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STMFORD'WJIVjBRSITY-nBRARY

i

PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES.

fouttb Settee.

PAPERS OF THE GOVERNORS

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EiNNSYLVANIA y\KC HIVES

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OBORGE EDWARD REJED, LI.>a

HON. W, W, GRIEST

MKCSIttJ^RV OV Tlttt COMMONWEALTH.

VOLUME II. PAPERS OF THE GOVERNORS. 1747-1759.

HARRISBURG : THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA.

WAX. STANLEY RAY, STATE PRINTEK.

1900.

%^^A

1 > -^ yfKY

290311

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

VOLUME II.

CHAPTER I. The Administration of Anthony Palmer, 1747-1748, 1

CHAPTER II.

The First Administration of James Hamilton,

1748-1754, 87

CHAPTER in.

The Administration of Robert Hunter Mor- ris, 1754-175H, 297

CHAPTER IV.

Papers of the Proprietaries. — William Penn, 2d, 171 8-1720; John, Thomas and Richard Penn, 1727-1746; Thomas and Richard Penn, 1746-1771; Thomas and John Penn, 1771- 1776, 647

CHAPTER V.

The Administration of William Denny, 175()-

1759, 725

(1)

PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES.

fouttb Settee.

PAPERS OF THE GOVERNORS.

ANTHONY PALMER.

President of the Council. 1747-1748.

(1)

1— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

PENNSYLVANIA ARCHIVES

Jfouttb Scttca

The Papers of thk Governors,

Chapter I,

ANTHONY PALMER.

President of the CouncH,

1747- 1 748.

THE PRESIDING OFFICER OF THE COUNCIL during its ad interim administration of the affairs of the province following the resignation of Gov- ernor Thomas was Anthony Palmer, a gentleman who had amassed great wealth in the West Indies and who was consequently able to maintain the dignity of his position in much style. Many dangers threatened the province, religious scruples were invoked as an excuse for not providing proper means of defence and only the opportune execution of the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle prevented serious injury to the colonists. President Palmer's tenure of the executive covered the period from June, 1747, to November, 1748.

(8)

B

Papers o^ ihe (lovernors. Prorrlamation of Continuance in Office.

r.THK HOXOrUAHLE THE PKKSIDENT &

.-Voiincil of the Province of Pennsylvania.

A PROCLAMATION.

WAereaJH the Honourable (leorge ThoinaH, Enqr., Lieutenanf (lovernor and Coiiiiiianderin-Chief of this Provinre hath eiiil>ai-(|iied for (treat Hritain. and by his Absence llie Exerrise of the Powers of (iovernni(»nt, by virtue of an Art of As- Kenibly passed in the Tenth ^'ea^ of the lieign of the late Que^^n Ann, i» devolvtHl on and lodged in Us, We ha>e then*fore thought fit to Publish and l)e<lare that all ptM-sons whatsoever who held or enjovM any Oftlee of Trust or Profit in this (lovernnient, l>y virtue uf any ( onnnissions in Force at the time of th(» said (Jovernor's Depart ur(\ shall continue to hold and (*ujoy the same Ollices niKil they shall be deterniiuM by Ts or some otiier sulTicient Authority. And we do liereby com- mand and recpiire all Judges. Justices, and other Ofll- ccrs whatsoever, in whom any Publlck Trust is r«*posed in rliis (rovernment, that they dilig(»ntly proce(»d in the INrforniance iS: Discharge of th<»ir n^speclive Duties I herein for the Safety, Peace, and \V(»11 b(»ing of the same.

<;iv(Mi at Philadelphia, under the* (ireat Seal of the said Province, tin* Elglith day of Jun(» in the Twen- lieth Y(»ar of the Keign of our Sovereign l^)rd, (reorge the Second, by the (irac(» of (jod of (Jreat Hritain, France, and Ireland, King, DefendiM- of the* Faith, iV:ca.

ANTHONY PAL>fFK, President. Hy Order of the President & Council. Ki chard P(»ters. Secry. GOD SAVE THE KINO.

I

Antliony Palmer,

Letter to the Governor of Massachusetts Bay, Regret- ting and Explaining: the Necessity of Delay in Act- ing in Connection with the Important Matter of Fulfilling Engagements witli the Indians who Have Declared against the French.

SIR: (JftVfHiior Thomas being gone to England for the Ilet'overy of Iuh health, your letter of the Ist IHMtant* addr<*Xit'd to hiiu, wim ^eni to me 'ah Freiiident of the roiinril of rhiK Provinre: and an tin? Admiuidtni^ tbu of the (fovernriient hi thv Abweaee of a Oovernor <lt*voh'i*»4 ail lilt* ConnriJ, I iiiiiued lately on Ker{*iji( thereof hi id it hefore thenu & hnve the honour to in- Umn Vitii HuH the ri>iiri<il thitiki^ vvhh yon that nhnnVi fhefe h(* n f^nin^i^ of any Kn^agHinentft4 eoter*d into by nny of \V\n ^loj^^Htie'*? T'ohmieR with the tmltaoH, now that they have actually begun Hostilities against the French, it might prove of the last Consequence to every Province on the Continent. Was the Disposition of the Public Money in the Council such a Resolve wou'd have l)ci*n forthwith taken as the Importance of the Service demanded; but this being in the Assembly, which is Dot now sitting, the only step in the Power of the Council was to convene them in order to lay your letter bi*fore them; and this wou'd have been done had it not iK*en discourag'd by the Speaker of the Assembly, to wjioni Your Letter was communicated, who on confer- ring, at the Instance of the Council, with such Members of Assembly as live in or near the City, gave it as his iS: their opinion that should the County. Members be obliged to leave their Family's before the Harvest was over they might not meet in a good humour; & thereby the Intent of calling them might be frustrated; but as rhey were set on their own Adjournment on the 17th of August next, if the Letter was then laid before them there might be more hopes of success; at least there

Papers of the Governors.

reasoD to belie v<^ that the Astienibly wou*d go inlo

Dg Presents to thv Indians in their own way — their

Ineiples not permitting them to give to sneh a pur-

\e as juu apply for» Your knowlc*dge of Assemblies

induce You, I make no doubt j to think with the

lueil that these previous Steps were proper to be

ten, & that as these arr the Sentiments of the

paker, & of the leading Members of the House, it

I'd answer no purpose to eouvene them against their

K & that no more remains to be done than when they

^t to lay Your Letter before them, which you may be

ired will be doue^ & nothing omitted that ean hi*

JugUt will give weight to tbe ApplicaMon,

I am Sir,

Your most obedt h'ble Bervt.

ANTHONY PALMER tlada,, 18th Juno, 1747. \]\h Exeelh^y. Willm. Shirley, Esfir.

Anthony Palmer. 7

Majestie's Name Btrictlj enjoining & commanding all Pilots, Mariners, and others, that from henceforth they do not presume on any pretence whatsoever to con- duct, Pilot, or hring up any foreign Ship or Vessel carry- ing a Flag of Truce, or pretending to come under a Flag of Truce from our Enemies to any Port or Place within this Province above that tract of Land lying in Chester County, commonly called and known by the Name of Marcus Hook, without our special Lycence first had and obtainied, as they will answer the contrary at their highest peril.

Given at Philadelphia, under the Great Seal of the said Province, the Fourth day of July, in the Twenty-first Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord George the Second, by the Grace of God of Great Britain, France, & Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, &c., Annoq% Domini, 1747.

By Order of the President & Council,

ANTHONY PALMER, President. Richard Peters, Secretary. GOD SAVE THE KING.

Introductory Speech to the Assembly.

MR. SPEAKER & GENTLEMEN OF THE ASSEM- bly:

.\s upon our late Governor's Departure for England for (he Recovery of his Health, the Adminis- tration of the Government (by an Act pass'd in the 10th Year of Queen Ann, entitled "an Act for the further securing the Administration of tlie Government''), de- volved upon the Council, We have pursuant thereto taken upon Us the Execution of that Trusl.

Papers of the Governors.

|s this important Change hath f alien to our Ix>tt in

t^ry tempestuous Season, we ave Sensible of the

ible & DiflkMtltieB that must attend the ExecatioD

t. and heartily wish some one Person of knowu lu

I'itj and Abilities bad the Admiuistnition; but as

(how desiLable soever) cannot be immediatelj ac-

hilished, we shall ondeavour to supply the want of

\ a just and impartial disehaii^e of our Duty accord-

I to the best of our Judgments; and when it ja eon-

(red how closely our several Interests are conuected

those of the I*ublicis, the Ohligatious we are under

the Ties of our Families, Friends & NeighhourSj

think none can doubt of our Zeal and siii(*ere In-

lions for the wt^lfare of this Province,

have Pobtinhed our l^roeiairiation for the con-

liug all Magistrates & Officers in their resijective

fes, rtHiuiring them to i>roceed in the exercise of

respective Trusts tr> prevent any failure or defect

Anthony Palmer. 9

(Sifter represeDtiflg the Daoger wLicli all th(*se Colonies art* ill of being destroyed bj the Pi-em Iratid the India dm ijtidrr I heir intlueoce, without a liiiu Union betwwii oiU'HelveB foi* our mutual Oefenre), he. aoqimints Us *That hii had aiipointed Commissioners to meet in a ('ongress to be held at New York on the Second of Sep- temher next with sucb Comiiiissioners a8 should be ap- [»tiiijh*d bj all his Majes tie's tjovernmentB from Nt^w Uampsbire to Virginia inL'hisive, there to treat and ajjrei* upon Mensures for eucouraging the Indians of tln^ Bix Nations vigorously to prosecute their Incursions 011 the Enemy, and pressing Us to make IVovision for them tilt the Congress can be held/' ThertMJpon we dispatrhed Conrad Weiser^ the Provincial Interpreter, to 8hamokiD to sound tlie Indians, aud get the best In- formation lie rou'd of their Sentimenigi, which he ac- cord in*rly did, and sent nw n Rf^[iort of his^ proreodin^t* wilh his opinion; which with Governor Shirley's Let- ters w^e have ordered to be laid before you as well de- serving your most Serious Consideration, since they contain matters of very great Importance to the safety of this as well as the rest of his Majestie's Colonies on the Continent. Govr. Shirley presses earnestly for an Answer, but as we could not take upon Us to enter into any Engagement on behalf of this Government without your concurrence and Assurance of enabling us to perform tliem, we deferred it till this Meeting of your House, and desire your Resolutions, that we may ac- quaint him therewith, and how far he may depend on the Assistance of this Government in concerting tV executing such Enterprizes and Plans of Operation as the eommon Interest may require.

The Indians seated on Lake Erie & on tlie Inomoy

Creek, that runs into that Lake, being part of or in

alliance with the Six Nations, said by the Indian

Traders to be numerous and People of consequence.

^ have sent Messages to this Government, which will be

lo Papers of the Governors.

delivered for your perusal. As they are desirous to be taken into Friendsliip, and it may be of great tier- vice to encourage such Applications, you will enable us lo make them profK^r Presents.

You will And by Mr. Weiser's R<»iK>rt that some com- plaints have been made by the Indians of several In- jnii(*8 dou(» them by White Pt*opIe, which deserve your particular Notice, aud, if true, re<iuire that some repara- tion should be immediately made.

Some* Indians are expecttni to arrive in Philadelphia durinj; your Kecess, which will occasion some KxiK'nn* in their Maintenance and in Presents. You will, there- fore, j;;ive Orders to the Treasurer to pay all such Sums of Money as shall be by you deemed necessary for those [mrposes, as well as to defray the Kxi)en<'<'s the Pro- vincial Interpreter has been at in his Negotiations with them; and that a suitable Reward be allowiHl him for his Trouble & Service. He attends in Town by order of the Council to the end yon may l)e more particularly informed from him of the present Situation of the In- dians & their Affairs.

The Council apprehending some Inconveniences from (mr Enemies coming into the Port of Philadelphia nndcr the* Sanction of Fla^s of Truce, as tlu\v hereby have an opportunity of making themselveH blotter ac- (juainted with the Bay and River of Delaware, have pub- lish(»d a Proclamation prohibiting all Pilots from bring- in<i: up any such Vessells within the Limits of this Gov- <*rnnient without Leave first obtained for that pur|K>se, and have likewise recommended to the (lovernment of the Lower Counties the laying their Pilots under pro|K»r Restrictions, which was accordingly done. \Ye have also wrote to the Government of New Jersey to tlie same purpose.

A notorious instilt hath lately been committed in New Castle County by an inconsiderable party of French & Spaniards in conjunction with some English-

Anthony Palmer. ii

men, Trajtors to their King and Country, and who we are informed have dwelt in this City and are too well acquainted with the Condition of it. After having had the Boldness to come up the whole length of the Bay and part of the River even within about 18 Miles of the Town of New Castle, they there plundered two Planta- tions, the Owner of one of them they bound and abused and dangerously wounded his Wife with a Musket Ball, carrying off their Negroes and Effects to a considerable value. On their lletufn they met with a valuable Ship in the Bay, bound to this Port from Antigua, which they likewise took and* carried off. The Circumstance of this Affair you will be more particularly inform'd of from the Depositions and Papers we have ordered to be laid before You.

This Instance of the Boldness of our Enemies, in- creased by the Success they met with, together with some Expressions which fell from them importing a thorough Knowledge of our defenceless State, and a Design of shortly paying this City a visit, must afford but a niolancholy prospect to people in our Circum- stances, and demand a very particular attention. The Length and DiflicuUy of our Bay & River seem now no longer to be depended on for our Security since our Enemies in all probability are but too well acquainted with both. The Terror and Confusion, the Ruin of vast nunib(T8 of Families, the Destruction of Trade, the Bloodshed, (Cruelty, & other fatal Consequences which must unavoidably attend the plundering or burning (his City, arc* too obvious to need a Discription. It is not then absolutely necessary for the security of this so valuable a part of His Majesty's Dominions, & the pi-eservation of the Liv(^s and proiH'rty* of the Inhabit- ants, thai some Mc^thod should b(» falTn upon to prevent th(» Evils which (lireaten ITs, and to which we lie ex- posed. We assur(» you on our j)arts we shall be always ready to concurr with vou in every ni(\'isure that mav

12 Papers of the Governors.

((»ii(l to the Safety, Peace, and IlapiniieHH of the People of PeDUMjlvania, and aH a perfect Harmony anuin^; the several parts of the <iovernment nui8t p^ratly eon- tribute to these Ends. Yon may d<*pend on onr sine«Te Endeavours to cultivate and promote it to the utnuist of our Power.

Ouarantine Orders Concerning the Ship luiryale Sus- pected to be Infected with Yellow fever.

BY THE HOXOHLE. THE PRESIDENT & ('OUN- cil of the Provimc* of Pennsylvania.

It appearing on Your Examination befoiv us tliat the Island of Harb.idoes at the time you took your departure from tlM»n<'e was very si<*kly, and that om» of your Sailors dyed <m board your Ship in the Passajre, and that then' is reason to lM'Ii<'ve lie had the Yell<»w F(»ver, You are luTeby strictly ordered and commanded In cause your N'essel. now lyinj; at Mr. A Hen's Wharf, inimediately to b(» remov(»d to the distance oT at least one Mile from the Southernmost part of I he (1ty of riiiladelphia, and there to remain till our furtluM- Order — You taking espei'ial Care not to break Hulk, nor to suffer any thin^ to b<» bniu^ht ashore from the said Ship. H(Teof fail not at your Peril. tiiv(» under my Hand & tin* L(»sser S(»al of th(» Province of Thilada. aforc^said, this 7th Day of Seplr.. 1747.

.VNTH. PALMER, To Captain John Cox,

Commander of tlu* Ship Euryah*.

F

^^^B Anthony Palmer. ij

■ Quarantine Orders Concerning the Ship Euryale Sus- K pected to be Infected with Yellow fever

THE HONOUR A nr.E THE PREHIDENT & Crmneil of tho Proviin*** of PennBylvania.

**A PROCLAMATION.

B^

WA^e€iSn the Ship Eurayle, John Cox, Comiiiauder, is lately arrived iii this Port of PliUadt'lphia from the lalaod of Bar- badoes, whirli Island at the time of the said Hhip'si Departure from theot-e being iniic^i atlH*'ted with a Daogerous & Con- tagiouB Distemper, there is great Reason to fear that the said Ship & her Company a re i nf e c t ed t h e if w i t h : And w h ereo^ , the Captnia and Mariners of the said in- fected Ship, & the Passengers that were on board her, have in Contempt of the Law presumed to come on ^hore & disperse themselves in the City and Places ad- jacent, to the great Danger of the Health & Lives of the inhabitants of this Province, We have therefore thought lit to issue this our Proclamation, strictly charging & Commanding all Persons that they do not henceforth receive, harbour, or entertain any Person or Persons that arrived in the said infected Ship Kurayle, without acquainting the President & Council aforesaid, or some one of them, or one of the Justices of the Peace for the county or City of Philadelphia therewith, that the Condition and health of such Per- sons so arriving may be examined, and that they may be dealt with according to Law.

Given under the Great Seal of the Province of Pennsyl- vania, at Philadelphia, the Ninth Day of September, in the Year of Our Lord 1747, and in the Twenty-first Year of the Reign of our Sovereign Lord George the

14 Papers of the Governors.

HeeoDd, hj the (Irace of Ood, of Gn^at Brilaiti|! Fratiiit', atid IrL^IuoU, King, DefcDdiT of the Faith, ^| so forth.

jUJTHONY PALMKU,

IVenidL By Order of the Governor & CauutriL Hii:bard Peters, Secrj* GUD HAVE THE Kn%Q.

To the Assembly Concerning Certain Privutccrinj Outrages hi Delaware Bay, Etc

GENTLEMEN: We ehall ever think It a Dtilj IfK-iiiiibent r« to lay beffire Yau such Matti^is wherein joup j Coueiirteuce is* Deeessiiry us may ftffeet or iireiuote tliei l*eace or Proiperitj of the Peopl** of thifi Provioce^ i as wLieu you atlendt^d oit I'« wilh Yuiir ^jieaker yiia express'd your n^adiuesii ft* n*eeive atiyUiiiiiH' of that kind, we have thoii^'ht fn-oper to inform Yuu of tliej foHuwiug Trail »aetl<juM:

About the 14th of July hint a E'art uf Fren<*h &I Spaniards^ in coujutietjon with Home Kni^iisii Mcin^i some of whou) Wf* iih* itifnrirrd liavL* foriiuTly tJwelt iii this City, carue up in a Pilot iSoai wjUiIu about eii^btt^n Miles of the Town of Newcastle, ijlutider*d two Phuita*] ti(»ii8, bound ami ahus^ed tbi* Owner of t»tie uf (beni ^' wounded his \\ ife with a Munkett BuU, earryiug offl X(*groes* Jk Elfeett* to a considerable V'abie. On thdr! return Hiey met with a valualde Ship in tUr Hay baiind to til in Poll from Antigua, whieb they likewii?*^ look &] cart i^Hl tiff. Sinre llinh on (ti<* rourbteiitb of Ht*|ileniberj last, we received Intormation by Express from ^ that on Taesday, the 8th of September, two Sloops

Anthony Palmer,

^5

uf* Uje H^y with a Pilot Boat Lending on **af'li; on VVuduettday E^x>Giiig they returned aud Aru:hor'd iti U'«rea Kuad, wliiclj kept the WatcL at Ijewes upon but J Uny aod Nigh I, and that one of the said V tassels ifl Bight of the People at Lewes took a Ship outward Urnud with her Pilot Boat & iioother Bhip uest Mom- iu^j^'uiuing IB, aod was at the tUiie of sendiog away that Ki^tress ID chase of a Third, which it was fear'd woo'd fall iato the Enemy "s ilands iu an liour or two. It ajh ptHffd afterwards that the Privateer mentioned in the said Express belonged to Cape FiancoJB, that she rmried foorteeo Carriage Guns, sixteen Hwivels, & raaie out with about one hundred t^ se^^enty Men, that ^hfi had takeu in that Cruise no le^B than ten I^rizeii. Tbese facts, with the Circumstances attending them^ will api^ear more particularly iu the Depositions & I'apers we have ordered to be laid before You.

From the Success which attends our Enemies by ^'niizing in our Jkiy without risque or opposition, it •»av reasonably be ex]»ected that they will continue their Depredations in the Spring, and in all likelyhood l^lock up the Trade of this flourishiug Colony — a Loss ^liich we apprehend will sensibly be felt by all sorts ^fPeople. Trade supports the Merchant, the Planter, tlie Artificer; every one in the Country as well as in the Town will be alike involved iu the loss of Commerce, as Jhey derive from thence many of the necessaries & con- veniences of Life. A Concern then so Interesting to Men of al Degrec^s amongst Us well deserves your most serious Consideration.

The Boldness of our Enemies and the Knowledge* they have gain'd of our Bay and River, gives us great .Ueason to ap[»rehend an Attack on this City unless ■some Provision be speedily made to discourage them from the Attempt or to disap[>oint them in it.

As we can't doubt but you will think the Protection of this City & the Trade of it highly worth your Care,

1 6 Papers of the Governors.

you will wiHC'ly provide for both. If u Uiw wub want- ing for these piirpoHOs, the IVople of Peans^'tvania would be UDliupp.v indinn], Binre there is no liegislative Power at present in the (lovernment: but we appre-. iHMid that as the Piiblirk Money is in your dis|>OBaly no further Law is necessary.

Some Spanish Prisoners now in the Work Elouae, waiting for an opi>ortunity to l)e Shipp*d Oif, are in want of Cloaths & other Neeessaries. As this Govern- iriont hath always behaved with Humanity & Kindness to Prisoners, you will no doubt provide for the Ex- pencres necessary on this Occasion.

ANTHONY PALMKU. President.

ItJth Octr., 1747.

Letter to the ( Joveriior of the l^Vcnch Leewanl Islands Concerning Ccrlin S])anisli Prisoners Sent to Him.

SIR— I have the Honour of your Kxcellency's, dated at Petit <ioave the 17th Si»piember last, h\ Captn. t'osnay, who delivered me your Dispatches & a List of IT) Prisoners, two of which he said Dyed at Sea.

Had it been in my power to return you num for man 1 wou'd have done it, !)ut there arc* very few French Prisoners brought here, and in defect of these Captain fosnay has consented to take 12 Spanish Prisoners, whose Names are in a List signM by myself and ooun- tersign'd by the Secretary, and are to be delivered to You or your Order, and you an* desir'd to extend your. ('ompassi<m so far to these mJHerable People to assist them to <;et to the Havannah or any other Spanish Port they desire to go to with all jmssible Pis[>atchy

Anthony Palmer. 17

tiiey hiivmg contrntied here a long while fof wuui n! a (niLVkDiertt opportunity of Meoding tLem awaj, i am, with peifc*r;t Egteera,

Your Kxct?nencvv*8 most Obedient Servant, ANTHONY PALMEK, PhiladH|ihia, VMU Oc(r., 1747, n> Ki« Excellcticy Monsr. Chastenoj, Governor of tbt? French Leeward iBiaud^ at Petit Ooave.

Letter to the Governor of Massachusetts Bay Con- cerning the Discharge of the Levies raised for the Expedition against Canada.

Philada. Kover, 10th, 1747.

Slli: Your Excellency's Letter of the 29th, October last, was delivered to me on Sunday, and yester- day I laid it before the Council, together with the Dis- charge of the Levies raised within this Province for the Expedition against Canada, dated the Day before, and bv their advice I have this Day forwarded it by Express to Governor Clinton, as those Forces have all along been within his Government & under his command. In a Letter I have the honour to receive from him, he in- forms me he has paid off the Private Men to the 24th June inclusive, and the subalterns two Months pay from the Dates of their Commissions; and as his Ex- eeJlency when he advanced this Pay for them had no doubt a regard to the Terms on which they were In- listed, it cannot be supposed that any alteration can be now made therein without Murmur & Discontent, especially as the Soldiers have had hard Duty during a long Winter, & in a very cold Country. Your Excel- lency supposes the Pennsylvania Companys to have

2~Vol. II— 4th Ser.

1 8 Papers of the Governors.

remained in (hi8 Provint*^ iu j^inxI (inarlerH, but this is not the (\iHe. The Hettloiueut however of Iheir Paj, whether thiH do(*H or does not make any difTen^nee be- I ween their Cam* & that of the Men iH'hm^inK to Collo. lUiillipH* Kei^imeiit, muHt be eniiivlv h>ft to the Judg- ment of (jovernoi* (Minton on what Vonr Rx(*e11ency has wrote to him on rhJH Huhjeet which I pn^Hume ir the same aH what I have th(* honour to reeeive from Yon.

[n caHe the Prorhimation published for their En- roura^emeni lo Inlist hIiouM be mention'd by the aol- (liers. 1 iiave ««»ni a Printed iHW n» iJovernor <Miiifoii« and likewise enclose one lo Your KxceUeiicy, and if eitlier tiie Proclamation or the Men's having Marrh*d out of (he Province and having remained in actual Her* vi<e frcun the time their Tompanies wei-e conip1t*at, shall cause a change* in Vonr Kxcenency*s S(*ntinientii, Von will be pleased lo communicate such dianp', and <;ive the necessary directions, the Council re(|ue8tin|? me to assur<» Vou that they will with jrnsil Zeal and heartiness lay b(»fore the AsstMubly, wliich I hey have Summoned to m<*el for this purpose on the '2lU\ Instant, t^verythinjj; recommended lo tluMii for His Maje8tie*B Service, whi<-h they desire lo promote by ev(»ry methtHl in their Power on this and all other Occasions. I am with perfect Ksteem.

Your Kx<ellency's most obedient humbh* Servant,

AXTIIONY PALMKU.

His Excellency William Shirley. Ksqr.

b

Anthony Palmer. ig

Letter to the Governor of New York Concerning^ the Discharge of the Levies raised for the Expedition against Canada.

l^Lilada., Novr. lOth, 1747,

SFH: On Himday I reroiviid the inclosed Disrhargi* frtim Uovr, Hhirley in a Letter requt'sHtig, sitiicmg oIluT Tilings^ it might lie published among the Levies mised m this Province far the Expedirioti a^^aiust I'liiHidii, and having yesterdtij^ laid them before je <'(Mmt*H, I dii by their Advice trans m it it tu you.

thi His Ma jes tie's Orders, signitk'd by the FjX tract of the Duke New Castle's letter, and by the joint Ijetter af Governor Bbirley & Admiral Kiiowles, Copy 8 wbere- ol Here sent to Your Excellency by Mr. Lawrence while I was in the Lower <.\iuiitieH,

The Assembly is siimmon'd to meet on the 23d In- stant, and as I depend on Your Excellency to furnish the Council with an Account of what has been paid the Pennsylvania Forces under Your Command, & what still remains due to them, & with Materials to answer the several Queries put by Admiral Knowles & Gov- Hnor Shirley, I most earnestly repeat my Request to Vour Excellency to honour me with a full Letter on this Important Affair, time enough for the Council to form thence a proper Message to the Assembly.

Your Excellency will be pleased to be referred to Governor Shirley's Ix*tter of the 29th October last (as 1 suppose lie wrote in the same manner to all the Gov- ernors) for his Sentiments about the Pay of the Levies, their Arms and other things relating to (hem; And as r am an entire Stranger to Military matters, and to the particular Circumstances of those Levies, having no other Judgment to form of what is proper to be done than from the Proclamation issued by Governor Thomas to encourage them to Inlist, I shou'd be ex-

Papers of the Governors,

finely obliged lo Your Excel leoey if You woivd favor

with Your Seutiments on these Several Poiots. I As Governor Thomas's Proclamation may be men' in'd b,v the Officers or Soldiers, I herein Inetose a hnted onCj and am with very great Begard, j Your Excelleocj-s most obedient humble Servant,

ANTHONY PALMER. I His Excellency George Clinton, Esqr.

Speech to Certain Six Nations Indians.

jKethren; warriors of the six na-

lious —

We, the President & Council of the Province of |eunsylvania, have taken what Yon said to Us into iDBideiatioii, and aic now going to give you an an-

Anthony Palmer. di

tbe Englisb to cooiiuut! Neuter no longer, but to take «p tlifir Hate bet agajnat tbe Freneb, and that yon itud )mn^ Alliens have according Ij done this. Brethren, Voij did well to hearken to tbe Messages sent bj The English. Your Allies so readily concurring with you, »ltLW» vou kei'p a good understanding ivitb them, for tthieb juu are to be commended. You live in small TVibea at a distauct' from one aootht^r, Hepai'ate, you will be easily overcome; United, it will be difficult if not impossible to hurt You. Like the Strings oo which jou put your U'ampum, a Biogle Thread is soon Htiappdt a few require more strength, But if you weave them into a Belt and fasten them tight together. It m^t bt? a strong band that can break it.

We are pleas d to bear that at tbe pressing Instances «f the Governors of New York & New England, yoii have taken up the Hatchet against the French, who you know, notwithstanding their fair Speeches, have been from the beginning your inveterate Enemies; And iu Confirmation that We approve of what you have done, we give you this Belt.

By your String of Wampum you tell us that you ob- serve the English Kettle does not boil high, & you give the String to all the English to encourage them to put more Fire under their Kettle.

As you Address this to all the English, we shall send voar string to the other Governors. But to lessen your I'oncern on this account, We are to apprize you that the Pi'ench were sending large Forces in big Ships well arm'd with great Cannon over the Seas to Canada, that the English pursued them, attacked them, took their Men of War, killed a number of their Men, carried the rest Prisoners to England. This Victory put a stop for the present to the Expedition intended against <^anada. Y''ou are, therefore, not to judge by the ap- pearance things make now that the English Fire is

I

1 * 1 ' Papers of the Governors. iiig oni, but thnt this is only atTidental, & it will on hlau^ a^ain. .\H rhis is iiw first \'ifiit paid itjs bv our Iht'thien tlie an iors* liviij*:^ on the Brauchf s of Ohio, to shew that } takt^ it kiudly of theiu. and are desirous to cultivate iuiprove ilie FrieiidHbip subHJ^tin;; between the 8ix it ions & l;s, we have provided a Present of Goods, a it whereof will be read to You at the elose of our Qswer, They aie at John Harris', i!t the Interpreter U go along with You & deliver them to you there. In e Spring we propose to seud Mr, Weiser to Y^ou, & he ill be furnish^! wilh a pi-oppi- Present to be dist- HI ted to all the Indians at Ohio, at Canayiahaga, & KJUt the Lake Erie, Jn eoufirniation of what we say 1^ give you Ibis string at WanipuuL llavitig reeeived by the Traders a kind Mi^ssage from e Canayiahaga Indians, to let them see we are [deased ith it, \AV have sent tlvnn a small Tiesent of Powder ^j;iyM>^Air^rn)^bLU^^ji^]^^iiy^^j^^

Anthony Palmer.

23

>hir[fv ^iHJuld immediate' ly appoint a Meetiug with <Vmimod<»re Kuowles at surh IMaue a» sbouVl be agreed apoa, & eonsidei* with Uiin the preiient State of Nova Scotia & fjouisbamg, and take thi^ proper Measures for the Defente of those places, and as it is His Majestie*s Juteotiou that the Atiieneaoa Bhoii^d be imoiediatelj dJBeharged^ exeept onlv sm*li few a a are oieDtioD*d^ and

(that when Governor Shirley & Mr. Knowies shall hare met & fiilly eonsider'd the Service to be under takeo id the inatiner directed, aud shall have agreed what num- ber of Auierieims it will be iiecessarj to keep in Fay for thur purpose. It i» His Ma jes tie's pleasure that he «hou*d procure an Aceouot of the whole Ex pence oil AiH*oufit of the American Troops from the time of their Imng levied to the time of their Dischaige, and when the nmnv nlmU be adjtiHte<l & Liquidated, to tranBmir it to His (iniie with tin* propf^i- Vourh4*rs frtmi the sev- eral Governors, that it may be laid before Parliament, to the End that Provision may be made for the Pay- ment; and in the meantime, in order to prevent any Com- plaint amongst the Men that have been Inlisted (as well those that shall be discharged as those that shall con- tinue in Service) for want immediate Pay, to recom- mend it to the Governors of the Provinces where these Services have been made to procure (Credit from the respective Assemblies for that purpose, which His Majesty hopes may be done without Difficulty.

In Obedience to his Majestie's Commands We do therefore most earnestly recommend it to You that You w^ou'd immediately provide Money or Credit for the Payment of such Sums as shall remain due to the Forces rais'd in this Government at the time of their Discharge, an Estimate whereof sent us by Governor Clinton we have ordered to be laid before You, together with the several Letters & Papers we have received from Governor Shirley, Admiral Knowles, & Gover- nor Clinton, on this Subject.

Papers of the Governors,

You will perceive, Gentlemen, by the above Instruc-

Iviis that ao Actoiiut iiuifit be preijared of the whole

ppeoeo of the Penimylvaina ^'ontpaiiEes from the time

their being Levied to tlie time of their Disebarge.

m will therefore foroiah Us with the Votef?i *S: Min*

:es of Your House *& saeh other Materials in Your

}wer as shall be necessary, & that with all the Dis-

ktch possible, ^o that they may be trausmitted to His

|ajei*fy time enough to be laid before the Parliament

their next Session. I As His Majeoty hoi>c*fi what is demanded will be doDe litbotit Difiicultj, Vou will no doubt consider of the |oHt effectual ways to answer His Majestie's Expecta- :>us.

ANTHONY PALMER, Presidt. I November 24tb, 1747,

Anthony Palmer. 25

ought to be improved to the greatest Advantage. Prom the Situation of these People, being mostly with- in the Limits of this Government, they are capable of doing or preventing the greatest Mischiefs; and from what passed at a Conversation between them & the Interpreter, there is reason to apprehend that without Encouragement from this Province they may be se- duced by the French to go over to their side, whereby the Lives of the back Inhabitants will be in the utmost Danger. These Considerations have induc'd us to give them the Goods mentioned in the Account delivered you herewith, and to promise to send the Interpreter with a larger Present to their Fire at Ohio in the Spring. You will, therefore, take care at this Session to come to such Resolves as will enable us to make good our Engagements.

The last Post brought a Letter from Governor Shirley, dated at Boston the 9th of November, 1747, purporting that at a Meeting of Commissioners from the Government of the Massachusetts Bay, New York, and Connecticut, at the City of New York in September last, it was aji^reed in behalf of the said Governments that an Expedition shou'd be undertaken against the French Fort at Crown Point; That certain Measures shou'd be used to retain & confirm the Indians of the Six Nations & others in Alliance with them in the Interest of the English Governments, and other Mat- ters were agreed upon for the Defence of "the English Colonies against the French and Indian Enemy; and also that there shou'd be another Meeting of the Com- uiissrs. about the middle of December next, and that in the mean time all the othtn* Governments from New Hampshire to Virginia should be invited & earnestly urged to join in this Publick & Important Undertak- ing, wherein His Majestie's Honour and the Interest of all His Snl)j(Mls in North America are so deeply concerned. The Agreement of the Commissioners was

papers of the Governors,

|[d befoi-e the General Assembly of that Province

their late HeHsion, but finding so thin an appearance

the liepreBetJtaHves, and mtmt of tbe priueipal Meni-

h's absent, Mr. 8hirley judged it best to adjourn the

lasemblj to Tuesday tht^ Seventeenth Instant; this

]>liged him to entreat the (jovernmeut of Pennsylvania

order their Publick Business so as that Assembly

ly be able to meet about the time wlien we may

tpect to linow their Kt^nolutioiia upon this Affair."

I As the Province of MaHsachusetts Bay is supposed

be now sittingj & we may every Day expect to re-

five their Reaolvea in order to be laid before You

Ir your Sentiments & Concur rence, & aa we oaDoot

jinli but You v^ ill heartily join in promoting every*

L'heme that sluill appear to contribute to retain &

hcrease the Friendship of the Indians* you will !*eadily

[imply wilb Mr. 8hirlt\v*B RLH]m*8t,

ANTHONY IWLMEU. Prt^sident,

Anthony Palmer

^7

W il^ler dttJDg four Dayi* tlit^v rt.*luiii'd no other answer I 'Aln that *iliey appivbend till the Huois due to the several Compacies ai'e regularly ascertain 'd it jg not In Iheir I'ower to jud^e what Credit or Money may lie expected U* be burrowed from this Provinrt' for the Kings Use on aeeoiint of the Levies rais'd hei-e; But eooftideriD^ the great Desertioog in those CoioTMinii^s, k\ the Payments made them by Governor Clmton, who rliey presume had the Command in Chief of those Troopn, they hope there can be no extraordinary ocea- »joii of Complaiut amongst the Men for want of their remaining Pay till Provision shall be made for them U\ Parliament* or at least till their afeonnts ran he fully adjusted ^ liquidated in the manner direeted b^- the Duke of Newcastle's Letters- While the Couneil was considering the extraordiuary answer, not having had it half an hour before them, they were surpriz'd with a verbal Message by two Mem- bers, informing them that the House had adjourn'd to the first Monday in January; and tho' the two Members who brought this unexpected Message were told by the Council that there were several Important Affairs nnder Consideration, yet the House adher'd to their Adjournment & broke up Instantly; and as they have this Privilege it was not in the Power of the Council to prevent it. One of the Members of the Assembly said lie believed the House adjouru'd to a short Day, supposing the Council wou'd be furnished by that time with materials for knowing the exact Sum demanded of the Province. It was thought the Estimate you was 80 good as to send wou'd serve to show pretty nearly the Money wanted, but as the Assembly took no notice of this, and insist on knowing the exact Sum befoi*e they determine what to do, I am oblig'd once more to desire you wou'd settle that Sum with the Officers & Men. & when done to transmit it in an authenticated

Papers of the Governors. [tmnt*r, so thnt there oiav be no further pretence of

I Do you propose to seod your owa account of the iiufi advanced by you for the Provision & Pay of the

lur Peotisylvanm Companies while they were under lur Command to trie, to be transmitted to Mr. Shirlpy (ill Mr. Knowles in the manner directed by their joint ^tti^r? Or as You have already sent over some Ae- (urUs leUtting to these Companies wheo you paid them in June, do You ehuse to aend tbem with their kiper Certificates immediately to the Duke of New listle or those (jentlemen? If you take this last let hod, then 1 conceive, as Mr. Thomas' accounts of

II the Monies paid on account of those four Companies ]l they arriv'd within your Province ai'e already Liqui-

I ted & lodg'd in the proper Office in Enp^land, there Imains no more for the Council to do than to tranf^mit litli au then tick Certi flea tea the Copies of the several

Anthony Palmer. 29

Letter to the Governor of Massachusetts Bay Con- cerning the Pay of the Discharged Pennsylvania Levies.

Philada., Deer. 5th, 1747.

SIR: The enelos'd Copies of the Messages that have pass'd between the Council & Assembly of this Province will inform You what has been done in pur- suance of your Excellency's & Admiral Knowles' Let- ters, and what likelyhood there is of a complyauce with His Majestie's Demand.

The Assembly soon after presenting their answer sent a Message by two Members to inform the Board that the House had adjoum-d to the 1st Monday in January, & tho' the Persons who brought the Message were told that there were under Consideration several matters of great consequence, yet the broke up, & thereby prevented all further Ai)pli(a lions from the Board.

One of the Members who were sent to inform the ('ouncil of this unexpected adjournment said it was made on a supposition that (he certain Sum wanted to Pay off the Soldiers wou'd be then known. One wou'd think by this that at least he believed they wou'd ad- vanee the Money, but as Ihey have no(, that we hear of, declared their willingness to do it, W(* cannot take upon lis to give any other Expectations Uian wliat may be jcather'd from their answer.

When Mr. Clinton shall have adjusted the Sum due to the <)lfi<*ers & Men at the time of ihe'w dismission he will furnish Ts with th(» Account, and we shall not fail to repeat our Recommendations of this Service to the Assembly at their next Sitting.

What they design to do with resf)ect to the several matters alreadv concerted or to he concerted by the

Papers of the Governors,

LmmiRsioners for the common Safely of all the Col- |ie», whieh deptrndB so rnuf^h ou dislodginjjr the French

jiij their t^trooghold at Crown Point, & thereby se* Iriiig fhe TDdiaus to the English Interest, eaniiot be ]iown, f(jr they i*etiirn'd iio juisvver to the Me»eag«

Itch iKTOiupanied your I^^tter of the J)th Novr. ou |at Subject,

! am Vonr Kxielieury's uiost obedt, Hervant,

ANTHONY PALMER, I His Excel ky, \\ illiam Shirley, Esqr,

Proclamation for a General Fast.

, V THE HONOURABLE THE PRESIDENT & f'ouucil of the Province of Pennsylvania,

Anthony Palmer. 31

ary next, to be observed throughout this Troviuce as a Day of Fasting & Pray, exhorting all, both Ministers & People, to observe the same with becoming serious- ness & attention, &. to join with one accord in the most humble & fervent Supplications That Almighty God would mercifully interpose and still the Rage of War among the Nations & put a stop to the effusion of Chris- tian Blood; That he would preserve and bless our Graci- ous King, guide his Councils, & give him victory over his £nemies to the establishing a speedy & lasting Peace; That he would bless, prosper, & pre8er\'e all the British Colonies, and particularly that he would take this Province under his Protection, Confound the de- signs and defeat the Attempts of its Enemies, & unite our Hearts and strengthen our Hands in every Under- taking that nmy be for the Publick Good, and for our defence & Security in this time of Danger; That he would graciously please to bless the succeeding Year with Health, Peace, & Plenty, & enable us to make a right use of his lat(» attUcting Hand in a sincere and thorough Reformation of our Lives «S: ManncMs, to which the Ministers of all Religious Soci(*ties are de sir'd earnestly to exhort their People. And it is recoin- luended to all Persons lo abstain from servile Labour on the said Day.

(liven at Philadelphia, under the (^reat Seal of the said Province, the ninth day of l)(Meniher in ihv Twenty-first Year t)f the Reign our Soverei<:n Lord. George the Second, by th<» Grace of God of (Jreat Britain, France, and Ireland, Kinjr, I)efend<M- of the Faith, &ca. Annoqz Domini, 1747.

AXTnOXY PALMKR, Pn^sident. By Order of the President «S: Counril. Ki<'hard Peters, Secry.

GOD SAVE THE FvTXG.

Papers of the Governors.

I Further Letter to the Governor of Massachusetts JBay Concerning the Pay of the Discharged Penn- jsylvania Levies.

Philada., 29th Deer,, 1747, iR:

I Vour ExeeHf*ncy's letter of the 5tli lostant

(a me to band yesterday, and as the Assembly sita

Munday next, there will be an opportunity of laying

Ihefore them. It is supposed they will then come to

eir final Resolutions with respect to Ria Majesties

bmandj which will be transmitted to you when re*

lived without DeUiy,

Vour Excellency will be pleas'd to be referred to Mr.

Iwrence's Letter of the 20tli October last, in answer

Admiral Know lea & Your Joint Lot tor, wrote in my

Isence, wherein he informs Von that Governor

liomas advanced the sums that were laid out in the

I'haae of Arms, Clothes, &La.. for the four Ponosvl

f

Anthofiy Palmer. 33

(npAwbtedly owing to the paiticular Cireumsiaueeii 'fte^teces were in at the time of their Discharge, I am, 8ir, Ttmr most obedient, humble Servant,

ANTHONY PALMER- His Excel ley. William Shirley^ Esq.

Tf> the A^5;cmb1y roncernuif^ the Pay of tiie Dh- charged Pennsylvania Levies.

GKXTLE5!EN: Siuf-e uiir Me»Bage to Yoo of tbe 24 th of No- ?enibt*r last, & Your answer thereto dated the l!7th of tlh" saiiu' .Moiuh, Wv lifive rea'iv'd frnin i\*n ernor Shirley a Letter informing us that the Pay of the Companies of New York, Pennsylvania, Maryland, & Virginia, had been fixed at the rate of Sixpence Ster- ling P. Day over and above the Provision which had been allowed them, and that any abatement or stoppage wou'd now seem unequal and grievous, & raise the utmost Discontents amongst the Disbanded Troops, which, as he vevy justly observes, may b(» a prejudice to His Majestie's Service in general upon any future Emergency of the like nature.

We have, likewise, received a Letter fiom Governor Clinton, inclosing an Account of Pay due to Pennsyl- vania Company's from the 25th J[une last to the 31st of October, wherein it appears that there remains due to the Officers £1,822 15 8 Sterlg., and to the Sergeants, Corporals, Drummers, & Private Men of the said Com- panies £1,323 18 0 Currency, besides an allowance which Governor Clinton observes the Officers expect, as they have computed their Accounts only to the 3l8t

3— Vol. II"-4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors,

October, but weie Dot actually dJscLarj^*d till the ttli November; which Pajiers together with aa Ac- liint of rtovisiouB Hiipiili<^d the said Company « by bvemoi- (JHatoiu aiiiountifi^ to 12^54 7 OJ, we have rd*d to be laid before Voii, and earue^rly request you Till now [>roe<^ed with all possible l)i»patrb to <.V>uiply |ith HiR Alajestie'B Uemauds.

ANTHONY PALMER, I January 5 th, 1747*

letter to the Governor of New York Concenitng the Pay of the Discharged Pennsylvania Levies,

Ph Hilda., 11th Janry., 1747.

IK:

Anthony Palmer,

35

Letter to the Governor of iNew York Concerning a

Request for Some Cannon.

IB:

Fhilada,, Janty. :i5th, \UT.

I

iJ Tin* ('oimril who tlij ine the Honour to join with im* ill the A[ipli( ation for a supply of Can nun Tor the liatttniei^ iutendi^d to be plated on our KivtH\ desirt' me lo rt'turn Your Exeelky, their very hearty Thanks for Your obliging I^tier, They are in hopes, since You are pleased io expi*e8s a wiliingiiesht to gratify their Hec|ne»U that when the Eogineer arrives ik knows your KxiH-'Uey'ii* Inrlinatioua, there may be some Cannon Hpared, wiihoui ]jrfjiidiee to Your own Fortitiualion**, Ai I acquainted Von iu my former that We had Kent Onlerft to England for a Hupply, 1 trun now assure Your Kxi'»dleii<y !h;H Wf <^xp( i j Uieiii ihr tH'X* Suiiuiiei\ ami as soon as they arrive, the others shall be returned upon Demand, so that your own Cannon may be with Yen aj^ain in a few Months, or before the Engineer may hav(» o(*<asion for them.

1 am Your Excellency's most obed't hum. Servant,

ANTHONY IVVLMER.

His Excellycy. George Clinton, Esfjr.

Letter to the Governors of Virginia and Maryland Re- citinjo^ the Good Conduct of Certain Indians in the Recent War and Suggesting that the Three Col- onies Unite in Giving them a Present.

Philada., Januarv 2r)th, 1747.

IR:

^ 1 have the pleasure to inform You that the In- dians seated on the Branches of Ohio, and to the south & West of Lake Erie (Places within the Bounds

36 Papers of the Governors.

of Virginia, Marjland, & Pennsjlvania), have this last Summer shewn great Zeal for His Majestie's Interest in those parts, & by their seasonable Declaration of War have prevented some verj bad Designs of the Governor of Canada, which wou'd otherwise have taken Effect. This came to be known first by a Letter sent to this Government from some of the Six Nations & other Indians seated at Canayahaga^ a Place on or near the river Conde, which runs into the Lake Erie, who send down a French Scalp in token of their having begun Hostilities against the French and their Indians. The Traders afterwards confirmed this, with this fur- ther Circumstance, that the French Governor had sent the Hatchets to those Indians, and that they had re- jected it, at the same time letting the French Governor know that they were heartily for the English, & wou'd light for them & not against them. This determined our Government to give them all the Encouragement possible, & while they were deliberating in what manner to Convey to the Indians a quantity of Goods bought for their use, ten Warriors living at Ohio came fortunately to Philadelphia to remonstrate against (he backwardness of the English, & to tell them plainly (hat unless they alter'd their Conduct the French wou'd soon bo uppermost in their Parts. As they addressed Ihemsolves to the Governors of all the Provinces, & were told that they should be made acquainted with their Complaints, the Council, in discharge of their l*romise, & considering that Your Province is equally with ours exposed to Danger, shon'd these Indians for want of proper Encouragement go over to the French, have thought it their Duty to send You a Copy of the Treaty held with these Ohio Warriors, and of the Mes- sage of the Council & of the Answer of our Assembly, wherein they promise to enable the Council to fulfil their engagements of sending them a present by Mr. Weiser in the Spring, tho' they were then supply'd with

Anthony Palmer.

Z7

a ronsiderable quiinlity of Powder & Lead & Cloatb- lag to help 4 hem Ihro' the Winter^ ^& most earuestly re^juest that You wou'd lay these Matters before Your Aeserablj-, and reconmierid it to them to join with this Ptoviiice & that of Virginia m makiog a Present to tht'se Indiati^, and if it shall be thought proper that there maj be appoiuted one or more Persons with full Fower to join with Mr. Weiser in any Measiirea that may be thei**? thought to be moat condueive to the Pah- lick Good.

Mr. Weiser was ordered to aeeoinpatiy & take care of the Indians in their Be turn to Oiiio as far as the Tti- liahited part of the Country, & from what passed be* i«et*n those Indians & Hhiekalamy, a Person of Char- arter al ^hamokin, who happened to be at Mr. WeiseFs oti th*^lr coming there, and likewise from what waR said bv the Principal Indian Scaiohady at parting with Mr. Weiser, of all which he wrote an Account which is Copied & sent herewith, I cannot think but the Person or Persons who go to Ohio may do extraordinary Ser- vice if they are well supported by an Union of the Southern Provinces, since they will thereby be enabled to give a larger Present & to distribute it among the Indians according to their Numbers, Dispositions, & Influence, as the same shall appear to them upon the Spot.

It may be expected that the French will use their Ut most Endeavours this Winter to corrupt the Indians; there is, therefore, a Necessity that this Present be sent to them early in the Spring; and as the time cannot be fixed until I shall receive your Answer I beg the favour of You to give this Affair, which is of so much Importance to the Peace & Safety of the Publick, all the Dispatch possible.

I am, with perfect Esteem & Regard, Your Excellency's most obedt. Servant.

ANTHY. PALMER.

Papers of the Governors.

[ter to the Governor of Maryhind Concerning the

iffair Charles Htg^nbotham, who had obtained roni the Maryland Authorities a Title to Certain ^ands along the Border, now also Claimed by licholas Perie under the Alleged Authority of the l^oprietors of Pennsylvania.

Philada., 25th Jaory. 1747.

|tK:

I have the Honour of Your Leitei* of the Hd !>«?- pember by f'aptain Higginbotham, wiio did not Itb this City till Thursday last. On tht* Receipt Wof the Council was calFd and he order d to attend; liaving relari*d the Cause of bis. Complaints, the lird, leaHt, they ehoiiid mis^eoneeive what he »aid, ii^'d he would ^et bis Case drawn in Writing; whieh ju^' done he presented it to the tJounciL it \\ apjiear-

Anthony Pahnen 39

Fmclamalion Concerning^ the Illicit Sale of Liquors to the Indians.

B

Y THE HOXDHLE. THE PRKSJDENT & COUN* cil of the I'ruvinct- of i'i'UiisylvaDia*

A PROCLAMATION.

Whsfw/^^ by Bevel al Acts of Aseembl^' of thi^ Provinee, the Belling of Rum to the Indiiuis is ptohibited under sevet^e l^enul

tiHH. ^ parHiulaily hy ati xVi^t of thv 12U of King Williaiii it is enacted as follows *Tbar all Hum, Hrandj, or other Strong Liiiiior^ that ttJiall hk* lurried, or otTer*d to t*ale or IHsposal to op at any of the In* dlaii Tnwni* or Uabitatioii^ within ihv BiMjiHls of tliiw ProviiictN shall h^ t^irfiaU and it is hereby declared to be forfeit, one-third to the (lovernor & two-thirds to such Person or Persons as shall seize the same; and all Persons (as well Indians as others) are thereby iinpowered to seize & secure all such Rum, Hrandy, & other Strong Spirits so found at any Indian Town or Settlement as aforesaid;" And by another Act of the 8th Year of the late King George the rtr'st, it is (among other things) enact(*d "That no Person whatsoever, otherwise than is herein declared, shall Sell. Barter, or give to any Indian or Indians, or to any other Person for their use, nor by any Means di- rectly or indirectly furnish or cause to be furnished any Indian or Indians with any Rum, Wine, or other Strong Li<luor8, mixed or unmixed, under the Penalty of Twenty I'ounds for each Offence, one-half to the* Gov- ernor for support of Government, & the other half to (he Informer or sueh Person or Peisons as will sue for the same/' And further, **That in Case any Rum or other Strong Spirits, above the cpiantity of one Gal- lon, he carried amongst the Indians at their Towns, or hevond the Christian Inhabitants, tht* Person carrying

Papers of the Governors.

le aaine^ or ht? in wbuac* possession the same shall be lund^ shall foi luit & pay the Bum of Twenty Ponads to |e Uaea aforesaid/' And further, '^Tbat no PergoD

Persons whatsoever after the first Day of August |en next foUowing, under the Penalty of Twenty :»uDda for the uses aforesaid, shall Trade or TrafBck ph any Indian for any Commodity vvhatfioevGr^ but

tbeir own Dwelling Houiies and Places of Residence |th their Faaailies, within some settled Township of liitj ProYince, without being first recommended to the |>ver!ior for his Lycence by the Justices of the County >urtB of Quarter tensions where he resides, or the \xt Quarter 8essions ay i thin this Province to the Pla^e

aut:h Keaidence; and that no Person shall be so Ly- [need without first giving Bond in the said (Quarter IssioDs^ with one or inoi-e substantial Freeholders of je same County, to be bound with them in the Sum of Jie hundred Pounds, condition'd that be will duly ob-

I ve the Laws of this Provint^e for re^julating the

Anthony Palmer.

therefore^ tbungtil litj for the future fnw<*ritian of such iM^uiiliTS as far as iu Vb lies, to puhliiilj Una Pro(*liitnn rion, 5<ti'Htlv rhatgmg iJt T'ofiiiiiHiKliug That uo Pcihou or Wn-Honu do betTfifrHr prt^Huiut^ to fradu with the hi diuiiti, without f\iM obtuiiuug a Licetiee ftotu tht? (lor eriiof or CtJUiruauder-in-CIiief for the tiuie hfe?ing, at-eord- m^ to the directions giren in the said Aet of Assembly; Jk \Vi* do hereby also strictly eajoiu tiie MagiBtrateEt of the several Counties withiu this Provinee, aud es- p^*iaUy those of the County of Ijaiieaatep where these uhust^ are mostly carried on, to bf* ver>' vigihint & (ureful m the fJischarge of the Dutiet* required of thein by the said Acts of Assembly, & iu partieular to de- maud sueti LyriHieeof all Persoos travelfiug with goods to trade with tiie Indiaas; and to make or rause diligent •Search to be inade for any Qoautity of Hinu or other strong Liquors exceeding the quantity allowed by Law which they shall have reason to suspect is carrying to the Indians. And for the more effectual detecting & suppressing the abuses aforesaid, We do further earnestly reconuuend it to the said Magistrates to give all due Countenance & Encouragement to the Persons who shall apply or can give Information against those who have been or shall hereafter be guilty of carrying or vending Rum & other strong Liquors amongst the Indians contrary to the said recited Laws or any of I hem. Moreover, in as much as by the said Act of As- sembly of the 12th of King William, all Rum, Brandy, & other Spirits, carryed into any of the Indian Towns, are declared to be forfeit, one-third to the Gov(*rnor and the other Two-thirds to the Persons seizing the same. We do hereby give full Power and Authority to any Indian or Indians to whom the Rum or other Strong Liquors shall hereafter be offer'd for Sale contrary to rhe said Laws, to stave & break to pieces the Cask or Vessel in which Rum or other strong Liquors is con tain'd, without being accountable to Us for the Gov

I

Papers of the Governors,

[iior'8 third Part; And for the better Eucoiirageiueat

all Pi^r»oii8 to ^ive in Informatioiis & prosecute the

ftVuiiei*B aj^aiusi auv of the i*aid Laws, We do hereby

li ther dee hi re that the said lafoimerB sliaU have &

leeive to their own Vm^ the whole Penalties ^ For-

lit ores iiieurred by Si to be i*eeover'd of the Persons

rains t whom they shall so iuforui, a» well the Parts

JHhares allotted bv the said Laws ta the Informer, as

tho»e giTen to the 1 1 overuor or CommanderinGhief,

Ir the time being.

Iven at Pbihidel]»hia^ nnder tlie tireat Seal of tlie said jl'rovinee, the 18th Day of February, In the Twenty- Itirst Year of the Rei|^n of our Sovereign Lord, George It lie Second, by tlu^ (ipace of God of Great Britain, I Frame, & Iiebiiid, King, Defender of the Faith, &t'., Annoqz Dom., 1747.

By Order of tin* President iS: t'ounril,

AXTHt)XY I'ALMKH, I 'res id I

Anthony Palmer. 43

Majesty's Subjects, 1 having ah'eady sent fourteen at their own Instance to l^^oganne for fear of their being ohiig'd to Slay here all the Winter, no o|>i>ortuuity olTering for Your Port. They were W(*ll fed & well taken care of here, & as they were without Cloaths, thi» Ciovemment before their Departure gave them (*loaths, & wrote to His Excellency Monsr. Chastenoye, Governor of L(H)ganne, to aid them all in his Power to get to the Havannah.

On the Certificates transmitted by Your Excellency the three Negroes, Bias Marroquin Estevan, Hosea rherquava, & Marcus Antonia, are released & put on lK)ard Captain Oeorge Davis, who has my Orders to de- liver them to Your Excellency, & to whom for that pur- pose 1 have granted the Privilege of the Flag.

I have likewise delivered to him Andreas Antonio, one of the Negroes that Your Excellency refjuests may be sent to You; the other dyed hen* of a Fever. If on the Examination into his State You find he is not a free Xegroe, You will be pleas'd to remit tlH» value that it may be given to the Captors.

1 have re<eiv'd no Letter from the Directors of the Itoyal Company about the Ransom of the Prizt* taken by the St. Christopher, whirh was expected by what Vour Excellency says in Your's.

May Your Excellency be bh^ss'd with a long Life iS: all manner of Happiness. I am Your Excellency's most obedt. h'ble Servant,

AXTHOXY PALMER. His Excelby. Dn. Franco. Faxigahh* Do La Vega, Covr.

of Havannah. Philada., Febrv. 1747.

Papers of the Governors,

Iter to ihe ConimarLder-in-Chief at Cape Breloii f cquesting the Loan of Cannon for the Province*

Philada,, 5 th Mateii, 174S. Mi:

The Ad mi ust ration of the Govern nieiit of this

Province of Peuosjlvauia being, in the abseoce |hu Governor, devolved on the Council, I as their sident & at tht^ir InBtanee in Council Aaaembled,

the honour *o inform You that from sundry ad- hi givt^n hy FrlsouerB & others who have been latelv Ihe Havaonah & in several of the French Ports in IW'est Indiee, We have the greatest reason to expect Invasion from a ou tuber of French & Hpanish Pri- k*r« some rime this Summer, These IntelHgeoces

Jikcnvise been ronflrm'd in Letters from Persons liruh>uhk*d veracity residing in Lht^ British West hi lisihinds; tJt Miat thereupon we have done all in

Anthony Palmer. 45

he goes in will not tarry, bnt immediately return to this place, if we shou'd be so happy as to be favoured with the Loan of the Cannon, We further desire You wou'd be pleas'd to deliver tliem to him to be shipped on board her, assuring You we shall take the greatest Care im- aginable of them & return them to You or Your Order on Demand, or if this Vessel shou'd not return so soon as is expected we beg You wou'd put them on board auy other Vessel that is ready to Sail for this Place or any other of the Neighbouring Colonies.

The importance of this Colony, situate in the Center of His Majestie's American Dominions, whose Trade is so essentially necessary for supplying the British Islands & His Majestie's Fleets there, & the Service that will be done His Majesty by the preservation of the Lives of so many of His Subjects, are Considera- tions that make us hope You will favour us with all the Assistance in Your Power, not only in the Loan of the Cannon but in ji:iving Information to all the Com- manders of His Majestie's Ships of War of the Enemie's Designs, that if they can any ways, consistent with their Orders, extend their Cruises to tin* Capes of Virginia, nothing el^ ran ])r(»vent a total obstruct i(»n of Trade on this Continent — an Kvent which won\l be of fhe worse Conse<iuence ai this time, as added to all our other Calamities we sliou'd i hereby be disabled from furnishing the Indians with Amunitiou & (joods. & so force them to go ovov to the French Interest. I conclude with saying Your Assistance will lay an In- finite Obligation on all the Inhabitants of this Pro vince, & in particular on the Cientlenien of the Council, k on

Sir, Your most obedt. Irble Servant,

ANTHONY PALMEK.

To His Excellency the Commander inChief for the time being at Cape Bn»ton.

Papers of tlie Governors.

ctter to the Governor of New York Concerning the

Loan of Cannon.

Pbilad^i., 8tti Martb, 1747.

IK:

As tht* IVrsid<*nt & Council of this Province ac-

quaiiifed Your Exft*Hc*ucy uoiiie tiiuif agu with the

ix*ounts we had received of aa Attempt upon this

|)k)ny being intended to be made by the French &

liiiniardti tikis 8ummei% and that the lu habitants bad

js<dved to erect one or two Batteries upoo this River,

|d'had wrote to England for t.'anuon, but were afraid

\^y wou'd come loo late to answer tlie purposes in-

^ided, & therefore dt*sir*d Your PilxceUeDcy wouM l>e

good a a to assist us witli th<' I^nan of such as eou'd

spared from Your own ^^■^lrks. And your Excel-

liey in Yonr Letter of the 5th -January was pleas'd in

most kind & obliging mauner to express an Iticliua-

Anthony Palmer,

mm win be the ohjetl of Your Exrelbory's Care* am. Sir, for luvself & the f reiHletuen oF the Couocil, Vour Kxrelleiit\v*8 most obedient St^rvant,

ANTtlOXY PALMER. His ExceUeiir,>, (Jeoi^ge t Mint on, Estjp.

47 I

Letter to the (Suvenior of Massacliiisetts Bay Re- questing IIif4 Influence to Cause Certain Sbips-af- War to Cruise between the Capes of Virginia and Sandv Hook*

Philada., Stli March, 1T4T.

HR:

^ Heitj^ iudifipo»'d when the hist Post went away he did not carry the acknowledg^ements due to Voii for your obliging Letter of the 1st of February in annwer to the Council's application for the Loan of Cannon. The Gentlemen of the Council who did me the honour to join with me in that Letter are perfectly HHtisfied with the reasons You give why you cannot comply w ith their Request, and desire me to return Y'ou their heartiest thanks for the just & commisserating Sense you express at our calamitous Situation.

As we know not but we may be disappointed in every appli<ation we have made for Cannon, & we have try'd but every Place wliere there was the least prospect of succeeding, & as our dependence is now principally on the arrival of the Cannon ordered to be* sent us from England, which is a very precarious de[)endence in War time, the safety of this Colony runs a great risque, unless some of the Commanders of His Majestie's Ships of War or of Y'our Province Sloops can be directed to fTuize early in the Spring between Sandy Hook & the Capes of Virginia, and to look into the l^ay of Dela- wate. The Council, therefore, make it their earnesi

! Papers of the Governors. equest that Vmi wuu'd iissu aU your Interest to bring is about. Thv appeiuauce ol any X'essel or Vessels force oil our Coasts, & that t^rlj in the Heason, iy entirely defetU the Eueuiies Sehemes, or at least lige theui to pastpone the execution of them; aud Ihey are obiig^d to do this the Colony may be pie- t ved — for thee our Cannon may arrivej & we may le time enough to malce suttieient Preperarioos for \i- Defenee. [( is certain that His Majestie's Fleets in the West dias depend on being supplied from New York and is Place, and we are told that there will be a lai'ge eet in the West Indies^ surt^ly then no greater Ser- -e can be done to His Majesty^ exclusive of saving e Lives iS: For tunes of so many of his Subjects, than prevent an obs true lion of the t^upply of His Majea- '*s Navy. This eonsidei-ation will, we hoi>e, make the *ople of jour Government wiio liave been so remark-

Anthony Palmer. 49

de&t, w(^ 10 CcmGcil assetublffd think it our Duty to mtxresent to Vou tbe imbapjiy state of the Colony, & tbe reasons we have to appteheod au luvasiao of onr PpoTinee & the Plundering of our City Sl a Total lose to oar Trade,

U> need not tell You, who aiv ho wt*U acquaioted ftith rhe Condition of the Colonies, that the JMajority ftf tile AMnembly eousffitin^ of tiuaket'«, their Prineiplea wmi'tl never satfer tht^m to put this I'rovince into a ;wififufe of Defence, nor to fit out Vessels for the pro- tHiion fit thHr Trade; encouraged by this, the Coafiit wag lust Year infested with t^waruis of French ^ ^pan- iisii Privateers, numbers of our A'essels were taken mth* in our own Capes, & the Enemy seeing no re»itstaiice m£'d uur Pilots & fell a plundering tbe Plautatioas Siruatf* on the Bay side. This Hueeess more tlian an- swering their expectation, we are told by Prisoners who have been carried into the Enemie's Ports, that great preparations are making & mighty Schemes con- m*(ed for our Ruin; whether they be concerted by the <TOvernmeut in order to make a lodgement in so fruitful a Province, the Granary of America, or be a Confeder- acy of private Adventurers to burn the City or lay it under Contribution, we cannot say. To prevent this the Inhabitants have enterd into an Association, and are preparing Batteries in the most commodious Places of our River, which we hope will save the City, but whatever becomes of Us our Trade runs a manifest risque of being totally obstructed.

This is an Event of so much Importance to His Ma- Hty, as His Majestie's Fleets in the West Indies are if» be supplied with a great part of their Provisions ffom hence, & His Majestie's Subjects there cannot get "iany of the necessaries of Life but from the Continent, ^bat we think it our indispensible Duty to apprize the Commanders of His Majestie's Fleets in the West Indies of our apprehensions, & of the whereon they are 4-Vol. II— 4th Ser.

50 Papers of the Governors.

founded, not doubting but when they come to know the dangerous State of the Navigation of North America, & what terrible Mischiefs may ensue thereon, they will do all in their Power to prevent them, & order some of the Men of War under their Command to Cruize on that part of the Continent which is threatned & lies most exposed to the Depredations of the Enemy.

You will easily imagine whatever may be the designs of the French & Spaniards, whether they Act on a Government Scheme or only on private Views, that they will be put in Execution early in the Season, & that their Privateers will take their Stations at the most convenient Places of the Coast, if unguarded, as soon as Navigation begins to be safe; So that no greater Service can be done His Majesty, nor no surer Method be taken to disappoint the Schemes of the Enemy, than fo order it so that one or more Men of War may be beforehand with them on the Coast. The Severity of the Season it is thought has drove many of the Vessels expected to arrive here to the West Indies, & these will probably fall in with the Enemie's Privateers to the p:reat detriment of Trade in general; but it may at this time prove particularly fatal to His Majestie's Interest with the Indians, who are in great want of Amunition & Cloaths, none of the Fall Vessels wherein these (loods were shipp'd being arriv'd, & if they are taken it will not be possible for the several Governors to answer their Engagements to the Indian Nations, nor execute the Plans concerted for the operations of the ensuing Year.

I am, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant,

ANTHONY PALMER.

Philada., 8lh March, 1747.

Anthony Palm en 51

Letter of Thanks to Governor Clinton for the Loan of Certain Cannon,

Philada,, oth April, 1748.

SIR: I have the honour to acknowledge the Receipt of Yours hj last Post. The Gentlemen employed '0 solUcit the Loan of the r'annoo had g;iven in tbeir Jieport before your obliging favour canie to hand, aiKl bad made tiie Board so sensible of the readiness with viiiich Vour Excellency t^ the Council acceded to their Appliratioii, that I flud it difficult to make their ae- knawledgetn^ntg iu Tcrnia tha* will sutficientiy exjiresB ib*4r Gratitude*

The People of this Province saw themselrew in immi- nent i)an<rrr, nnd nn tbey liad been di^tappoititcd In every scheme they had form'd for the procuring of Cannon, if Your Excelency had not entered with so much zeal into the Consideration of their Calamitous (Mrcumstances, we shou'd have had reason to dread the Consequences in case of an Attack.

The Council have these reasons, in common with their fellow-Citizens, for their grateful sense of Your Excellency's kindness, but they find even these height- ened by the personal Regard You have been pleas'd to shew to them, & by the obliging manner in which you have always express'd yourself towards them. This they desire me to say they will ever remember with the utmost affection. After having endeavourM to do Jus- n'ce to my fellow -Counsellors, be pleas^l to believe I am inspired with the same Sentiments & the same Grat- itude, & that no one can be with truer Esteem, Y'our Excellency's most obedient Servant,

ANTHONY^ PALMER. His Excellency George Clinton, Esqr.

Papers of the Govemorji.

kter to the Governors of Maryland and New York jConcerning the Relation of the Colonies to Certain I Indians,

Fhiiada., 12th Aprils 1848. R:

1 postpon'd answering your kind favonrs of the

Twenty ftfth Febiuaiy & 28 tb of March, till I

|ouid bear from the Governor of Virginia, and as his

:er did not arrive* till Satnrfhiy hiflt I embrace this

3t opport unity of making You my acknowledgements

the Care You was pleas'd to take in forwarding my

jit'ket, & takjDg tbe trouble to write to bim on the Sub-

t, fe^r, VVilliani is entirely of the same Hemimeut

Ith You & Your Council that every tbing ahou'd b<?

Ine to preserve (be ItidmtiB about Ohio our bearty

j-iends, tV prom i see to do all in bis [jower to indtiee

Assembly to join \u the. Present.

le Death oT the Messenger niigbt have prov'd a»

Anthony Palmer. 53

80 early as be had given them reason to expect, bul that he should hasten up to dieni as soon as ihis Business shou'd he tinish'd^ which was hop'd wouM be about the middle of Summer.

How they will even take this Delay I cauuot say; rhey are in extreme want, & by all Informations very numerous; the French leav(» nothing unat tempted to seduce them from the English Interest ; there are some small French Forts a little to the West of these In- dians; but whether there are any «& wbat quantity of Powder & Goods in them to give to the Indians I <-annot learn; perhaps they have none or not much, and in this caise |>oor Indians may Im^ necessitated, if they do not receive Supplys soon, to fall upon the Provinc(»s that are nearest to them to get wherewith to subsist.

They receive no part of the PrescMits that are annu- ally made to the Six Nations by Hie OovernnuMils of New York & i^oston; these are all engrossed by the Mohocks and the Nations to the Eastward of Ohio, so that there is the greater reason why the Southern Vvo vinces shou'd take care of theui, as they live upon their Borders & can by their Situation he an ett'ectual HarricM- ap:ainst the French.

Sr. William Goodi ])\ his uiaiiuer of writin^r seems til be of opinion fhat \'irginia will noi send Coimnis sioners. but chus(» to niak<» an addiiion to ihe Pn^scMit to be sent by Mr. Weiser from hence, iK: says lie wonM be glad I had told him what Sum was expected. P»nt this I have not pn^sum'd to do any otlierwisc* than by relating the Circumstances of thesi* Indians, and thai not so much for his Information as for the satisfaction Rnch Relation may give to the Assembly, iV: indeed this is the reason why I have wrote so long a L<Mum- to Von. who know these matters much better than I do. I am with perfect Esteem & Regard,

Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant,

ANTHOXV PALMER. Govt. Ogle.

Papers of the Governors.

Letter to the Governor of Maryland Concerning Cer- tain Land Claims,

l*hihida., April 11th, 1748.

Captain Iligginbot ham's Affairs has been beard bj the CouDcil with all the Hegard doe to a Person lider your recoumiendation.

lit appeared that he had never seen the Land, and lat neither he nor anj under him had ever been pos- Iss'd of itj but on the contrary that Perie* the Person Implain'd of, was in pusaession before and at the time 1 His Majes tie's OrdfU- for quieting the Borders of the ('ovinreSj which possession has lontinued in him ever ice.

|Soine Facts decisive in the opinion of our Couocii, if je» & which perhaps have not come to Your l^nowl- , were insisted on by Perie. That before the Royal he was arrested by process from Your Provincial

Anthony Palmen 55

IVodamatian Prohibiting Pilots or Others Boarding Vessels nntil it l*e I'roven that they be British.

B

V TllK HUNOUHABLE THE PRESIDENT & Cuuni-Ml of the Provioee of Pennsylvania,

A PROCLAMATION.

WA<:rmSy divers IdsuUb^ Ca|>tures^ &- Depredritiona wt'ie made & committed by our Enemies the last Summer in and ueur the Bay & River of Delaware, several Ve«- &ij\^ lakcQ* PianlatJODB pluade'd, and the (ioodg, Kegroes, and etreets of the Inhah itautB carried off, all which was the more easily elFected by meaos of some Pilot Boats using the Bay ^ Xliver aforesaid^ whreh the Enemy by pretendlnfij to Ix* friends had got possession of. To the end, therefore, that no means in our power may be wanting for the prevent- ing the like Insults, Captures, & Depredations for the future, and for the Security as well of the Inhabitants on both sides of the Bay <& River of Delaware as of the Citv of I*hiladelphia and the Trade thereof, in this lime of common Danger, We have thought fit to issue this our Proclamation, strictly enjoining & command- ing all Pilots whatsoever using the Bay or River of helaware, and all other Persons taking charge of any Ship or Vessel" in or near the said Bay or River, that from & after the Tenth Day of April to the Twenty-fifth bay of September in every Year during the Continu- ance of the Present War between Great Britain & France & Spain, or either of them, they do not presume on any pretence whatsoever to go on board any in- ward bound \'essel until the Commander thereof or some of the Mariners or People have first come on Shore, to the end that it may the more certainly be known whether such Vessel belongs to British Subjects or not as they shall answer the contrary at their high-

Papers of the Governors*

peril; Atid for tliie DiBcovt^r}' of Dt?liiiqueiits due re will bv taken & sirirt uiiquirj- made of all Com- hnders of Bhips^ Alariners, & others, by the pro per Itirens io be appoinh'd (uv thai [Hi r pose* Iveii at I'hiladelpliia, uader the Great Beal of the l^aid l*roviiice, the Eleventh Daj of April, id the lTweiil,V'tlr«t Year of the Reign of oiii- Sovei-eign Lord, lOeorge the 8erond, by the Grate of God of Great iHritaiD^ Fraace, & Ireland, King, Defender of the |Faithj &ea., Aiinoqz Domini, 1748.

ANTHONY PALMER. |By Order of the Hoon arable the President & ConnrU,

Richard Peters, Berry, IGOD SAV^E THE KING.

Introductory Mesisa^e to the Assemlily,

Anthony Palmer. 57

cert with u« on this occasion. Ah the Kesolutious of those Governments cannot be known til the Meeting of their Assemblies, v'hen this affair will be laid before them, and we have received advice that the Six Nations intend to send some of their Chiefs early this Summer to transact some business of Consequence with Us, on which occasion our Interpreter's pn^sence will be abso- lutely necessary, We have come to a resolution to defer sending him with the Goods to the Ohio Indians for the (>resent, & have dispatched a Messenger to acquaint them with the reasons of this delay, & to assure them that our Interpi*eter will set out with the Goods as soon as the Business with the Six Nations is com- pleated. The Letters which have pass'd between Us & the Southren Governments, together with the In- structions intended to be given to the Interpreter for his Conduct in treating with the Indians on his arrival at Ohio, we have ordered our Secretary to lay before vou. as also an ac(!ount of the <ioods we have purchased for the intended Present, amounting to about £1,000, which with the Charge of Carriage and the iiecessar> Expen<es of the interprc^ter ^: his Compauy, You will |>rovide for, so that the Merchants may be paid as W)on as [)Ossibl(% the (ioods having Immmi ])!inhased at Heady Money Prires.

We have long under Consideration du* mischievious Practice of carrying Rum among tlu* Indians, «S: liave issued a Proclamation, drawn in as sirong TtMins as the natuie of the Case would admit, lo prevent it; bnl as* the Laws provided in thos(* Cases arc* v(*ry defective, we cannot exi)ect the abus<»s iS: rrregnhiiities com mitted by those who pass under the Xanie of Indian Traders will be presented until (hose Laws be amend- ed. AA'e, therefore, earnestly recommend it to Your House to take the State of the Indian Trach* into Con Hlderation. and to pre])are a liill for limiting Hie nnm biT of Indian Traders, and the putting (hem undei*

Pupers of the Goveniors*

loper Regulations, so that it may be passed intti a Iw OD the Govt^riior's arrivaL

[Great Inconvenieuces haviug arisen by the Impra-

Ince of rilots going oo board Vessels at the Capes

Ifore thej knew whether they were Ftiends or Ene-

les; proper eare has been taken to prevent those of

jis Government 4S: the Lower Counties from entering

board any Ships or Vessels without Lyceuce from

? MajistrateSj and this Board was in hopes the Gov-

IniTient of the Jerseys wonld have Laid their Pilots

Ider iht* like Res trie tions; but simie that has not beea

(lie, we have caused a ProelamatioD to isBue probibit-

Pilots from going on board any inward Bound

L*ssel until the Comniaoder or some of the Mariners

[ve first come on Shore, & it be known whether such

L-sBels belong to British Subjects,

It his rrovin(*e, which very lately was in a defenceless

late is now, thro" the zeal & activity of some who have

le Love of tlieir Country sincerely at heart, rendered

|pable, wilh tlie blessing of God, of defending: itself

st the Designs of our Enemies, many Thouf^ands

Anthony PaJmer, gg

lime to time been preBented to ua for that parpose by ^hv Associators. Since tbese Measutee tend so mani- mnifesrly, under God, to the Security of this ProTince, iU preBerviition of its Metropolig, & the protection of file Aged Jt Helpless from the Calamities whieb would aftend an lovadzon. We think (hey ju&tly deserve the EDcoaragemeut & Assistance of Yijur House.

In December hist the Com moo Couacil & Merchants (if line City taking into Cocsideration the many losses tiiat had been sustain-d & the melancholy State to which our Trade was lik'd to be redao'd, have in sepa- rate Petitions addressed the Lords of the Admiralty for a Man of War» ut the same time desiring the Pro- prietaries to give them their utmost assistance; to which we have not only added Hepresentatioos & Ad- dresses from this Board, but have likewise applied to almost all the Governors & Commanders in America from whom there was any probability of being fur- nished with Cannon or Ships of War. We are glad to say these Applications have not been altogether un- successful. Gratitude calls upon Us to acknowledge We are under to the Government of New York for a supply of Battering Cannon, and to our worthy Proprie- taries from whose Interest & earnest Sollicitations at the Admiralty Board W'e have good reason to expect that a Man-of-War is order'd for the Security of our Trade; hereby the sinking Spirits of the Merchants & Tradesmen will be revived, the produce of our Country be exported at less Risque & the price of it thereby kept up, to the Encouragement of the Farmers.

The French & Spanish Prisoners now in town will require some Provision to be made for them during their stay here, which We shall endeavour to make as short as possible.

ANTHONY PALMER. May 17th, 1748.

Papers of the Governors,

the Assembly Concerning the Depredations oi the French Privateers.

HNTLEMENi

We hare just received advit*e from New Caatle

thai thei'e is a French Privateer upoD our Coast,

>imtiii*^ fourteen Carriage ik sixteen SwiveJ Guns

Id 175 Men on boards with two other Privateers in

(jusoit^ and hy the Dt^position wbich the Secretary

]y lay before Voii, it api>ejHfl that on Sunday morninj;

3t they had taken a Schooner bound from this Fort

Bermuda, on l>oard of wlutb they liad jmt [tart of

leir Men under Arms, and Orders to proceed to the

|r|ies of Delaw^i-e, where the S^choouer arrived, and

AI(mday Evening took in our Bay a BriKantine with

I very v;iluable Cargo on board, bound to this Port.

|ie of these privateers is the same that came into our

last Huunner and there took several inward Si out

Anthony Palmer. 6i

kn\} the Hole diatM)mil of the Piibliek Mooej, that you mnU] employ «oiiie part of it for the S*?i'vi<!e of the I'ublkk in the Protectioti of their Trade,

ANTHONY I'ALMER. ihiy lyih, 1748,

Letter to the Gov^ernnr of Virginia Concerning the Conduct of French ami Spanish Privateers.

Philadelphia, 2Tth Alay. 1748.

STH: A Prent-h Privateer Bloop, the late CUuton Pri- vjireer of New Yorii, with one or two Cmieorts fiUed out at Ca^**? Francois, have for sooit* time past 'been OniiraojE!: on this Coast and at the mouth of the Bay of Delaware, & has taken several Vessels inward & outward bound, and amongst the rest the Brigantine Uicha, Captain Burk, with a very rich Cargo, who had just saiTd from this Place for London; And yet while all this mischief was doing, one of our Privateers, as well as His Majestie's Sloop of War the Otter, Captain Ballet, sent by the Lords of the Admiralty for this Sta- tion, arrived here, the former this Day seven night & the latter on Sunday last, without seeing any Enemy on the Coast. Captain Ballet having some time ago had an Engagement with a large French Ship, receieved 80 much Damage as to think himself under a Necessity of immediately heaving down, & while in this Condition yesterday about two in the afternoon came an Express from Salem, in New Jersey, that there was a Spanish Privateer mounting eight six pounders & six four pounders lying at Anchor in the River Delaware oiT Elsenbough, about ten Miles from New Castle.

On this the Council applied to Captain Ballett to get the Otter away instantly if there was any possi-

Papers of the Governors.

jilit V of doing it, but he said she was in sueh a Condi'

tion that it wou'd be a week to refit her. At eight

In 'Clock iu tlit* Kveuing M, Maekay's Letter wae de-

iver-d to the Couotilj by which we leain'd that the

i^lianiBh Pt-ivateei^ atteunKed to Boaid a Large Jamaica

^hip, Captain Randolph^ of 20 GatiuB, in New Castle

rnve» but io this he was disappointed & had t-etreated

hj a little distance peihaps to renew the attempt whea

Mie Wind and Tide shou'd lie favourable, Froctor, who

^wani ashore from the Spaniard, was the Carrier of Mr,

laeky's Letter^ & in his ExaminaLioo before the Coun

il he says the Spanish Capt* is uf a savage, barbarous

lisposition, ik> declared frequently that he wouM rob,

j1 under, & burn whatever he coa*d; & as it is known

that there are other Privateers on the Coast, if they

in-et & concert together there must be a total *Stop

ijut to Trade & intinite mischief dooe to the poor People

|who Live on the Bay side. Proctor says further^ that

Spaniard was attended by fifteen small Craft which

Anthony Palmer. 63

»aiu Jtfat«(t?nsoa by this EKpreSB, & told bim lie wou'd iN^rtadj' to Hail by the latter end of uext week, & 1 %ed to meet the Heotor at the Capes or on the Coaat betB-eeo here & Virginia*

I am Sir, Your moi^jt obedt, bumb Betvt.,

ANTHONY PALMEK. flis Excelky. Si\ Willm. Gooch.

Letter to the Govern our of New Jersey Acknowtedg- ijig his offer of the Services of 11 Number of Young Men to Serve in the Provincial Vessels against the French.

SIR: The Spirit shewn by the good People of New J <*!-*< ey l^ truly fonimendable, & the Conneil is oblig'd to Your Excellency for the dispatch with which You have been pleas'd to impart to us that generous offer; but, alas, on the Assembly's absolutely refusing to furnish Money, we think no Vessels of force are likely to be fitted out. If there should be any alteration of measures, the brave young men of your Province will be the first in our remembrance, & have early notice. I am. Your Honour's most obedient Servant,

ANTHONY PALMER. Philada., 2d June, 1748. The Honoble. J. Belcher, Esqr.

Commission for the Equipment and Command of an Intelligence Boat.

Br TITF HONOBLE, THE PRESIDENT & OnmeU of the Province of PeuTisylvania,

To Abraham WHibrmlc of Le^im Town^ Pilot ^ Meeting', Whereas^ by reason of the Bay & River Delaware

f'apers of the Governors.

[ing now greatly infested with the Eneniie's PH va- lors, we have judg'd it Dec.essary that some fit ik oper rersoQs shall be forthwith emplojed & com- |ssiom?d to ohi^ei-ve & givf* iia eons taut Intelligeueo of Motions & Designft of the said I'rivateers; Aod We jve thought jou fitlj qualified for that purpoae, & Infldiiitc m Youi- Loj^alty, Vigilance, & Tiitegrity, Do |rel\v tirjint CoiuiiuesioD to authorize and appoint jii the said Abiahatu Wiltbanii to fit out ^ romitiaiid Intelligeore Boat for the purpoees afoivsaid. & lei'ewilh inimediatelv to proceed & rontinue to pass lie paws down & tip the said River & Bay (During our leaKiire) iu ordei' to diseover, obf^erve, & get all the |foriiiatiou8 Jt Iiitelligeiiee you possibly can of the :»tious, foree, & designs of the said Privateers or other Majestie's Enemies, & fnnii time to tinn* ttriiig or insmit to Ts with the rtrnoat Expedition full Ac- ini s and Advice thereof. Hereby giving & granting on Lieenee (!t Authority during your acting & con-

■

»

Anthony Palmer. 65

tfio' Yuu have hltlierto refueed to grant Money foi* the protection of the People or the Tiade of this Provinci?, )i*i a8 we thitik it our Duty, You mai*t excuse Us if Id lliiii tiuje of general Calamity we agaio press You od ihaf tli^agretabli:' Subject iu hope» that the migerabUt ririiimatanres to which we are now reduced may at k'ugtli prevail with You to provide a proper Remedy.

At the time of Your layt Hitting our Port was actu- illy blocked up by the Enemy's Privateere; they ha?e lince grown more numerous and have taken almoBt all our inward bound VesseU, using our Couutrymeat with great Barbarity. Ooe of them, a large 8paruish Privateer with ItiU Men on boards t ame up the River IS high as Elsenborough, where she came to aD Anchor without being disiovered to be an Enemy, & intended uejct morning to take a Ship then lying befoin:* New i.'astle & burn the T(>wri. which they had <*ertainly ef* feeted had not an Englishman swam on shore in the Night and alarmed the Inhabitants. Tis true most of the Privateers are now thought to be gone off with their Prizes, but tis reasonable to suppose they will soon return for more, or that others, encouraged by the fame of their Success, will supply their Places.

During the Enemy's stay in the River they took a ^reat number of small Craft & thereby gained exact Intelligence of what pass'd among us; and it is not unlikely but that among other things they had learn't the Resolutions of your House, and had a Dependance that no Vessel of War would be fitted out against them hy this Government, otherwise they might have ex- pected their Insolence & Cruelty would not have gone unpunished, it being an unusual thing for Englishmen to bear tamely, & without resistance, the Insults of so despicable an Enemy — Crews of Negroes, Mulattoes, & the very Dregs of Mankind.

Boon after Your adjournment His Majestie's Sloop, the Otter, under the Command of Captain Ballet, ar-

5— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

|ved here; but uot being in a Condi t ion to proceed im-

ediately on a Criuzej and being beaides a Vessel of

lall force iusuiilcteDt without an Assistant to atta<;k

It li a number of Enemies, We have hitherto reai/d no

f van (age froui her arrival. She is now Oat-eeii'dj &

hope will soon be fit for Servicej to which End the

iptaiu assures T's noHiinif in his Power shall be want-

And we have dispatched an Express to Virginia

rder to procure^ if possible, the Hector Man-of War

join her; But as the obtaining this Assistance^ and

continuenec^of obtained, are on many accounts un-

Irtain, We have thought it absolutely necessary that

|8hip of War shouM be fitted out by this Province to

' Join'd with the Otter for the protection of our Trade,

|e Consideration whereof we now earnestly recom-

md to Your Houi^e; and that You would according

sh a suflicieut iSuni of Money, which we assure Y'oa

lall be applyed faithfully to that purpose, and with

at most frugal iU\ You will herewith r«M*eive ao

Amhony Palmer. ^ 6/

mmUt^ from abroad is enhanced lu Priec^; if thro' the Jt^cay af Busiaess our Merehants fail, our Tradesmen Man( Employment, our Faimers are reduced to Pov* ^n^\ our InbabiiatiU remove, and our Laods and Houses fall far below tlieir present worth, all natural Consequences of an obstructed Xavigation, We beg Von would consider whether thes^ will not prove Bur- 'li«iis vastly heavieiv and to which that of Keep a \'essel to protect our IVade bears no proportion. We Uiing good GroundB to assure Vou that the loss sus- lained withiu one week only amounts to a mueh tar^^er Hum than would he neeeatsary to be expended in guard- ing our Coast for several Years. We shall only add ibai if there sfaou'd not be Money enougb at present in tlie Treaenry, a sufficient Bum might readily be raised ^^J way of Loan on *he Credit of a Vote of Your House* ^

ANTHONY PALMER • June 9th, 1748.

An Estimate of the Chare^e attending the Equipment of a Colony Vessel for the protection of Trade, &c.

THE VESSEL TO BE HIRED WITH HER ORD nance, Stores, Arms, & Amunition, about £800

P. Month £300 0 0

Giving the Owners Security to make good all Damages by En- gagement, or if lost.

120 Men, Commander & Offi- cers included, Wages, viz.:

Commander P. Month £13 0 0

Lieutenant, 10 0 0

2d Lieutenant, 8 00

Master, 8 0 0

Papers of the Governors,

litt*8— 2, @ m 10 s. each, 13 0 0

^iiueiv , , . 6 10 0

Irgeoa, , 6 10 0

irgeon's Mate, 5 10 0

frpeotor^ , * , 6 10 0

rpetiter's Mate^ 5 10 0

hui ler Masteia— 2j (^ £5 58, ea., 10 10 0

Abk> Heameu @ £5, 300 0 0

I Lnndsmen (w £3 10s 1*>4 10 0

£558 0 0

|( hKilliiijr l\n\ for IL'O Men }\ Month, . , , . 130 0 0

£988 0 0

t4Jirine Chpst for the Cruize £S5 U 0

Jmvs for OftiftM-s for the Cruize 45 0 0

luo for Hk* Conipativ far tht^ L'riiize^ 55 0 0

^185 0 0

AnlJiony Palmer. 69

to ihi} Flrtgg shou d not be paid \i\ hiui, as he has a Jamaif'ii Cargo un board j bal I liavif asuured him tbat imti the *Jharaeter Your Excellencj bears he will run iwvimitw of ihi*i kind, espei-iallj^ siiR-e I do hereby Ct^v- t'O that Jr* m preiss'd by me into the Service, €a|itii, Browiilow, ill one of the said Sloops eaU'd the Royal IfsinpT, waits on Voiir Kxeel len ry with thi8 IjC*tter, A (most heartily reeouiinend hliu as well a^ Mr. Bureh to

jmir fav(#r, not doubting Ihal every thing will be made

agreeable to theta,

I am, &e,,

ANTHONY PALME H.

Ilis Exrelleney Monsn De Chastenoy* tJovr. at Petit Goave.

Pass for the Captain of the Ranger to Go to Hispaniola with French Prisoners.

Philada., ss.

Br THE HONOUBABLE ANTHONY PAL- mer^ Eaq,^ President of tJie Province of Penn^yl- sylvania^ cfe the Government of the Loioer Coun- ties of New Castle^ Kent^ d; Siu^ex on Delaware : To all to whom these Presents shall come Greeting:

Wherea^^y I have authorized & appointed as I do by

these Presents authorise & appoint Brownlow\

Commander of the Sloop Royal Ranger, to wear & go under a Flag of Truce from this Port of Philadelphia to Leaganne, or to any other Port in the Island of His- paniolla, in order to carry Nine Prisoners of War, Sub- jects of His Most Christian Majesty.

These are, therefore, re<iuiring all & singular whom it may concern, to suffer the said Captain Brownlow with his said Slooj), Crew. & Passengers to pass freely and (piickly without any Let, hinderance, or Molestn

■	^ClHHl^H
	4 » Papers of the Governors, m to the aforesaid Island of HisimoioUaj Sc from ence to the Island of Jamaica, Given under mj and & Seal-at'Arms at Philadelphia aforeaaid, this d day of Maj, in the Tweutyfirst Year of Reign of in Majesty King George the Becondj Annoqz Domini, ANTHONY PALMER.
• stter to the Governor of New York Concerning the Attitude of Certain Indians. ) The inclosed Paper whtvh was this Day delivered by Mr. Weiser to the Council is deem'd of the last mseqnence. If yonr Messengers reaUy expressed emselve^ in the matter related by tlH> Cayj ackers.

Anthony Palmer, fi

J»n efirniMsl uf a raucli larger Presuut tiuw ready to be «fRt m I hem hy our Iiiteri>reterj Mr, Weiser, It is likewise rertniu that Jeaiousies are already raised in theinitidH of Indiana who are known to be Frtenda of fb Eij*fH»li hy this last Messuage, and shou'd they en- ^fmst\ we judge it will be exceedingly dlflfkuU to quiet Utir fears, whieb perhajjs wou'd not be of so great mo- mtt if it was not known that Indian Feara have as M ronf*eqnen<'es eb if they were in aeiual War. They •fie at lenat thui'^hy put upon cotiBiiltinij & ftiding ftidi f.*very body that may strengthen them against ^hfiM People of whom they are afraid. May not this proemlore, if real, throw them into the Measures of the Freofh Governor, and if Ihe Messengers did use such Expressions & were not authorized to do so* will ft not become absolutely necessary to set the Indians n^'ht? if they were authorized to declare War (for this is little else), shou'd not the Governments to the Soutb- \'ard of Xew York be duly apprized of this Step that I hoy may be prepared? If Your Excellency will be I'Icas'd to furnish the Council with Your Instructions 10 (be Persons sent to the Six Nations, & with the rela- tion they gave to Your Excellency of what pass'd be- tween the Six Nations & them, the Board from thence may be enabled to give a proper answer to the Indians at Shamokin & the other Tribes that Live on & near the Borders of this Province.

This Board has a high Sense of your Excellency's re- jrard for every thing that can conduce to preserve the Friendship of the Indians or remove ill grounded Jeal- ousies, & therefore write with the utmost freedom, sending a special Messenger that You and Your Council may be immediately informed of this im- lK)rtant piece of Intelligence, & that the Sentiments of Your Excellency may be conveyed to Us, in order to regulate our Conduct in an Affair of so much Conse-

J

Papers of the Governors,

pence to the Lives of His MajeB tie's Subjects dwelliog

all the rroviDces of North America.

I Your Excellency wHl be pleasM to observe the Mes-

coiues only fiom the Caj inkers, one of the 8ix

It ions; but ni»tw!thstanding this 8iugularHy in the

ssage, it may be in coiisefjueoce of a general Res^jlve

the Go unci 1 at Ononda^ro, for as this Cajucka Na-

l>Q claims property in the LandB & authority over the

[dians seated on the Watei-s of Hasquehauna, they

link all puhlick orders shou'd be imparted by them to

lese Tribes.

|The Indians wait at Mr, Weiser's for his Report, and is detained in Town till Your Exceikncy-s answer the return of the Express shall arrive. I am Your Excellcy's. most obedt. Servant,

ANTHONY PALMKR. lilada,, 18tb June, 1748- I His Extelky. Govr» Clin ton.

Anthony Palmer. 73

into CorMiat't hefun* hand vviili )iioi, ul) ailaiiH rt^l^iHn^ thet^to ar«* enUivlj^' lpf( io You, whiMciii vvt* re(*oiiinn/nd all th<> ftiii^iilitv (tin I ran runsiijil with tlu* Nnliii** uf

Sum t^xjifiiii* d ia (ht Pmuiiusi:^ of the Present-

As «*K>ri am You eofne to the plaot* of geneiul Ren- dlf^voim ymi nre to tnuify j^oar arrival in a Hjjeech t*j all thf* TrilH's. wherdn ^yuii art* to deal lu geDerats^ re^ serring all particular Mailers to your rioisiiig KEieiMli.

Vow are to 11 8e lilt' iitmotit djligeote to acquire a perfei.*! kiKiwledKe of the Niiiiiber, SitiiatioiK LH*sim>«i tioo, & *jlrHi^jth of all the Indians in or iH*ar tlio^^ partK, whether they be Friends, NeutralB, or Kneiuiea, Jt bfy very jiartirular in knowing the Temper & Iiifluetu e of the Tribes of Itidiaits who send Depatye to reeeive You, for by ihe knowledge of these matters You are tu reffiilate the di^trihutioji of tUr^ tTOods wbieh rw to be divided amongst them in as equal <& just a manner as possible, that all may go away satisfied, & none receive the Least Cause of Disgust at any undue preferenee given to others.

You eannot be at a loss for Matter from whence to form Y(mr Si)eeehes. The antient Enmity of the French to the Indian Nations, their perfidy upon all occasions, of which if any reliance can be had on the Articles of News in the IMiblick Papers you may give some late Instances in the Death of Taghananty the Black Prince, who perish'd in a Jayl at Montreal, & in the cruel Ti*eatment of the Indians in general at Canada, who are confined to loathsome Prisons without jiroper or wholesome Sustenance.

The Inability of the French to protect the Indians or to supply them with such Necessaries as they stand in need of for their Subsistence, These observations are what cannot but occur to You. Y'^ou may further en- large on the constant & antient Friendship of the Eng- lish^ & their readiness at all times to assist them

Papers of the Governors,

liust tlie AttfiLipts? uf ibe FiodcIk who have ever

^11 for desti'oviiig or enslaving them. Aud an ample

lid will be furnished to You io doiug Justice to this

lovince, whieh has ever shewn ihe greatest readi-

|ss to supply tbe Indians In iheiv most pressing Ne-

Bsi(ys, oieiitiouitig the several valuable PreseDts

ide them from time to time, i>artiiHilat'ly since the

Immeneeuieut of the War, instaadug the Govern-

[nts Presents at Philadelphia over & above the Price

their Lauds iti Ihe Year 1742, the large Presents at

kneaster & at Albany, A: then tbi- present occasiou

lU hear a peeuliar enlaigement, this Ooveroment

jviiig no isoouer heard of the Diatrewses of the Indians,

Ithat abuudatiee of Families tS: Youug \^'ar^io^s had

the eonveoienee of Hunting remov'd to the Waters

lOhio L^ Lake Erie, thiiii tbi^^ determio'd to si^od them

LSupply of Goods & Powder^ whieh in this time of

lareity they couVl tiave from no other Place. This

jdernests for those who out of every Nation had came

I

Anthony Pa! men 75

'''ilnrU'ti at Albau}, but tluit as by their digtatice tvom ^''iK i'liHH* the ItidiatiA un OJiio & Lake Erie may be ***ppos'd nut to receive iimcb H(*De(it from th** Albany ***T8erUt Thij^ is an additional Consideration why Ibis ^^«TerDineiu rhuses to bt* kind lo these Indians & assist ^tiem the readier when they are in distrt^ss, because ^ tiev i:-atin<»t without extreme difflentty get Huppiiefl ^t'oni other Places.

Od the otlier hajid, You are to use all tjieans in your T*ower to get from them all kinds of Intelllgenee as to VI bat the Fi^ench are doing or design to do in these T»arts, & indeed in every other Pla<e. You are not to satisfy yourself with generals, but to inform yourself truly & fully of the real dispositions of these Indians^ : & what dependant e can be had on them for the Beeurity of this Province, and for I he total prevention of all Hostilities within our Limits. Yon tire to make par- tieular Enquiry into the number and Situation of the Indian Nations between these People's Settlements on Ohio & the River Mississippi, &c., to the West of Lake Erie, since it is said there are several Indian Na- tions within these Limits & on the Lake Hurons & Ille- nois, who are disoblig'd with the French, & might easily be brought into the Amity of the English.

You will see by the Assembly's answer to the Coun- <irs Message, a copy whereof will be given Y^ou here- with, what Sentiments they entertain about War; and as they have the disposal of the Public Money it wou'd be wrong to urge the Indians to War, since no depend- ence cou'd be had on the Assembly to support them in sochan undertaking, and consequently any Encourage ment of this kind wou^d be to bring them into a Snare, and in the end might prove extremely hurtful. This fonsiderd, nothing of this kind must be urg'd by you, •^ if the Indians mention it themselves you need not be explicit, you are to tell them that this Point is not in vour Instructions, that your Business was to make them a visit & to be trulv informed of their Situation,

Papers of the Governors,

ho luinii tiieiii a viihiable Present — the most subs tan 111 Maik that can be jjiiveu ol the f;ieat affecHoii whieh lis l*rovitiee bears to their Frienda the Imliaas; & ltht\v insist any fniiher you are ta tell them tliat at jeir lu^taiH-e you will make a faithrul Kelatiuu uf |ory thmjjf giveu you hy them iti rbarge to the Ixovern-

■UK & to rransinit to tht^ tntlian*! ihetr Hesolves. it whatever Ytm do uu thit^ head» as a ^ood d€^ul nmst

left to Your di^ereLiou & Jiid|j^ment od aurh iu forma. Im as shall he ^iveii Vou, You are to take sjKH-ial Care ]*t to distddige riie ladiaati; or U\ any wise dimiiiish leir heartJnet^s for His Majestie^s Cause against the leDeh.

Vou are to niaki^ ijartieuhir EikiuIiv into the Be- Iviour of the Shaw7>nese si nee the i^onimenrement of |e War, & in reliuion io the CouTiteuaTiee they gave

Peter Chart ier, li jm [jroper h> Udl You that they |lented, made aeknowledfit^meots to the Ooveniment^

their Error in hehiir seihieM hv Peter Chart ier, &

Anthony Palmer. yjr

'IdiJirional Instructions to Conrad VVeiser with regard to Inquiry after Certain Abducted Persons.

Br THE noyoURABLE THE PRKSIDENT i£ (AniRcll of lh4 Prfnrmee of Pfmnsfjlvania. To Caurad Weis^M*, Esqr,, ludiau loterpreter*

Whereas^ We iiave received a Letter from tbe Gov- 'Tiiur nf iSoulh Carolina, a Copy w Hereof is herewith »eu(, iufonnitij? Cs ihat io or abonr t\m beginnini? iif .\jirll Ui«l» a party nf at Nattooyaws or some of I he Xtirtherii hidiaua have *arried olT into i^lavery some of ilii^ I a ha hi tan tf^ of the out |iattii of the Proviuee of !k>!Hh Cftiloina, partiruJntly uiieCaptn, ilaig, a Gentle^ man niiieh respected & Esteemed, & one Mr. Brown and itouie o t h er B. Y o a ai\^ h erehy f a r t h er I o s t !*ii e t ed , when jifou «jH*ak to the IndiaiiB at Ohio *o mention this AT- fair, & to make the strictest enquiry after them; and if vou can find out where they are carried to, you are to engage some of the Indians to sollicit for their dis- charge, now there is a Cessation of HostiliHes, or if this may not be practicable you are to desire that they may be well used till an opportunity shall offer of treating with the (iovernor of Canada «abont them. Oiven in Council under my Hand & the Lesser Seal of

the said Province at Philadelphia, the Twenty-sixth

day of July, 1748.

ANTHONY PALMER.

Letter to the Governors of Massachusetts Bay and Xew Y'ork Concerning Reasons Preventing the Appointment of A Joint Commission to treat with the Six Nations.

Philadelphia, June 2r)th, 1748.

SIR: I have the Honour of Yours of the 11th Instant, informing me of Governor Clinton's appointment of an Interview with the Indians of the Six Nations at

5 f'apers of the Governors. llmny tliu lOtb of the next Month, Sc of yoar Intendon he there, earnestly desiring 1 won'd cause Comniis^ oners to be sen I from this Governraeot to be present this Interview, The Coimdl, before whom T laid Your Letter, desire e to express their Contern that Your Cotirt did not ine to their B^^aoUiticm time enough to lay this Im- u'taut A flair before the Assembly, which has sat ^iee sinie th<^ Kith of May. They have, however, de* leratcd whether, notwithstanding their two late Bea- ms and rile {Season of the Year w^hieh, as the House usists mostly of Fanners, requires their presence to their t'ounlry JkisinesB, they shonVl not call them meet a thhtl time, vS: have ronelod^^d not to convene em J for that on former oeoasions of the like Nature e Asseniljly have expressly deelarM their J^entiments aiust eij^apn^ tht^ Indians to act offensively with the

Antliony Palmer,

79

Lcller sent an Expresn *o Governor Clmtoo on iDdian

Aa'airs, & expCM-titig the i^turn of their Messenger

^^erv Moment tbej postponed coming to a Resolution

nfHin i^ tlnnldti^ that Governor Clinton might have

ttt'h'd eome Instrnctioota from Hia Majesty relating

to till* wVffair and would impart them in his Answer,

hat hj>ii KxreIIi*y. takt*8 not the least Notice of tliis

laterriew* 1 oi\\y mention this in order to Bhew Your

tKHIeuey I lie n/ason why the return of the Post did

noc hrlug ynu the Couneirs answer, which it wouM have

dnne had they received Governor Clinton's favour time

enough,

The Council entirely concur in Bentiuient with Your Ejfcelk^uev, & shou'd be extremely glad to appoint some of their Members to wait on You, bat as they siaiiii rir rnmstanr'd thry are firmly of opinion the Com missrs. laid under such limitations would do more harm than good. My Af^e and Infirmities render such a Journey im])racticable for me, or none wou'd be more pleas'd to have the honour of waiting on You at Albany than, Sir, Your Excel leu cy's most obedient humble

Servant, ANTHONY PALMER. His Ex<cllencv Govr. Shirlev.

Utter to the Captain of the Man-of-War, Hector Welcoming: Him to the Port.

Philada., August 2d, 1748.

UR:

\J I have the Honour of yours of the 2Sth of July,

which did not come to my Hands till Yesterday

Jifternoon. The Council, to whom I communicated it,

expresses a good deal of Pleasure at your kind Inclina-

Papers of the Governors.

Lms (o favour tliis Ciiy vvitli yovir Compaay if the ppth of the Hivei woii-d perniitj & You woii'd have jiy canveuleiit y of Careeinog, As to the Brat, there le several caieful nnd kuowiog Pilots at Lewes^ who In give jou saHsfautiim on this head, particularly Ibiahaoi \\ iltbaiik A: John Mawle, and if they will |idertake to Pilot Yuu, as I hey know all the places of I tiger well, 1 beliiMe you may safely trust them. I In toid that Vew^elK of as larj^e a di-iu^lit of Water as le Hector hnve rome uj> heie, ik that at Ked Jlank, tfre laee of the i^reatest L^aiiger, the ('haiifiel is deeper ])w tbaii formerly, but a^ to the Nagivation you will

pleased fn ttike the Jidriee of the Pilols nt the Ca|H*8.

to the i^erniid point I run vt^ntuie to aKsure You that

|ere are ^^'bal'f9 here which your Hhip may easily lye

& with safety heavt^ down; tlu^ daufrer mostly appre-

l^iideil U\ tlie CtMHiiil is. tltnl ytiW will irol be able to

ailors; fins Pr^rt is 4in tliis aeeouut one of

Anthony Palmer. 8r

Imroductorj^ Message to the Assembly.

GtXTLEMEN: In pursuntjie of His Majesty's Commands, eig*

111 lied to tig by Ilia Giai'e the Duke of Bedford, wi^faare caosed His Majt^ty*^ Proelaniation for a Ces-

i of Arms to be Published bere, which by the Ad- ^ifcrt we ha%'e received we expect will soon be followed hjn Geueral Peace*

Sin<e your last Sitting we have again taken into Con- ^idiratioa the niisehteviouB Praetice of Carrying Rum (tbioik^ the Indiana, and Lave not only issued a I^roela- luiirion for |*reventiu*t it, but have ordered tlie Magis^ Tnifes of Laiieasler County to recommend it to Uie iimud Jury, f!iat the Delinquents may be prosecuted; fttiereapoti liills of Indi<*tnient have bet^n found against u ^leat number of (hem, which we hope will be Bome Cheque to this growing Evil, tho' we cannot expect a total Stop will be put to it until the Laws provided against selling Rum to the Indians be amended.

The latter end of June last we received a Letter from His Excellency Governor Shirley, acquainting us that an Interview wuth the Indians of the Six Nations was apjK)inted to be held at Albany on the 10th July, desiring that Commissioners might be sent from this tiovernment to be present at it to consult & join with the other Commissioners there; but taking into Con- sideration your Sentiments delivered to us in a matter of the like kind, and observing the Notice being so short tbat it wou'd scarcely afford time sufficient for con- sulting with You on this xVffair, and for appointing Commissioners with proper Instructions, we declined calling You together on this occasion.

The Information w^e received from the Cajukas had ♦'reappearance of a matter of the greatest Importance ^0 the safety of the People of this and the Neighbouring Governments; we, therefore, immediately dispatched

6— Vol. II— 4*)h Ser.

82 Papers of the Governors.

an Express with it to His Excelleiu^y the Governor of New York, whose answer together with the Informa- tion we received will be delivered you by our Secretary.

In consequence of the Letters which in our Message we acquainted you we had wrote to the Governors of Virginia and Mainland, the former has sent a Present for the Indians at Ohio, to be delivered them by Mr. Weiser with the Presents from this Government.

We have the Satisfaction to acquaint You that the Twightwees, a considerable Nation of Indians living on the River Ouabache, a Branch of Ohio, hitherto in the French Interests, being desirous of entring into Friendship with the English, communicated their In- tentions to the Indians of the Six Nations at Alle- gheny, who conducted their Deputies to Lancaster, where a firm Ti*eaty of Friendship & Alliance has been established between us. This must necessarily strengthen the English Interest in general among the Indians, contribute greatly to the Security of our In- habitants in time of War, and tend considerably to the enlarging our Indian Trade, especially as we are as- sured by the Twightwee Deputies that not less than rwelve towns in their Neighbourhood are equally de- sirous with them to become our Allies, and settle a Correspondence with us; & that they only waited to know the Success of their Negociations, when they would make the like Application. Shou'd this be ef- fected, besides the advantages already mentioned the Intercourse between the French at Canada & the Mis- sissippi would be greatly interrupted, the nearest & most convenient Passage being thro' those Towns. For other Matters of less Moment transacted at that Treaty we shall refer you to the Treaty itself. You will be pleased to order Payment of the Expences ac- crued on this & other necessary occasions, an Account whereof will be delivered to You.

ANTHONY PALMER, President,

August 24th, 1748,

Anthony Palmer. }l^j^

To the Assembly Concerning the Delay in Providing for the Expenses of the Treaty with the Indians at Lancaster.

GENTLEMEN: Wt* expected that on the Receipt of our Message ynu would have provided for the Expeoce accru- mg oil the Treaty held with ttie Indians at Lancaster. Mu} wt^if* not a little disappointed wL€*n we found by vour Me«sagt-* of yesterday thai you tiad not then taken it into Consideration. As any tonsiderahle delay will, In our opinion, reflei-t a dishonour on this Government ^ wt? find ourselves nuder a Necessity of entreating you 10 oi"^er the Payment of the necessary Charges accni- iug on that Treaty before you adjonrn, since if it be ptmipooed the People may be long kept ont of tht*ir ilouey. this beintj osually the last Sir tinf? of your House on Business. Besides it would be a particular Satis- faction to the Board that the necessary Expences which have accrued during our Adminstration in the Public Service shou'd be honourably discharged.

ANTHONY PALMER, Presidt. Septr. 2d, 1748.

To the Assembly Concerning Certain Criticisms of that Body Regarding the Strictures of the Council upon the, late Premature Adjournment of the House.

GENTLEMEN: Should we give you a particular Answer to your last Message, it wou'd probably draw on a Contro- versy which we on many accounts desire to avoid.

By comparing your Message with the Resolves of this Board, it may be seen how little Candour and ingenuity l8 to be expected in the Course of such a dispute; your

Papers of the Governors.

leerviug That we Imve Censiu d a pari of your former lesiisage fur its obscurity as heiri^ evasive, &e„ & |iotiii^ atiotbur part of it wliicb we did Dot object

(Hi (liat accouiit, fcS: voiir droppiofj material words in Ik* middle of a Sentence, where they did not serve your lirpose, t'tc, are a few of the many Instances we might Induce, were w^e to enter the Argument; but as Ruch a linrt'overyy may bo attended with a considerable Ex- |uct% and as things are now ch^cnmstanc'd, can bring l» advantage to the Publick, we shall decline it, hVe are not accouutahitf to each other for our Cou- jici; His Majesty *S: the Freemen of this Province are V proper Judges of it; to them we can safely appcaL IsK we had no Party views, no Personai Interest or Inver io support, we shall the more readily be Indievcd |[ji II we declare tha* he have acted on the sole Motive

the l*ublhk Good. It is well known that during our Idmiiiistration our Cnnr has tieeii cliielly empbH'd in \e Her vice o!' the Couptrv, bv iiHiat: ail itii*ans in tniv

Anthony Palmer. 85

The tingle point between uu, as* we coueeive* is, tli^tber your Couduct ur uur's Ima eonti'ibtHed most to the Pubikk 8trvi* e, and 00 tbat point we will leave it Hilbout entring into a fruiUegs Debate ou the Snb-

m*

ANTHONV PALMER, PieQidt, Septr, ad, 1T48.

Utter to the Governor of Virginia Concerning the Murder of Mr* Haig by the Indians and regarding the Seizure of a French Ship Destined to the Pro- vince of Pennsylvania.

Philadeiphia, 81 h Oetr.. 1718.

SIR: I wou'd haye answer d jour Letter rolatinj^ io Mr. Haig sooner, but as our Interpieter, who had the Enquiry of this Gentleman given him in Charge at (he Instance of tlie (tovv. of Carolina, was daily ex- |j(Mted from Ohio, I chose to delay it that I might write something certain.

I have the mortification to tell you that Mr. Weiser, in an imperfect Diary whicli he sent to me as soon as l«e arriv'd among our Inliabitants, says Mr. Uaig is actually Murdered, and his Man, one Brown, was deliv- h'(] to him by some Indians of the Senaca Nation. For fuither Particulars I must refer You to my next, en- tivating you wou'd advertize Mr. Glenn of this Melan- «lioly Story, & assure him of my best respects, & that 1 shall do myself the Ilonour to inform him of every Circumstance attending the Murder, & assist in bring- itijj the Murderers to Punishment.

Justice will not suffer me to omit informing You of a Story that prevails here as if a French Ship, bound for this Port with Letters from the Governor of His-

Papers of the Governors.

>la lo nie as President, & with a Cargo of Hiigais*

Inaknl to di8t:bat"ge a Hari^oni due to the Owners

Ic l*i'ivuteer Tatidour, fmiii a Freurii Meiihiint at

laiJiie, was selz'd & a<*tijally Coiitieinird with her

lo ill the Court of Adiuiralty at Williamsburg, for

Iher leaBon tJiaii that the Papers she farried were

joB'd to be faliie; whereas the Presideut & Council

|ie Petition of the OwuutB of the Pandour, & from

strongest l^riueiples of Justice, wrote to Mousr.

Itesiio^e to oblige that Merchant, one Rasteau, to

large that Debt^ bj the Delay wiiereof the Faith

|il]otiB was extremely violated, aud in Consequence

jf this shou'd have been done by Hills of Exchange

|d Franee; how they eame to send Bugais I cannot

jnt for; but I assure You tlio W^ssei shou'd not

I bet*n peruiilled to liave broke bulk hi*re, but have

I sent baek direetlv. tho' consideriug the reality of

)ebt, it the Public k Faith due to tlie Inst ru men rs

JAMES HAMILTON.

Lieutenant Governor. 1748-1754.

.87)

"\

Chapter II.

JAMES HAMILTON.

Lieutenant Governor,

1748-1754.

HIMSELF AN AMERICAN AND THE SON OF A former Speaker of the provincial Assembly, Gov- ernor James Hamilton came to his office with (|ualilJcation8 which rendered his comprehension of his duties easier than that of his predecessors. He Wccessfuly satisfied the complaints of the Indians west of the Susquehanna by peacefully removing the white fipttlers thence to equally desirable locations elsewhere. The French and Indian troubles continued to be threat- «iing along the western border, despite the treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle and the question became an active one. The discussion of the means of raising funds for pro- vidiu}: for this was prolonged and unyielding on cither sides. Paper currency bills, which were proposed and pressed by the Assembly were disapi)roved by th(» Gov- «nor, who had received from the Proprietaries instruc lions to so treat any such bill which did not place the ' whole of th<? interest at the disposal of theuiselv(^s or their deputies. Unwilling to disclose so unn^asonable 8 pretext for his action the Governor assigncnl various trivial objections which resulted in widening the breach between himself and the Assembly and cul- minated in his retirement from office after a term of •^rvice extending from November 1748 to October 1754.

(89)

Papers of the Governors.

Proclamation Continuing Officials in Place.

\Y THE HONOUKABLK JAMES HAMILTON, Esqr,, Lieutenant (iovernor and Connnander-in- Cbief of the Province of Pennsylvania and Couu-

ties of New Castle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delawai^;

A PROCLAMATION,

Foramnueh ae the Honourable Thomas Penn nnd Rieliard Penn, Esquires, true und aljsoUite Proprietaries ^ Governors- in Chief of the Province of Pennsylvania and Conn ties of New Castle, Kent, and i^iis4H(*x, on Delaware, have been pleased by their Commission, under their Hands and Seal, bearin;r date the i^eventeenth Day of Mareh last, to constitute and ap- point WW to be their Lieutenant Oovernor

James Hamillon, 91

Twtuf} -third I)a> of this Tu^ratit, Novemhet", held or

**iijo^ved any Oflkt uf Trust ov Trodt iu this (.to?<51*d-

imui, by virtue of any such ComuiiHsioti a« aforesaidj

tiJmll fotitiuue to hold auj enjoy the same uuUl the/

bf (ietermined by me as aforesaid, or by other sufficient

Aulliority* And 1 do further heix*by command and

require all Magistrates, Oflieers, and Commi8siotier»

whataoever, in whom any pubiiik Trust Ib reposed in

fhis IJovernmeru that they diltgentij proceed in the

jMTformance and discharge of their respective Duties

lliE'ieiD for the Safety, Peace, and well-being of the

Hjiiue.

GiTen nnder my Haod and Great Heal of this Provini'e at Philadelphia the Thirtieth Day of Notember, in the Ti^^enty second Year of the Reign of our SoTer* eign Lord, George, the Seconds King of Great Britain, France, & Ireland, Defender of the Faith, &ca., Annoqz Domini, 1748.

JAMES HAMILTON. By his Honour's Command, Richard Peters, Secretary. GOD SAVE THE KING.

Introductory Speech to the Assembly.

H. SPEAKER AND GENTLEMEN OF THE General Assembly —

I should have called you together immediately after my Arrival if I had either observed or been in- formed His Majesty's Interest or that of the Country f^uired it; but as no Necessity of that kind appeared, I forbore to give you the trouble of meeting in Assembly More the time Yourselves had appointed for the Dis- patih of Public P.usiness.

■		^^^^H
	: Papers of the Governors. It is with great i»loasure I naw see you met iii yaur ?^islativt^ Cajiarilj, t^ very ^^ladly embrace the op- ii'tiinity W aft'ui'ds me ot sij^iiityiDK to you, by the press Command of the honourable Proprietaries, the ■eat AtTer'tion (hey bear to the Inhabitants of this rovinee. the earnest lies ire thev have to preserve ^aee & Concord amonn^ them, & the particiTlar satis- ( tiun they receive by their Welfare & Prosperity; and t i know them to be perfeetlj sineere in their profes- ons, I have not the least apprehension but they will eet with siiitaljle Returns of GratHude from You* Having been for some time absent, it cannot be pre- im'd the Condition & Circumstances of the Country ■e ^n well known to me as to fientlemen who have njt^taiitly n^sitledon the Spot, i^' who beiii^j; the Kepre ■ntative Tlody of the People are to he siippo8-d boat Mpiaiutetl wilh tVuAv real wanls & expee^Ttions, hen^foiT 1 ^liafl f(jr the presi'iii derUtu^ hiyinjf any
1	■

James Hamilton.

93

la su|>porl them in tho enjovnit-iM of all Iheir Just lik\m Si lViviIegi8, smve wIuhh^vlt the time shall tome ill which 1 shall cease to be tbeir Uoveniop & ret- km io a private Htatioii, 1 shall liaci luyself, my huiily^ & Frieuds equally artected with every other IVrioo by any injury the CoOBtitutioD may Btifcr under EiK Adtiiinstratioii.

Uliall conclude what 1 have to say at this time with (fflireatiiig yon that all Traima* tiony between us may be carried on with Candour & Modern t inn as the most ef- fmual irieanij of avoidini^ disa^^ieeahle animosities »ud uniting us in the intrict Bands of Frieudjahip & iiiTHmtl Confideiiee, 80 necessary for th^ jmbjie Good. Tliiit iM what 1 will endeavour hy every method in my hjwer, and 1 have no reason to doubt that you, Gen thnen, are now eome together with like Bentlmefilt^ & Irtclinationi!.

JAMES HAMILTON. January :3d, 1748-9.

To the Assenil^lv Concerninf>" tlie Poor Bill.

GENTLEMEN: 1 have cousiderM willi I he jireatest Attention tJie Bill entitled '*An Act for ainendin<!: the LawH M'lating to the Poor, «S: for the better appointment of ^Herseers of the Poor within the City of Philadelphia/' ^: perceive it contains many new «!s: wise Provisions, ^•niding to the Utility of the Inhabilants of this Ci(y •^Province, yet as the greatest pari of the Bill consists '>f t'huises revoking Powers given by several formei* ^'•Is, i^' establishing N<»w in their IMaces without as ^i^ningany Cause for the alteration. I cannot pass it as 't stands.

	* Papers of the Governors. It would havf biteii very agn^eable to me could I have ol yon down the Bill under AtnendrnentH, but as a lall Trial eonviiu'd iik^ the parts, in my opinion neees vy were bo inseparably wove into the refrealing a uses thai: the Attempt must end in obscurity & a 1 til ess wasting your Time* I wish any method cou'd be fallen upon to preserve e new & truly valuable Provisions in the BilU To em you may always be assured of my beai-ty eoncur- nce. JAMES HA5fILTO^\ February 1st, 1748.
To the Houj^e Conceniinf]: I lie Paper Money Rill. GENTLEMEN:
	■

James HamTiton, 95

To the assembly concerning the Act for Intestate

Estates.

GEXTLEMEN: (.'poo tongidprin^ that part of the Bill relating to {hit* digtributjoa of Intestates Estatea, &c*, whkh camrertis tii€' Probate of Wills, & the Message I ra-eiv'd from you on I he A mend meats by me pro* pofi'd, J tlud it a Matter of great rinporlaQce and at- tended with sottiK difiieiilty. Aa to the other Pai-ts of j( I approve of theai, & am ri^ady to give my Asaeitt fortbeir ht*iog pat^sed into a Law*

If the I^aws t elating to the Probate of Wills shall l^Mliought to waot Atuetidiijent I ehall always be ready i<j take iuto Coesiderarioii any Bill that shall be pre- [liifd far that purpose.

JAMES HAMILTON, February 3d, 174S.

Further to the Assembly Concerning the poor Bill.

GENTLEMEN: The Bill now before me for amending the Laws relating to the Poor, & for the better appointment of Overseers of the Poor within the City of Philada., Wng of considerable Length and of great consequence to the Publick, the necessary corrections & alterations will require time and deliberation; & as many of you liave l>een long from your Families and are desirous to adjourn, I imagine it will be agreeable to you to <i»'fer the further Consideration of them to another ^Hsion.

JAMES HAMILTON. Februarv 4th, 1748.

Ue

Papers of the Governors-

Proclamation announcing the Peace of Aix-la-Ch

pelle.

BY THE HONOURABLE JAMES HAMILTON Esfin, Lieutenant Govi\, & Commander in Cbmi of tlie Proviuie of PentiBjIvuDia & Counlies c >iew Castle, Kent, and SusseXj on Delaware.

A PROCLAMATION.

WA^^ea^^ Hi8 Majesty has iatek thought fit to issue His Royal Ptoclama- tion hi the words foHowing viz: U, R.:

*MF7i^r^a^, a Definite Treaty of Peace and Fiiendsbip between Us, the Moet Christian Kln^, &. the Stiites (leneral of thi* United Provinees hatti been conoltided at Aix-hi riiap(^He the seventh Day ol (h'ti^her hiSt, to wliith tin* r^mjtresis,

James Hamilton. 97

Will & Pleasure the same should be pablisbed at all tbt* proper places in my CiOvemmeDt, I have, therefore, ia obedieuci* to the Royal Ordt^r signified to iTie as iiforesaid, with the advice of the Council, caused the said Prciclauiatioo to be this Day published, And do b(*reby strietly charge & co nun and all His Ma}estie'n Subjeets within this Province to take Notiro of His Hoy a I ] 17// and PU^mure therein, & t*o n fo r m t h eni s e 1 re s tk^retu aecordioglj.

Given under xuy Hand aud the threat Heal of the Pro- Tin ee of PeDiisylvania, at Philadelphia, this iSeven- teeoth Day of May, in the Twenty -second Year of the Reign of oar Sovereign Lord, George the Becoiid, Kin^ of Great Biitain. France & Ireland, &ea., in the Year of our Lord One thousand seven hundred and f Off y nine,

JAMES HAMILTON By His Honour's Command, Kichard Peters, Sec'ry. (WD SAVE THE KING.

Letter to the Governor of Maryland Concerning the service of a Writ by Samuel England & William Hay on a Tract of Land South of the Temporary Line in Talbot's Manor.

SIR: Your Letter of the 10th of February, contain- ing a complaint against Willm. Hay & Samuel England for Misbehaviour to your Government, came not to my Hands till the middle of March, which is a circumslance I think it necessary to acquaint you with, least you may imagine I have not paid you sq great a regard to wdiat you are pleased to mention to me, as

7— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Goveniors.

le Importanue of Hie thing & jouf reeommendatiou of Ijiistlj require at my UaudB,

]l assure you, Hir, I bave uothiDg more at heart than

pre^nx* Peace on the Bt>rders of the two Govern-

imia, for which piii-{.»ose 1 tio sooner reeeiv'd your

^tter than without delay I apply'd to make the Eu-

bries that are necessary to lay that Matter in a clear

pt hefureyoUj which I apprehend i^ not fairly stated

the Affidavits you were pleased to transmit to me.

Iiis I ttutter'd myself I should have been able to have

jne by the present Conveyance, but having been disap-

linted in the examination by the absence of certain

|*isons whose lesthiiaDies I am told are considerable

the Case, J unist beg your patleiue sometime longer

ll 1 can fully inform myself of the whole Transaction,

litl if it i^hall he ton ml tli<^se People have acted against

|i* Royal Order, I J^liall not heatltate one Motuent to

what is incumbent on me in au AtTaic wherc^io the

art* (»f the two Pi'ovinces is so ueurlv concerned.

James HamUioii. 99

That tme ^ttt'Iaiaii soiuetimf^ before {hv Ymv HOG "r 17uT rleait'tl & wds possestied of u Tnn t oif Land, fi^iM of the Itve hundred Acrt*s Llauned by Joaeph Ew^- laod m liU life time. That aoiiiininiv in thuee Year* out' *Iame*5 Urovvw punhased it from 8teelmati* took |>oftS4^9i»iou ot ik ueeupied it until the Year 1713, when ilvifi^ be devised it to his Son William Urown. The 1 H'viwin* eiifer'd iuti» i* ^ wooii afiitr in thai jyt'ar, und<*r the Pr©i>rjeLoi*s of rennajivanla. Surveyed Five htin* tired Acres of l«and« including Sttelrnaus hn proved <Jriiiifid. I'Udta' thi*! W'armtii A: Hiirvey WilUani Brawn continued seized imtil the V'eiir ITKi* lu that yeiir he died ^ left the jjosseasion in lu« Widow Kwlher* Slu* sold th^ five hundred Aeiei* In rienjaniin Yiains of the Citjr of Philadelphia, who afterwards in (he Year 172") sold the same to Joseph Knghiad, I ran not find fronj any of fhe rh^[H^Miti(»riH thai Si^v^Iiiiutl eiUier of the Browns, the Widow Esther, Benjamin Vining, or Joseph England, through all thesi* Transartions, ever did any any Acts that shew they lield the* Land under Lord Baltimore or own(»d obedience to the Jurisdiction or the Laws of Maryland. On the contrary, as a point derisive*, it apiK*ars Joseph P^ngland, who was in pos- session of the Land when the Royal Order was made, did at that time acknowledge obedience to the Juris- diction «.V: Laws of this Province by paying Taxes in & serving as a Juryman for the County of Chester.

To prove these Matters you have Copy of the Survey, Vining's Deed, cV: Sundry Depositions inclosed.

As I apprehend the Settlements of Robert Mitchell & Mary McFadein are within the ^v(' hundred Acres Surveyed & Possessed, as far as ])ossession can be without actual cultivation of the whole under this Province, [)ermit me from the DejKJsitions transmitted lo observe with respect to their Rights under your Proprietor, that John Dawson says Steelman took up Two hundred Acres of Land in Talbot's Manor under a Maryland Right. When he was examinVl in this Pro-

0 Papers of the Governors, Kf\ which is in oahuv of a cross examination upoo J ex [mrii^ DeiJOsiLion (aken in yours, he declared he ew not of any Higlit Sti^i^linau had to settle the Laud der either Province, Jeremiali Brown, the Boo of owu the purchaser from Bteeliiiau, says the same. m have tlieir Depositions iuclose<l. But can yon ink it agreeablri to reason or the Interestg of th*^ reral I'roprietors to admit general declarations, fre- eutly founded on hearsay & oplniOD, as sofHeient idence to prove their granting rights, when snch Acts L^ always in writing, & for the most part pubiickly JTistered? 1 can't thid from the Depositions with certainty that tc'hell iJt McFadi-4n or those they claim under^ were possession at the time of the Royal Order. 8ome nrial words intimate the Land was always possessed, d in the words of the Deposition deemed under the rd Baltimore, But as such possession is capable of J re particular proof, cerliiinly it oii^^it to be gi^en.

James Hamirion/. roi

Anj of rliese Acts, at or just before tlie time of tbe

%aJ Order, properly tei^tiBed, will give HiiLisfii^Miim

rbar tUvy beld under ^our Cjovernmeiit. But if no sueli

Fads, or some others e^juivaleQt, eau be made ap|K*fir.

&ik*y bad no rigbts uoder jour ProprieU*t\ tbc^y sbou'd

hi' regaided by botb Governments as freebooters*

And then beini* i>o&9eseed of part of a tract of fjand

i^rveyed noder tbe Proprietors of Peunsjlvania tliey

ougbt to be eonsider'd as Persona holdin*^ under them,

for under them they must hold if under any. Bbou^d

tins rt-iisoning, jimt as it appeari^ to me, be contravened,

perhaps it may )^bake the possessory Rights of many

who hold I^nds near the borders as under your Pro

prietor,

I can't approve of the method taken by yoor Courts k Officers in gending Complainants against our Inhab- itants about Crimes done near the Borders, & wherein jurisdiction is concerned, to your Jurys. It is not un- likely the Courts & Jurys in each Province may differ in Sentiment about the same Rights & the jurisdiction depending upon them. Experience has shown they have done so, & what were the Consequences? The King's Subjects were punished in one Government for wlmt was deemed lawful & right in the other, & sacri- ficed by the disagreement of two independent Powers. To remedy these Mischiefs was the Royal Order made, & the several Governors are thereby specially required (0 prevent them. To You then ought the application ^0 be made in the first Instance, and upon Notice I '^honld not have failed to do the injured Parties justice ^^ far as my Power extended. I may mistake, & shall ^^'ith pleasure be convinced, but to me it appears clear ^hat in point of jurisdiction in criminal matters the first •"^nd only resort on this side the Water ought to be ^0 the several Governors, and to His Majesty in the last.

I send you Samuel England'^ Deposition, from whence I believe you will have reason, as I do, to doubt

i

2 P?^^^ of the Governors. • ' *^ « i trutli of ffliat Mitchell lia» dt'po^sed coEcei^ing iiy^B.tlH'iiing liiui or any otlwr out of post^se^Bioii. It Ly^JjJrhaps, bu objected that England is Interested in lat be declares; tbe same maj be eaid against Mit- [^IJj wbo swore to avoid a contraet that ought to bind u if he was not forcibly tum'd ouL Tbe very Papers filed by Joseph Englaiiti, as sent me, is sitong evi- ^lee that Mitchell gave up bis possession by Cotitract, svas not i*enioved by force. 1 will but mention it^ be :as'd to enquire into the Characteis of England & kheil, & yotiH easily deter mi »e to whom Credit ght to be given. You'll pardon me, I catt't easily comprehend what 11 mena by refjuinng my assitHuce in bringing Bam^ 1 England to Justice^ in your Province, when Vim say was ap] flying to some of your Officers for a Ijea&e. ? was then in your I'ower if you had thought proper exercise it. & 1 suppose, aw you represent the Case.

■

BliETUKE? Jodlaus:

Janies Haniilton. 103

Speech to the Six Nations Indians. UKEN OF THE HIX UNITED NATIONS OF

In the fe^peecLi you madf to ii^ the othei* Day .Ton toid 08 that at a Council at Oaoutago it was con- itider'd that no AuBwei' a» yet had heen made to a {»r0poea! of the Governois olf i'euusylvatiia in behalf of the Goveruiueui of Virginia couceruing a Peace be- rweeti the Hix United Nations & the Catawhas, & that tbe Cuondl of (ht* said Nations agreed to send Deputies lu FhiladiJphia for that purpose, as well aa to CO0* ^rariilato me on lu^v arrival, ik to lod^e a Complaint 'tgainst some of the Inhabitants of this Fioviiiee for (lie Jj4ettlements not yi*t pureliased from jou. Brethren: ^H

1 f*oiihi havp wfwhert (hnt nil tlif l>p[Mitir*s4 luid ar^ rived, but since the others did not come, & you had pro- ceeded so far as to Wyomen, You did well in resolving to come to Philadelphia to our Council Fire, at which I kindly receive you as true Deputies from the Six United Nations, & heartily bid you welcome; in token whereof I give you this

String of Wampum. Brethren :

You further informed us that an Account having been given of some white Peoph^^s making Plantations on your side of the Blue Hills, the Council at Onontago had given it in charge to the Deputies to make a Com- plaint of this; that staying so long at Wyomen you had an opportunity of having it confirmed to you that sev- eral had settled there, & some since my arrival, and you desire to know whether this is done with the Consent of this Government or in Consequence of any Orders I have brought from the King or the Proprietaries; and if not, that they may be instantly removed. Breth- ren, as this Governmenl stands engag'd to you by

		■^^■■H
	1 i'apers of the Governors* not to suffer any of tbeir Teople to settle ua lill thej are purcbas^d by ilui Proprietaries, they ^ver etideavour'd faitbhilly to observe this En- en 1 by causiDg it to be proclaimed that Done J on the highest PeoaltieSj presume to settle on i^Bt side of tliat ridge of Mountains wtiich is tlie ary between us and you; yet, notwithstanding Proelainations^ some have been so audat-ious as liei-e, but they have been forcibly removed & their tions brolie up & deatroy'd, en: e you thestroiigesL assuraocoB that tliese People or had the least countenance from the Govern- or what they have done, and that I have received lets from His Majesty or ihe Prot>rietarJes in of them, And that I am heartily inclined to 11* most effect nal Care that these nnwarrantahli* netits be not made, as all sur-h are against ttu*
	■

mt is as a^ec'able as if it was of mora^H

In return, tlie ^^ood I'eopl*^ of {h\^ Vro^^

James Hamilton. 105

of thviv Affairs in any one wbo has heartier IncliiJa- tiotjg* to do you ^iervire (Lau I liav<% so that I shall on all oceasloDfi stiidj & promote your true lotereBt, to which I am strongly itujjt^n'd, not only by luy own Af- fei^tion ass b<*iug a Native of the Country, but by the lattdable Example of my PreNiecessors, & above all by ihe |4eastire I kuow any Good T ^hall do you will givt^ (o the Honorable Proprietaries, whose Commands I have reiK-atedly received to be sui'e to be kind to [In Indiaug, Fo Tos^tiuiony of the Biiiei*rh v of lay love foj you 1 prest'irt you with this

String of Wanipuin, Bret hreu :

The value of a Present arises principally from the Affection with which it is given, and Youra, therefore, on this Acc'ount Vi^nl worth. I vinte, sensible of the trouble and fatigue so long a Journey must needs have given you, & in token of their EsttH^m for the Six Nations who appointed You on the Deputation, have provided a Present of Goods which they desire your Acceptance of; the Secretary will read the List, & the Interpreter will deliver them to you when you please to receive them.

The (lovemor gave the List of Goods to the Secre- tary, who read it. Hrelhren:

I now return an answer to Assuehqua, who gave this String in behalf of the Conoy Indians. I am sorry to say that these Indians have misrepresented the fact, for on the Information I have received from the Proprietor's Officers, this I>and, which is but a Small Piece where their Town stood, was not reserved out of tht^ir Grants of the Lands sold by the Six Nations; but at that time the t'onoy Indians being desirous to continue there, pre- vail'd w ith the Six Nations to ask this as a favor from the Proprietaries, while they (the Conoys) remaia'd

»]|n

Papers of the Govemurs-

it, and at their lo^tanee the Piojirietarles grauted liem this favour, & they iniglit bave lived there till liw"; but AB they uhosi^ voluutanly to go away* & sigui^ \d this h\ a String of Wampum to the Govemmeut, pey bad leave acrordiogly to go to Juuiata or else- |ben\ You i-aanot but know the 8ix Nations bave jeqaently desired the Proprietaries oot to give Money

any tributary Nations for I^nd. ^K: as these CoDoys [e anvh they would have reason to tiod fault with the Iroprietaries should tbey pay them any thing, espeei- |ly us they buve already ^i%en to the Six Nations a iluable Consideration for it; I eontirm this by J A 8 1 ring of Wutui*uni,

m Piei-es of Htrowds. 5 dox. of Ej4>okiug Olasses,

h l*iens of SiiiiR-d iluf H (riore of A wl lllades,

I flills. 1*1 Groce of Garteiing,

II Pieivs* of Half Thii ks. l-l Piei es of iiiblwn, |} Half nart>ls of i Jun ^l Pitr^e^ of l*t»d iai e.

James Hamilton.

107

Proclamation Directiti|^ tlie F^emoval of Settlers on the Lands of the Six Nations,

6V TUK UOXOT'RAllLE JAMKH ff A MILTON, K>;iji\, r.ieijtf^nani (iovi^iiHn- ^S: Coiumaader in* CIiit*f of rhe rrovinio of PfHin»ji'lraiiia & Cotmties of New Castle, K^nt, & Bussex, on Dt'Iaware,

A PROCLAMATION.

MAereas^ Tin- llepuHi^H of the Benekas,

at a Tivutj lately lie Id ar J*hilada., corp*

plafried lu iiit\ in l>ehair of the Six IJtnied

Nation*?, that eontrary to the Tenor of a

ronnei- Treat v now BubBietiiig^ between

tiLrin & this Gov&t'nnient, & without their

Consent, diTi^rs IVr^^oiifJi, Inhahitautfi of

thi.^ Provinee. have i^ruled theni shelves vS:

^^^\ \ Families on Land)^ not purchased of tliem,

* lying Westward t»f the Plue Hills, very

*Uueh to their Hurt, earnestly prayed that they should

b^ forthwith reraov'd, to prevent the bad Consequences

ttiat might otherwise ensue. And forasmuch as these

l^ersons have neither Lycence from the Proprietaries

Hor colour of Title to the said Lands, & to permit them

to stay there wou'd not only be a breach of the Publick

I^aith given to the Six Nations, but may occasion dan-

j^erous Quarrels with them, & be the Cause of much

Kloodshed; Therefore for preventing these Mischiefs

1 have thought fit, with the advice of the Council, to

is8ue this Proclamation; & do hereby, in His Majesty's

^'ame, strictly charge, command, and enjoin all &

^vety the Persons who have presumed to settle in any

part of the Province Westward of the Blue Bills to

ivinove themselves, their Families & Effects, off those

^'«>nd8 on or before the first Day of November next;

*^*»<i in Case of their Neglect or Refusal, I do, in His

•^fajesty's Name, strictly charge & command all &

^^'^vy the Justices of the Peace, Sheriffs, & Officers

Papers of tlie Governors.

|il]HU this Province, whose Assistaure iiiay be oeces- r^v, that tliey^ immediately after the eaid first Day nf jvemher, cause the Delinquents, with their Families hd Effects, to be removed otT the said Lands, as jt^ Liiw to such Cases directs. And hereof all Persons [tit ernod are to take Notice, and not to fail in their ledience, as they will answer the coutrary at their priL

iveo undor my Hand & the Great Seal of the Pro- vince of Penni^ylvania, at Fhiladeliihia, this Eigh- Iteeoth Day of July, iu the Twenty-third Year of jthe Reign of our Sovereign Lord, George the Second, JKing of Great Britain, France, and Irelaod, &ca.. And in the Year of our Lord One thousand seven I hundred iJt forty-nine.

JAMES HAMTLTON. Yr His Honour *s Comma nd, [liichard Peters, Secretary, GOD SAVE THE KTOG.

the Assembly Concerning the Late Treaty with the Dcjiutie^ nf the Six Nations,

James Hamilton.

109

ihrn^ eoucluded thej were prevented bj some uufori* wsm Accident, & tberL^fore, being so far ou I heir Joanie>% tUey deleruiined to pay a visit to tbeir itreth- rt'U (if tbis ProviiJ<-e, ^: so came here thf^ beginning of tlielajst Mouth. I refer you to the Minutes of Coimcil, which will be herewith deUver'd to You, for their Basi- m^»s. As Mic Province bad beeti put to some Expeace h} rliem, I hey were told on their Departure if they met tbu other Deputiefc^ to inform tbem what they had done lifiPe and perswade them to ivtiirn, Si it seems they dtd inti't them, but whether they deliver'd this Message «f Bii t have no aicoutit; if they did it had no Kltect, t^^r tJify are now on tiie l^oad ^ expected here every \k\\ Vo 11 will, t h ere f o r e , h e [j 1 ea sed to take t he uecx*S' i*afy t'ure for their ReceptioD.

Mr Weiser having defrayed the Expences of the Last Indians in their Journey to and from this City, I ad- vauc'd him the Sum of Sixty Pounds on his goni*^ away. Uemust by this time have hiid out a considerable Sum fiiore, which you will be pleased to order Payment of; And tlio' from your long knowledge of his Merit, it Hiijrht be unnecessary in me to say anything in his favour, yet as the Last Sett of Indians did Damage to Ws Plantation, & he had abundance of trouble with flnin & is likely to meet with much more on this occa- •^ion, I tannot excuse myself from most heartily recom- mending it to You to make him an handsome Reward lor Lis Services.

JAMES HAMILTON.

To the Assembly Concernino^ the Poor Bill.

GENTLEMEN : According to your Request last Session, I send you the Bill for amending the Laws relating to the I'oof. with Amendments. I hope it will appear to you

3 Papers of the Governors.

Cou»ideratioD that the Matters I Uave ihrni^^ht

lopor to be omitted are amply provided for hy the

\w^ now aiibsiatiug, and that all ibe ut?w Provisions

:idirig to the Utilitj of the Inhabitants of this City

Provmce aie retained, as nothing ean afford uie

eater pleasuit* tUan Unauiaiity in the two parts of tbe

^gislature.

JAME8 H.\M1LTUN. lAugust lUtii, 1749,

h tlie Assembly Concerning the Paper Money BilL

EMLEMEX:

Ak wc have certain IrkformiUion tliat a Bill was

James Hainifton.

Ill

Proclattiatiun Pmliibitinir ilie Sale of Rum to the In-

dians.

BY THE irONOURABLE JAMKR HAMILTON, EjKjr., IJeut^tiaut: (iovemor 4^ <jOuitiiatidE?r iu- Cliief of the Province of Pennsylvania & Countieii of New CaBtle, Kent, and Sussex, oa Dt? la wan?.

A PROCLAMATION.

MTi^eas^ upon the H^H lerrieut of Uiis !*niviiiei* it was em]y diB("ovpr*d, :iiid roii- HtHtit exiierii^nre sfnrc* shews, that (he Si^lliog or giviufif Stttm^ Liqiiort^ to th** ftidiaus is attended wifh great Misohiefw & Intuinvenieint-s by renson of its pern if -i* oils EiT<M*tw in firnrnjitiiiff IJieni, \vh<Mi un- der the inflnenee of it, to comniit many Oiitra^rf'^ *^ Trr(%niljirities and no twit h- t^tnndin^ tln^ wise l^t: ^^^nod l.iuvs prc^vided against it, we still find u|)on every Indian Treaty or other Occasion of T^rg^e Company s of Indians coming to Philadelphia, that many Persons there do presnme, in contempt of such Laws, to sell or indiscreetly give Ram or other strong Liquors to the Indians, to the great Danger, Disturbance, & Offence of the Inhabit- ants. Wherefore, for the preventing these Mischiefs & Disorders I have thought fit, with the advice of the Council, to issue this Proclamation, hereby in His Majesty's Name strictly forbidding all Persons (those only excepted to whom the Care of the Indians at their Tivaties with us is committed) upon any pretence what- soever to sell or give any Rum or other Spirituous or Strong Liquors to the Indians, on pain of being prose- cuted with the utmost rigour of the Law. And I do hereby earnestly recommend it to all & every the Jus- tices of the Peace within the said Province, & especially those within the City of Philadelphia, that they tnke all

Papers of the Governors, *r liieasurefl to detect ^: briog to foudigu Puuisb- all OflViidery liereiii, tS: i^ive all due eoeouragt*' to Persons to disrovvr & give In forma tioD a^aitist Offeudeie, iJt to take Care that the Moiety of the liy of Twenty roiiods forfeiture by the said Laws ich Offence be reeovei-'d A: paid to such Informers; case of the inability o! the Oift'odei's to pay th^ upon their Conviction, that then the Just ices do Lbe Infonner or Prosecutor a (JerLihcate or Order the Provincial Treasurer for the five l*oiinds, I upon sight of such Certificate he is by the said reiiuired to pay. And hereof all Persons con- 1 are to take Notice & not to fall lu their obedience. py will answer the coutrary at their PeriU 1 under my Ftatid t^c tlu^ (iiear Seal of the Province l*cnnsylvania at Phi I ad el p Ida, this Eleventh Day Aij-j^ust, in the Twenty- it lird Yt^ar of the Hei;^n of ' Soveieign Lord, (n-or^e the Second, King; of

James Hamilton.

»'3

that the Road betwecu \m has ever beeo opeo & pleas- ant to travel In. Ev<*ij in the time of War had you tried it vou wou'd have fuuiid nothing to obstruct the Pasa- uge, & now the War is over & you are come to see ua yoTi will fi]]d a kind & affertioiiate BeceptioD. Id testi* niotiy whereof wc present you with this

StrlDg. Brethren :

We approve the Custom you mention of brightening the Chain after a long absence; it is a strong Evideaee of the Wisdom of the old Men who lived before you, and wt' heartily do the same on our part, desiring that as we have also some disagreeable things to say to joa^ vuu may do us Iil%e Justice in imputing what we say of this nature to its true Cause, that is a sincere regard to remove every thing that may obstruct the good nn- derstanding hitherto preserved between us; by this Belt we join with you iubrighteniog the Chain.

A Belt of 8 Rows. Brethren :

We thank you for your firm adherence to the Interest of His Majesty during the War, & for the particular declaration of regard you have expressed for the People of this Province. Your Neutrality was un- doubtedly of great Service to the common Cause and deserves our acknowledgements, which we gratefully niake you.

You cannot think but we have had full Accounts of vour Affairs from time to time, & had there been any reason to believe that the Governors of New York & Xew England, to w^hom the King committed the man- agement of the War, had not taken you into their pro- tection and made sufficient Provision for your subsist- ence & sa ft ty, we shou'd have done you all the good Offices in our Power; but as this was not the Case, on Information given us that the Indians to the West- ward of us were starving for want of Necessaries, we

8— Vol. II— 4th Sen

		^^^^H
	1 4 Papers of the Governors. Dt Mr. Weiser to them with a seasonable & expensive eaeut. We only tell you this that you may see we tvft flot been unmindful of our Brethren; this doubte i'lt expresses our t hunks for your Concern for ami at eh meet to ns during the War. A Double Belt, ethren: The last thing addressed to the Governor & Council People of the Province in the order yon spoke is, that ivlng: assured us of the coutinuance of your Amity, u had at your Rettinj^ out no particular Bu^Inessi with J but were prompted by your lirotherly Inclinations make us a Visit. As the War is uow^ at an end & the Roads opened so at they may he safely 1 ravelled, you did wcH to come see us; we take your visit kindly, & shall give you a bstaotitU proof of your bein^ welrouu^ to the People th[8 Province hy the Present which they have pro-
	■

James HamHton.

115

Havinp fully answer'd every part of your BptM^cli which hatT a relation to the Pulilirk, I sliaU now pro f^d in the same manaer to answer what wa» addre««*d h' me & the Council: (brethren —

We have taken into ConsidemtJon your otter of the

^le of saoine Lands lying 011 the Ea^t s*ide of SiiSf|ii(*-

hanua, 4S: tho' we have no direr I ions from the Pro]jrie-

taries, who are now In En^laud, to treat with you for

Lands, yet as we jud^'d it for their benefit & for the

Tiihlick (}ood not to reject the otTer you have thought

jipoper to make, we sent you ^^ird by the Interpreter

that we would treat with yon uhont a new Purdia«f%

but at the same time we gave you to understand that

^u> rould by no means acr(*de Uj your proposal in the

uianner yon had limited it» vi7„ to take Land lying on

*be Eaf^t side of the 8as(tueham*a, aw far ai^ Tliomns

Mi:KeeX heeau&te you niuiSrt l*i? seuHilde that as the

head of the River Schuylkill lies not far from the

Sasquehanna, iSr not far from the head of Schuylkill

iliere rnns one of the main liram hce of the Kiver T>el-

aware, & that the Delaware Indians, in their last

rn^ty, liad gi-nnted the Lands from thisi Bnmch to

Vf+ry near the Lechawarlisriu on Delaware. I say,

considering ail these things, which were explained

to you on a Draught, by whicli it uppers that all you

offer is mountanious, broken ik poor Land, you must

know that this is not worth our acceptance, but we

iidded that if you wou'd extend your offer to go more

^'ortherly on Sasquehanna as far as Shamoken, & that

the Tract might carry its breadth to Delaware River,

K() as that we cou'd in any manner justify ourselves

to the Proprietors, we wou'd close and give you a just

Consideration for the Lands. On this you held a

Council & made us a second offer that you w^ould sign

a Deed to the Proprietors for all that Tract of Land

Papers of the Governors.

It lies within the following boiiiKlB^ visi.tBeginniniJ

llho Kittochhitmy liills, whf^re your last Porch a.se li^, nn Sasiinehtiuna, from thence by the Courses*

he River Sasqiiehanna to thi? first Mountain North jlh*^ Creek railed in the Onondaga Language Can- fgh}\ Sc ID the Delaware Language Makooniahy. on

said Kiver Raaquehanna, this is the Western Bonn-

y; then for the North boniiilary by a straighi Line |be run from that Mountain ^o the Main Branch

>elaAvare River, at the North side of the MfJuth of bhaAvaehsein, so as to take in the Waters of Lech a- pisein; The East Boundary to be the River Dela- Ye from the North of the A'i.skil to thn Kittoch tinny lis; the Bouth boundary U* be that Range of the "^ hochtinny Hills to the place of Ueginning, together ni Uie Islands in the Kiver iSascinebnuua & Dela- ine in that Compass, Bavingj received this second ler, iho' neither in this is Iherc any eonaiderahle

James Hamilton,

117

mnBi, tlieK'fore, tell you phiiiily that nueh Ljrences must not be giveHj H: liuit if \\v turn the People oil' you mu»t nut defend theoi nor invite them there again, thj« IS a breach of your Duty, therefore do so no more; and on our piail we assure thai a« we Iiave required obedk*nce by our Prorlanmtioii we will at the time lauiitted therein exuet it punctually, tK: tnake no doubt but when these People i^ee the Government Is deter- mine to uise force they will quietly leave their Settle* irii'Dti, especially as they ntay be provided with Land on the East side of Sasqueiifinna within the new Purchase- In cou^rmatioa hereof we give you thi» String. Brethren:

We condole with Canassatego & You on the Murder of hi*5 Relation, & are sorry that it happen^ within our Doors. As soon as we heard of it (which we did by one of our Messengers who happened to be at Mr. George Croghan's on our Business at the very time the Warrior was kill'd, & saw^ the Dead body) we ordered a full & impartial Enquiry to be made how he came by his Death, and it is returned unto us by the Coroner's Inquest taken on oath that he was kilPd by the Shotts of a Gun; but who kilTd him they do not expressly say, tho' all believed, by the Evidence given, that he was kilPd by his Comrades, the Body lying in the place where they had prepared their Night Quarters, & the Blood lying all on the Ground under the Body, so that he cou'd not have gone a step after he received the wound, which is further proved by the mark of the Bullet now to be seen in a tree just by the Place; And some of 3'our own Indians living at Ohio who by accident were present expressly declared that he must have bt^n shot at that very place among the Indians themselves, tho' the Companions of this un- fortunate Warrior said that some Wliite People had kiird him, & that he came to them & told them so.

|8

Papers of the Governors.

Ii it'll you easily perceive must be false, if the above JT^ount be true. Mr, Crojihau, the Magistrate bi^fore lioin the Matter was Laid, wou'd have exainiiiL^d these |dians but they would not submit to it, & one of them

particular niu away, The white people at whose

juse the Indians got Liquors are all Bound o\x?r to

|)urt, & if it shall turn out that they or any others

.^re coneern*d in the Murder of this Warrior, they

|aH be brought to Publick Tryal in the same maimer

if they had killed a white Man, & Notice shall be ki^u you that the Friends of the deceased may be lesent at the Tiyal if they pleafie. In the mean time fie these Handkerchiefs & give some to the relations

the dec<?as'dj & wipe off all Tears from their Eyes^, |e shall keep ynur Striu^ in cawe of any fn^sh l)is- Jvery.

JHandker chiefs, l-ethreni

James Hamilton.

ri$

yball l«? transuiitttd when it roiiies to my Hands; for tliis purpose we keei> tlie Hiring you giive ua Hi*ethren:

Having fiuiisU'd our ani^wer, we are under a Necee- Sltj to say somethiiij? tliat uuiy be disagreable to You; but you must take it in i;ood part, agreable to what 1 said before.

An Indian this last Bummer came in a rude manner to a substantial Ilouselteepei* of L^^u caster County, f*oe Adam Furuey, and demanded Kuni of him; he gave him some, but because he refus'tl to give him more, he withdrew a small spare & having* his Oun iu his Hand ready loaded he shot him in the Breai^t, & he lay a considerable time ill of his Wounds, being expected to dye every Day. On this the Indian wa« apprehended & committed to JayK but the Man recov-' eied, contrary to all expectation, & the Indian was the other Day released.

Several bad Skirmishes do frequently happen, occa- sioned by the rude behaviour of Indians, but none more nor of a worse natur-e than those which arise from mis- chiefs done by your People to* Farmers & their Cattle iu their Journeys to «& from this City; this is the more provoking as You cannot but be sensible of the kind reception You always meet with from us. The Assembly, who are troubled with Petitions from the People injured, & from a Principle of Justice and Com- pn.ssion make good the Damages, have recommended it to me to remonstrate against this usage in the warm- (st manner, & particularly against the behaviour of your young People in their coining here this Summer, & to insist that there be no more such doings. Take this String then & Chastise your unruly Indians, and admonish them to behave better for the future, or tbey will certainly draw on lliem the resentment of the Country People, who will not be roj^train'd from

Papers of the Governors. 1.'

Iving vr-ngeanrt for such iinfonnded & mischievous fitment. String,

[To the Asseinbly Concerning: the Paper Money.

EISTLEMKN: (

Ity iht* Ijetter hi^rewith delivf*retl youyWhicb 1 have

lately had the Honour to ivceive from His Grai^e Diike of Bedford, One of Jiis Majestii-s Principal bretaries of Btnte, you will [mreeive that the Paper Inej of the several Pkin tat ions in America is again le to come under the Consideration of the Parlia- Int at their liext Se&sions, wiiirli will probably be I the JIoDtli of December or Jatinary; And as I es- |ni it a Principal I*art of my IJuty to have a watcli-

Cart? for tho true Inlert^^t (jf tiic Pcoph* under my

James Hamilton. i2i

this Province from the Pasniug of the said Bill; and I liave it in ConuiiaDd from tbeut fu asigure you of tliLnr Assisttanee upon all futai-e Occti^ions wliert^in the Wel- fare and HappiDess of the People^ of thin Province may be concerned.

Altho* this be not the usual time of your Sitting to do Businesst, ret I hope in Cousidcralion of the Im- {KJrtance of this Matter you will, before your Adjourn- ment, furnifi^h me with a clear and exact State of our Paper Currency, to be transmit t*jd forthwith, pnimiant to the Directions contained in the Ijetter before men- tiooed.

The la^t Assembly having adjourned before 1 finisb'd with the Indians, I could only acquaint them with a Part of their Businct^s; wbat jpusshhI aft r^' wards be- tween me and them you will see in the Minutes of Council, which the Secretary lias my Orders to lay before you.

The Commit te of Assembly appointed to take Care of the Indians c(uiceivinj^ that they had no authority to make any further Provision for them than during their stay in the City, the Interpreter, at my request, defrayed the Expenses in their Return, which you will I)lease to order to be repaid to him.

JAMES HAMILTON.

October IGth, 1749.

To the Duke of Bedford Transmitting a Report of the State of the Paper Currency.

MAY IT PLEASE YOUR GRACE: In obedience to His ALajestie's Commands, sig- nified to me by your Grace's Ix^tter of the 10th of July last, I have caused to be prepared by the Secre- tary of His Majestie's Province of Pennsylvania, and

Papers of the Governors,

[verDmeiit of the Con q ties of Newcastle, Kent and |s»ex, on Delaware, Accouuts of the Tenor and liiount of ill! the Bills of Credit which have been litted and are at this Time oiitBtaiiding within the Wesaid OoTeriiinent; and an upon Examination 1 ttie^x^ them to be exact and true, I do myself the [nour to transmit them as sncb to your Grace; being th all possible Hegard, Tour O race's most ohedienl and most bumble servant J

JAMEH HAMILTON tt^eiinsvlvania, 26th October, \liih

ptter to the CTOvernor of Maryland Concerning the Extension of the Inter-Provincial Boundary Line.

James Hamilton,

123

t*rery OccaBion of Contention, to propose to You tlie

t-xtensiou of the temporary IJne between the tw(j

Provinces from the Place ^liere it now ends to a

Meridian drawn frora the hrs^r l^'ountain of the River

Patowniaeh, and desire jon will be pleas'd to join with

me in the Appointment of Commissioners to do this

necessary Work. Wan not the Year so f<Tr advanced

I Efaoutd further profFOse that Conimissioca might i8!<tie

immediateiy, but i think it may be very vvell^ a^

I'eople always take tht? Spring time to remove* their

FamiUes, that the ConiTTiissiioners be ready to take the

llrst O]iport unity of fair Weather after the Winter

breakfi np,

J am with great Regard, Sir, Your most obo<3ient and moFit humbh^ Hervant,

JAMES HAMILTON. IMiiladelphia, 2:kl September, 1749.

Letter to the President of Virginia Concerning the Extension of the Boundary Line, Etc.

SIR: I am honour^! with yonr Letter of 22d of NoAem- ber, acquainting me with your succeeding, upon the Departure of Sr. William Gooch, to the Command of his Majestie's Colony of Virginia, upon which I very heartily congratulate both You and the Colony, wishing you much Happiness \i\ your Administration, as I doubt not the People will receive much Ease and Prosperity under it: I am at the same time to pay you niy Acknowledgments for the favourable Opinion you are pleas'd to conceive of me.

It gives me great Concern that you should have Cause of Complaint against any of the Inhabitants of

Papers of the Governors,

m Province; you may depend that nothing in my pwer shall be wanting to detect tlie Authors of the IngerouB in^iouations ,you are pleas'd to mention. Id make them sensible tbej are not to act such a irt with Impauity- At pm^tsent there happens to be Itie of the Traders in this City to whom I can apply Ir information, but a& soon as they return from the Idian Countries 1 shall take care that they be strictly pimin*d, and endeavour by all i possible methods to It an end to so vile a Procticp.

lAs you have mentioned the large Grant his Majesty

Is lately been pleased to mak*^ to some Gentlemen in

frginia of Lands on the Braacbes of the Ohio. ! am

luced to desire your opinion whether it may not be

use that the We^^tern Bonrui? of this Province be

|n by CommissioneT-s to l)^ appointee] by both Govern-

?nt^, in (.»rder to assure Ourselves tbat none of the

linds contained in that Oiitnt are within the Limits of

James Hamilton.

125

<^f the Pt^rsons recommended to me for nij Licence to ke<?p the same ai'o neither of n sober Con verm tioD or of Ability to entertam Travellers in a proper Manner —Contrary to the Intention of the Laws in that respect provided, and tending to the Propagation of Idhioess and Immorality among the Inhabitants — which Re]>- rt^sf^utation I have taken into serions Consideration, And lieing desirons, as far as in me lies, to remove evr*ry (»bBtiiele in the Way to A'irtue, Piety^ and good Order, I do in the w^arniest Manner recommend to You that you \\\U use your utmost Vigilance that the Laws nt?lating to the good Order to be observed in Publiclc Houses may be duly \mt in Kxecution, And that npon all future Applications you will nialce a careful inquiry into the Characters and Cirnmistances of the Ap- j*tkT&, and recommend to me so many only as shall be thought necessar}' for the Publick Service, and who for their Discretion and Abilities are most likely to answer the good Meaning and Intention of establish- ing Inns and Publick Houses in all well-regulated Com- munities.

I am, Gentlemen, Your humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTON.

To the Indians of the Six Nations, Shavvonese, Dela- wares and others living at Ohio.

BRETHREN: I was suri)rised by some of my People who lately came from Ohio with the Mews that two or three of them had been killed by you within these few Years, and that no manner of notice was taken of the Murders by you. Y^ou must be sensible that to see the Blood of our own People is aggravating and is sometimes of

Papers of the Governors,

pgerouB Conse^juence, if proper carp be not taken by le wise nieu of the Place wher^? it is shed. I miint, lereforej charge yon to malve a strict eDquiiy what Icasioned the Blood of xny Pi'otile, for jou cannot ex- Vetj according 1o the Law of Kations^ that I can treat ith you on friendly terms till you have brought the lurderera to Justice. I havp bt^en informed that some

yon ¥«aid one of the persons killed was a Virginian, [id this won Id not draw on yon the anger of the Gov* lnuiL*nt of Pennsylvania, but I must tell you that to lii't or kill any of the Inhabitants of that Province 1 11 give us equal concern, equal offence, as if it was

le who lived in my Government, we are all one People [^there is no difference between ns^ and if any one hint all oiirrlit t*> recent it, and will do it yon may hw'ud upon it. I A String of Wampum.

James Hamilton, 127

3»jur Message, that we have n grateful Sense of jour Attachment to us, and desire our AHiance raaj he m Mrong as the strongest Mountaiiij and endure while the Sun slimes and the Rivera run, I liave proposed it to Konie of tlie l)est of our traders to earry on commerce with vou, and to sell you their Goods at as easy a priee as they cau altord, and by all means to cultivate a good understanding with you, and they seem willing to do it; but as your towns are at a great distance from the ?*ix Nations, and that several of your Tribes mem still to be firmly attached to the French, the traders caunot help expressing their apprehensions of the great danger their is in beini; intercepted either in tUeir passage to or return from your country; aud that unless some measures be concerted to preserve the road safe and commodious for their persons and eflTects ir will not he poss^ible to extenrl iheir Trnde into roun- tiys so remote to any great degree. I mention this with the more earnestness, as I have lately received in- formation that two of our traders going from the Log's Town to the Twightwees, about three hundred miles from the first place, were either killed, taken by the French or Indians, and that a party of French Indians have killed fourteen of our people belonging to Caro- lina. I say our people, for the inhabitants of Carolina, Virginia, Maryland, this Province, and New York, are all one people, and if any be obstructed, robbed, or killed, all of us are equally afl'ected, and must resent it alike. Some other stories are likewise told us, which if true make it evident that the road is by no means safe to travel.

We give you four Stnngs of Wampum in acknowl- edgment of your professions, and thereby assure jou that we desire to bind the chain of Friendship between as as firm as it can possibly be.

Here give a string of four rows of Wampum.

Inasmuch as the road is insecure, and the traders

Papers of the Governors.

\i.Q a difficulty of traveUing in it while it is so, we you Ibis belt to remove ont of it i^very thing that -s it dungeroufi. lere a belt of Wauipiim of eight rows. fhf^re is a hearty iuclioation in the English Gov |tnentB toward*' all the Twi^htwee Nations, and it jld be a pl**asure to them to have an opportunity >wing you the raany advantages w]udi would rue to you from your uUiance with the Euglish, If ?ceive the answer from the other Go^T?nio-i'» time jgh to send it this fall 1 will transmit it to you, :>t you may expect it early in the Si>ring. hiladelphia, 2Tth August, 1750,

tlie Assembly CnncerniiiL^ tlic Ejection of Settlers Irom Indian's Laii^ls and Other Indian Matters,

James Hamilton. 129

The Accounts fmm Ohio mention that the French Btill continue their Threats af^inst the Indiana who mny on Commeite with our Traders; that thej are frequent iy alarmed a» if the French were approaching in a military Maann-, and therefore keep theni^lveH upon their Guard, but as uotliin^ hostile lias hitherto hc*eii attempted, I am in hoptes this may blow over and the French, from the Caution and Unanimity of the Indians in our Alliance, be oljli^etl to alter their treasures,

I have received two or three different Messages from the Twififhtweci*; in th**ir last they tell me that they* have isiithstood the l^^olicitations of the French, and ns a Proof of their attachment to us have refused tbelr Presents, intimating at the same time that ass they take nothing from them they would be pleas'd to re- nive some tr^timony of our Regard. And I am really of opinion that since so large an addition is made to the Trade of the Province by their Means, it would be for his Majestie's aa well as the Countries Service if a small Present was sent to them by some Persons of Character who go to trade in those Parts.

When Mr. Weiser left Ohio he committed several Matters of Consequencr? to Andrew Montour, finding that the Indians esteemed him and placed great Confi- dence in him; this gave him a sort of publick Char- acter which ha» put him to some Trouble and Expence, as you will see by his Accounts which I have ordered to be laid before you, and which have been perused and allowed to be true by Mr. Weiser; I therefore rec- ommend it to you that you will be pleased to make Mr. Montour a suitable Kecompence for his Services. The Indians of those Parts are not of the most prudent Behaviour, and therefore it seems necessary there should be alwayj^ among them some discreet Person who by his Influence may be able to regulate their

9— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors,

[uJiirt ami k<?ep l^hem firmlj attached to the British tert'wt, more f^si>4n*iully ni a tiino when the Fi-ench Ue no nioiuss tinatteiupt^^l to alienate their affet'tion hii us, and to exclude »ih from any share of the Bene-

of trading with them. Such a Person I take Mr* tntonr to be, and as he resides at Ohio he mlh I am fsuaded, upon u I'raper Kecompence be always ready willing to stM've tlUH Province to the utmost of

powder,

JAMEB HAMILTON. IVugust 8th, 1750.

>clatTialion of the order to Prevent the Working of Iron in the Province.

,Y THE H0>:0URABLF: JAMEK HAMILTON,

I K[*qr., Li (^1 tenant Goveruor and Commander- in-

James HaniMton.

13T

Maje8tie*8 Colonies in America lihall forthwith traiig- init to tlie Conimis.sioiier« for Tmtk* nnd V]nnti\iiouH a Certiflrate ijnd€?r bis Hand and Seal of Oltiee, eon- tainitii^ a particular Actonut of every Mill or Eugiue for nlilting and roHinp; of Iron, and every plating Forge to work with a Tilt Hammer, and every Furnace fur making Steel at the Time of the Commencement nf this Act erected in his Colony, expressing alao in rhe »aid Certificate sneh of them as are used, and the >'ame or Nanu^s of the Proprietor or Proprietors of each such Mill* Engine, Forge, and Furnace, and the Place where c*ach such Mi 11^ Engine, Forge, and Fur- iiacf* is erected, and the Number of Engines, Forge*?, mid Furnaceti in the said Colony/' Tu the end, there- fore, that 1 may bi? the better enabled to obey the IMrectinsfl of the said Act, I have thought fit with the Advice of the Council to issne thin Pro c him at ion, here- by enjoining and requiring the Proprietor or Proprie- tors, or in case of their Absence, the Occupiers of any of the above-mentioned Mills, Engines, Forges, and Furnaces erected within this Province, to appear be- fore me at the City of l*hiladelphia on or before the Twenty-first day of September next, with proper and ample Testimonials of the Rights of such Proprietor, Proprietors and Occupiers therein, and sufficient proofs whether the said Mills, Engines, Forges, and Furnaces respectively, were used on the said Twenty-Fourth Day of June or not. And I do further hereby require and command the Slierilf of every County in this Province, resj^ectively, on or before the said Twenty- First Day of September to appear before me at the City of Philadelphia aforesaid, and then and there by Writings under their Hands and Seals to certify and make known to me every Mill or Engine for slitting and rolling of Iron, every plating Forge to work with a Tilt Hammer, and every Furnace for making Steel which w^ere erectf^i within their several and respective

Papers of the Governors.

ties on the said Twenty- Fourth Day of June, and ■lace aud J*laet^ where the same were erected, the Xaiiies of ibv'iv EepiitM Proprietor or Pro- |ors, and the Occupier^i of them and every of them; whether tbey or any of them were nf>eil on the Twenty -Fouilh Day of June or not, a^ they and I of them will answer the contrary at their Peril,

under my Hand and the Oreat Beat of the Prov- e of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia this Sixteenth y of August, io the Twenty-Fourth Year of the if^n of our Sovereign Lord, George the Serond, |ng of Great Bntauij France^ and Ireland, &c,j and the Year of our Lord 1750,

JAMES haiiilto:n

Honour's Command, iiehard Peters, Secretary. GOD BAVE THK KING,

James H ami! ion. 133

wees, wMch at mr Instance had been Provided by out Assembly; he r-ame to deliver me a Me*^snge from the Indians at Ohio to all his Maje&tie*s GaverDments, a Copy whereof I have enclosed, as also a Copy of a Mes- sage from the Twip^li twees, giving to understand that they had resisted the French Solicitations and Presents and wonld adhere to their new Allies; and if these Mes- sages be duly considered, it cannot but be thought nec- esstiry that these Indians be suitably rewarded for their Attachment to na, because it must be obvious that if for want of due Encouragement Nations of such Iniporlanee should go from us> this would affect our Intlueiire on all the other Indians, and might in the ead totally destroy it.

You cannot be insensible that Numbers of the 8ix Nutions have of late left their fdd TTabitationg and settled on the Branches of the Mississippi, and are become more numerous there than in the Countries they left, at which both the French and the Council at Onondago are not a little alarmed, as it will give a remarkable Turn to Indian Affairs, and must draw the attention of his Majestie's Governors into those more remote Parts. If my Information be true, and I have it from Persons of undoubted Credit, these Refugees of the Six Nations (if I may use the Term), the Shawo- nese and Delawares, with their new Allies the Owen- (laets and Twightwees, make a Body of Fifteen Hun- dred if not Two Thousand Men, and in my Opinion these different Nations are now upon the Balance. If a prudent Management and seasonable Liberality be exercised they may be retained in our Interest; But if no notice be taken of them, nor suitable f^resents be made thenj, the French may justly reproach the Twightwees for their Defection, and they will cast these reproadu^ on our Indians who perswaded them into our Alliance, and thereupon they may not only leave us themselves but draw^ off our Indians with

J

Papers of the Governors.

i, and if we fall into tht^se unhappy Cipoumstauces I not pi"Obnhle we shall retain the fc^ix Nations at jnda^o louf^, for whon thest* are Btripp'd of their find of these Wt^stward Indians, they will be [used, or to avoid Contempt go over to the Frem-h

the other Indians,

Ilia 1 take to be a true Representation of the State

jiidian Affairs; and it gives me much Concern that

Council at Onondago ^should not be able to retain

h People among them, but by suffering their yonng

|ang to go and settle in those distant Parts i^ive

U) a new luterest that in a little time must give

hi Ijaw instead of taking it from them. But the

\g IB too plain to be concealed, nnd therefore his

i^^ty*8 (lovernoi's will do well to consider what is

iier to be done on thiii new turn of Affairs,

|ns Province has chearfully been at a very conoid ^

Kx pence to premier ve tlit*se Induius, and was it

fa

James HamHton. 135

To the Assembly Concerning the Attitude of the In- dians,

GEXTLEMEN: In uij messai2:e of the eighth of Au^iigt to thi? late AsBembly, I mentioned the ApprehensionB the Indians at Ohio were under from the Menaces of the French, who fretiuently threat nod to attack them for ivdherini: to their Friendship w ith Us; j^et as no Hostili- ties had then been attempted I was in Hopes, from the Caution |ind Unanimitv of the Indians in our Alliance^ they might be discouraged from any Utidertaking of that kind, but 1 am now sorry to acquaint You that from the Infonnation I have since received it appears the French are determined at all Events to bring oft the Indians from our Alliance. That in Consequence oT this^ Resolution they have been using all possible Artifices to corrupt the Six Nations at Onondago, and have also sent a large and valuable Present to be disftributed among the Indians at Ohio; and least these Measures should fail have actually provided at Fort D'Etroit Magazines of Provisions and warlike Stores to be in readiness against the Spring, in order to reduce them by a Body of Forces from Canada; In which Design, t^hould they succeed, it caunot be supposed they will long suffer those Indians to continue in Peace with Us, the fatal Consequences whereof not only to our Trade but even to the Lives and Properties of our remote Inhabitants must be obvious to everj^ consid- erate Person.

That the French are resolved at any rate to embroil Us with the Indians at Ohio is further confirmed by two Persons,. Inhabitants of this Province, who were taken Prisoners in May last by Seven French Indians within a few Miles of one of the Twightwee Towns at the Instigation of the French Officer at Fort D'Etroit, to whom thev were delivered, and from

Papers of the Governors,

im as ht* was conveying theoi to Canadii they made

fir Escape,

Itv Weisi^r, otir Pro \ nice liiterprfter, is now in [v^Qj being jast i*eturiicd from Oiiondago, and brings thence likewi*^^ very disagreeable News, to w^it. lit upon the Death of Canassatego and some other (the Principal Sachems of the ^ix Nations, who re heartily attached to the English, the Person now [he Head of their Coimcile is wholly in the Freneh ?re8t,

Ihns thro* the indefatigable Industry of th* French, lonly the Six Nations at Onondago are much shaken Iheii* AfTections to Us, and inclining to go over to

Rivals, but the Indians at Ohio are in great Dan^

of being corrupted by their Presents or subdued Itheir Arms, imk*ss ^ome proper and s*i*eedy Mens- are taken to prevent it.

Ills, Gentlemen* is the present uuhapi*y Situation

James Hamilton.

^37

%o that Hiey are not yet |!:one* I have given Orders 10 stay tbem till 1 kIi;iU be acquainted with tbe Rteso- lutioQs of your House on this Subject.

I therefore earnestly entreat Yoii to give tbe«e Af- fairs all the Attention tlieir Iniportauee requires, and that together with your advice yon will likewise fur- nish the necessary Meuos of frustrating the mischiev- ous Designs <>f our Ilivale the Fren<:b, and enable nie effettnally to preserve the Fidelity and Friendsbip of uur Indians and th€*!r allies.

JAMES HAMILTON.

October 16, 1750.

To The Members of tlie Assembly In Connection with the Failure of the House to Meet Pursuant to Ad- journment and In View of the Question of the Le- gaHty of the Body unless Convoked by the Author- itv of the Governour.

T

HE GOVERNOR DESIRES THE ATTENDANCE

of the Members of Assembly in the Council Cham- ber immediately.

To a Committee of the Self-Styled Assembly In Con- nection with the Legality of Its Status.

I EXPECTED, IN COMPLIANCE WITH MY MES- sage to the Members of Assembly met together in the Assembly Roam this morning, the Attendance of all such as were then present.

Papers of the Governors,

ll rannot Umk !i]jon Vou, Uentl^Muen, bh a Committee \i\ Iloiisi* of AHfet^iiiblj (it tliis l^rovinue, becaust' in my [iuion no such House m now aittiug, by reason of Members failing to meet aecordiDg to adjourn- E^iitj neither can Bueh House now sit unless legally ivened by my Authority; and^ therefore, I cannot ceive any Mesf^ige from You as a Committee of a :-juse of Assembly,

Edward Warner, Israel Pern ber ton, and Joseph IFox, who bronglit a eopy of a Minute, 10 o'eloek, |p. M.

I o the Assembly. Giving It a Legal Status. R. SPEAK KH ANli <iENTLE3IEX OF TUK AH

James Hamilton.

139

To ttie Assembly Recommending the Appropriation of Funds to Convey Certain Indian Presents to their Destination.

r^EXTLEMEN;

^j" I rec^fired bj the last l^ost the Letter lierewith laid hefoii^ you from his Excellency the Onvertior rf New York; and a 3 it contains niattei*B of very great [mportatiee to the Inhabitants of all his Majestie*B Colonies on this Continent, and to none more than thoge of this Province, X niUBt desire you to take the Content** thereof into your most serious Considt'ra- tton.

I am pleased to find liy a letter from Mr. Croghati, uf the sixteenth of November, from Ohio, which came to my hand two clays a pi, Hmt all ovir Indian Allies in those Parts as yet remain true to their Engagements with Us, and that some of them are desirous of remov- ing nearer to their Brethren the Englisli, with a view, no doubt, of receiving Protection from them against Ihe French, with whom they expect to be at War in the Spring; but as that Letter contains several Matters worthy your greatest Attention, I choose to lay the whole of it before you without any comments of my ewn, which I am perswaded would be unnecessary at this time.

The Money voted at your last Sessions as a Present to the Indians at Ohio has been laid out to the best Advantage in Goods prot>er to the occasion; Great Part of them has been some time since transported over Sasquehannah and there securely lodged in order to their being carried more early in the Spring to the People for whom they are designed; the Re- mainder is yet in Town for want of Carriages to trans- port them thither, but shall be sent up as soon as the lioads will permit. But as all the Money given for this Service was invested in Goods, and no Provision

Papers of the Governors. ihnt I know of tn pay tho Cliargi^ of their Con- M^e tn Oiiio, I must desire tou to tbiuk of this and dt- accordingly. TLe sum dcin;uuk*d for their tportation is Two Hundred and Fiftj- Pounds, 1 appears to nie to be very high; but by all the iry T have been able to make. T do not find I can : done for less by any I'ei'sons in whom I can a Confidence, ^Yc nothing to add, but to assure you that what- rou enable me to do at tluw difficult Beiison shall r formed to the best of nij Judgment, with a strict <1 to the Interest of the Province. JAMES H AMI LTOK luaiy 19, 1750,

le Assenil)ly Concerning a Bill Relating; to the

James Hamihon. 141

i^neuceB to th<* present and future Bifrhts, PropeilleB, and Estates of the Inhabitants of the Province, for the folloTving Reasons:

1. Hueh a Law m unnecesaarj' l>et*ause the Rojal Charter giving Power to the Pmprietary to appoint Judges and officers^ for what causes soever and with what Power soever, for the ProbateB of Wills, t^c, and tJie Act& of the fourth and tenth of the Queen, directing the Modes of such Probates, even in cas^e of Litigation, snflariently provide for the Probates of Wills, as well concerning real as personal Estates, which is manifest not only by constant usage sitjce the making of those Laws, but by all Acts, both Legii? lative and Judicial, since the Settlement of the Prov- ince.

2. Were it otherwise this Bill w^ould prove an in- competent Remedy because by the Law of our Prov- ince Wills proved in England, the neighbouring Prov- inces, or elsewhere, before such as have Power to take Probates of Wills and grant Letter's of Administra- tion, are sufficient to pass and assure Lands in this Province w ithout further Proof.

3. The Declaration in the first and second Pages of the Bill, that the Powers granted by the Acts of the fourth and tenth of the Queen to the Register General being limited to those granted by the Royal Charter, can relate to the Probate of Wills concerning Per- sonal Estateis only, if true (which must be admitted should the Bill become a Law) would effectually sub- vert all Estates real depending on Probates made since and as under the Royal Charter and those Laws. For if the Register General had no Pow^r to take the Pro- bates of W^ills concerning Real Estates, all his Pro- bates of Wills as to such Estates, are Void, and the l)evist*es and those claiming under them must lo*»(* their Estates Unless the W^itnesses are present to prove the Wills according to the Directions of this

iJill.

Papers of the Governors.

I 4, The Generality of the Words m the Beginning of

|ie third Pagt>, Viz,; *^\VTien at any Time after the

iblicatiou of this Act, any Writing elmll be exbib-

2dj &ca.j will iidmit the Exhibition of writings here-

|>fore adjudged void according to the LawB now in

?ing, which would be highly inconvenient in regard

the Stirring np StHft^s and Buits, the Alteration

bere may be in the Testimony by the Deaths or ab-

pce of Witnesses, and the subversion of Estate**

ktled in and under the Heini at Law.

Is. In the third Page of the Bill are these Words:

iVhereby any Lands, Tenements, or real Estate

ithin this Province is devised.'' Here may not a fact

uncertain which the Bill su])poses will be always

I idt'iit ftn witi: \\^lethp^ Landsst, Ttmenients. or roal

<tate are dt^vised. l^'or in8 lance, devise! n^ all a Man's

tate Mill imss the real, and ;\'**t aw from the Will it

ot nnm'ar whether he died t^eisied of Lands, that

James Hamilion, 143

HWPftalncd or the Value known? Tf a iiiuii bt*- rmpatbe^ bis Pi^rsonal Estate gr*iivrally, how are the ItegmtiT and Justices todettrnnnt^ what it consists of, or tbe Value?

7, In the fifth Pa^e of the Bill there is a saving clause to Infants, Married Women, Persons ont of the Pro \i ace or of unsound mind and meniorv, tbt^ir IHghtft to sue and implead in the same manner con- cerning the validity of the said Wills; Under this Clause the Inten.^st of Purchaijers under Devisee and ^ Heirs npon Wills decreed valid or invalid must be I'Xtremely precarious. But it MH.'ins to me to render the oflice of an Executor or Adminisstrator very dan- gerons. The Law on Payment of Ijf^gacies or di^tnbu- tarr Portions autborizt^ the Executor or Admin is- trator only to demand Bonds, to indemnify against latent Debts. Immediately on the Tender of such Bonds they ought to pay the Legacies or Portions, and it they refuse the Law^ will oblige thepi, with the addi- tional Charges of Interests and Costs; And yet upon this Clause they may be compelled, on a second Sen- tences differing from the first, to pay the whole Estate to a new Executor or Administrator as the Case Shall Jiap[)en, Altho' nothing can be recovered from those V'ho received the Estate through absence. Death, Pov- ^'ity, or other Disability, and the other saving Clause in the Sixth Page to all and every other Person and ^Vrsons who may think him, her, or themselves ag- grieved, their Rights by Appeal, Writs of Certiorari, ^Vrits of Error, or other Writs, as they shall be ad- vised to be made returnable to the Supream Court of tills Province, &c., is liable to the same objections, ^'Ut is more dangerous with regard to the Conse- 'luences, as those Writs may be brought without Limi- tation of Time. For these Reasons I cannot pass this Bill into a Law\

JAMEt^ HAMILTON. Philadel[»hia, February 1st, 1750.

I

Papers of the Governors.

the Assembly Concerning a Bill for the Better r^atching' arul Lighting tlic Streets of Philadelphia.

IeNTLEMEN:

I sini very Bensible of the many Dangers tlie In- labitauts* of the City of Thiladt^li^hia are exposed by the Darkn^te of their Btn?eta aud tlie want of a ll regulated Wateh lu the Night, of their earnest lirew to have your good Intention*? to provide a |able Law for their speedy R<^ltef, and therefore no

concerning the City, with regard to its general lign and I'tility, enn possibly be more agrei^able lay Inclinations tJian that now before nie for the lei* regnlating the ^^ightly Watch within the City of llad^^pbiii, jiiid for enlightening Hie Streets, Lanes, |e^ of the ^aid City, and for rait?ing of M<mey on

InhaliitantK of the said Citv for defniving the

James Hamilton.

M5

the Frabate of wills then before me, yet I was im wil- ling to refuse my Asseut to it witlioiit thf!t due Con* sideratton whkb I shall tniT have of Mutters coming from the Representatives of the Province of Penn- sylvania. 1 have since considered it vnth the utmost rare, and aj^ the Hill lately sent down to you m essen- Tiallv the same, I have I2riven you my Reasons why i 4 aniiot pass the latter into a Law, and am not capa hie of saying more upon the Buhjt^t*

JAMES HAMILTON. Febrnary 7, 1750*

Itistructions for the Commissioners on the Distribu- tion of Presents to the Several Nations of Indians at Ohio.

Br THE HONOURABLE JAMES HAMIL- ton^ E%quire^ Lieutenant Governor and Command- er-in-Chief of the Province of Pennsylvania^ and Counti^ of New Castle^ Kent^ and Sussex^ upon Delaware:

To George Croghan, Esquire, and Mr. Andrew Montour: Whereas^ A Quantity of Goods to the Value of Seven Hundred Pounds has been provided by the Gov- ernment for the several Nations of Indians at Ohio, the same is forthwith to be carried and distributed amongst them by you. I trust you will be sensible of the Importance of the concern committed to your Care, and manage with so much Prudence and Skill as that the Present shall have its full Force and Effect. As soon as you arrive at Ohio let some of the Chiefs of the Six Nations know of your coming; let them be 10— Vol. II— 4th Sen

	^^^^^H	1	^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^l^» ^^^^^^^^1
	c	■
	Papers of the Governors. ^e that You are fully convinced are stcictlj at- led to Hie English Interest, and let them know : yon have a Message and a Present from the Gov^ )r of Pennsylvania to the Indians on Ohio, chiefly strengthen the Alliance of the Six Nations with other Indians, and that tliej must assist the Gov- >r of Pennsylvania as if it were in Council together, form a Speech to be made to three particular Na s, Viz., the Hhawonese, Dela wares, and Owendaets, put them in mind of what was transacted three rs ago with the Ovvendaeta by the Bix Ignited Ka- H of Indians at Ohio and the Deputies from the ernment of Pennsylvania, Connid Weiser, Esriuiie, your?*(^lYes, which you will perceive by Mr, iser'a Journal, a (^>py of whirh I herein inclose 1. At that time the Owendaets promised to pay isit to their unkuown Bi-ethri^n in PhihHlel]»hia iiuike thenipielves known to tln^m, hut as they have
	■

James Hamilton. 147

their Brethi-en in Philadelphia have sent them a VteB i^nt to condole with them and wipe off the Tear*^ from I heir Eyes, and advise tbem to recommend such Per- hi>n& to us as well as to the Six Nations, with whom Publick BuBinesiat shall he transacted, and that their Hrethrcn in Philadelphia will look upon them so rec- ommended as Chief or Chiefs of the Delawares, and use him or them accordingly on all OacaBious; and if thej cannot agrtie about the Affair, that their Hreth* i^en of Pennsylvania, with whom the Delawares are one People, being come out of the same spot of Ground ifcill advise or direct as Occasion may require, A pjili ca- tion of their Brethren the Dela wares being first made.

As to the Bhawonese yon must acquaint the Six Na- tions' Chiefs that upon their Kc^commendation the Peo- file of Pennsylvania are entirely reconciletl ^ith the Shawonese, and nothing now seems wanting but a more free conversation and correspondence between the Shawonese and Six Nations, and therefore the Six United Nations the desired to join with this Govern- ment in removing all obstacles yet remaining, which can be but trifles, and that the Present to be given them is to serve for that purpose, and that from hence- forth we jointly with the Six United Nations expect a more free and open correspondence with the Shawo- nese.

Then say, Brethren this that has been said to you 1.0W is the chief part of our Instructions, and your Brethren the Governor of Pennsylvania and the old men the Counsellors desire you will join with them and assist in the whole, as it is chiefly intended to sti*engthen your arms, who are the head of all the Indians in North America. To enforce this on your minds the Governor sends you this Belt of Wampum.

Mr. Andrew Montour must make himself Master of what is abovesaid to that he may be capable to be Speaker; but if the Six Nation Chiefs should appoint

^M

EiBIHHl^l

t Papers of the Governors. >f tbera ta be Hpoakc-r eare must be taken that he to that will eh was ajjrrt^d upon before iu Council, t i» known that some assuming fellows amongst I will take upon tbem to speak in Piiblick and go ir astray that tliev ])ut every thiDg in Confusion- is BiipiKJsed after the Delivery of the Belt they iiold a CouneiL and when by tlieir Answer you per- - til at tlM^y nre well pleasi^h you are only to re- ^ so niiirh of the Provincial Preseut as will cloatbe 1 tbat assist youj so tbat they may have eaeh of I a Ktrowd, a Shirt, a pair of Stock ings, some Pow- md L*^ad, as you will see cause, but if they should I dissatisfied because nothini^ w^as said to tbem Present (tho* mn hi>ped tliey will be well pleased) tlif^u you ti^ll theuT that tlu^re was some iliin^s in 've for them, and then you nuisf i^lve them a share u* Presfi'nt. WhtMi you ai^^ lu T'ouncil With thera nuist ac<|uaiut tbeui in pi'OjKT Form, or lei Mr.

James Hamilton. 149

and as such have a Right to live where they please, and asi ^ne do not iDfiiugc upon the Liberties of the Indians, sso neithi.T ought the* Freinh to do it, and if they do it ought to be the voice of one and all the In- diana to resent and to put a stop to an oh unjust Pro^ eeediDgs.

'^Brethren, the Six Nations:

'*\Ve received another Mes&age from you by Cona- jarca, requesting to be informed when the Proprie- taries buy any Landa of the Six Nations, that yoa might receive some of the ("onsidenition Money, Brethren, we sent your Belt to the Bix Nation Council at Onondago, being under an Engagement to treat wib none but them about T^andSj and they have your Belt now under consideration.

•^"Brethren, the Tmigh twees:

^*^A8 you are an antient and renowned Nation, we were pleased when you sent your Deputies now three Years ago to solicit our Alliance, nor did we hesitate to grant your Request as it came ^o warmly recom- mended to us by our Brethren the Six Nations, Dela- wares, and Shawonese; at your further Request we ordered our Traders to go among you with their Goods, and to sell You them at a reasonable rate and of good sorts. We understand that in obedience to our Com- mands the Traders have visited you and given you in- tire Satisfaction. By one of them, Mr. Hugh Craw- ford, we received a Message from you, pressing us to send a greater Number of Traders, and to this we returned you our answer by Mr. Montour and Mr. Croghan, who, we are informed, delivered it to you in one of your Tow^ns about two months ago. Mr. Croghan likewise informs Us at the same time two other Tribes of your Nation earnestly requesting to become our Allies, he and Mr. Montour did receive a Writing from You certifying such Your Request, and

^M	■	^M	^^^■^H
1	( 1 Papers of the Governor^. taining Your Promises of Fidt^lily and Friend- ly wliitli we have ftoim and npj>rovp. Brethren, the Kix Kalious^, Delu wares, Shawont^se, endaeta, and TwigLtwees, Hear wliat we have to to Yon all in general; I am informed bv Mr. Oroghan that th<i French and le Indians in their Alliance obstrnet our Traders, jv away their Persons and Ooods, and are gnilty lumy more outrat^eoue Practices, whereby the Roiid wc*en ua and You is now very unsafe to travel in, can we ask any of the Traders to go any moi\? r>nf?»t You Whilst their Lives and EffectB are in h imminent Danger. How coniee this to pa«s? ^8 not this proceed from the Pride and CovetousnesH Onontio, whom the Indians frecpiently call thrir her, because they do not :^ee hi.s ill designs? The >ng Houses you gave him Leave to erect on Yonr id^ serves (as your llrethn^n the English always
1	■

James Hamilton. 151

To the Assembly with Regard to the Report of the Commissioners to the Six Nations Indians, Etc.

GENTLEMEN: I was very well pleaised with jour Hesolutiou, Bignified to me at the Close of tbe last Session, to adjoaru to the Begianmg of this Month in order that vou mtgbt be the better enabled to congider frora such intelligence as might ttien be given You what meass-

H ures it might be in oi^^r for you to take with regard to

H Indian Affairs,

1 have since received a Letter fi*om Governor Clin-

H ton, acquainting me that by Advice of his Council h^ liaa postponed his meeting the Six Nation!* at Albany to tbe twentj'tifth of next Month to give tbe several Governors be has applied to on that Occasion more^ tome to consult their respective Assemblies on an Affair of so much Importance, desiring further, that if I have any Proposals to offer in Consequence of any Resolves to be made by You, that I should impart them as soon as possible; wherefore, if any such should occur that you think necessary to be settled previous to the said Treaty, you will please to com- municate them to me with all convenient Dispatch, and you may assure yourselves of my Readiness to concur with Y^ou in whatever may tend to the Interest of the Province.

Mr. Croghan having been lately in Town from Ohio, related to me the Intelligence contained in the Paper herewith laid before you, which for its Importance \ery well deserves, and I earnestly recommend to your most serious Attention. He is now returned to Ohio in order to deliver the Provincial Present to the Indians there about the middle of this Month.

If any thing new had happened in the Countries con- tiguous to New Y'ork, I am pers waded Governor Clin- ton would have communicated it to me, but as he has

	Ql	^^^^^1
	I Papers of tlie Governors. u altogotht^r Milent on that head I conclude there i been im Altei jition of AtfiiirK flieiv ftiiice your last ^sioii; I have, th(?refoi-e, now only to desire you to ise the contents of the Papei'H then laid before you, i to come to such ResolntionB thereupon as may ible me to do what is becoming this Government, i'he 65ix Nations whose Example will l>e followed all the other ludiaufci, s^^m to be actually afraid the French; and though their Affections are mani- tly in favour of the English^ yet if they tiud no Sup- t from them Kuflicieiit to dispel these Fears, it must exix^cted they 'will be obliged to quit our Interest i depend on those who will afford them better Pro- tion- 1 'his is the Light in which I see uiatters at proven t^ 1 should you concur with me in Sentiment I make doubt but your Ri^olves will be answerable to the igency of Affairs,
	■1

James Hamilton.

^53

Bojal Highneses the Prince of Wales— A Loss by so math the more to be lamented as that ext^ellent and mtmt amiable Priuce posspssed so many shining Qual- ities and uncommon Virtues ; nor tan this melancholy Event admit of any Consolation but in our Hope's of the Continuants of your Majestie-s Health, whith we most sineerely rejoice 1o bear ia i>erfeetly re-eiitab- !i»hed.

If the fervent Prayers of all good Men may pivvail, we have the sti-ongest reason to hope that your Majea- tie's precious Life will long he ftpored as a Blesaltig to jour Domini onii and for an Example of Instruction ta the Young Prince, who having the inestimable ad- vantage of being formed by your Ma jes tie's wise Coun- tiel and Direction, cannot fail to imbibe just Maxims of Government, by the Practice whereof Your Majesty has «o successfully promoted the true Interest of Your IVople and are so deservedly the object of their warm- est Gi-atitude and Affection.

\Ve pray God to comfort and support Your Majesty under this heavy Affliction, Alleviate Your Sorrow, and shower down on Your Royal Person and every l^ranch of Your Royal Family the choicest of his Blessings.

To the Assembly Concerning the Disorderly Conduct of Certain Persons in the Indian Trade and the Re- lations of the Indians to the French.

GENTLEMEN: You will herewith receive Messieurs Croghan's • Montour's Account of their Proceedings at the Delivery of the Pi^esent voted by you last Fall to the Indians at Ohio, and I am in hopes you will find it arrived very seasonably and has had a good Effect.

Papers of the Governors.

the Speech inserted in Mr. Croghan's Joiimal

to have been made by Monsieur Joncaire by order

le Governor of Canada) to the liidianB assembled

fauQcil, and by a Letter of the said loucaire to me

tie sixth of June last, which I have ordered to be

before you, you will perceive the Extensivem^ss

tie French claims on this Continent; That they are

[content with enjoying the Benetits of a fnee and

|oleste<l Commerce themst^lves without mailing it

(he same time excluaive of all others, and to that

jiose have used their utmost Endeavours to pre-

on tlio&e Indians to drive away our Traders f i^m

[ngst them and to discontinue any further Inter-

se with them on Pain of incurring the Displeasure

\he French (TOvi^i'unient, Ilut its thiMr Monat^es

not as yet had the desired EtTect, it is not an-

Irmable to siip[iost' that ^\hrn llie la^t answer uf

1 1ndians upon that liead slisUl 1m> n:ported to the

James Hamilton*

^55

0ve it a very smoiis t^on»id<^ratioii, and tn lomi? to »ucli Resolution thereupon as the pres4?nt favomble «)l>I*ort unity ^eeitis to point out.

By a Letter herewitli dellTered yon whieJi I have lat**Iy reccnvted from the Justices of Cumberland Ocmti- Ty, You will see that great Complaints are made of the ItTegnlaritiea of many of the Persons concerned m the Indian Trade, and of the Difflcnlties that attend the bringing offenders to Justice in countries so re- mote from the Inhabitants, whence it should s^eni our l^ws in that respect stand in need of aome Altera- tionB or Additions to render them effectual for the ^ood Purposes intended by thera. Whenever, there- fore, yon Bhall think fit to talce that Subject into con- sideration I shall readily concur with you in any ineasures that may tend to the better inforclng the Laws already in being, or in making such new Provi- sions as may be thought necessary for the more reg- ular and orderly carrying on that Trade.

Mr. Croghan has been at a considerable Expense in l>ringing some Criminals to their Tryal and in support- ing the Witnesses on their Journey, of which he has delivered in his Account, which you will pleas to in- spect and discharge.

Mr. Montour is exi)ected in Town by my order, to receive a recompence for his Services, which you will And have taken up a great deal of his time, and as I must do him the Justice to say that (by what appears to me) he has well performed what was intrusted to Lim, I hope you will pay him to his Satisfaction.

Mr. Weiser is likewise expected in Town, and will relate to you his Proceedings in the Execution of my Instructions respecting the Delivery of the Present to the Six Nations at Albany.

JAMBS HAMILTON.

August 13th 1751.

Papers of the Governors. lie Assembly Conveying^ the Refusal of the pro- ietaries to Bear any Further Expense in the liter of Treaties vvilh Indians, INTLEMEN: Agreeable to your Request in your Message of October last, I acquainted the Honourable the r ietaries with your Ex])eetatioo, that they would a Part of the Charges a risking upow Treaties and :* negrotiations with the Indians. In answer to h they have been plea^*^ to direet nie to acquaint rVesembly that they do not couceiA^e themselves r any obligation to contribute to Indian or any ■ publiek Expences, e\^n tho* Taxei* were laid on ^ People for the Phargei* of (lovernmeut; But a^ * is not one Schilling levied on the People for that ic4* there m less* I^?n*5on for afiking any thing of . Nnfwithshiiidini; whirh th^'y have ehart^ed them-

James Hamilton. 157

To the Assembly vetoing the Bill for Striking the Sum

of Forty Thonsaiitl Fountls and Continuing the Currency of the BilL^ of Credit of the Province,

GENTLEMEN: When I consider lljat by our strongest Sollici- tario!i» and with great Difticulty thi» niid the !??outhern Colonic b were ^nved out of th<^ late Aet of 1 "11 r I lament '*restraiiilug the Northern Colonies from ereatiDg or re-mi t ting any Bills of Credit except oa enddeii and extraordinary Elniergencies/' and that this Favour wa» nhewn to T\s in parti en I ar by the British Purliaoient upon Reprc^sen tat ions made on our Be- half that we had never exceeded the Bounds of Modera- tion with regard to the Qium titles by Us made, and that the last Emission wa^ of only the Sum of Eleven Thousand one hundred and Ten Pounds, I cannot think it adviseable at this time, wlien those Representations are fresh in the Memory of that Honourable Board, to whose consideiation it is well known our Laws are referred, to offer the Crown an Act of Assembly not only for the re-emitting our Present Currency for a long Term of years, but for a new Emission of a larger Sum than w^as ever at one time made in the Province, because I am apprehensive that such a Con- duct may probably subject Us to the Displeasure of his Majesty and the British Parliament, and thereby endanger our present Paper Money, or at least render future Applications for additional Sums less effectual. For these Reasons I cannot give my assent to the Bill liefore me for striking Forty Thousand Pounds to be made current and emitted on Loan, and for re-emitting and continuing the Currency of the Bills of Credit of this Province.

JAMES HAMILTON. March 6, 1752.

Papers of the Goveniors.

the Assembly vetoing the Bill for the Erection of Pounds*

EKTLEMEN:

As the supplementary Bill before me to tbe Act Entituled "An Act for erecting of rounds in eacli Iwnship of the Province/' appears to me tnanifefitly [interfere ^ith certain Rij^hts which the Hononrable loprietaries have claimed and received since the tirat It t lenient of the Province, I cannot give my assent ]make that Bill a Law,

JAMEB HAMILTON, March J 0th, 1752,

the AssetTibly further Disnpprovintf the Paper Money Hill

James Hamilton, 159

y their oWD trnderstandings and the Dictates of their own Consdenee^, This Rule I am pei ewaded you neyer swerved from, and there fom must the readier approve t#f my obser\ing it.

JAMES HAMILTON March 10th, 1T52.

Commission to Andrew Montour to Settle upon the Plantations over the Hills in Cumberland County and to Prevent Others from Settling there.

Br THE HONOURABLE JAMES JJA3FIL- tmi^ Esf/r., Zieufmant Gov^nar and Co^mmand- m*-in-C%Mf of the Pt'om^ws of Prnin^yl^mfiiuL^ and Count ff'fi of NeweaMh^ Kent^ and SiUiHe:r^ upon Delaware. To Mr. Andrew Montour —

Wlierea^^ It is represented to me that many Per- sons are lately gone and continually going over the Kittochtinny Hills to settle Lands not purchased of the Indians, notwithstanding the repeated Proclamations issued by this Government against such Practices, and that sundry Persons are now under Prosecution for the same; And loherea^s You, the said Andrew Mon- tour have signified to me that if it was permitted you to go and reside there you cou'd be very serviceal^le both to this Government and to the Six Nations, in keeping People off from settling on those unpurchased Lands, and that you are thereby induced to offer your Service to me for that Purpose, I have taken the same into consideration, and hoping that your public char- acter and the Relation you stand in to the Six Nations may open the Eyes of these unthinking People, do by these Presents permit, lycence, and authorize you the said Andrew Montour to go and reside in such Place

Papers of the Governors.

Iv tht^ Kitlochtimiy HiUh hb yon shall judjjje most

[tral and roovenitmt, in oi-der that you may by your

sonftl Care and Vigilance preserve thoBe Lands from

lo^ settled as well as warn all otf who have* pre-

laed to go there^ and do whatever is in your |>ower

] discourage olhf^rs from attempting it, letting all

:>w what an otl'ence it ia against this Government,

how injiirioui* to the Sis Nations* Btrictly requir-

you to report to me from time to time the Names

|8ueh People as presume to settle there that they

y be prosecuted^ and earnestly reronmiendiiig it to

to use your best endeavours that the ^ood Pur*

li^s intended by this Permission may be effect n ally

fwered, and that you act with the utmost Prudence

Ri^solution, so as not to give jusf (^aiisi* for any

to charge yini with a lirr^Mch of l»iitv in the

hmises.

under niy Hand and tlie Lessi^r Sen I of the laid Province, at Philadelphia the Ki'^htrf^utU Pav

James Hamilton,

i6i

iii& Majt/stv ha a been pi Leased to give these tiidiHtiB mu'U a Kjjtr'eiiiuui of liis^i tender Vnrv of tliem as to order them a Present, it is my advice that thoj give a yery eordiaJ Keceptioo to the Virgiiua Commissi on en?!, ac- t ej^t the King's Present with all becoming Thankful- ness^ and cultivate an atfet'lionate Priendj^hip with hi» Majesrie*s Subjects of that Colony. These are my sentiments, which I give you in Charge to communi- tate to the Six Nations and all the other Indians ret^iding at Ohio in »uch a manner as you shall think will make the deepest Impression on them, telling them that the kinder they are to the Virginia People, and particularly to those who are minded to trade ^ith tbeniy the more agreeable it will be to me, that J wish the Indians all manner of Happiness, and shall l>e glad at all times to give them the am]>le^t Proofs of \ my Regards for them. I wish you health, and am Your assured Friend,

JAMES HAMILTON. Philadelphia, 18th April, 1752.

Xetter to George Croghan Concerning the Relations of the Province with the Shawonese.

Philadelphia, April 24th, 1752.

ilR:

9'

yJ I have received your Letter of the eighth of Feb- ruar\% enclosing one from the Chiefs of the Shawo- nese, with Six Strings of Wampum, And I now enclose to you an answ er to the J^^aid Letter of the Shawonese, which I desire you will deliver and explain to them in the best manner, to which Purpose I have sent Six Strings by Hugh Crawford, w^hich you will please to receive from him.

11— Vol. II-4th Ser.

Papers pf the Governors. >u cannot hut be 8(^nHibU* that Application from India OB to tiiis (iovcnini-t for a&Biatanc^ towards ying ott a War with the French or any others t be y^YY disngreeahle, because you weH know L'rinoiples of the People here who have thedisposi- of the Publick Money are entirely averse to any measures; and therefore it lays ine under the ssity of either evading the Demand or of promift- what m not in my Power to perform, which I Id by no uieans chose to do, leee i>eople and all others in our Alliance may be red of our Fricndahip upon all oc-casions wht-re in our power to shew it consistently with the Cir- stances of the Province, but to encourage them 0 to W'ar and engage to assist them therein in t I rannot by nuy nit'aus uj^ree to for the Reason te mentioned, namtly, that I Hliouh! not l>r> able to 1 my en^ageuH^^nts in case any f^ncli I'roinist* sliotiM

James Hamilton.

163

Cmghun, and wUnesfsed bj Five Indian Traders, was iltliverHl to me K^ist week by Mr. llugb Crawford » and its* couteot^ have been carefully olmerved, by which ytm give nie to iitiderstand **that you will be faithful to Vn of this ProviDcej your true Friends, that the French are prefidious and have of late as well by their Threatninf^ as actions rendered you very iinenBj, having killed^ as you say. Thirty Twightweca,-*

We ho lie you are sincere in your Professions of Fidelity and Amity to Us. We always conceived of the French in the Light you repi*esant (hem, and that they will never be at re»t nor suffer yon to be so till they have niadc^ 131a ves of the Indians and taken from them all their Lands.

The Circumstances and real Inclinations of the other Indian Nations among whom you live, with regard to these bad men the subjects of the King of France, are not so well known to me as to enable me to give vou proper advice, but since I understand that his Majesty our great King over the Waters has invited you and the other Indian Nations to a Council to be held at Logg's Town this next month, and Mr. Craw- ford tells me all the Indians ai-e determined to be present at this Juncture at the meeting, I think the Counsellors and Commissioners for Virginia will be better enabled on the spot to judge of w^hat shall be proper for you and the other Indian Nations to do, and will, I doubt not, give you good and faithful advice.

Brethren — These People and W^e are all subjects of one Great King, and have the same Interests and the same affections for the Indians, our faithful and good Friends, so that I am perswaded they will pay a just attention to w^hat you shall be pleased to communi- cate to them, and give you such Council as they shall judge most for your real Interest and for the Benefit of all his Majestie's Colonies.

Papers of the Governors,

fov III J part i*luiU ever retain an affectionate ten- L'SB for the Sliawo^esie* and at nil timea be ready ^\ievv tbeir wantts and do them my I jest offit^es. [i» my answer T\'i11 be delivered you with six Igs of AVampum, arrordinij: to your Requestj reby yon shall Icuow that it comes from me. and Ive them and what T w^nte as a Testimony of the }r(^ Love of

Brethren^ Your true and assured Friend,

JAMES HAMILTON.

?r to the Governor of New York Concerning Cer- til Rutnors of Hostile Acts toward the French By h'tain Indians.

James Hamilton,

t6$

ttet I fear it would not he in my Power (w^luitcver Necessity tbere might be for it) to afford our Indian AiHe» that AesiBtance and Protection my owd Incli- nation leads me to, and which the Interest of tins Part iif His llajestie's DomiuiocB i^eem» to demand. If I receive any Intel Hgence from Ohio which I think worthy your Notice, I shall not fail to coniunmicate it to yon by the firftt opportunity*

Being with very great Regard, Sir, Your Excellency's most obedient And most humble Servant,

JAMES HAMII/TON,

^o the Assembly Adhering to an Amendment to the Fee Bill, Providing for the Proprietaries' Secretary.

P^ENTLEMEN:

Vj" I have well ex)nsidered the Reasons given in your Paper of yesterday for the Amendments there- in proposed, and sincerely wish our sentiments con- c^i*ning them had been the same.

The Business of the Propritaries Secretary prepara- tory to and in jnaking out Warrants and Patents for different Persons is so extremely various that it seems ^nipossible by Law to ascertain a reward that shall be ^^actly adequate to each service; therefore, all that ^aB be done to settle a Medium by which, on the whole, ^e may receive a compensation for hisi Trouble; and this, I think, will not be exceeded by the Assembly's {Agreeing to my Amendments.

The Fees allowed the Attorney General by my Amendments I am of opinion in general are not equal to the Trouble and Skill necessarily re(|uired to carry

Papers of the Governors,

[iinjnal Prosecutions, manj of which muist alwajss 1st through ihe Po^x?rty of the DefendaDts, Ir thes^ Reasons I cauuol recede from my former IdmeDte.

JAMES HAMILTON. ,ni9t 10, 1752.

rant for the Examination of a French Vessel desiring to put in for Repairs,

(E lfON(^URABLE JAMES HAMILTON,

Esf/ture^ Lieu fffift fit Oorernor and Command^t-

in - Ch !r f of the Pi m^ hi ct *^f Pa n n ^tjj ra 1 1 nt and

\tt€^vf New Cmtle. lumt^ tvnd Smj<e.r, on Dtla-

vitsrs, 77iOffiaj< Lhjyd^ Tli^Hfot^^ Peiwme, and Jamt^

p

James Hamiiton, 167

Reply to a Letter of the President of Maryland Re- questing the Extradition of certain Alleged Crim- inals.

Philadelphia, 24th April, 1752.

SIR; I have carefully enquired into the unhappy Af- fair mt?ntioned iu your Letter, and find one Jacoh KUzmiLler killed tlie deceased^ Mr. Digges, to tht^ Xartliward of the Temporary Line ron by his Majesly*B order of the year 173S, and tliat lie is now tmprtaoned at York to receive his Trial an for an offence com« mitted within that County.

I presume these matters are iadispu table and well IcnowD to you, therefore why you should hope I would "wrest tlie Offender out of tlio Hands of Justice here iind order him to be delivered to the officers of your ^Province for Tryal, merely because you are pleased "to alledge the Place where the Fact was committed lyes within the Limits of your Province and Govem- X3ient, appears to me somewhat extraordinary.

You have been misinformed as to the Time of Kitz- 'railler's Tryal, which has not hitherto been appointed; not through any Doubt of Jurisdiction, but the late severity of our Weather and the nece^ary Attend- ance of our Judges in Criminal Affairs at a tedious ^upream Court.

However, in regard to your bare claim of Juris- <iiotion, I shall order the Tryal to be delayed for a Reasonable time, that your Government if they think fit may disclose to me the Evidence upon which they (iemand it.

Such an Afflicting Disaster must now too late sug- gest to Mr. Digges very mournful Reflections on the Imprudence of resorting to Force, though uuder Colour of Law, to gain the Possession of disputed Lands near the Borders, especially at this Juncture, when we

Papers of the Governors-

great reason to hope for a jjipeedy end of all imr ^renres by a a Execution of tlie Lord Chancellors roe,

lam extremely «orry to hear of Governor (>gle*s lefjosition. I beg jou will phnist* to pieseut my Ipliments to him with my hearty wishefi fur his ^(ly H^covery, and brli^^ve me to be» with great irdj Rir,

Your nujst obedient, humble iSorvant,

J.iiMEH HAMILTON.

im\ Letter to the President of Maryland Concern- [e::the Extradition of Certain Alleg^ed Criminals,

|k:

Yiiu]' LtMtltT in ;iTis\

James Hamiiion.

Of arcf*pt of AttoniiiH-uts from the Ti^imntH of thi other Pruprivtor."

**That all vacaut lands In eon test between tlie Pro prk'tora not lying witliia either of the three Lower] i'ounties, aod not i.)Oss€?«sed by or under either of j them, on the Ea»t side of the River Ba^qoehannah down 50 far Booth ae Fifteen uiilei*, and (me Quarter^ of a mile South of the Latitude of tlie most Southern I l*iirt of the City of Philadelphia, and on the West Side (if the said River Hasqtiidianriah, down *io far South, m finirtt*f*n Miles and thret^-Qiiarterg of a mile South i of the Ijatitude of the most Southern Part of the City (if Philadelphia. The Temporaiy Jurisdiction OTer- thti same is agreed to be exercised by the Proprietors ^ of Pennsylvania and their Governor, ("ourts, and offi* eers, and as to all snch yaeant Lands in contest be-1 tween the Proprietors, and not now possessed by or under either of them, on both sides of the said River Sasquehannah South of the respective Southern Lim- its in this Paragraph before mentioned, The Tempo- raiy Jurisdiction over the same is agreed to be exer- cised by the Proprietor of Maryland and his Governor, Courts, and officers, without Prejudice to either Pro- prietor and until the Boundaries shall be finally set- tled."

These Articles and order establish in the Proprietor of Maryland a Jurisdiction over all Lands then Pos- sessed by or under him, altho' to the Northward of the Temporary Line, and in the Proprietaries of Penn- sylvania a Jurisdiction over all the other Lands to the Northward of those Lines.

The Fact (to which 1 think it improper for me to give a name before a legal Tryal) was committed to the Xorthward of the Lines; th(Tefore if a Jurisdiction be claimed on Behalf of the Proprietor of Maryland, in my apprehensions it will be necessary at least to show it was done on some Tract of Land at the time

Papers of the Governors.

pakiDg the Rojal Order possessed by or under |late Ancestor,

your claim now appears founded on the Right r. John Digges and the I'osseesion of him, his Ten- lor Tenants under that Rifjht, i pTOSflime Clear |i"B ought to he made:

. That Mr, Digges had Right to Ijand under the

Baltimore. Ily, That the Place where the Act was done Ij^ lin the Limits of that Laud.

f}\ That Mr, Digger, his Tenant or T<?tiants, were l^ssetl of Buch Place at the tfme of the Royal OrdiT. lave perused the Papers inelosed to me as Evi- ■e, and with regard to the first Point rannot find IVnthoiity by whit-b Jlr. iJif^^ges nia'ile his* Survey Inch as mentioned.

to the siH'ond, T\'h ether tbe Pbicv where the Aet Idoue Ives within tbe Limits uf Land held bv Mr.

James Hamilron.

171

f

fiidering lus misfortune, ma,v be les^ii cnilpable than the ft»«t of his ueighbonrgi; but to avoind thos^* and efttab- Wi^h future Peace and Tranquilitj were the Articles and Order made by which the Possessions of Lands then held under either Proprietor, however obttyned, und their Jurisdietion over such Lands respect ivel^j were ifranted and confirmed*

Heeing the Question lief ore ub in n CrimiiiaT Case,

whertnn the Life of one of His Majesties Subjects

wH*m» immediatelj concerned, for po^iblj uiK)n the

»Iurisdl<:tion the nature of the Crime may depend, I

must otTer it to your Consideration whether I ouglit

to admit as suffitnent Proof ex parte Depositions taken

in vour Province, and one of them many Years ago

wijon liome other occiision, or whether Law and Ei^ason

<in not require that the Witnesses should appear and

♦loj)ose in this Province, in order to give the Prisoner

*he Benefit of Cross-examining, and counter-proving

^^lem if he can. I do not by this presume to direct

*n what manner you shall prove your Jurisdiction,

'^^ut let you know that ultimately I must judge of the

-■*i*oofs you are pleased to offer agreeable to Law ac-

^'Oi-ding to the best of my Understanding.

^Farther, I retiuest that whatever Papers have been ^^ shall hereafter be transmitted to me concerning ^t^is Affair may be legally certified and attested, not ^Hat I have the least Diffidence of the Honour of your -Government, but to avoid the just censure of allowing ^^«s than Authentick Testimonials in a matter of so ISreat • Importance.

The Part of your Letter which endeavours to account ^or a peremptory Demand of the Prisoner without I^roofs, is very kind in presuming me unapprized of Pacts done on the Borders above one hunderd miles from the City of Philadelphia, and so many years before I came to the Government, and in declaring you could not harbour the least Thought of my Inten-

Papers of the Governors.

to eountvimnce siirh a bold violation of bij^ Ma-

lw'¥^ ordt'i'. In retiiin I decrlare I nevcM* hc*ard of

kmiHer or his Dispute with Mr, Digj^ff^ until tlie

JDisai^ter, and now aU the Fruits I am like lo reap

|ii them are my concern for an unfortunate Father

a great deal of anxiety aud trouble, Surely all

sons must be uu concerned about the Place of

il except for the sake of Justice, whicli shall be

|olably observed by me to the utmost of my skill

Power*

Jiij Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant,

JAMES Hamilton/

Ihiladelphia, 22d May, 1752.

ter to the President nf Maryland Dec) in in j^ Extra-

James Hamilion,

^73

the County of York, in Uub Province, on tha thirtieth Day of October next, where PersonB authorised by your GoTernmeiit, if it be tbouj^ht coni^ietiieut, or any other* concerned, may lay before the Grand and Petit June?4 qualified to try hini, all le^al Proofs to stheWj the Jurissdiction in this earn bi^longs to the Lord Pro-' I>rietor of Maryland.

Until the receit of your la»t Letter it was [M^rfectly i: 11 know II to me tliat Taxes had been assessed or levied by the Commissi oiierSy &t*a»j of the County of York on any of the Inliabitant^ by the Royal Order mfid(» Hiibjeet to your Jiirisjdietion, and in order to prevt'iit any thing of that kind hereafter, I innnediately d in- put ehed orders to discontinue all Proceed in jp;s there- upon if any such had been made, being desiroim to the^ TUmiist uf my Power to avoid all Oeeasion^ of t^on- tention upon thes^e Points, and to maintain Peace and good Neighbourhood between the tw^o Provinces agree- able to his Majesty's Royal Intention. I am with great Regard, Sir,

Y'our most obedient humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTON.

Pardon of Hamilton Carsan sentenced to Death for Housebreaking.

GEORGE THE SECOND, BY THE GRACE of God^ King of Great Britain, trance, and Ireland, Defetidei' of the Faith, and so forth. To all Persons to whoni these Prestmts shall come, Ch-eeting:

Whei^eas, Hamilton Carson, of the County of Lan- caster, at a Court of Oyer and Terminer and General (iaol Deliveiy held at I^ncaster for the Borough of

Papers of the Governors,

leas^ter on the twenty sixths twentysevpntli, am! bnty-eighth days of October in the "h^^enty-Hixth Ir of our Reif^n, was eonviettMi of feloiiioUKly und rglarily brealiinf^ and entering the Mansion House JAbraham (xraff, in the said County of Lanainter. Ihe Night l^nie, and s^teaiing and taking one Quar of a Pieoe of Eight, one eighth Part of a Pieee of rht, and Five Rhillingsi in Money, numbered of the IkIs and That^els of the said Abraham Graff, And ^ginent by the said Court then and there was given

pronounced, that the said Ha mi I too Carson should I hangt^d by the Neck until he Bhould be dead. it} Know Ye^ that we being graciously pleaj^ed to lend our Royal Mercy and Compassion to the said luiUiMi Car^iau, Have r<Mn[ttt.-d, released, and par led. And by these rrescnts do remit, release, and |don unto the said Ilamillnn Carsan All and every

Kahl OflVMice and OllerH^es whei^'of he was eun-

James Hamilton. 175

P

■ Warrant for the Execution of Daniel Hurley Sen- I tenced to Death for Felony and Murder,

GEORGE THE SECOSI), HY THE GRACE of God 0/ Greai Briiam, Fmnct^ and Ireland^ lung^ Defender of the Eaith^ and m f(>Hh^ to Samiiei' Morns ^ Enquire^ Slieri^ of the City and Cmfuty of Pkiladslj^hiaj Greetmg;

Whereas^ At a Court of Oyer and T<^rniiner and Tieneral Gaol Delivery, held at Philadelphia for the Cmmty of PhiUidelphia, on tin* thirteenth Day of Xovember, Instant, before William Allen and Caleb Cowpland, Es<iinre9, our Justk-es of our Bupream Court of Pennsylvania, rind of our s*aid Court of Oyer #tnd Terminer, A eertain Dauii>l Hurley was prestmted* -irraigaed, and tried foi- and convicted of a Felony *cnd Murder by the said Daniel Hurley committed on tile Body of a certain James Clark, by striking and ^^ labbing him with a Knife in and upon his Neck near '^ ^ the Windpipe, of which he instantly died. And the ^^--aid Daniel Hurley did then receive Sentence of our ^"^^--siid Court of Oyer and Terminer, that he should go ^^^om thence to the Place from whence he came, and ^^^ aom thence be led to the Place of Execution, and ^^ Hiere be hanged by the Neck till he should be dead; "^^^f Which Sentence Execution remaineth to be done. —^^hese are therefore to require and command you to ^*^ee and cause the said Sentence to be executed upon ^^he said Daniel Hurley at the usual Place within or ^near the City of Philadelphia, on Wednesday next, V^eing the twenty ninth of this Instant, November, be- tween the Hounj of Ten in the Forenoon and Four in the Afternoon of the same Day, with full Effect, as you \\'ill answer the neglect hereof at Your Peril. And we command all our Officers, Magistrates, and others our Subjects within our said" Province to be aiding and assisting to you in this Service. In Testimony

Papers of the Governors.

bof we have cuuBed the Lesser Ben] of our eaid

|Qce, to be h( reiinto affixed. Wiines^^ Jame^ Jfitm-

Esquire I by Vert lie at a Contniifjt&^ion from

Penn and Riehard Penn^ Esqtiires, truo and

fiitt^ rroprjetsn'it^s of the naid Provinct*, and with

\Uyy\\\ aiiprobatioii). Lieutenant (luveraor and

liiiTHli*r in-riuef of the Province aforsaid, nnd

ti(^8 of Kewrastle, Kent, and 8u*isex upon Dela-

at Pbilad£lphirt, tbe Twt nty-Fiftli I>ay of No-

■t^r, in the Year of our I^ord One Thonssmd f?even

ped and Fifty-two, and in th<* Tw^enty-sixth Year

Reign,

JAMES HAMILTON.

pcve for Thomas Kellv muler Sentence ryf Dcaili

James Hanuhon,

177

Uion^ Eii<iuirt^ Lft>uteiuin* < governor uf tbi^ Miu<l l*mv- ine^ atid Cuuutity uf Nt^wrasitle, Ken I, and Siis8( x upou Delaware, at I'hiiudelijhia. \he EiglU J>ay of l>e<*^tiibrr. iu tile Vear of our Lord Oik* Tlio unwind 8evi*ii Ilimdrrd and Fifty-TwOj and in lUu Twentysixth Yesir of ntir HeigD.

JAMEB HAMILTON.

To the Assembly witli Another Veto of a Paper Money

BilL

GENTLEMEN: The many Advantaj^jes we derive* from the use of I'aper Money ought to make us extreamly care- ful to avoid every Step lliat may po.ssihly endanger it. I am well assured the Dislike raised in Britain of the Hills of Credit in the Phmtations hy the hite too Gen- eral and undistinguishing Complaints still so warmly subsists as to make any applieation to the Crown about our Currency at this time very unseasonable.

With a view therefore tliat no share of your Time may be si)ent unprofitably. I think myself obliged to deehu-e to you thus early ( tliough w ith a good deal of eoucern for our Difference in oi)inion) that 1 cannot at present give my Ai^sent to any Bill for re-emitting the Current Money of the Province, or for issuing any additional Sum.

JAMES HAMILTON. January 26, 1753.

12— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors*

the Assembly concerning^ the Impending Invasion If the western Cnunties by French and Indians,

IkNTLEMEN:

By the Intf lligenec- containi^ in tht^ several Fa- jl^^rs now laid before yoii, it may be expected that I Country of Alleghany f^iluate on thc^ Waters of the imrlly witliin the Limits^ of this Provinee and tly within those of Virgitiia, already is or will he In a little time iirvad^^d by an Anoy of French and la kifci raii^t'd for this Piiqiope by the Oovemor of Can- L And that the Indians inhabiting these, who are of Isix Nations with a mixture of Hhawonese and Dcla- h s. FriendH and AHie» of (htnit Britain, will be i^fd t(j ret ill* and leave tlu/ir ("uiiulry for wiuit of Inift to deh^nd it agaiiif^t ihis arnipd Force, as will I) tho TwighlweeH lately rri*tjnini«'ndp(l tn onr Al- ee hy Ihe Hix XatM^rif*. And vvliat his Majt^stie's

James HaniiUon.

179

Traders; But Your own Jiidginent will ^uggvst what iudi rrrrhibition laii aiiioiml to fi^om a People wh<* are not at present in a Condition to deft^nd tlu^msehew. and wlio besides are s^tarying for want of the Nece**- «arie$^ of Life.

Tender these Diflftciilties what can they do nnleae his Majestie's GoverDor^, to whom they will undoubt^ edlT make very earnest Applicationa, shall atTord theni Assistance? And if this b** not now given them Sftti table to their NeeeKsitien, ean it be thought that tbey vrill any longor adhere to their Alliances or hes^i- tate to put themselves and their Allies under the Pro tectiofi of France, w^ho they see in a condition to protect thera?

Think, Gentlemen, I beseech You, of the Confte- qoenees of having Fortn bnilt and Indian Kations set- tled by the French within and near the Limits of this Province, and within a small Distance from the inhab ited part of it. Are the People settled on our West Frontiers like to live in Peace and Quietness, or to be able to preserve their Possessions? or will they not desert them and the Fruits of their Labour and seek for Habitations elsewhere rather than see them- selves continually exposed to the Inroads and Depre- dations of Enemy Indiana? But there is no need for me to enlarge on this disagreeable Subject, or to set forth the sad Effects that must unavoidably arise from the Neighbourhood of French Forts and Settlements, since these w ill naturally offer themselves to the Mind of every One. I therefore earnestly entreat Y'ou to take this Matter into Your Serious Consideration, and as there is great Reason to expect that Applications will be made to me as w^ell on the Part of the Six Na- tions at Onondago as by those who reside to the West- ward and are like to be more? immediately affected by these Proceedings, I request you would in your present Sessions enable me to give them assitance answT-rable

> Papers of the Governors.

tlieir Ex1genri(*s^ sensible as you Tuust be that it is

^ indis4j)t?nfiiblo Duty of i very Guverument to prole<*t

id take rare of all it^ Inhaliihintti, whether they l>i*

\m Majestie's Natural born ^nbjeeta or Natives of

nieiifa in Ariuly with the Crowu of Oreat Britain

' their Friends aed Allies.

JAMES HAMILTON. J2d May, 1750.

'arrant for the Survey of the French Schooner Nos- tra Seij^nnra fie Re;!ario. etc. as to her Suitafnlity to proeeetl witliont puttni^ in for Repairs.

D '^''

UK nosn ( UA IILE.IAMES. HAM-

/it^'jitii'i, Lii<^iitetta)it Gowrnor and

ComnutndtT-iii-Chit-f of thr Pi'ftvhtvi uf

James Hamilton,

181

and survey tlie said Hdiooner and report to tut* Urv

rimdition, that it may be further considered what

Unlvty, til givnt* rehitin^ llif-^reto.

Ohm amler mj Haad and the Lesi^er 8eal of the Prov- ince, at rhiladelphia I he seveuth Hay of August, 1753,

JAMEH nAMII.TON,

Authority far the French Schooner Nostrn Seignora de Kozaria, Saint .\nn.i, and Saint Antonio to Put

in for Repairs.

WflEHEl P0^* THE GOVERNOR INDER THK Eadorsement gave the foUovviu|j; IVrmission 1 I being satistied of the Truth of the Allij^iitions intb^ I*etitioii nf the with hi lueiitiniM-d rapt. Nery. do fttTTiiit hiiu to get iiiw \'t«S!^rl n^psiiriMl in this INal aiet KMJD a* fonveniently may be, and in the mean time tfl land his Targo into the Kings StoH* under the Tare <^ tbt^ CoJIec'tor of liis Majeslie's CiisUinis, until the aame shall be re-shipped, save 80 mut*h thereof as, U[MjD tlie aeeonnii* of tlie wiid Taipt. Xi^ry's ntnvssary Hmrges; of sm-ii Ii«-ijairs, ^^:ea,. being laid bcftuv me, Ishal! r^rder to l^e *«old for defraying sneh Chargi*>i,

JAMES ilA MILTON. Philadelidiia, l*tU August, ITo;*,

I'^tier to Robert Sanders Concemins^ Certain Knj^lish Prisoners in the Hands of the pTench Canadian In- dians.

Philadelphia, July 2Sth, liria.

SIR: I have received the Favcnir of your I^etter of the twenty-firs^t nf June last relating to the poor unf*ir ^Mtf' Men, Alexander MeOintyjjnd others iSvlio have

|82

Papers of the Governors.

leen wrongfully taken and detnioed Pnaoners iti Can^ |da), and am miwh obliged to you for voiir Can* in ransmitting the AecouGt to me.

As I am very desirocs of obtaining the Releast? of 111 one poor People, I have directed Mr. Weiser, our 'rovince Interpreter, to wait on you a^ he pa»m^ Dii'ougli Albany, and to concert with you the proi>er |Ie:ins of etfecting it; and shall esteem myself obliged \t comply with any Agrei^mciit He nliall tenter into Jith you or others upon that Head. J whall also take ai^ an additional Favour if You will be pleased to live him your Advice and Assifitance upon the ot ca* jion, and am. Sir,

Your niD»t obedient Be*rvaut,

JAMES HAMll/HiN. KiilK-rt Handers, Esquire,

James Hamilton. 183

tiiem, tho* the Facta be ever m clearly proved. Ah mtm B» I rect?ned ymir Letter I forthwith ajjpUed myst*lf to enquire after the Persoiiin concerned iu the ¥mtB mentioned in the affidavits therein enclosedj but ttan informed they were gone to AHegheny, parlien larly Taffe and Calleiidar, and I believe they are not yet petnrned; but as they may be soon expected 1 have Sent Copies of the Affidavits to the Pnithnnotary of Camberlaud County, where they reside, with 1)1 rec- tloBs to take their EicamltLations and send theui to me, and they shall be transmitted to you by the Ih-st ( km Tr<?y an re after 1 shall have received them; and 1 heartily offer you my A^siBtauce to bring tliem and all others, such E^il Doers, to Justice.

Immediately on Keceit of the enclosed Letter froiii Governor Clinton, on the Instant I dispatched Two Messengers to Ohio to make known to our Tradei's and Indian Allies the Intelligence therein contained; One of them goes the Lower Way through your Govern- ment, the Other by way of Juniata, by which Means the account will be the sooner and more generally spread, and I am in hopes they may arrive time enough to give the Traders an Opportunity of securing their Per- sons and Effects.

I presunje you must have received from Capt. Trent an account that Hostilities have been already begun by some Parties of the Ottaw^a Indians at Allegheny, and that some of our Traders have been taken and murdered and others plundered of their Goods, and that a large Body of French and their Indians was expected at Ohio, with intent, as it is said, to take Pos- session of the Country and effect the total Expulsion of the English; In which case the Indians in Our Alliance will no longer be able to maintain their In- dependancy, but all must fall into the hands of the French; nor can the Governments of Virginia, Mary- land, and Pennsylvania, expect long to preserve Peace

4 Papers of the Governory.

the Partw boidering on tlu>»*: Intliaii roiiiilries. A

|f>Ht iinliapjjv Hitiirition thisllotli fornur Indian Allies ttd hi^ Maj<:^tie\«5 Hubjofts, nm\ ii rrnreediug; in db jet A'iolation of Treaties t^nb«istihf^ between tlie lowns of Kn^bnid and Fninc^(:\ by whiuli a nuitual Ij^lit to a free aud oi»en Trade is tirmlv and clearly hiiilated.

I Our AftHetnbly being to sit on the twenty-fir&t of \\n Month wiU ^nve me an oppcH'tiinity of eoniniimi- llirig this Intelligence to them, and of expressing |v own Heutinu'ots of the Xeee^ssity of K<^'i*i^ ^*'^^ llie^ some immediate A^istance, and I doubt not hut lu will think mimething of the sume kind ought to be Ine on the Part of Your (\ilony; in the mean time Ithiiik it NtH-essary as^ soon as \\v nw ahlr to pstaiv l^h rh^ar Fuets wilh re^^ard lo ihej^e rnuei'iiin^s, sir tln^ same bt^n;^ fiiily jaoveil inid aul Ijcntiealed lould be Iransijiitted lo liis Maj<->^( i^'s Mhiisters, in

James Haniiiton.

185

ri great Regiird lor; And 1 the more readilj obey their roiiiiiuiDdfei in tliese several Partirnlars as 1ln\v art? jitTft*ftly agreeable to uiy own Sentimeuts and ineii- Liations, I atti^

8ir, Your very huiiible Bervant,

JAME8 HAMILTON. Ooverour Dinwiddle,

Second Letter to the Governor of Virginia Coiicem- iug^ the Frontier and Indian DifHcuUies.

I*luhul*'fplna, 2d ATiguHt, 175;L

!R:

^ Ever since I received your Letter of the twenty- tirst of May in answer to mine of the >^ixth of that Month, J have waited with Impatience for some Sat- isfactory Account of Indian Allairs, but have not been able to obtain any.

But as it may be presumed that the Indian** at Ohio, though dissolute and irregular, will not act but by Directions from Onondago, I have sent Mr. \\ eiser thither to learn how far that Council have b(*en ma^e acquainted with or givc^n Countenance to the Proceed- ings of the French, and what Directions they have thereupon given to their l*eople at Ohio, and, also, what Assistances they expect from the English on this occasion; for until thc^e Things be fully known it i» impossible for me to judge what to do. Mr. Weiser will have a fair opportunity' of coming to the bottom of Mattel^ with the Six Nations, as I expect he will reach Onondago at the time those Indians are assem- bled to treat with Col. Johnson in behalf of the Oov- ernor of New York. On his Return I shall take a Pleasure in imparting his News to you, and in giving

Papers of the Governors.

|>u my Sentiments thereon; for I repeat my asfiur

ices ta you that I entertain no Jealoiisiefi with re-

l^ect to Virgininj but heartily Tvi^b to proniote your

iccees by any means in my Power.

[The Governors of New York have lieretofot^e at-

[mpted to bring all the Colonies to act in a conjunct

:>dy in Indian Affairs^ but widiout Success; owing,

|presume to their mutual and injudicious Jealous*ie8

Each Other. Nor is this in my opinion likely ever

be effected unleses the Ministry at home can fall on

Inie e3ci>edient to compel it.

I The Principles, either real or [pretended, of the Ab-

Jmbly of this Frovince will not permit them to act

such a joint Scheme as yon mention, nor to do any-

Jiug of a Warlike Nature, Sometime aj^o t movcHl

them at the Instance of oui' Proiirietaries the build-

|g a Strong Trading llousr somewhere neiir *)hin.

used all the Ar^^uuieuts in my Power lo per s^ wade

James Hatnilton» 187

litri^etually kept under the Influence of Strong Liquor, >Qo of eitber sort can be trusted? And whilst the h\A way of doing Business by Deputations of [ndiang waiting on the several Governments in Places as- iiigned for that Pnrpofie is neglected and disregarded M the rodtan? to wins: perhaps to tht? otlQciousness or ielf Interest of Traders thrusting themselves into the Carriage of Messages), what Intelligence can be de- jM^nded on? How can the Behaviour or real Disposi- tlan of the Indians be known? or how can Presents be distributed so as to answer any publick Purpose?

I could, theix^fore, wi&h it was recounneiided to the Indians at Ohio to observe a greater Regularity In their publick Transactionn, and not to send Message* hj private Hands but to send them by Two or Three nr more, as the Tape may r^^riiiire, of their own Body, with whom the several Governments may confer, and learn the true State of their Affairs.

I wish your advices may induce the Ministry to take into Consideration the Pretensions of the French to the Lands on the Ohio and its Brancht^s, as well as to an exclusive Right of trade in all the Countreys to which the French King lays Claim. All that I know of those Pretensions is from a Letter of Monsieur Lajonquiere, Governor of Canada, to Governor Clin- ton on the following occasion:

Mr. Clinton having received Information in 1751 of the French building a Fort near the Falls of Niagara, and of their having taken Prisoners some of the In- habitants of Pennsylvania who w^ere trading with the Twightwees on the Miamis River, as they innocently thought they might in a time of confirmed Peace, sent a Gentleman of New York with a I^etter of Com- plaint to Monsieur Lajonquiere, the French Governor, and in Return received an Answer from him justify ing both the one and the other; of these Letters Mr. r'Hnton was kind enough to send me Copies, and as

■		^^^^^1
1	3 Papers of the Governors. m these you maj be able to form some }udgmeut the Fi-eiidi rit^ttMiKioiis, and likewifte r^learly stK^ It it will answer no Purpose to wijte again to tlie veraor of Canada, I have enclosed you Copies of rt may not be amiss further to acquaint you that ivernor Clinton sent Copies of these Letters to tlit* rretaries of State, together with an aeeount iif ue lA^aden Plates tal^en by the Indians from tlie rneh who accompanied Monsif*ur Coloron in I74f^ lereon were engraven Inscriptions eontaiuing pom* us elainis in tlie Xanie of the Freneh Kinj^ to the uds bordering on the i)hio, Keveral of these Plate» re bnrii^d near the Banks of that River at proper Uanci^s by Celoron. wlio marehrnl from i(w lleadB to ■- mouUi nf Ouabjnk, as wrll for tliat purimse as trr rn ot\ tlu* En^Mish, calling them Traitors and threat- i;: In kill thrill if lu^ shcMild Ilu i-i'afh r find tlinii in
1	■

James H ami! ton, 189

Artrul hif^imiations of ilie Fiviuh, with a vipw that tljey miiy »l] be di-stroypd in time, I know not,

I bavt* r<*ct^iv<^d v(*p*^nU*d Atx-oniits that the Pretich have built a Fort at Hoetuihjnce, a place near the head nf Oliio, and about one himduHl and Twenty miles from Log's TowB, and exi>e('t to lieur of their march to that Town, but with what Views or with what ntim- bert* I cannot learii for (^erhiiu.

At tfie Inj^tJinr^^ of Andn^w Montour, who left this Place a few day hinee, I send you the enclosed Pacquet with thr(*e 15«^Hs of Wtniipiini, by the T*o^t ; and at the Request fjf Mr- \Veii!*ei\ who will be yjlad to mrvv your iiovernment upon any oecai*ion, I am todeeireyoii will [deatie to i*end nie a t'opy of the Indian IM^m! exeeuted at I^neaster, or an F^xtraet of the deseriptive Part of it, with the niarkw and Namf»K of all the mi^nei-8» that he may know and be enabled in case of need from that Conveyance to set the Indians Right, in case they should have forgot or mistaken the Hounds of their own Deed.

I am, Sir, Your most obedi(mt and most Humble ^^ervant,

JAMES HAMILTON.

(fovernor Dinwiddie.

To the Assembly Concerning a Bill for the Addition of Twenty Thousand Pounds to the Paper Cur- rency.

GENTLEMEN: In answer to your Message of the Twenty-tifth of May last, I now send you down the Bill entituled **An act for striking the Sum of Twenty-thousand Pounds to be made f^urrent and emitted on Loan, and

Papers of the Governors.

|r reemitting and continuing the Currency of the Jills of Credit of this Trovinee/* with some few lendments, to wbith I presume You am have no bjection.

1 1 cannot, however, but acquaint you that in giving

jy iissent to thisi Bill I have acted rather in cum-

[iauce to your rept^ated Applications than that in

own Judgment I could tbiuk an Addition to our

irreucy at this Time absolutely necessary, I am in

I opes, nevertheless, that as the sum to be emitted

not exorbitant, it may he attended with oo bad

:)n sequences to the l*i-ovince.

JAMEB HAMILTON. I Philadelphia, Aus»Ht 3S)th, 1753,

In the Asseniblv ConceninK^ tlic Situation of Indian

James Haniilron.

191

of the Minds of tbe Bix Nations aod of the true Bitua- tion of their AtTaii*8, 1 dispatched Mr. Weieer the latter- End of the last Motitb to the Oiiondago Country for liitelligenre upon all sueh Points as may be lioees- hsiry for me to kutn\\ intendiug to take my measures from the Advices he shall briDg from thence.

The 8iini appropriated for a Present of Condoletire to the Twight^nn^s tihould have been long since laid out in (roods suitable to the Occasion and sent them; but it having been repregiented by oil wlio came from the Westward that the French were on their March to OhiOt and had dispatched befoi'e them several Par- ties of their Indians, I thought the sending them under these Circumstant*e« would be attended with too great a Bisque of their falling into the Enemies Hands to- gether with the Pei-sons employed in transporting them through so large an extent of Country, being veil assured that unless tbe Present be delivered to them in one of their own Towms it will be liable to pvat Embezzlement, as well as fall short of its in- tended ElTect. AVhen these diiiiculties are removed the Present shall be forthwith transmitted to them.

JAMES HAMILTON.

Philadelphia, August 29, 1753.

Further to the Assembly Concerning the Paper Money Bill.-

GENTLEMEN: When I sent dowm the Bill for striking Twenty Thousand Pounds to be made current and emitted on Loan, and for re-emitting and continuing the Cur- rency of the Bills of Credit of this Province, I had not the least apprehension that the amendments by me

Papers of ihe Governors.

[oposed foil Id have peiid^^ri^d \i iiironsiHtf^nt with the

|ou(nn' of the HoUKf or of the Triis^st reposed in them

[■ Hieir Const! tueots to have excepted it, e&i>eeially

uii iiispertinj^ the Joiinialei of your House of the

i*ar 1T4G, I find that when the saine Instruction in I Case of the liKe kind was then urged upon the As- luihly hy tlie hite Governor, the^^ i^'ere so fnr from Lsputiu^ that they apiK^ar clearly to have admitted le Validity of it in ordinary oases*, and at that time Illy hoped the then Governor on reconsidering the l>yal Tuj^truenon mi^ht think liini^*lf at Liberty to \\-i* his AjsM^t to a Bill for striliing a ftiHher Bum Money in Bills ut Credit, when any extraordinai-y

iierironey re^juired it, Renie it seems plain that

i*y did nt^t then think his Mnjr^stie's riifitrnetinns, lunded on an AddivHs t»f ihe 11 on He of Comniona, |lli*/r ille^'al (U* temporary, ur that it was dostruc^tive

tlii» Liherties granted To tlrc^ IN^^ijilr r»f this l*jn\iu(*e; llM^twi»*e> in IhUv to tlietr rduslitnrnt;^ Hiev \\ftultl

James HaniiHon.

193

rfovH'iiurH of IbiH 1*1^(^1 m-t^ Ijcfurf^ tbt* Yinir 174(1; **thi*rwitH.* it is reiiKonable to *onrliide ihvy would have jmid the ft^iiiir dutiful obedience to^ it as wii» dnot* hy your latt* (toveriior. Kor perhnpH is a rositrainln^ Iiiijtrnefioii so iiect^ftsary upon any other oceasion as in the Hiisiness of Money, over whieli the King liaving fH'Culiar Preroj>nti\t*^i mav well thinly liimself entitled to rbiim the Superintendanee.

I eoiifeiBS myself at a lo«s to eonceive how an In- fttrurtion d tree ted to a partirnhtr (lovernor by name, i}V to fhf* Conunander ill (1ii*^f of the Hnnu* Pnniuee for th<* Time bein^, eao be deemed to bind that par- tietilrtr (»ov*rnoi' on!y ^inil ni*t bis Kiifressor. hi nee by tliar Way tif Reasoning it i^ ]i(*si«Mildi* the Kin^'V Iri- HtTUctions, however neeeSHary, urm>at, nnd wellfoimd- hK nii^lit b(^ iilto^**thtM- fnisfrnlrnl by tlu^ D^iiili or Removal of the particular Person to whom they are i>y Name directed. I am j)erswaded tliat upon Recol- lection You cannot think there is much weijijht in tliis Argument; and as to its beinj? temporary in its own Nature J «nn far from thinking that to be the case, either from the face of the Instruction, in w^hieh po Limitation of Time is expressed, or from your Rea- soning upon that Head. The several Reports, Ad- dress, and Royal Assent (except that of the 21st of January, 1740, in which the Cliarter (rovernmeuts are mentioned not much to their advantage), refernnl to in your Mess-age, tho' not set forth in their Order of Time, are all of them prior to the Royal Instruction; from whence it is natural to conclude, that altho' his Majesty upon the Report of the Lords of Trade in our favour was graciously pleased to indulge T^s with the Sum of Eighty Thousand Pounds, as being a just Medium at that Time, yet being made acquainted with the abusers that had crept into some other of his Colo- nies, imoderate Quantities of Paper Money, and ap- is—Vol. IT— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors*

j-ebeBding We might pOBSiblj run Jnto the same cresss, is!iKiJ*:*0 tiiis^ Instruction with a View to re- rain Us from injuring onr selves and the English Lichanta hy inmect^uHaiy Eiuisaions of Bills of Credit, jr is it to be duubted that if you can make it appear his Majestie':* Ministry that an Addition to your irrency would be at this Time be of Seryice to the I'ovincej the ^me Royal Favour will be again extend- to you as was upon your last Application, 'on art* pleased to acquaint me that You are at a ss to undei^staiid why I, who in the Vear 174& rep* li^cnted a Bill then depending in the House of Com- l>n9 for enforcing the Orders and Instruetions of the rown in America to be of mischievous Tendency, jould now, without any apparent Necessity, contend Ir the prupoi^Ml AmemJmeiit. Jn answer to which I ^w inform You that I am still of tlie .same Opinion |th Itejxaid to that Bill as at die Tiini^ You iiu^iilion; suivlv a veJT moderate* Share* of Penetrahun i;^

James H ami i ton.

195

tlial in the Course of this PJxn mi nation tou i^ill pro- c(*e<l with such Temper and Modomtlou thtit You may g^ve the World no Room to repeat the Charge made against this Province, among others by the I^crds of Trade, of its appreht^uding itself to be very little de- pendant on the thrown or of its not paying a i*<easona- ble Obedience to his Majes tie's Orders,

U|M>n the whole I am sincerely of Opinion that the H«»yaJ Instruction is of the same Force at pi'esenE as wh**n Ihe Latt^ GoveiTior told the x\i!4&enibl}' in 174fi, '*TIiat He could not bring himself to sueh a Pitcli of lloldness as to contmveme it," of which Opinion that Assembly seem a also to have been by their not having disputed dther the Validity of the Instniction or the Cont In nance of its Operation. Why, therefore, nn Ins true tion» allowed to be in Force in the Year !74*j, and still niirevokefl. should now be detailed to be of no Effect, tho' the State of our I'aper Currency has not suffered the least Alteration since that Time, is what 1 own I cannot comprehend, nor can I bring myself to think that 1 may be ever freed from the Obligation of paying a strict Obedience to it until the same shall be revoked, or that I may be otherwise discharged from it by his Majestie's Authority.

I have given both the Peoi)le of this Province and their Representatives too many Proofs of my Regard for their Liberties and Privileges to have it suspected that I am capable of entering into a scheme to deprive them of either. Nor shall I ever cease to do them all the Service in my Power, consistent with the Duty I owe to his Majesty and the Rights of the Honourable ^Jentleman whos<^ Commission I have the Honour to bear.

JAMES HAMILTON.

Philadelphia, September 7th, 1753.

1

Papers of the Governors,

Inniission to John Ingliss to Sell such Portion of the Largo of the French Schooner Nostra Seignora de |<o?iario. Saint Anna, and Saint Antonio as Will Xv for Rejjairing Her.

By THE HomWRABLE JAMES HAM' ilton^ Esf/mj>'^ Lieu fen ant Gof'ernor and Vmmnand4^i*-in- Chief of thr Prtmmce of iiwi/lvania^ and Countf^^ of Nen) Castle^ Kent^ and htf r, npo/i Ddaware^

\Vhrrm^^^ i» 1\ tit ion hath been presented to me by

|>tjiin ['hlHp Xery, a (Subject of his Portugal Majesty,

Miii^ter or ronmiander of thf* Si-hoont^r raUed ibt*

-itin StM^'iiora de VUr/AXViu, t^aiiit Anna, and Saint

|tonio, of thf iHland of Maden-a, wetting fortli that

Said \%*ssel wiih hi so U^aky and distn^ssi^d a Con-

[on that he (turnt ti^il t-ontiTMU/ hmt^iiT at S<^a but

uudiT a NM'(*t*Hity of jaitting iaio lliis I'nit of

la^h.'lplua. and desirinjx leav<^ to n^tit. W ln'iriipou

James Ham: Hon. iy;

said Vessel, and no more, and to itiBpeet and esamin« the several Tradt*Hmeii-s liills ^o that an exact account of UIh Pi'iH.^eediogs therein may be rendered to me. Uiren under my Hiind and Seal at Aims at PhihuJel phi a, the First Day of September, in the Yi^ar of our Loi*d ( > n e T h o u sti u d He v e n 0 u nd led a n d Fifty- T h r ee.

JAME8 HAMILTON.

Commissi on to Richard Peters, Isaac N orris and Ben- jamin Franklyn to Treat with Indians for Prcservr ing the Peace.

GEORGE THE SECOND, BY THE OR ACE of God of Great Briiair}, France, and Ireland, Kln(j, Defender of the laith, and so forth; To our Trusty and irell-heloved Richard Peters, Isaac Nor- m, and Benjamin EranHyn, Esquires, Greeting:

Whereas, some Chiefs of th(» Indians of the Six Nations, of the Shawanese, of the Dela wares, and of the Twightwees, living on the Waters of River Ohio, a Branch of the ^lississippi, onr Good Friends and Allies, have signified to onr (;()vernor of our Province <'f Pennsylvania that they are earnestly desirous to rinew the Leagues of Amity subsisting between Us and their Nations, and are now waiting at Carlisle, iu the County of Cumberland, within our said Prov- ince, for this Purpose: Ivnofr Ye, that judging it may greatly contribute to the Safety and Benefit of all our Loving Subjects, Inhabitants of Our said Province of Pennsylvania, to hold a Treaty with these Indians agreeable to thi^r Re(]uest, and R(»posing Special TYust and Confidence in your Loyalty, Abilities, and Circum-

Papers of the Governors.

I(jn, We have thoufjht fit to nouihtate and ap- Iyou the said Kirhatd PeterSj Isaac Korris and Injin Frank lyii. and Every of You, our Comttiig- Is on Behalf of our GoTernor of onr Province of lyhama aforesaid, to treat with tlic s^aid Indiaiit* |t Carlisle, or with their or any or every of their

or l)ele^ate». and with them to renew^ ratify, Imlirni the Leagues of Amity subsisting between l^iid Provinee of FennsylvaDia and the said Xa- |if Indians ; And further, to do^ act, transact » and

to eoncltide iiad agree with the Indians afore- kll and every other matter and thing wliicli io lliall app(*ar ncvosmry, touching or in any wise ]*ijiiig tlie Premises, as fully and amply to all r(msiru{:tioiis, and Purpose*!, as Our (lover- I Our Province of Pennsylvania siforesiiid might Md (hi lioio^j; P<*rsfiiui]ly juvsLMjt. ILnhy ratify-

nilinuin*^* iiiid liohliiig for iirm and etTei'hial

Tames Hamilton. 199

Letter to the British Consul at Teneriffe Concerning the Permit given Patrick Roney to Navig-ate to that Port the French Schooner, Nostra Seignora de Ro^ario.

SIR: Captain Philip Nery, Commander and Part Owner Gf the fc^cbooner Nostra Seignora de Ros&ario, Saint Anna, and Saint Antonio, having bj Petition set forth tliat hi^ i^\u\ Ye§!«el was in so leaky a Condition tliat 8he was unlit to proceed on her Voyage to the Iitlttnd cif TenerifTe witliout some necesisary Repairs; and pray m^ Ukemsie that as he was a Stranger both to onr Hiverand Bay and the adjacent Coasts, I wou'd permit him to take on Board Patrirk Roney, of this City, Mariner, to assist him in navigating the said Vessel j^ I have accordingly granted the Petitioner's Reciuests, aud by my Lett Pass have permitted the said Captain Roney to take with him such other assistance as is deemed necessary for the said purpose; and that the Captain and Seamen may be honestly paid according to their Agreement I have directed Capt. Roney upon Ws arrival to the British Consul for the time being, ^or his advice and assistance in this Affair, and that ^ may be advised of the Vessel and Cargo's Arrival '•t the Island of Teneriffe.

I am. Sir, Your most humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTON. Philadelphia, 22d September, 1753. To the British Consul for the time being at the ^^landof TenerifFe.

Papers of the Governors. ly to Certain Speeches of the Chiefs of the Six ations Met in Cotmcil at Old Town, 27th October, 53- YHKTTIKKX HIX NATIONS KIJSJDING AT ) Ohio: "Wc» have iv<'civt*d your Mei***aji[r by Ix*wis ivuw af rniiipaiiifHl witb a Belt dippt*d in Blood a small Pioee of Paper rontainiiig some names (^ in the Hand of (^ayeinjiiilo^pioa. ty th>R ymi destire me to eonwidt^r ycmr Cnt^p aiul to lliuidis Willi the (Joveriior of ^'ir^inh^ i»ruiiii8ing t^ too join iot^t'th^T that Vtni will make a third her. 'cm fiirllier actiuninl iitt^ that the Freiirh your MV aii^ coiiiiiiff near \iiu wilfi a Toaihoek ui their <]s 1h tiding ir hvim- vtmr Heads for V<ni intlier to ilnld ^if it :nid with ihi'io strike your Hr^thren

1

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^u.^^

J-

^

^ y-^*

iX -V^*jt^f3Jt^'^

INDIAN TREATY-1736. Reduced Fac Simile.

James HamiUon,

:201

>"c*iir Me#?sag<\ ninl I i'ml>nun-d Miis favoumble Oppor*

tiiTjitv of standing iiiv iAdti^vH to liini, wbereiii agree- itlile to jour l^N|iietii I assure^ liiiii in the strongest T€*rni8 that I will heartilj crjniiHilt with him, join Ii*i Ddft with him, and do everything in my Power jointly ^^^ith him, to give Vou the desiired Ar^sis^laiiee.

*ToE Jire Benislble Williums^hurg, where the Oover- Uor of Virginia resides, in at a great distance from tliis TowDj above three Jiundred miles; that it will be Borne time before I can receive his Answer^ but so far iin depends on riie there shall be no Dtday, and wlini it **Uall he set led in what manner Vuu can be best as- sisted. We will send You Word. *^ Brethren:

"The CommLSJ3iouer£^ who by my appoint mcut held a

Treaty with yon at Carlinle have re j sorted to me every

niatter that was transacted there, and I find their

A ccount pei'fectly agrees with your Message in rep-

i-<*senting the Frencli as actually invading and seizing

y<^>ur Country with au Army of Canadians raised for

1 liiit very j)urpose, and that neither the Principles of

•J ixstice nor your just and reasonable notices to them

t «-» return honu* and not violate the Treaties subsisting

l*«^tween you and the Indians and them, have nmde

i-iiy Impression on them, but still continue determined

^<> execute their wicked Purposes, and I am truly sen-

^il^»l(' that the Inde])endency of the Indian Nations

i"*^^<l the ProjK*rty of the Indians in their own Lands,

UK \\^,\\ ji^ Jill Freedom of Commerce, are struck at and

^^*ill bo overturned if they should establish themselves

'^ these Countreys. But be assured his Majesty will

^^^H sutler this, nor that his Subjects shall be treated

^■^ such a manner without the least Provocation and

^^ time of Peace, and exi>ressly contrary to the Trea-

^i^'s subsisting l»etween his Majesty and the French

Kinjr. The French Commander utters a very great

^^'alshood when he savs that the Lands on Ohio belong

Papers of the Governors.

his Master, and thai it was tbus settled between King of flreat Britain and ilie Freneli King, Tlie [ite contrary is declared in the last Treaty about L^se MatterB, Vizt,: tliat tlie Five United Nationg are lependent Nations, and that the Subjeets of both g!^ may trade without Molestation with them and ?ir allies, or with the French ludiatis and their lies, in any of their Count reys,

JThis I thought necessary you nhouid be well in- tmed of, lea^t the words of the Commander should I in Oedit with you. Don't trust fiucli perfldiou» \fn either with your Lauds or your IVrnons, adhere to one another, coneeil: your Measures prudently Id unanimously, and be assured his Ulajesty wiU not I tier you to want tht^ assist a nee of liis Suhjeets lainst thes*.^ imiK^rious iuid tyranuieai aggressors, JThe Propriet^yH*s ti> -whoni his Majesty has j^iv^^n |e sole Right ot I renting \Nilh tJif I ml la as on Land irs> are now at Lontlon, nor huxi' 1 ativ power over

James Hamilion,

203

eur AfisiFtance 10 You, we oever shaU yau miiy be ai^sured. The i^cason we apprehend will not permit the French tu advance nearer to Von, m that Yoii will^ have tim€' to rdnsult together and to make all the In- lUans in that large Extent of Country to which th& French muke Pretension© acquuinted with their nn- just De^i^ns*, that they may asi^emble together in t'tujn^-il, and there concert a joiot and unanimous Op- [^>sttioti, and enter into hearty and mutual Baudii and Leagues together, and be united as one Maii» Let tills be done, and in the End 1 hope all will be welL Brethren:

1 have committed this answer to the care of Mess* iewrs Croghan and Montour, with my Ordera to de- liver it and interpret it to you in Council.

On your recommendations, signified to me by the Commissioners who were at Carlisle, I have appointed these Two Persons to do the Publick Business of this Government, and expect to see their attestations or certificates to all the Messages which You shall please to send to this Government. They are answerable to lue for their Conduct, and 1 can place a Confidence iu what they say or do. But as to other Persons, tho' they may be good Men, yet if they are not known to me it will not be proper, especially in such a danger- ous Season as this is, to entrust them with publick Consultations and make them the Messengers of ad- vices. This is the case with those who have sub- scribed the Interpretation of your Speeches; they may be good Men but I do not know them nor their Charac- ters.

JAMES HAMILTON.

Philadelphia, 20th November, 1753.

Papers of the Governors.

letter to I lie < iovernor of South Carolina Concern- ing tlie Release of Certain Shawonese Indians Held I in the I'ublic Jayl at Charles Town,

Pennejlvaaia, Octfiber 30th, 1753. Ill:

TJh* Stuiwones*\ a NattoB of Tndiaiiifi living on the 0\iU> in IIk^ Kurders of this ri'ovintr and Thai of

ir^iuia, have heard that some of thi^ir youiig Men |Iif^ wont to \\'iu' agains^t tlo^ Huntherti Indiann^ in

mijaiiy with n Party of CogherawagoM havf* been lized within your Government and eoiumitted to tlie lil)lirk Jayl of diaries Town, and ipiorant of the ki^fOiH why JiidiauB belonging to a XutioD in Amity it It the English wlionld b*' s(> rieatt^d. hrive i^arnt^tly [sunj^lit nie to uiak<^ Kn(|iiiiy iuli^ ihin mailer and to l'(^fjiii(' an Inh-rrest^or willi Ytjii fnr ilipir Kelt^iBt'. |lt i^ at their Tnt^tiiiirt* I hen 'fore- ihat I am obliged

y:iv(^>ini Hiis Tronble. and (o iiidiirr Vnn hi favonr

James Hamitton, 205

tif Hit' Ohio, were aetiially t'oniini; down niat Kivor !tj u Virjrtniii 8* ttk^nient gihiate in tb** Forku of Mu- hon^ialo, with an int**ot to huiit] tmother Fort there amd drive awav the Eiifjlisli Tradt^rs. Ahirnied at this* Xew!* tlie Indians made immediate jjrepanition tin' lliHrlteturii* and ai>idied lo \Ur ( Vjaimiwi^ioners to stop the Joiiriiejr of their Chiefs to ("aroUniij setting forth that th*^ir PivjfeiH^t* was nlj^olntely neresstirj ass well in eoiidiiet their VrMing Jlt^D home a» (o si^st aj^ainsit tht' Freneh; and this r*?aUy appearing to the Cam* ini^sioners to be the Truth, and that many bad ConHe- ijueiire^ nuicht an»e from the Abwenee of Men of their (liaracter and [ntliienet\ they prevaih^d with Ihi! t1n4*fM and with the t^liawnuPHn, tliough not without Uitlicul(\% to drop their intended Journey and leave it to the Governor of Virfjiiiia and n>yRejf to procure tlie Release of their young men.

Tht^ rommissioiiers have not only represented these Matters to me, but further add that these young men wii' bred up amongst the English and have con- tint ted a j)articular Kgard for them; they are the Flower of their Nation for Courage and Activity, and »vould at this time be of grc^at Service in the Defence of their Country: That Infoiraation was given them the Commissioners by the \'irginia Interpreter, w^ho c;nne along with these Indians to Carlisle, that Gov- vinor Dinwiddic was using his best Endeavours to I'ling about a Peace betwwn th(» Noi'thern and South- < rri Indians, and intended for that Purj)ose to hold a trcneral Treaty with them the next Summer, to wdiich th(»se Indians were invited and had j)romised to come, <hH]anng they were sincerely desirous of Peace, and as tin* Commissioners have no manner of reason to doubt of the Truth of this Information they desire me r»» mention this to you, believing tin* Discharge of tliHse young Men would much contribute to the Suc- cess of this Union, with out which the Indians will

Papers of the Governors. lall I'robabilitv lose their Coimtn\v and Itid^jiend-

Iteing entirely ignorant of tlie Keasona of tbe Ini iBonment of these People, it is not possible for me Ido more than lay before Yon the^e Considerations, lich T\ill I imagine be of sufficient Weight to induce In to put an End to it, ucleBs there f^honld be some- Ing very particular in their Case. If, therefore, Ton liuld agree with uie in Opinion with Regard to th^ (pediency of their Discharge, I should be much liged to you to Consider what Method may be tbe Ist projK'r to conduct them into their own Count ry, |ether by Ei^ to this I*ort or by Land to Virginia, if this last should on nocouni of the ap]>roaehing ilcr apiiear llie be;^!, then whether tliey should hv ItivU't] thro- the Inhabited Parts of vfiur Province Iwilliamsburg, the Kxjjem-e of which will be <'h^*nr- Iv born hv that (lOveiiniM-iil in wliirh thev shall lut

i

James HamiUon. 207

letter to the Governor of Virginia Concerning ihe Confinement of Certain Tnf!ians in South Carolina md Olher Matters.

S'"'

Newcastle, 30tb October, 1753,

Th** Indians who were at Wiachester coming af ler wards into this Province, I appointed Cotnmis- woners to meet tbem at (Carlisle, While in Council fbpre an Account was brought that the Half King was ri:4urned mthout fiueeess from the Fort nr^ar Wenitigo which tlie French had ju^t fini^hpd, and that their AmiTT which was in two hnndi-ed Canoes was reniov^ inir, notwithstanding the repeated proliibitinni* of the lathanii, to the Forks of Mohougiulo, with Int<^nt to build another Fort there*

This News obliged the Commissioners at the Re- quest of the Indians to stop Scarooyady's and Andrew Montour's Journey to Charles Town, as sc^t forth in niy ratter to Governor Glen, which I send you a Copy of, desiring You will please to support it with One of your own. You are better acquainted with Mr. ^'len and the Reason of the Proceedings against these Indians than I am, and a Letter from you in favour of these Young Men would add Weight to the Applica- ^on, in which, if they have not success, I cannot help ^^'in^ Apprehensive of bad Consequences, and that Vou will fail in your well-judged and most seasonable Intention of bringing about a Reconciliation between the Xorthern and Southern Indians, in which if I can ^^ of any Service I shall with great Pleasure receive your Commands.

1 Hhonld be glad to know what was done at Win- chester: as the Commis8ionei*s have not yet made their ^''imrt to nie of their Proceedings at Carlisle, I am I'levented from sending you an account of that Treaty,

I

I'apers of the Governors,

Ihich I shuU not fail to du wJieti I have an Oppor- ]nHy.

1 am, with grtat Keijard, Sir,

I Your iiiosst obudieiit aad mu^t humljle Hervant,

JAMES HAMILTON.

I I atlviiowledge the fMvour of jour late Letter. l>ut I in;; from home I cannot at present answer it»

J. H. lUa ExL^elleney Kobert Dinwiddie, Eaqntre.

[inther Letter to tlie Governor of Virginia Concern-

miT the Indian AlTairs.

IMiiJitd* Ijiliia, Xnvi Euln-r Uith, 17ri:L

IH:

favniirrd \\]{\\ Twn of \utir LeMers, o

lu

James Hamilton,

209

Eoweyer, that I may do all in my Power, as my Asieinbly does not sit, and your is fortunately sittinj^^ Icftniestly dee^ire you will be pleased to let me know the BeiBults of their Delilwrationa, that I may lay them before the Bepresentatives of this Pro vi net' when they are to take these Matters into ConRideiation,

His Majesty having enjoined his GoTernors not to exceed the undouhted Rights of his Crown, nor to become Aggressors, as your Governmtmt must have held several Treaties with the Indians prior to tlie Iloral Orant of Pennsylvania, I shonld bt* glad to he informed whether any and what Treaties hare been beid with the Indians living on the waters of the Ohio, and whether they do not Esteem themselves ijidependent Nations, and tho* in Alliance with yet i!ot subject either to the Fr*ench or to lh<^ Bix Nations, and whether these Indians at the Treaty at Utrecht were deemed French Indians and are any wise in- cluded within or referred to in that Treaty by the contracting Parties on either side.

Would it not likewise be necessary to ascertain the Distance of the Mouth of the Mohongialo from the Northern Bend of Patowmec, as that Place is well known at home by the late Dispute between your Oovernment and Lord Fairfax. This I apprehend may be done hy the Testimonies of many of your Inhabi- tants who live on or near Patowmec and are every <iay going to Mohongialo, and might with a Map of the Country lying between Patowmec and the Ohio and the course and distance of the Apalaccian Moun- tains, which must be crossed before you can reach the Forks of the Mohongialo, give the Ministry great Insight into the situation of the Places now seized by the French.

But after all, unless the several Governors should confer together on the several Points enjoined them

14— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

reapers of the Governors.

M}\ and fifk^risvarda lay thoir Sentiments

Kiiij:? and their rosi)C!eti¥e assemblies, it

Ffnar to me that bis Ma jes tie's Orders can

Into Execution or proper Fnnds raised for

I wrote jou from Newcastle had an Inter- ^tlie Indiana at Carlis^le^ havinjj given a Com- tlnv*^ tteutU'Hien, one of tlie Council and two of the Assembly for that Purpose, whose have caused to be publiBlied and herewltb f two of the printed Oopieia in winch there can new to jou, as these Indians came directly Inchc^ster, except the account of the Treatment liti Half King met with from the French L'oni- fat the Fort lately built near Weuingo and the Inir of that Saebem aftL^r his Heturn. This fly shows that the French have intimidated the It*, and if it be true what is exjirtissly sifbrmed lif and Calender in their Letter, a Copy of which lewith sent tho' not put down in their Report, Ihe i 'omnia nder told the Half King big Nation, iitij^ the Weneru Nation, favored the French Pro- fa f^s, it givew but a ntelanchiJly Prospect of their

jjt' I iiosi^ Indians in jt^eneral may but ilu* French

James Hamilton. 211

ik Numbers of such as declaim for tln^ Euglbh, and flat lafght be dept'Uded on from tbeui in rasi* of giilng them Asisistaiice; But as this ib oot known to me, nor what sort of a Correspondence they keep up witli the original United Kationa at Onondago» nor ^aw tlieM? last Htaod a(f erted to them, or instmct them i^Iiiit to do, it IB impOBBiible to know their Strength or iheir inclinations. Had Mr, Weiser bet^D per mi tied by Governor Clinton to have proceeded to Onouda^^o and exet*uted my Im^tructions. 1 should have bei^n able to give you better Information^ but his not being 1 permitted to go, which 1 think an unadvist*d Stefi in Mr, Clinton, has disappointed me much, and I nm Hi ill in the dark, Governor Clinton never havlnjj^ Ixvn BO good as to SL^nd me an Account of whtst has^ bt*t*n done bj Col. Johnson at Onondago, who he promised should sound the Indians on these Articles; and that I should receive from him a full State of their Affairs for my own Direction with respect to the Ohio In- dians.

Having answered your Letter I must now acquaint You that I have detained your Messenger on Account of an Express I have received from the Six Nation Indians at Ohio, as one of the same kind will be deliv- ered You by Mr. Andrew Montour. I was willing the Indian Messenger, who is Andre w^s Brother, should be examined by the Council in the Presence of the late Commissioners, that I might hear their Opinions and thence be the better able to regulate my Conduct.

Lewis Montour on examination declared that the Half King and Scarrooyady had been at the Lower ^hawonese Town, where he understood a Council had be<*n held which he called a great Council of all the Indians; that these Chiefs on their Return from thence home, that is to Shanoppin, about three miles from the Forks of Mohongialo, forthwith called together

i

2X2

Papers of the Governors.

the Indians of their own Kations, about t^^pnty j NiiGiber, to a Meeting, and likewise the Indian Tr ders who were then in the Town; That he was alt present and heard the Speeehee made on that Oce s^jon, vrhuh wtfie taken down in English by Be< Mitchel, an Indian Trader and one of the Signers, ai lie repeated the Rnbstance of them, but being ask* if there were any Belts or Strings sent from whi h^ called the Great Council at the Lower Shawone Town ami produced at this Meeting, or anything sa of what was done there, he answered he did not he; nuv know anything about it, bnt that when tl Kpt^eches were WTote they were given to him by tl t^ouneil to cnrry to Mr. Croghan and his Broth- Andrew, to whom he went luid delivered them at the Ihaises, together with some Letters from the IndiJ 'rr:iders thon pri^^ent; That an? snon ns Mr. Crogh^ ;iiid Mr. IMoiihnii' had ppnifUHl lliem i1 was rnnelndt

James Hamilton. 213

(it being represented to the Commissioners at Car- liBle that one of the Cammels was thought to be cor- rupted by the French), it became difficult to determine what Answer to give the Indians, But at length the Council and Commissioners were unanimously of Opinion that as the two Governments were desired to join together and consult one another, nothing pre- cise could be wrote till it should be known in what Tight You saw this Message, Mr. Montour being able to explain several Matters to you that the Messenger sent to me was ignorant of, But that a Letter should be sent to Mr. Croghan informing him that an Ex- press from You was fortunately here, to whom this •Affair was fully mentioned by me, and that after knowing your Mind I would take my Measures and l^ve the Indians an answer. In the mean time if the Indians should be in actual want of the Goods left by the Commissioners in Mr. Croghan's hands, and Mr. Croghan should think it absolutely necessary to give them to the Indians for their joint Use and Ben- efit, he might do it, though I should chuse that these Ooods, which consist chiefly in Powder and Lead, should go along with the Virginia (iooda left in thc^ Hands of Messrs. Geust, Trent, and Monlour; and fur ther, that Mr. Croghan should wait till Andrew's Ke- tnni, and when he saw what Orders Yon had ^Iven him he might then act agreeable thereto.

I have the Pleasure to accjuaint you furtlier that ^TOvernor Glen, before my letter cou'd reach his hands, had shipped Two of the Shawonese Young Men on iKiard a Vessel boOnd here with Ixitters to me desiring thev might be sent home, or detained as I might judge it most likely to obtain the good end of having their Wendly Indians or Mustee Slaves sent back to Caro- lina, and requesting I would either s^^nd for some of the Head Men among the Shawonese or send some pPO[)er Person along with them to their Nation, who

4 Papers of the Governors, ght let them know the Care that has b^en taken of ^ other Four; and that ibej will be returned to Av FriendB npoTi rector hi jx all the PHsouei*^ thev' ve taken from Carolina, and upon their engaging me in the most solemn manner not to permit any o^" 4i' People to fome into Carolina for the future, r\w T'wo IndiaDB who arrived here, one of tliem witl^ ^ Blood V Flux on him the other in good health, whi w been examijied in Conncih and »ay» they wer^w irteen in Nnniber when they get out, fe^nen wen _ ck and the Six were taken in Carolina withoii- ^ ing any the least mischief, nor does Governor Olec^^ ' anything particular to their Chax^ge. Phes*:* Examinations taking np a good deal of timber 111" Messenger lias Inen m^vv uneasy at hii^ Detail ■rit here; bat 1 hope the Impurtinn^e of these se- — il Matters will ph^irl xny Excuse for it, and thi.^ 11 will hv jiU'aseil with liU coiivenieiit Dispatcli 9-

t

jirvflsiDj; fuHtances to seod to the Governor of tbat I'n^viuce my I^tl^^rs, wliereiii t interceded for the EbJargemeDt of the ^ix Shawoneso detained in the imbJie Prison at Charles Town, and requested he Hoy Id be jdeased to send tUeni to my Care to be fftiiriit'd to their Nation; but before my Letters could liTfive that (iovernnientn having a RepaiTl for the Xorthtrn Indiana, had sf*nt Two of these Shawonewe bjr Ht»fi to Philadelphia, where they priivt^d some time

Brethren:

One of the Judiaus had eaatracted a dangerous Sick- nif9s at Bea, and 1 put him under the Care of one of the best of our Physicians, the Person I make use of myself when I am out of Order; and now that by bis Care and Medicines he in restored to his health, I hav€ sent them under the Care of Mr. John Patten, to be delivered to You in Council. Brethren:

The Governor of Carolina tells me he intends to send the other Four, if the Shawonese Nation shall readily comply with what he desires. Hear, there- fore, and take p:reat Notice of what the Governor of Carolina says, and do not fail to conform to it in f'very particular, as upon these conditions only I de- liver these Two Persons to you. These are the Words of his Letter to me: '*There is too good Reason to think from the Exam- ^ixation of several Persons that some of the Shawo- ^f'se Indians have been formerly here, and that they *i5ive carried off some of our Friendly Indians born "Within our Province, and as these Indians are upon ^any Accounts very serviceable to Us, We are ex- ^Xemely desirous to redeem them, and have therefore ^^•nt Two of the Six Prisoners to You to be sent or ^^etained by You as you may judge it most likely to obtain the good End of having our Friendly Indians

^^^^^1-I^.^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^Hfl^^^^^^l

1 2i6 Papers of ihe Governors, ur Mu»tee Slaves* sent hiuk to Us, and I hope that yon will either send for souie of tlie Head Men^ or send some proper Person along with these Two Men to their Nation who will let th^rn know th& Care that We have taken of (he other Fgnr, and that thej will be returned to their Friends upon restoring all the PriHoners they have taken from Us, and upon their <'U gaging to you in the inoet solemn manner not to |u*rmit any of their People to come int(> this J^rovince for the Future" Brethren: I desire one or more of your Chief Men will eoudiiet lh(?se Two Indians to the Lower Shawonese Town. and at the Time You deliver them em|uire diligently if there be among the ^luiwt^nr^se or any other Imlian Nations any of the Uarolina Indians, and if yon find tln'i'e ai"e. take etTe^lnal Mea&un^i* that they be deliv- rred to Vo!i, and then ^<atd iheiii nuder a i^afe (/onvr^v

James Hamilton.

217

king apprehendc^d; they conceal this from jou, but 1 Qow tt^l it joii and that ih^y will be surely put to death if they are caught among the Inhabitauts of thai Pit) vi nee. Brethren :

Your Fathers of the Hix Katioiis ha%^e made and cun- firmed a Peaee with the Nation of Catawbas. Thev are no longer at War together. Your Warriors muHt lie told not to break the Peace. JJrethren :

The Governor of Virginia has iuformed uie that he has invited the Catawba s to come to Wincht*ater m*xt Kti miner, and you have promiiied to Ut there too. 1 atn pleased to hear this, and heartily recommeud it to \un to eontiniie Friends. Their Friendship will strengthen your Hands against your Enemies the French. Brethren :

I expect to receive your Answer by the Bearer, Mr. John Patten, wliom I have sent Express with these Indians, and to whom I expeet Y"ou will be very kind. Ry him You may take the Opportunity of giving me your News. He will deliver to me faithfully what- ever you think proper to say. Tell him all that i«» in your Minds, conceal nothing from him, that I may know the full and true State of your Affairs.

JAMES HAMILTON.

[I>esser Seal of the Province.]

Instructions to the Messenger to the Chiefs of the Six Nations.

THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE HONOVR- able James Ham i I ton,, Exqnire^ Qovetmor of Pen n- i<ylvania, to Mr, John Patten, You are to r^ad carefully over my Message to the Chiefs of the Six Nations at Ohio^ the Principal oi

Papers of the Governors.

f"h are the half Kinj^ Scarrooyadj, and Cayanguilo* and to make yourself perfectly Master of the Itents thereof, bo that they may be truly and clearly |aiDed to them in Council; and that they may con- exact ly thereto I have sent therewith two Bt rings tVampum^ one for those Chiefs the other for the Iwonese.

Ion are to call at Mr, George Croghan's at Auc-

}k, and consult with him in what manner to deliyer

said Message, auti if Andrew Montour goes to

You are to go with him, and he is to be the lu-

^reter; If he Rhonld be gone before you reaeJi Mr,

^ahan's^ You are to follow him. and if You find

at Ohio J Yon are to get him to interprt*t the Mes-

oil 'tWv to make iiU tlie Kni]iiirv |if*ssjble nf what [French are doiiij^ or proposi^ to do next Summer--^ It ijumliers of Fivncli llieic ai'f aiul niuier \vho>ie

James Hamilton.

219

muuiticiii have been sent to the Ohio Indianii bj the ^lOvernjueEt of Virginia, and what Use ha» hi*en made rlieraif, and whether the Indians have held any geii- cml CDUnells, and whether any Measturt^ hav<* been w are to be conxerted for their Defente agaiuKt the J>t*neh next Bummer,

What the Indians expect the Englisih will do for rliem, whetiier thej expect the Engliah Men to head rlieiii, nnd whether if they do the Indiaui* will be ht ought under any Command or Discipline.

Von are to k^arn what number of Twigbt^^^*es have di:H*Jan*d for the English and whether they will oppose fhe French, and if those Twigh twees who went in the Sntnnier to Canada are returned and what they did there.

On your Return from Ohio Yon are to call on Mr, Croghan and desire his Letters to the Governor; and You may prudently examine where the Goods are which were left by the Commissioners in the Hands of Mr. Croghan and what he proposes to do with them, and whether any Orders have come from Virginia for the Delivery of the Goods left with Messrs. Guest, Trent, and Montour.

You are not to let it be known that You have any other Instructions than to deliver the Shawonese, and that the Message sent with them be well interpreted and conformed to by the Indians.

If you apprehend and Danger, or are taken sick, You are to destroy these Instructions.

Y'ou are to keep a Diary or Day Book and set down in it every thing that occurs worthy of your Notice, which is likewise to be destroyed in case of Danger or Sickness.

JAMES HAMILTON.

	■^^^H	'	^^^^^H
	c	■
	o Papers of the Governors. jtter to the Governor of South CaroHna Concerning Indian Difficuhies, Philadelphia, December 6th, 1753, MR: ) I received from the hands of Capt Read the Favour of }Oiir Letter of the twelfth of October 3tj together with the Two Shawonese ludinns yon ^re pleased to send to me under his Care, They have been detained here much longer than I tended on Aceonnt of a dangerous Distemper one of ^m had contracted at Sea, from which as soon as he ts recovered I lost no time in providing a Special -ssenger in whom I can place a Conftdence, and com- tted l^otli of them to his* Care, with orders to deliver em witli a Messaj^e from me a^^eeahle to the i^on- [its of your Letter to the f^ix Xatuias at Oliio. whom liave dej^innl to eouduet tliein to the Lawtn- Shawo
	■

James Hamilfon. 221

at Winchester, Virginia* ttiere will I hope be mi gvi'iit Difficulty in persuading them to enter into a yrieadship and good agreement for the future, seeing It li M much far their mutnal interest, and noM^ more than ever rendered necessary by the late hostile at- li^mptB of the French,

I am, Sir, Your Excellency's

Most ohedlent aud most hnmble Sei'vant, JAMES HAMILTON, Hi a Excellency James Glen, Esquire, tJovernor of ^uth CaroliDa.

Reply to a Letter from Lord Holdnernesse Concern- ing the Vicinity of Certain Indians not in Alliance With His Majesty's Government, supported by some Regular European Troops.

MY IX)RD: I had very lately the Honour to receive your Lordship's Letter of the twenty eighth of August, imparting certain Intelligence his Majesty had re- ceived of the March of a considerable Number of Indians not in Alliance with the King, supported by some regular European Troops, intending as it was apprehended to commit some Hostilities on Parts of his Majestie's Dominions in America; and withal sig- nifying his Majestie's Commands and Drection for ray conduct in case the Subjects of any Foreign Prince or State should presume to make any Encroachment on the Limits of his Dominions.

Your Lordship will please to be assured I shall pay the most punctual Obedience to every particular of

Papers of the Governors.

le Iving's Commands signified in your Lord»liip*s Let Ir, go far as I am capable of I^nowmfi tlienu liut I

limt not oiint to acMiuaint your Lordifliip that in the lesent eatk^ it falls out most unfortuuatelj that if L Bounds of the Britiish Empire on Hds Continent ive ever heen ascertained, tlie Farticulars tbert^of It? what I am very much a Stranger to after repeated Ljuiries upon that head, for whieli reason 1 should |ve bet^u extremely glad of your Lordsihip's Explana- jiu upon a Point that I am persuadnl is not well Lderstooil In this Part of the World; upon whkdi, pertheless, the Settlement and eous*etiueiit1y the [rengtb of his Majestie's Dominion in America does |ry much depend, and without the knnwledge where^

it siH^nis inipussible for the IJuveriiors of iln^st^ Colo- |i*s to say what are or are not the auibiubtiMl Limits

his .Maje^tie's Dtjruitiion^;. [I liavr simie ri^asi<^nto helirvr Ibai oiu' uriuui'i^ Forfi*

James Hamilton.

223

To the Assembly with Reference Chiefly to the Rela- tions of the Province to the Indians,

GENTLEMEN: IIa?ing in Sept ember la&t reoeived a Letter by Express from Col, Fairfax of Yirfrinia, informing itie tJiat some Chiefs of the Ohio Indlamg were then at Witjebester soliiiting the asBi^staiice of that Govern- ment, and intended a^ 8oon as they should have lin- ished theix* to utmie to Carlisle in the County of Cum U^rSand, where they eutreated I would be pleased to ^ivie them the Meeting, I assembled the Counoil, and being favored with the attendance of the Speaker and suf h Members of your House as were Id Town, I laid it before them for their advice, who were unanimously of oplaion that a Confenenee with these Indians might atTord a f;*K>(l opportunity of becoiiiinj^ acquainted with a true State of their Dispositions and affairs, and the proper Presents should be provided out of the Sum voted by the Assembly in the Month of May last, and there distributed for their service and Relief. En- tirely concurring with these Sentiments, as my own Health did not i;ermit me to undertake such a Jour- ney, I issue a Commission to Mr. Peters, Mr. Norris and Mr. Franklyn, empowering them to hold a Treaty with those Indians, and to make them the Presents of Condolence and such others as they shall find suita- ble on being truly informed of their Necessities, who accordingly proceeded to Carlisle and held a Treaty with them; For the Particulars whereof, together with the Expences accruing thereon, I shall refer you to the Treaty itself and the Commissioners who are Mem- bers of your House.

I have received a Letter from the Right Honourable the Earl of Holderness, one of his Majestie's Prin- cipal Secretaries of State, which with others of the Like Tenor to all his Majestie's Governors on the Con-

Papers of the Governors,

leut^ was sent Expressly by a Sloop of War to Vir- lia wLerein liia Majesty lays bis Hay a I Commands me, in case the Subjects of any Foreign Prince shall ive presumed to make Encroacliment?^, erect Forts, commit any other HostilitieB within His Majeatie's 3mini uns, if after representing to them the Injuatice their proceedinpfs they do not desist, to draw forth ^e armed Force of the Proviuce and to endeavour i^liel Force by Force, and to call the Assembly to engage them to grant snch Sii]>|)lies as the igincy of Affairs may recjuir^, Whibt I was pre- liring to make the Kequisition enjoined by his Ma- Is ty, I received a Lettf^r from Govenujr Dinwiddle Iformiug me that be had dispatched Major Wushing- \n on that Service to the Foi-t lately built on the fliio hy the Frt^m-h, and rni Kxpnss luis this weelc jiJiiglit me Governor IHnwiddir'b* arrount of lUat Gen- naan's Uetnrn. with the an^^wer of thi^ Commander that t^ort, who avows the Ilostilitit's iilri'atlv nnu

JajTies Hamilton.

225

^rablt* Expenee, and rf*quire a large nnmtier of Men, makt' provinion accordiiigJy, that 1 njay be enabled tn do wbat his Majesty as well as the neighboring Colonies will expect from a GoTernnient so populoim and likely to be so nearly alTected with the Neighbour- hood of French Garrisonis*

I have further to inform You that I havi^ received a Letter from the Right Honourable the Lords of Trade, dated the eighteenth Day of September last, inform- ing me that his Majesty liag ordertnl jiii Interritnv to be held m*xt Summer at Albany with the 8ix Nations', and a large Present to be there distributed, and de- i^lrtng I will lay thig Matter before you, iind r^com* mend to You to make Provision for appointing Coni' missioners to be joined with those of the other Gov- ernnients, iind f<>r liiclijin Pn^f^f^iits; and it bein*^ left to the Governor of New York to appoint the Time of this Interview h<,* has informed me by Letter that he lif^s fixed the Thirteenth or Fourteenth of June next for that Purpose; further acquainting me that the Lords of Trade have recommended it to him to take Care that all the Provinces be (if practicable) com- prised in one general Treaty to be made in his Ma- jestie's Name, it appealing to their Lordships that the Practice of each Province making a separate Treaty for itself in its own Name is very improper and may be attended with great Inconveniences to his Majestie's Service.

^veral Letters have passed between me and the <Jovernor of New^ York, Yirginia, and the Massa- chusetts, in which they make this Province the Tender ^^ their Assistance, express an hearty Desire of acting in Concert with Us against his Majestie's Enemies, concur in Sentiment with His Majestie's Ministers of the }s[ecessity of a general Union of all the Provinces ^^>th in Councils and Forces; and ns Experience, the

15-Vol. II— 4th Ser.

* Papers of the Governors,

\s(t of rnstractora, makcB it inident beyond a Doubt |at witbuiit this his Majt^stie's Colonies in Atiieriea

in Danger of being swallowed up by an Enemy p]erwise much iiiferiar to them in StrpngtU and Kuni- W I most earnestly recommend it to you, and hope luit is so well and ju^^tly said on this and other Mat- l*s by JAivd Holdernesse, the Lords of Trade, and the liglibouring Govern ors, will have their full Force and [eight with You in your Deliberations. iTlie several >!atters Bet forth in the late Treaty at prlisle evince the Necessity of appointing some Per- |u to reBide at Ohio among the Indians there in whom le Government can place a Confidence; and unless lu engage sum^* such Persons You must be sensible lat your Presents will be of little T/se, and the Tii- Itns will be IorJ to the En^^Mish Interest. Villi will likewise do the Puhlii^k jj^it-at Serviv** if L^/ther with this necessary Measure V<iu will take

Indian Trade into your ('onsideralion nrul put it

James Haniilton,

2Sp

lioveral Letters aud Pa|MMs nieDtioued hi this Men* mij^e, or otherwise oi^cessiary to give Ymi a perfect kiiowlediTf of all Matters vou miiy want to be informed of in the Course of joiir Deliberations.

JAMES HAMILTON, February 14, 1754.

To the /Assembly vetoing the Paper Money Bill^

GENTLEMEN; A» neither my Iiielinatioii, the Sliorlness and 0r- jjenry of the Time, nor the Cireuuistanees of my Health, will admit of ray engaging in Controversy on

th(.^ Subjert of tlie Papei' Jloney Rill hiff^iy prr^seiite^l for my Approbation, I will eiit off all Occasions for that by giving, as I hereby do, an absohite Negative to the Bill.

You cannot but be s«j^nsible, Gentlemen, that the Funds you are now posesssed of, which are to continue yet for several Years without Diminution, are greatly more than sufficient for the Support of Government; and notwithstanding what You are pleased to say of your ^*present Deliberations depending in a great Measure ux>on the Success of your Money Bill", I prom ^ ise myself I shall find you much better Subjects to his Majesty, as well as greater Lovers of Your Country than to sutTer your Duty to the One or your Zeal for the Pi-eservation of the other to be governed by a Con- currence or Disagreement of Sentiments between Y^ou and Me, upon a Point in which each of us have an Independant Right to judge for ourselves.

If, how^ever. You should be of Opinion that there will be a Necessity to strike a further Sum in the Bills of Credit to defray the Charges of raising Supplies for

Papers of the Governors.

btajestie's Service iii this Time of imminent Dan- land will create a proiMT Fund or Funds for sink* jtbe ftame in a Few years, I will coDCur with You [assing a Law for that Purpose^ thinking niysolf

L^iently warranted so to do in eases of real Emer- Jy, |nd now, Gentlemen, I hope you wilU upon due

*id*?mtion, he of Opinion ivitU me that the chief of your Bill will be hereby in a great nieasiire

tered, as the sum to be struck and circulated \i thiR occasiion will be mich an addition to yonr

_'nt Currency as probably may be thought suffi-

for some time, Iha^^ nothing farther to s^ay at present but to tu you fnr yimr Ackiit>wledK>^t^^is of niy Care in lau AtT;iirs, nud to jirest^^ yon to hasten your Resri

mn upou tUe Matters recti mui ended in my la*»t

^af((\ tliat I may as soon as pi>sftihh^ he aldi- In

James Hamilton,

229

fur any private Consideration of liis own diveil the Attention of the House from the important Matters hi^ then recommended to them, he has deiajed it till this Timej when he understands they have not much Busi- ness before theni<

To the Assembly Concerning the House*s Attitude toward him in Connection with Certain Matters of Legislation,

GENTLEMEN: UiWD perilling the printed Minutes of your Houst^ of tlie eleventh of fc^eptember hist, I iind myself published to the World in bo injunoas a Light, merely for having paid Obedience to an Instruction from his Majesty, that I must not in Duty to the King as well as Justice to my own Character, suffer it to pass with- out some Animadversion; And altho' you may not think yourselves accountable for the Conduct of a for- mer Assembly, yet as the present House is made up of a great Majority of the same Members that composed the last, I shall not make any apology for addressing myself to you as the Authors of the undeserved a» well as unprovoked Treatment I complain of.

The Paper I refer to i-s the Report of a Committee of Assembly appointed to consider my Message of the seventh of September, unanimously approved by the House, in which Report are pretty plainly contained the following Insinuations and Charges against me, Vizt.:

That I have not paid the same Regard to the Re- quests of your House as my Predecessor did to the Sentiments of a former Assembly on the like Occasion.

That I have acted in direct Dii^bedience to an In- struction from his late Majesty of the Year 1723.

Papers of the Governors.

|t I have kept your Bill, the only Bill of that lill your last Sessioii without iutinuiting the

llliat 1 apprehended myself bound by au addi- Instructkm to Governor Thomas in the Year

|t I contend for and have actually asBunied a over the Ivmg*s liiKtructkms, to remt^niber or to tmforce or relax tlieni, as it suits my Hninonr

I Purpose,

hi regard to the Firsfi't, You aie pleased to say that

(ear to you that both Governor Thtnnas aud the too agreed in the ef^MMitial point, vizt.: That

iitional Instrutrtion was binding upon neither of

I And that the Assembly by making Use of thi?

rtion of cn-diiiary and extr!ir>nliiiary Casi^a did re biin that the Instruction ^aw not to be sub- to on ifs own TtTiUR, and ilM^refuri* by *:iving

|i+f^ent to iMi a*"l f<ir 3^ rani in*: Vivi' Tin iti wand

James Hamilton. 2jS

4

swerfrfi which the Uotifie acquaints liini that t\wy are willing to give a &?um of Money for the King's Use, but ttpon EDfjuiry find that neither the Treasury nor Loaii CWce are furniiihed with such a Quantity beyond ib(^oEli**r Exigencies of GoTCrnmetit a^ they are willing (« gire, and therefon* propose the i^trikin^ a further i^um of Paper Money to be placed out at Interest iii Iffc*? nianer as are the other Bills? of Credit current hj n fonner Act, by wliiuh ineana tlie Butu to be fi:iven might Ik* repaid by the Interest of the Bills so lent out. In answer to this the Governor, by Message of thti Tliirteeiith of June, tells them that he wishes It were as much in bis Power as it la in bis Inclination to upree with tbeni in the Method by thtnn proposed for niising it; But that they nnist be sens^ible, from the ^i Royal lustrnction communicated to a fonner Assem-^BJ bly, that he was forbid, under Pain of his Majestie^s highest Displeasure, from passing any Act for striking I'ills of Credit without a Clause restraining its opera- tion until the King's Pleasure should be known.

In reply to this Message the Assembly acquaint him that they are willing to hope, that upon reconsidering the Royal Instructions he may think himself at Lib- erty to give his Assent to a Bill for Striking a further Bum of Money in Bills of Credit when any extraordi- nary Emergency requires it.

Hereupon the Governor, by Message of the Four- teenth of June, again acquaints them that he really does not want Inclination to oblige them in any Thing they can reasonably desire; and therefore his Morti- fication is the greater to be pressed upon a Point he is not at Liberty to comply with, the King's Instruc- tion, founded on the Addresses of the Houses of Lords and Commons, being so positive that he cannot bring himself to such a Pitch of Boldness as to contravene it. and promises himself, upon due Consideration of his being thus circumstanced, the House will proceed to

		^^^^^H
	Papers of the Governors. lesfl exccplioiiable Method uf mitring the 811m nefl to Ik* graiitf^d for the King's Ust\ Hcctnt of this Message the House finding the srnor was not to be warped from his Obedience le Royal Instruct ion, iwiiiediately proceeded to a Bill for giving Five Thousand Pounds for the >f the King, to be paid out of tlie Bills of Ci-edit re- in g in the Loan OMee for exdianpjing torn and ?d Bills, and for striking and emitting other Biile e same value, to be sunk by a Tax in Ten Years, ii Bill was afterwards enaeted into a Liiw, should now be glad to know, Gentlemen, upon fc^tate of the Fact, which is taken from your own tes, what are the Proofs that have made it clear n that the late <; over nor aj^rci-d that the KiiigV action was not binding upon hnn, and that he 1 in direct Opposition t(» il, wincr tla* very con is cvich-nt, us woU fvittn the Whole Tenor of his
	■

James Hamihuin

figniii, ou the other fhuid, it be ronflidtnt^d that the Bum emitted iu tliia I'rovinre by Yertue of tbe Aet of ITifl was very ^mall and uLTUsionetl hy a very real Emergeacy, that the same was appropriated solely to kis? Majestie's l^^e, and that the Whole of it waB to be sunk in a short 8paee of Tiuie by Taxe^, and with- out there being the least Probability of its producing any o( the Ineoii\'i'niont'i*s rrmiphum^d of. We immt «e<'t*wsarily alUjvv that the late Governor (however hi" Uii^jUt disregard the strict Letter) never dejiarteil from tln^ spirit aud lutentiLiu of the lufttruetion, and, tlieie fun% eaiuiot properly be char|3:ed witli having; aeted In direct OjiiiOftition to it; for it would bi* an AhHurdity too glaring to j^uppofie that any Oovernment would vtjliintarily tie up the Hands of its HubjetU from serv- ing it by snch means m they are able in ca&e of great Emergency; and that this could never have iK^en any Part of his Majestie's Intention or that of the Parlia- n.ent in addressing him is further evident from the lute Act respecting the Four Eastern (lovernments, who altho' prohibited on common and ordinary Occa- sions, yet in Cases of real Emergency are permitted to issue Bills of Credit on Condition that sufficient Funds be provided for sinking the same in a short Space of Time, which was exactly the Case with re- s{>ect to the Sum emitted by the Governor and Assem- bly of this Province.

Having I hope incontestably proved that the true and real Intention of the Royal Instruction could have l>een no other than to guard against the Abuses enumerated in the Body of it, and that the Act for granting Five Thousand Pounds to the King's Use, passed by the late Governor in 1746, being of a singu- lar and (|uite ditferent Nature from Acts passed upon ordinary occasions, could not, therefore, be compre- hended within the Meaning of the said Instruction. I proceed now to a®k the Gentlemen of the Assembly

Papers of the Governors.

xether tbe DiE:»tinctioii8 betw4ien an Act for emitting I large Sum of Money ou a common and Ordinarv tcasion, the Interest of whit^h the Gonntiy is to reap |e wliole Benefit ofj ti) be current for a long Teim of Ime wit bout Dimtnution, and an Act directly the pveree of tliia in all reapeets^ did never occur to tbem?

these distinctions did oecur to them, and it is next

impossible that they should not, I aak them again Itb what Degree of Candour they could alfect to cou- lter them as one and the same Case, and tbt*nce take jta^ion to charge me with having lees Inclination to llige the People under my Government than my P^^ Icessor? Did the House ever oCFer me a Bill of any ping like the Tenor of tlmt of iT4(; that I refusf^d my

lent to? I ain pii's^uadid Lbey will not say it. How, len, is it possible tht\v should know that upon a like l^cfisifjri I slioiild be less willing th;in my Prrdei:<?SKor

obli'^^ tbem.

James Hamilton.

ns\

Coiitro%'e'ffiy go nn la utter Beflertioiii^ and Insitma-

tiottsi of II most invidiniiw NatruT, I am niniid they will Ktiiiid in ueed of i^nati^r iilhiwauct^s for their Conduct ] than ewn a good natniwl Man may be willing to inake» I'ruy. tientlemen, if f had t^ven aggevted^ wbidi 1 did j not, 0»at no Instnictioii like that of the Year 172^ had] ever hmm directed to the tlovornor of this Pn>vineL% would i( have been any ♦^jxnit SStreteh of your Charily' Ui hiivi* supposed nie, as I really was, ignorant of it?-- Or wtMjId a have been unbeeoniiiig Ihe Honour of your Houwe tu one in my Station to have ein;iuired into thi»] Truth of the Matter lK*fore you had proci^'ded to ' rliarge nie in I'riot, for I can call it no less;

With remembering or not remembering a Royal In-] struct ion as it best snited my purpose;

With having fnirposely for;:;:ot thi* Instrnction of 1723, altho' possessed of the Original (whicli is not true) because it did not suit my Purpose, and remem- beiing that of the Year 1740 because it did;

With having little Regard to the Liberties and Priv- ileges of the People under ni}' Government, tho' You are not able to give an Instance wherein I have in- fringed them;

With having totally disregarded the Lords Justices' Instruction of 172:|, which at that Time I had never seen nor heard of?

Or is my Character so notorious with you for false- hood and Dissimulation that any involuntary Mistakes by me committed w^ould not have admitted of a milder Construction than You have been pleased to put them? If I have given You Reason to entertain this Opinion of me, You will be the better justified in having cen- sured so severely; But if, on the contrary, I have ever acted with Integrity and good Faith towards all the Assemblies that have ever met during my Adminis- tration, then I must needs tell jou that you have been

Papers of the Governors.

Iv defldeiit in that Chanty and UeneToletjee

|h, as Meuabers of Society, We ituitiuUly owe to

mother, aa well as extremely cruel to yoiir«ielves,

uiKm wliat other Principle than that of Charity

rou hope to be excused for having positively as-

in your filei^sa^ of the fifth of September that

never had been a single Inetance of the Passing

iw uQder the Restrictions contended for by tiie

the first Settlement of the Province to that Day,

|i in turning to our oi^n Book of Laws you might

siitiHiied yourselves that in an Act prescribing

^orius of Declaration, tS:ca., the suspt^nding Clanee

kerted in the fullest uianner? And yet I aincerely

|ire that 1 never thoiif^ht otherwise of this than as

Mistalvtf you hod falK^i into thr<r rn-cipitntion and

lal for Ihi* *'ao!«(^ ycni had iu liand, without "^vi^-

\dji*i; 1 un'ght l>e justilii^rl in insinuatiug that You

vvilliii^rly told an uu truth or that You thoui:hl

James Hamilton,

S3

that fluch an Inetruction does subsisi, and am ex- 1 1 cmt'l y glaid to bear You at loastt declare it to be your <>I>mioii (however contradictory to many Parts of your Message and Report) that all Royal Orders and In- fttrnctions subject the Ooveroors to whom thpv nt ^h*ected and their Successors too to the Royal Dis- l^leasure, unle&s »uch Instructions are revoked by hi* Majes tie's Authority- If, then, a^ you jnstly say. all Hoyal Orders and Instnictions unrevoked are blndingj upoB the Go^-i^mors to whom they are directed, am their Buccessor>i too. Why is !*o much Resentment RtiewB on your Part on account of my having paid Obedience to those lust ructions which by your owi iukuowledgment I am bound to pay under Pain of hi« Majestie-B Displeasure* Upon this Declaration of youi*s T will once more appeal to your own Breawts with rej2:ard to the Reasonableness of your requesting me to disregard those instructions at the certain Dis- advantage of incurring his Majestie's Displeasure, and perhaps to the Injury of my private Fortune and Ix)ss of my Character. And if (as you seem to suppose) the King, by having passed the Pa]>er Money Act laid be- fore him in 1751, has judged all the Purposes of that Instruction to be answered, can there be a more fa- vourable Season than the present to apply to his Ma- jesty for a Revocation of it? Or by whom can the application be so properly made as by the People's Representatives, who look upon their Constituents to be most aggrieved by it, since by your own acknowl- edgment no Governor can dispense with paying Obe- dience to it until revoked, but at the Risque of in- curring his Majestie's Displeasure, wiiich it is very improbable any Governor will be hardy enough to do. Thirdly. You are pleased to say that I have kept your Bill, the only Bill of that Year, till your last Ses- sions, without intimating in the least that I apprehend-

Papers of the Governors.

uyf^elf bound bj an additional Instiiiction to Gov- n- Thomas in the year 1740.

lad 1 bf c*n invested, Gentkaiien, with ;i Power to ?ct the Aaseuibly how many Bills they lihould pre- |i* and oifer to me in any one Year, imd had made 1 of that pQw^*r to limit or restrain tliem to th** par- plar Bill in Question in Exidugion of all others, rt* might have been some Eeason fnr their liuving s*uch 8tress ui>on tho Words only llHl, hut as it ^ell known that no Governor is or nuijht to lie pos- ited of Kueh a Power, and that thi* Assembly Is ai Liberty to Prepare and otTer so uiauy Billf^. and kuch soil as appear to them expedient, without the jat Mieek m- Control from any body, to whose Ac- it (Hi^ht tlie fault In br i harj^ed uf ni Truili ii ln' I'ault) that it was the only lliil of that V«*cir? To who neither hnd nnr daimed any Anlhcn-iiy to ^rfei'e at all in theii' rrtn'^HMlio^^js? — (ir to theirV,

James Hamilton, 239

aitiuiQi'd a Power over the Kirif:-^ liistrni'Uons tn ve- member ur forget, io enforce or rehis tlieiu, a»4 it BoltS my Hiniiour or iny Purpose.

I anj f?orry, Gi^ntlemen, Yon should have Bi>ent ho Jiriu'fi Time and Labour in endeavonnng to find out Ik^ Meaning of what apjmars to cie a very plain and artless Hentence in my Messa gp of tlie seventh of B^p- iHuher, and which mu^t have appeared equally plain r^> rou had it bprn read with tlie fmrnt* Candid Dispo- pitioii with which it was wrote. Tiet lis examine tlie WordH themselves and the 0 era si on nf their being jfspti* a» from thenee we >than m.^ whetht?r they will lif-ar the luteqiretatlon You hare been plc^ised to |mt upon them. Th*^ Af^weinbly in their Message of the fifth i»f Kt^ptember made use of several Arj^unjonls to prove that the King^s lugtruotirm either never wan, or that the Ends of it having been answered it could no lonj^er be binding on the Governors of this Prov- ince, and therefore hoped I would think myself not at all concerned therein and pass their Bill as it then stood, that is in direct ()p])Osition to the King's In- struction. But as I had not the good Fortune to be convinced by their Arguments, and as it would have been highly impertinent in me to have entered into a Vindication of what had been advised by the Two House of Parliament and assented to my his Majesty, I concluded with telling them in my Answer that they would certainly allow me to judge for myself of the Necessity I was under of paying Obedience to the King's Instruction when a Disregard of it was threatned with Ins Majestie's highest Displeasure; the Meaning of which Sentence can be no other than this. That as I was threatned with the* King's highest Displeasure in case I disobeyed his Instruction, there- fore they must allow me to judge for myself between the Force of the Arguments by them adduced to in-

Papers of the Governors.

^lidiite tlie said Instruction, and uiy own Oiiliuoii

its eontiuuin^^ to bind mt?. lit is imj}ossiblt^ any Construction can be fiiirlj put |on these Words; And yet the Aat^embly, by having

the first plac« taken sometbftig for {j:rant**d which I itself is absolntely without Foundation^ and in the Ixt by perverting the clear Meaning and common [nse of My Wordsj have plainly insinuated as if I jm tended for and actually assumed a Power over le King*8 Instructions to remember or forget, to [farce or relax them, just it suited my Humour or my irposes- ThiSj Gentlemen, among many others, iss

L'h an Instance of unfairness as astonishes me, and luld in my oi»inlon havt.* proceeded froiu nothing leB« lin a deu-rniiued resolution to dilter wilh me, and [lich (coiiUi I prevail on myself to break thru' tht* [lies I have prescribed for uiy conduct with regaid

Treutleuien in your Stattan) would reiiuire, as it

James Hamilton,

241

'*HVp been put in Posseasiau of wliat >ou apiM-ar m ^f^Ulritoua about.

I must uut, however, auiit to return You my Thanks

^^i l>elmlf of the Proprietaries for the Regard you ai-e

Hi^int^d to Express for 1heir UightJ^ in your FU^soive

^'i jar fug to the Koyal luBtruetiou; an u^qual Coucern

hr all their other Eights as they eome occasionaUy

^it^fure you cannot fail of receiving their just acknowl*

t*%ments^ and of entitling the Peoitle you liepreseiit

to all the Favours and Benefits tht\y are capable of

bestowing.

Having gone through what appeared worthy of Ob- servation in the Report, 1 aow proceed to enquire what l^art of my Conduct can havt^ given Occasion to such Hefientmeut as to induce you to lay aside those Boles c*f Civility HO constantly practiced by Legi»hiti\i? liodies, and to treat me in a manner which nothing less than an actual Invasion of your Liberties and Privi- leges or some other notable provocation can ever jus- tify, and which, were I to imitate by giving the siame free Scope to my Passions, I leave you to judge how the Publick Business could be carried on.

Was there any Thing either in the Manner or Mat- ter of my Message that necessarily called upon You for such a Return? I am persuaded You will acquit nie of that.

But you say You have no other Method to secure ^'ourselves from future Insinuations, &ca., but by leav- ing your Sentiments, &ca., on your Minutes in the olearest Manner You are able. I agree with you, Gen- tlemen, that if You apprehended the Interest of your ^Constituents might be injured by your Silence the de- sign was highly laudable. But was it ever known that un Argument lost any Thing by its Force by being han- dled in a modest and decent Manner? Or could you nut have left your Sentiments, &ca., on your Minutes

16— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

Ithoul uttermij the most itijuiiou!;^ luiiiuuatioQa

laiiist nie? You must he senBiMe otlu^r Goveruora Id Afsteemblies have differed in Opinion u|kjii Points larlj of the game Nature with this; but have thoae pombHos, therefore, behaved to their (Tovernors as jit was a Crime in them to hare been charged i^ith ■struetions from the King? Or proceed to insinuate leatiHe they thought themselves obl!32:ed to yield Obe- puce to those Instructions, that, therefore, they had Eegard to the Liberties and PriYilegee of the fople? Or that it was evident the good People or

?ir KepreBentativei:? were not to expect to have any

Itinence over their Clover nor on that or any other

jcnsfion? I am pers waded. Oentlenu^n, Yon will nnt

i^ible to tiud ii similar liistanr*^ on s<» s^lij^ht an

tcMKion in the Kecordi^ <tf any Ass;einbly in hi si Ma-

^tlt^'ii IJominhiiiR, and coiiKcqiieiitly that tlie Report lyour Comniitti*e it^ a Paptn' of the tiist lmpn*ssion.

James Hamilton. ,."^43

Bi^'self «o unwoithily used for no Caust* giviu uu my Part I bud traoHiiiitU^d to his Miijrstie's* MiiuHteis a KepresentutioD or complnint of tlie furenieiilioned Fro- ceedingB, aggravated with all the invjdtoiig Constriu> tioQS of which they are eapable and whirh an abused or a pi*ovoked Man might think himself well justifyed ir; making use of. can tou think the Conduct you held npon that Occasion would contribute any thing to the better recommending You to his Ma jes* tie's Favour? Or might it not rather tend to encrease the jealousies and 8uepieioDS already too easily entertained of the^ Colonies by our Superiors, and perhaps terminate Anal- ly in an act to compel Obedience not to one but all Instructions from bin >[ajesty? Which I hope will ticver be thf^ t'^ji^^i, fjin' You must be S^'nt^ible it ha« more than once l>een meditated by the (ientlemen of great Weight and Authority in the British Parliament.

But, if, on the contrary, all this has been avoided, and I have endeavoured to suppress as much as in me lay and Resentment by which the Publick may be af- fected, in hopes of a more dispasionate Behaviour on your Part for the future, I flatter myself with having done the People of this Province as effectual a good Service by my Moderation as You by all the Zeal and Warmth Y'ou have expressed upon the Occasion.

JAMEvS HAMILTON.

1st March, 1754.

To the Assembly Concerning the Attitude of the Gov- ernor and the Indian Affairs of the Province.

GENTLEMEN: In all Transactions with the Ass>(»mblies of this Province since my accession to the Government I have constantlv endeavoured to confine mvself withm

Papers of the Governors.

|e undoubted aud well-knowu Limits of the Powi*r8

trusted to me by my (^ooimis^ion, witliont evt-r de-

^nedly attemiJting the least Infraction or Invas^ion

the Privileges of yonr House. That the Right of

fusing ijiy assent to anj Bill offered me by the As-

iibly without assigning Reasons is iucident to the

lation I have at pi<?se>iit the Honour to fill I am

Irsiiaded you will not deny, inasmurh as the same

Is not only been frequently exercised by my Prede^

IsBors without any Complaint from the Asisemblies

that accountj but has also been expressly acknowl

Iged by them to be no in the fullest and plainest

lords.

|l hope never to be jiistly rhHrgeable with usfii^ the

iwcrs 1 inu invi^stc^d with in a WauUiu ar exirava

I lit niininiT; aud therefore as J do not eonct'ive myBelf

bo accountable to You for uiy Conduct on the

srnt Occasion, 1 cuuu^ii but hmk uu your having

James Hamilton. 245

t^nci'B to rhe Province* than are to be apprehendctl from Jmy Temporary Hmf^i^enient between a (iovernor and Assembly, 1 would not bere be understood to men* tion this as a Thing You have actnallj and in express Terms demanded of me, yet upon the most careful Kpview of all that has passed I am not able to discover iiiij' other Cause for the Interruption nf that Harmony which for several Yeara BubBi^ted between \m, and foi' the late indecent Treatment I have received in a Paper [jubli»hed by your House, than my having refused to \^m some favounte BiIIb upon your own Terms. If Mb then should have been the C^age, what is it less in EtTect than endeavouring to intimidate me from exercising my Judgment upon such Bills as come be- fore me in my fjegislative Capacity under Pain of iMurring your sharpes^t Regent ment, and consequent- ly to deprive me of the Negative invested in me by the ^Constitution.

But waving every thing of an inferior Nature I pro- ceed to that Part of your Message of the Twenty-Sev- enth of last Month whei*ein you are pleased to say You observe some Differences between the Royal Com- mands signified in Lord Holdernesse's Letter and the Light in w^hich 1 represent them in my Message of the Fourteenth Instant. If thei*e was any defect in the Form of my calling upon you for such Suppliesas might enable me to do what his Majesty has enjoined to be done in case of any hostile attempts upon any Part of liis Majestie's Dominions, namely, to rei>el Force by Force, I would willingly have hope<l that. your Duty to his Majesty would rather have induced you to sup- ply any Omission of mine in that respect, especially as every Means of Information T was possessed of was Inid before you, than that you would have attempted to elude the Force of a Demand made upon you by his ^bjesty's express Orders by such an Evasion as that of ^y not having done It in the very words of Lord Hold- einesse's Letter. The words of my Message are so f u\\.

Papers of the Governors.

1(1 tho^ not a bare Repetition of his Lordsbip's, yet so

Irv ii|;n't*able in Ihtnii in tlH*ir Si^iist* iind M(^*aniiig,

jilt it i^ iHiiJoswible Vou should liavi^ inidei'st cH^d them

any other LiB:ht tliaii afi referring to Ijord Holder-

sse's letter, espcnially aa tliat Letttn^ then lay ii[»on

jr Table; However, as I find You have in *R>me

E^asui'e made that a pretence for not complying with

Iv' Demand made upon you by Ids Majestie's Ord*^r, 1

Isire you will please now to be informed 1hat i have

Ldoubted Assurance that Part of his Majestie's Do-

inions within iny (lovernment is at This Tim** in*

(ded l>y tht? Subjects of a Foreign PrinrCt who have

ected Forte within the same; And further, that You

|ll take no^ict* f!iat 1 flf> now call iijyon You, pursuant

his Majeslie's ()rdei-s, in the pn'st^nt Ktm^r^vMity lo

la at sucli Sup] flies as niay enable me to draw forth

Anned Fori-e of the I*rovinre in ^n-der t<» resist tliej^e

■siilr al1< uipts, and to rep^-l F*n*i'e b_v b^irf-e.

James Hainilton, 247

rprsonii Vtiu had under Exam inat ion? By tbene it would have appeai^^l lo Y(m that ljOg*s Tovvu, the Piare where the Frenrh ]UQpu»e lo have (heir Head Quaiters, m not at the Distance of Five Degrees of Longitude froai the River Delaware^ and not to the Koutbward of Fifteen Statue Miles South of thie City, and that the Course of the Ohio from that Place tf> Weningo, which the French have taken possession of» and from whence thej have drh*en away our Trade rs» in to the North-East, and consequently nearer to Ih, it is likewise well known that a Person apprehended for committing a Murder at Bhauoppin, which ties Ktill South of Log- 9 Town, was tried in the Supream Court at Philadelphia, and the Evidence of the PUice being within the Limits of this Province was so clear to the Court and Jury that he was convicted of man^ slaughter and suffered his Punishment accordingly. Upon this Occasion I must needs tell You, Gentlemen, that if You really did make this Enquiry and received Satisfaction therein, your Suppression of the Truth is extremely disingenuous with regard to me and that if you did not make it 1 can impute the Neglect to no other Cause than a Desire to have a plausible Excuse for not paying a proper Regard to his Majestie's Com- mands.

I did not expect to have bad it objected to me as a Failure in Duty that I did not make the Requisition mentioned in Lord Holdernesse's Letter by Gentlemen of your Persuasion. You must be all sensible that I have ever been extremely tender with- regard to that Point, and have upon all Occasions avoided pressing You importunately upon Matters about which I knew You to have any Scruples, and therefore thought it a very lucky Circumstance that Governor Dinwiddle undertook the Task of making the Requisition, which otherwise I should have been obliged to do in Obedi- ence to his Majejitie's Commands, being sensible that

is

Papers of the Governors.

le Hostilities complained of wt^ve committed within

lir own Provinct\ Had I made the RcMpiii^ition. would

not in Effect have bc^n setting this I'rovinc^ in the

root of the Opposition? and liad Yuii afterwards i-e^

Jsed to grant ^^iipplie*? for reiKMling these Invaders,

|ould it not have ex posted Us to tJie Contempt iind

mf^iou as well of the Freoeh as our Indian AUit^?

the Re4|uisition is now made hy one of his Ma-

Btie's Governors^ and You have sec^n the Answer of

le French Commander avowing tbeise Hostilities

IVou have likewise &een in the hite Ti^aty of Car-

[ile tbe answers of the French Commanders to the

equisitions made by the Indians of the Five Nations^

aom tJie Kiug of Fram^-e in the Ti*eaty of Utrer-ht,

Extrart when of wa.s laifl b^^fore Vou, iU'Unovvl**dges

l>e Bubjeet to tlie Dominlnn of (Jivat Hritain, where-

tliese Frenrh Ofli^ers declare thev have the Orders^

(he Kiuj^ \\ivl\ Msisti^r tn rt]rpos*<e tlN*m and every

James Ham i! ion. 249

diate Danger, which if You refuse to do how can Ton be said to fulfil our Treaties and ''give the Indians the read^' As«istance they depend on under tht ir wants and X&cesBitieB?'' Or how do You *'dumoiistrate your Iiuty and Loj^alty to his Majesty by giving such sums of Money for tlie King's use upon all suitable Occasions as can be rt»usonahly expected 7"

I for my part have done my Duty, and any ill Gonse- f|uent*efe that may happen %vill not lie at my Door, and therefore, Oentiemen,, I earnestly exhort You to do >'our'S and in every Ee^iect to act up to the high Trust rqHmed in You as the Representati^'ie!* of the Peupl€% that when an Aeeount uf your Transaetions in Conse^ qnexice of his Majestie's Orders shall be laid before our Hovereign, wliich mu^t ueeegsarily be done, both ' Parts of the T^egislature may receive his Royal Appro- bation.

That part of your Message I cannot sulfer to pass unobserved, wherein Yon are pleased to say that the Proprietaries refuse to contribute any part of your Indian Expenses, which have encreased upon You ex- ceedingly within a few Years. It is true they have refused to do so in the Manner You expected, and have given you their Reasons for the Refusal. But you cannot have forgot the Proposal I made to You in 1750 and 1751 by. their Order, with respect to the build- ing a strong Trading House near the Place now in- vaded and possessed by the French, which generous Offer had You then fit to have closed with all the Mischiefs We now apprehend might have been pre vented at a small Expence to the Province, and that Country secured to the English, which hereafter to recover will probably be attended with the Loss of Many Lives as well a^ a heavy charge to the Country.

I join with you in Opinion that it is for the Interest and Advantage of the Province, and our indispensible Huty to send Commissioners to Albany in Conc^ert wit\i

	0 Papers of the Governors. ose of the other Governments on thi& Oeeaaion; and will take care to apponit suitable Persons for this 1 pose, and cheerfully concur with You in any proi>er U for the Kegulation of tlie Indian Trade, I mil enquire into the Conduct of the Magistrates Cumberland County, which if found to he a*» von ve set it forth, renders them highly unworthy of the »nimission they bear, JAMEB HAMILTON. 2d March, 1754,
^tter to the Goveniur uf Virginia regretting the In- disjjnsitlon o( llie AsseniMy to take active Measures to^var(l i!ie Defence of the Province and the Alli- ance w itli the Indians.
	■

James Hann'lion.

251

\Vhile*t tlu* Ass^embJy bad these Matters uuder De-

libt^ratlon, Mr, Montour and Mr, Patten arrived from Ohio with a Message from the Allegheny Indians, in- lorniing Us that they expected the French Army early in the SpHuf^, and earnestly pressed the Two Govern- ments of Virginia aad Pennsylvania to assist them Willi their Warriors^ and that aoiue strong Roases might be forthwith erected, to which they might reirair for Safety and Protection, And tho' Mr. Croghan In hb letter to me, and Mr. Montour and Mr. Patten, who were examined by the Assembly, expressly declaim that the Indiana are too weak to make any considem- hk Resistance, and if not a««if4ted by their Brethren HgneaBle to their solemn Engagements by Treaties^ tbey must suri-ender to the French without striking a i^tmke, t^sptH-ially as the T wight wee** have taken up the Hatchet against Us; and nhirmiiig as all these Matters arej and fully and in con test ably proved, yet fhe Assembly are not at all moved by them, but as I have good reason to believe will decline granting any Supplies.

What Reason R they wiU givt* 1 know not, for I have not yet rec^^ved their Answer to my Me»6*age; but as I am informed that nf»thing to Purpoi^te m to be ex- l*e(*ted from them 1 da not think it proper to detain your Me»enger any longer, uncertain as I am when tiiej' will give their Answer.

It was unfortunate that at the time the Assembly 'cere in their Consultations your Bpeech to the Assem- t>I,v of the nineteen til of December came to their Knowledge and wa^ published in one of onr News Rafters, and seeing from thence their unfavourable hnsposition, I am told the unwilling Membei's here Wd hold of this as a handle for thiur doing nothing.

For my part, under such a general Diwinclinatiou as appears in the several Assemblies I can see no other

Mt'thod than for the fiovernors to assenrble together

J

papers of the Governors,

. geotral Meeting tiud draw up a i-ilear and full |epK'»entation of the Situation of Indian Affairs and ly it before liis* Majesty and wuit hi*^ Majes^tie's fur- jier Orders thereupoo.

If, iievtfrtheleBs, contrary to my EKpectatiojis, the [ssembly should do any tbing to Purpose I will in- |r[ii You of it iiumt*diatidy by Express.

I refer you to Mr. Montour for further parti culai^s, Iho aendi* you Sir. Croghan's Account of his Proeeed- |gfc> at Ohio, and a Letter on the Subject. I am, Sir^ Your Honour's most obedient humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTON. Ihiladelphia, 26th February, 1754. 1 The Honourable Robert TJinwiddics Ks*|uirc, "

James Hamilton,

253

Hut even taking it for grfinted that the fo«>Dieii' lioned Encroafbments are not witbiri the Bounds of this Province^ yet a^ I have been infoniied by the Gov- mot of Virginia that ho^^tile Attempts have been made 011 Part of his Majestie's Dominions, and have tea ealled upoc by him for the AssiBtance of this i^ovinee to repel the Invaders, You must be sensible rt is equally your Duty in eitlier of these Cases to gmut such Supplies an the present Exigency of AtTairs reqaires, and which by his Ma jes tie's Orders contained in I^rd Iloldernesiie^s Ijetter (and by you aclcnowl- lilged to be equally binding on both of Us), I do not BOW repeat to you the Necessity of.

1 cannot, therefore, but ha ajiprehenniive that your Arljournnient for ^o long a Time as to the Sixth of Hay will defeat any Measures that might have been taken for that rurp<]s^^ for this Year, and consequently that his Majesties just Expeelatione ivom us may Ik? altr^gether frustrated.

However (if yon persist in it), as the Right of Ad- journment is a Privilege of your House, I must ac- ntiiesee therewith and content myself with the Con- idousness of having executed his Majestie's Com- ma nds in the best Manner I have been able,

JAME8 HAMILTON. Uth Mareb, 1754,

Letter to the Governor of Connectiait Concerning the Action of Certain Inhabitants of that Province in Irregularly takinj^ up, Lantls in Pennsylvania.

SIR: I have reeelved Information that a Party of your laliabitants did some time a^o pass thro- the re- mote Parts of this Province in their to Wyomink upon %fli3ehanna River, and gave out that they had made

i

254 Papers of the Governors.

a Purchase of those Lands from the Mohock Indi and they had your authority to come and settle tl being included within the Boundaries of the Conn cut Charter, and offered their Titles to any who ^ disposed to purchase; and this, tho' I have disregaj it as an idle story, is now confirmed by Person Character who have been in Connecticut and as nie that a large Number of your Inhabitants, tho' ^ out the Countenance or knowledge of the Governn were actually preparing to remove in the Spring settle some of the Pennsylvania Lands on Sag hanna, depending on their Indian Title and not dei ing to pay any Regard to the Rights of our Pro tari€*s or apply to this Government for their L and Authority.

Tho' I can scarce i)er»uade myself that any cons able Number would engage in ho rash and unju Proceeding, yet as it may be Irue, tho' highly imj able, I find myself obliged to communicate to 1 Honour these Informations, and entreat you w be pleased to do all in your Power to prevent t P(*oi)le from putting their Design into exe<*ution siired as I am that if they mak«^ the Attempt they involve this Province in an endless Scene of Tro and Confusion, and as they must expect Oppositi< may i>rove prejudicial to the Cause of the Coloi and a» it is very probable We shall be engaged War to rejK^l the Fren(*h, who have actually invj this Province and are now erecting Forts and dri away our Traders within its Limits, a Nurabe Strangers should come amongst Us and forcibly Possesion of our Lands, what can his Majesty or other Colonies think but that they are Enemies to 1 Country, and design to hinder this Government 1 exerting its Force against the common Enemy raising a Civil War within its Bowels.

I beseech vour Honour further to consid^^r that

James Hamilton.

255

Six Xations ^111 be highly olfi^uded if these Landa on Hai4i|ueUaiiJiah be overnn with White People, for they ^ are thi^ir favourite Lands and reserv ed for tlieir Huiit- ing, and many of them live there, and they have the Faith of this Government golenmly and repeatedly plighted that no White l*eople sljaJl settle there; and. if, notwithstanding these publiek Engagements, they i^ltould now be settled, I will not answer for the CotiHe* quences; they may not only turn their Arms against the Metiers but withdraw theni«elvefet from our Allianee, Which might at tliij^ Time piove the Riiin of our AtTairs and involve the Coloniea in eodlf?^s Blood?*lied and Ex pence.

1 canont ronceive how the Inhabitants of Connecti- vut, whose I^aws as well as Ours prohibit and render invalid ail private Contracts with the Natives, oouhl ^D in w) ehinde^iline a Tiianoer to tri^at with the' Mo hocks about tiiese Lands; surely they are worthy of much Censure on many Accounts, but at this time it is i>eculiarly unfortunate as it may create a Difference between the Mohocks and thi- rest of the Six Nations, between whom there is an Agreement that the Mo hocks shall have nothing to do with the Lands in Penn- sylvania, nor take any part of the Presents receive<l for them, because they have already had more than their Share for other Lands, and therefore the Mo- hocks never come here on Treaties for Land.

But why will your Inhabitants chuse such a disor- derly and dangerous Way of obtaining the Possession of Lands when they may have a legal Settlement? There is a large Extent of Country in the Western Parts of this Province and That of Virginia vacant, and some of the best Lands in North America. If, therefore, any considerable Number of Families want to remove and are minded to settle these Lands, I make no doubt but our Proprietaries will be glad to give them good Encouragement, and if they encline that ^ shall write in their Favour I will cheerfully

> Papers of the Governors.

it at your rnstance, and preae them to rfHiirn a

|ee(ly AQstwei% which may arrive here time enough

the Planters to go and view these Western PartB

the Winter, and prepare, if they find them agrea- for their Removal as early as the Season iu the I ring will permit*

■Or if the Lands of Virginia shall be found more Ireeablej I will recoumiend them to that Govern- |?nt, who have lately made a Law for the Encourage ;mt of New Setlers, and Both Governments will not Si to obtain for them the Friendship and kind As- itances of the Indians in those Parts, In whichsoever

the Tw^o they shall chuse to settle. |8honld any of your Inhabitants be desirous to en* ]ireof our ConstitntioTi and the Quality of the Lands

tlie unciiUivalerl Pai-li* of llip I*rtMinro, they will (*cive an iiai^artial Acrount of tUcni from tln^ Oentle- Im who is duirged wilh lliis Letter, who is a Meni- |r^ of Asi^<*iiibl\. aijy yc rrrn'ric^tarv STim^vor' avrr

James Hamnton.

257

jtstie's ConiinHud^. and iiresorvt^ tlie Colonies from

fcilling a Prey in our Eiieinte^, Suffer me, tben, to

^'i*ent itiy Request tliat you ^vouId pleaae to detain

,^uiir people at home, nnd prevail with thera to lieark-

^ti In sober and modi^iale Connsel», whieh in the End

** ill jtrtjve more to their advantage,

I am, with sincere Esteem*

Yoiir Honour V most obedient humble Hervantj '

JAMBS HAMILTON. Pbiladelplila, ^th March, 1754. The Honourable Roger Wolcott, E»<iuire,

l^etter to the Dej)uty novernor of Cnnnecttcnt Con- cerning the Irregular Settlement of Certain of his Citizens in Pennsvlvania.

SIR: HearinjjT that a Number of the Inhabitants of Connecticut are preparing to come and settle some -^^ands in tins Province in a forcible manner, and being ^ > pprehensve that it may be of bad Consetjuences at a "l^ime when we may probably be engaged in a war to ^•^pel the hostile Attempts of the French, I have wrote ^>. Letter to Governor Wolcott on this Subject, and 't iike the Freedom to enclose You a Copy of it, and ^^equest you will be pk»a»ed to give your Assistance in ^ Ills Affair.

I have not the Honour of a personal Acquaintance

"^^ith You, yet I am told that the People have a great

T-'steera for You and Dependence on your Judgment,

"v\hich I flatter mys(-lf will be favourable to this Appli-

**5ition.

I should not doubt of Success if You would be pleased to join your Influence with his Honour's in ^^♦'tting this matter in its true Light.

17— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

2^8

Papers of the Governors.

I hv^r It^iive ffj nHommeod the Oeiith^raaii who d» livers this L(*ttL*f to your Notii*<^ and Civilities, who i well actjuaiutpd with our Ck)ti&^titutioD and the Quallt of the viteiuit lyUiidH wthin tbia rrovinee, and we ({uuU]i<*d to give your People Hatisfaetion in aoy Point they may want to know. 1 am with perfect E»teei jHul Regard,

Your Honoui 'si most obedient humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTON. PlHladt^lpbia, 4tb Mareh, 1751 The llouoriihle Thomas Pitche* Enquire,

Letter to Colonel WUliani Jtjhiifion with l^es^nrd t tlie pnipo:^etl Inva^iun i>f Pennsylvania Lrinds li C'onnenicnt S(| natters.

James Hamiiton,

^55

qQaiDtiince, yet from your rhjirai-ri-i' bot!i publick and! ]irivntL% which [^ well knowD to me, I wbrmld not enter- 1 tain the least Doubt that you w^ould encourage a Party] of private men, ai* Cum ib disavowed by their own] Utivernment to make C'cmtraeti* with the Indians forj the Sale of Lands either in this or Connecticut Prov*^ ince. being contrary to the Laws of both Places, audi productive of many fatal consefjuenres*

Nur can I havi? the leaiit Suspicion that if the Appli-J tatiun wan niade openly to the Council of Orioiida^'o^i with whom this Govern men t onlj^ treats for Lands J rt« they know* their Engai^ementK to sell to our Proprie- taries nil the Land^ within this Province when their! iudianst Bhall ineline to leave them, or the Encreasti| of the Inhabitants requires a lari^er Extent of Ooun* try; but they would reject the Application of the»c*^ People with the greatest Indignation as contrary to the Faith of Treaties subsisting between this Province and their Nations, and particularly as their own In- dians now live on these I^nds and use them for hunt- ing; and they have Ri^ptnitedly in their Treaties be- sought this Government that they might not be setled, and Proclamations at their Instance have accordingly issued, strictly charging all Persons to forbear making any Settlements in those Parts of the Province.

But the Indians being liabh* to the Temptation of Liquor, and when disordered therewith apt to be im- I)osed on, and for Money grant any Applications from any Body for Lauds, tliough when sober they would condemn themse]^'es and be sorry for what they had (lone, I am apprehensive if thoy are not put upon their Ouard that these Practices may be tried upon them and these ill-minded People when they have got the Indian Deeds, no matter how obtained, nor from whom, may set up these Titles and so pervert the Minds of the Inhabitants and introduce intestine Broils and endless Disorders amongst Us.

Papers of the Governors.

Kiin\viTi|2: your Zeal for the PubUck Good of thp Colo- less, and tlu^ Rei^ards frt^quently shewn by you in your ]rly Intt41igeni<^ to tlifs^ Proviuce, ! entreat yon would pleased to pnt the Indians upon their Guard, a a [iport unity serves you, against the attempts of these ^l\e^ which jou must be seuaible might not only lieiuite the affiTtionB of the Hix Nationii^ by taking lorn them against their will the Possession of a fa- liurite Pai-t of the Country, but might also draw on jrivil War within tins Province, asi the (lovernnient

luld be oblig<?d to oppt^se sudi tumultuous settle-

E?nta and Intrusions, and thus prove particularly hurt- to the general Interest at this time, when the

reneh have actually invaded this Province, and we le likely to be involved in a War to repel them.

As this Movurnment hni^ ih^\i^iuuuvd tn send ('onivnis Lner** to the ^^eneral Interview at Alhjniy. I wbalj di- |rt some r>f the Commisifaiouers \n Avnit <ni you ici (*rder

coafoj" furthei with yon of whai uukv he oece'^^arv

James Hamilton,

ngorously on the preseot critical Juncture of Affairs lit Ohio, iind to grant such BuppHes as might enable II Si Ui resist the luvaeioD*^ of the French on that Part **f his Ma jea tie's Dominions, aud tht reby not only com- \Ay with the King's jntit Expectations from Ua l>ut iiliewi^e consult the PrcijervatJon of our own Province and Others his Majt^stie^s Colonies on tliis Continent; And I heartily wish it were in my Power to ^ive You a more favourable Aceount of their Proceedings on tliat Head than 1 am yet able to do. After having sat and canvas&ifd this Atfair for iwni' Five Weeks together, they at length on the ninth Instant adjourned themselves to the sixth of May, which by our Consti- tiition they have a Right to do without having at all provided for this Service, a& in Duty to their King and Country they ought to have done. As 1 am well ac- quainted with their religious Scruples I never expected they would appropriate Money for the Purpose of War or Warlike Preparations, but thought they might have been brought to make a handsome Grant to the King's Use, and have left the Disposition of it to me, as they have done upon other Occasions of the like nature; and had I been able with certainty to acquaint them of the Measures taken by your Colony, it is not im- probable but that they might have been induced upon this Occasion to have done something of the same kind, but I much doubt w hether in such a Proportion 'df9 the present Emergency requires. It was, there- fore, particularly unfortunate that your Letter came not to my hands till the Day after their Adjournment, that 1 might have made known to them the Steps that are taking by your Government, since their Want of Information in that particular w\as alledged as the principal Reason of their declining to do anything at this Time. Whether this be any Thing more than an Excuse for not complying with the King's Com- mands, or whether they are really sincere in tlvek

Papers of the Governors,

[ofeBsion of demonstrating thfir Loyalty hy granting

his Majesty a Bupply in any dt^gi^ee answerablt^ to

present Exigency, will be made apparent in a short

Ine, fur upon the Arrival of Your Express and upon

Insider ing that so long an Adjourn men t as to the

pth of May would be in Effect to prevent any Meai*-

being taken for that Purpose for this Year, I have

[iTicd writs for ealling them together on the second

next Month, when I shall ant fail again to repre-

|nt to them the absolute Necessity of their taking

u'ous and expeditious* MetUjiureein this very critical

dangerous Situation of onr Atfairs. But in order

I enable me to do this with thi^ greater Force, I must

(g the Favour of your Explauation upon the follow-

Tartu 111 a rs in the fullest Miinurt^ poM^^ibh*: What

HI bur of Men are artiiiilly liiised antl by Y(fn pni-

Ised iii be rai^^ed and fur what Tinn* iwt^ tiiey en-

d? Wliut Arms, Cloatlini^. and Ilr^ldiuK ar<* ihev

James Hamilton,

263

should want them? I must likewise desire you will ffivour me v;lth n Copy of your At*! of Assembly for nmug and appropriating the said Ten Thousand ^'«uiidB, as I may have Occasion to make use of some J'ftrta of it here,

L'poD perusmg yonr Letter I confess myself to have hc^n gupHzed at finding that ygur A*?sembly bad voted Only the sum of Ten Thousaud Pouods for this Expedi* tion, which according to our Estimation will not ei|uip «lnd Diaintain more than Four Hundred Men for Hix or iSeTen Months [but of this, as I am perfectly niiacquaint^ ^d with matters of this Kind, I should be glad to have ^our Sentiments), and these Men, nnless they are sup- Ijorted by a great Body of Indians or Men from the «:/ther Colonies, will be vastly inferior to the Forces "i:lK* French will be able to briiij:: iij^niust them, if our .^iccounts are to be depended on. What assistance, indeed, you can rely upon from the other Colonies I Sum a Stranger to, but I cannot see from whence any ^reat Matters are to be expected unless from this ^K*rovince, which as I before observed is altogether un- ^i^ertain; for my own Part, had I found our Assembly i n a Disposition to give, I never proposed asking them :^or fewer than a thousand Men, for unless we are «:ible to make a good and secure Lodgment against "tihe Enemy this Summer it is clear that the .whole Ex- :^ )ence of the Armament w ill be thrown away and per- ^iai>8 the Lives of many of his Maestie's Subjects sacri- :Cced to little or no Purpose.

I return You Thanks for the kind Offer You are pleased to make of your Services to this Colony at the -Meeting w^hich you Proposed to hold in May at Win- c-hester. I heartily wish You Health to undergo the fatigue of the Journey and success in your Endea- vours to promote the Union between the Northern and Southron Indians, which at this time would be

	^^	^^^^S
	■ 264 Papers of the Governors, peculiarly happj, being tlie most likely uu^ants la tie feat the Purposes of the French. Having tluiH niHiitioned every Thing that apiK*an to uie material at presi^nt, 1 have only to desire Voi will please to favour nie with your Answer by nriy Ex presis, with iis little Delay as possible, that I may b< able to ^peuk to my Ase<?mbly tliereupou imiuediateli upon tlu*ir Meeting, tht^re bwng no time to be lost i: any thing is intended to he doue to Purpose, I am with very great Kesi>ectj Sir, Y<nir most oUedient and most bumble Servant, JAME^ HAMILTON. Philadeiphia, 13th March, 1754, The Honourable Robert Dinwiddie, Esquire. QlH: ^ Tlip lin:(sioiis hiti^l) made by the FitNir.'li ou F;irtj ^^o^lih^Mini*gHe^^Domii^^
	■

James Hamilton, 265

&tmct^ qf a Lt4(er frrtm th*- Jloftoftrahlr Thmam

nmth of Marvk, 1752.

''Ab wt* ran Dot t^xp**ci our Assembly will do any fit lug in thiK Mattei% 1 dedre you will cuter iutu aiiy ivasonable Measures to assist the Governor of Virginia 10 build a Foi-t ttete, to Wit at Ohio, taking some ^f-koowledgeiuent from him tbat tliis Settlcmeut shall not be made Use of to pi-ejudite our Right to that l-\>QDtry, at the $^ame time You give him Assurance the ^'tlers 8hall enjoy the Lands tlu?y bona fidi^ s^ettle ou lb*? common Quit Rent, which is what 1 have agtet*d with Mr. Hanbury here/'

tMract of a Letttr fi^mn ike HarwuraUit T/w7H€t4 I^enn^ &quirej to Jwme^ Ihmiilian hj^qxdre^ the thirteenth of July, 1752.

"I hope you will, as I wrote You on the ninth of March, acquaint the Governor of Virginia that We t'onsent to this (that is to the building of a Fort at Ohio) without Prejudice to our Right to the Land, in case it should be found to lye within our Province, to be granted to the bona fide Settlers on the same l^ent and Conditions as they are to have it from Vir- ^nia/'

As Mr. Penn's Expectations herein appears to me extreamly reasonable, and cannot, I apprehend, at all interfere with the well-judged Encouragement You liave thought fit to promise to such as shall enter into this Service. I flatter myself you will find no difficulty in making the acknowledgement therein mentioned, as I on my part am ready to give Y"ou any Assurance that ^lie bona fide Setlers shall be entitled to the Lands 'mder this Government on the same Rent and Condi- tions as are granted by You. I could have wished yonr Proclamation had ascertained the Number of

266 Papers of the Governors.

Acres to be allotted to each private Man, which I think ought not to be leM than Two Hnndred to everj Settler; my Reason for this is the having been in- formed that in some Expeditions carried on to the Northward where tlie like Encouragement had be« promised, a very partial Distribution of the Lands was afterwards made among the Officers, to the great Injury and Disappointment of the Soldiers, which I would feign hope will not be the Case here, inamuch as the Expectation of obtaining Settlements in so good a (Country as that is represented will be the prin- cipal Inducement to most of those who will go from this Province, of whom I should not doubt being able to procure a very considerable number were I properly supported by the Assembly.

I am, Sir, Your very humble Servant,

JAMES HAMII/rON. Philadelphia, 13th March, 1754. Tho Honourable Robert Dinwiddle, Esq.

To the Assembly Concerning Necessary Funds for Defence against Contemplated Invasion by the French.

GENTLEMEN: I am not insensible that an Absence from your Homes at this busy Season of the Year must be very inconvenient to your private Affairs, for which Reason I should not have called You together before tlie Time to which you stood adjourned but that I thought the Service of his Majesty and the Interest of your Country required it.

In my several Messages during your late Session, to which 1 desire to refer You, I fully represented the

James Hamilton, 267

dimgerotis Coiiseti!ieiire» that W(?re to he apprelieiide<l from the Invasion uuide bj the Fittu-Ii on Pari of UtJit Majostie'8 DomiuionSf and in Obedience to his Royal ilrd^^rs I pressed You in the warm(*st Maniipr to grant isuch HiippHes of Men and Money as nii^ht enabk^ me tu resist the ho?*tile Attempts of these Invaders and to ivpel Force by Force. But for the Reasons set forth in your Answers, aad particularly that You were *'ijn- a equal nted with the Resnlt of the Oovemment of Vlr- ^nia with Regard to this Invasion,-" You declined jjranting the Bupplien at that Time, and ''judged it most prudent to wait until the Assembly of that t*olonj had enabled their Governor to Act in Obedi- ence to the Royal Comniands.^'

I am now to acquaint you, Gentlemen, that sinee J our Adjournment I have received from Governor Din- widdie the several papers herewith laid before You, by which it will appear that he is taking all imagina- ble pains for the Security of his Majestie's Dominions so far as the Provision made by his Assembly will ])ermit him to Act, and that he is very impatient to know the Issue of your Deliberations on this Subject. I cannot, therefore, Doubt but agreeable to the Pro fessions in your Message of the Twenty-Seventh of February, "of being ready and willing to demonstrate your Duty and Loyalty by giving such sums of Money to the King's Use upon all suitable occasions a® may consist with your Circumstances or can reasonably be expected from this Province," I say I cannot doubt but you will with the greatest Alacrity lay hold on the pres- ent Opportunity of evincing the Sincerity of those Pro- fessions by granting such aid to his Majesty ae may comport with the Circumstances of the Province and be suitable to the Exigence of the Service; And in the doing of this I hope you will be guided rather by the Importance of the Concern than by the Example of other Colonies, it being found by Experience to be a

Is

Papers of the Governors.

try ill judged i>itx*e of Oeronomy to < rainp an Enter* Wlzc* of tliis Nature In the Article of Rupplips, and that liuti'ver is g\xeii on such OoeuBionts sliort of bein^ sHf- I lent to afcomplish the Eods jirojK>sed heroines for le iiHmt part a Waste of so irnieli Treafture witliout Iswerin^^ any of the Piirpostm for which it was in- Jided*

liavff at present oniy to add my Eerjuest that what-

er you tliinlv proper to do on this Occasion may

ceive all the Dispatch the Kature of the Thing will

|mit of, the HeaBon (jf the Year for action advancing

fast that unless our Measures be speedily taken

ey will 1 fear be rendered altogether unserviceable-

JAMES HAMILTON.

LVpHl ad, ITr^l.

r tile Assemljly Coiiccniini; the Contemiilated Treaty with the Six Xations at Albany.

James Hamilton, 269

i^qual to the important Trust. And as he has been ]»leased by his Letter of the Fir^^t Instant to communi* mte hi» Sentiments fully and freely upon the several I'oinEs J imagine You ^ill in* de^ilrous of being ac- tliiainted with* I have f ho sen lo lay the same before \Vm 10 hi» own words, from whence and from what Oovernur t^hirlev has &o well said upon the same Sub- ject, added to your own Knowledge* of the prei*ent tjircum&taDces of Affairs, Yoo will be able to offer Jiie your Advice upon this Occasion, to which You may bt* assured i slmll pay the greatest Regard- And 1 nuist the rather insist on ttiis a** withoul a |>erfect Knowledge of your Sentiments from whom all future applies upon any Agreement to be made between the ^**L*vH'al (.^olouies mus^t toitUN U will \tv very ilifllcult if Hot impossible for me to give such Instructoins to the ^j entlemen Commissioners on the Part of this Province *iJs may be suitable and adequate to the Purpose.

JAMBS HAMILTON. April 4th, 1754.

d

l^etter to the Delawares and Shavvonese at Wyomink on Sasquehanna.

BRETHREN THE DELAWARES AND SHAWO- nt^se at Wyomink on Sasquehanna: As Conrad Weiser, Esquire, the Indian Interpre- tf^r of this Province, is sent by me on Business with the i^ix Nations at Shamokin, I have ordered him to call On You to enquire of your health and Affairs, having heard nothing from Y"ou for these many Y^ears, tho' as Hrethren I should have been well pleased with your Xew?* and Accounts of your Welfare.

Something has been intimated to me as if you had <anse of Complaint against some of our Inhabitants*,

Papers of the Governors.

|tliis shtMild have any Foiindatiun, and Ton liRve in respect ill naed or injured^ I desire You will im- |i1: joui' Grievance to Mr, Weiser that lie may lay it fore me, and Yon may be assured I m ill see Justice

to You to your Satisfaction, If You are or shall be informed of auy News that |y affect this Province or Yourselve®, I desire you Inld send me your luformatioas by some careful N^on that You shtill think proper to entrust with I and I will give him a Satisfaction for his Trouble.

have 110 more at pi'esent than to assure you of the [utinuance of my Regards for You and all the In- |ins in your Ni^ighborhood,

JAME8 HAMILTON. I'liiladt^lpliiji, Uili A [nil, lir.l.

James Ham'Hpn.

271

8ha|R* proTidotl for tlip S(*ni< r- rrroiinnetided to you.

I JitH very 1111 willing to have Huy Difference with You t>n this ar any other Oecai^loii where it nan pos- *iibly lie avoided, and tberefore, after deelarinj? to Yun luy Opinion that 90 long an Adjournment will render any Tiling You am then propose to do for biB Majea- tie's Beiviee inellef'tual to the Ends he has been plea^M! to recommend, I nhall leave Yon act therein an ti» yourselves shall sck^ui most expedient.

I am pleased* neveHheless, with your Determination to provide for the Expences of tlit* Oentlemeu to be ap[)fnnted on the part of thli* Province for conducting tlip lYeaty at Albany, and with the sum voted as a I'ief*pnt to the Indians on that Oei-asion. it is like- wise a Hatisfactiou to me to find that the Nomination I have made of Commissioners for that Bepviee is agreeable to you.

JAMBS HAMILTON.

April 13th, 1754.

Letter to the Governor of Virginia Concerning the Contemplated Operations on the Ohio.

Philadelphia, 18th April, 1754.

IR:

^J I send this* by Express to acquaint yon that Our Assembly has once more broke up without enabling ni-e to afford You any assistance either in Men or Money on the present Expedition to Ohio. They had once agreed to vote Money for the King's Use and to leave the application of it to me, but afterwards <liffered about the Quantum, whether it should be Ten Thousand or Five Thousand Pounds. I should i\t the same time let you know that thr^re was only a

\2J2

I'apers of the Governors,

]Miijuiily of Two tbat were for granting any i^upplieE

jut all; and ILey b*?ing unable to agree among them- lst*hes with lespeet to tbe SvuDj proposed to adjourD I for the present and to meet again on tlie Sixth of l-Maj.

Ill order that You mny not place too great ReliancL* Ion the assistance Yoii liad Reason to expect from this iProvini^N r now think it incumbent on me to acquaint n ou that in my Opinion it is alto^ethi^r uncertain I whether any Thing will be done by our Assembly at ItlH^ir next Meeting that may contribute to the Success lof the Expedition. But a^ 1 still entertain Hope*^ of lit 1 must dedne the Favour of your opinion, upon a ISiipjiosition that they p:ive either of the forenientioueii lsinii>>, in wliat luannt^r il nuiy he disjitrjH*d of im^st Itu the advaiitaf;:!' of the Si*rvice, and to thi^ Sch**uie |formed by You for hiH Ma jes tic's Interej^t.

After so hm^r i] D(*l;iy :is iliis ruijoni'nnient imisl

jamcs Haniiiton. 273

j*vt niiil inform un* how I may he mof^t iiseful to You

iiM csLi&e the Aijs^erahly hun? fe^hould put a huiu uf Muiit-y

itito my Handle to bo di^pofied of for his llajt^tie'^ Si^r-

vice. I mufit nUo desire Yon will please to acfiuuint

tMie whether your Forees are at tually nianlietl towards*

Ohio and In what Number, what aeeouots you have

of their Proceedings or of those of the French, what

£i*»HiBtanc^^ You can now depend on from the ntlur

Oolonies, and in general whatever shall occur 10 Y*m

iis neees^aiy for mj Inforniation with i*espt^'t to this

» ITair, in which You may be as£»un*d I will coo pi rate

with You to the Extent of luy Power.

I am, Sir, Your most obt^dient humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTCIN.

To the Assembly Concerning the Operations on the Ohio, a Union of the Colonies in Indian Matters, Etc.

GENTLEMEN: As you are now met to resume the Consideration of the several Matters repeatedly and earnestly rec- ommended to You in consequence of his Majestie's ^I'ommands, in addition to what has been already com- iiHinicated, I now lay before You the melancholy ac- firount which I received on Friday last by Express Trom Col. \Yasliington of the appearance of a French *irmy of upwards of One Thousand Men, with Eighteen T^ieces of Artillery, before the Fort building by the A'irginians on the Ohio near the Mouth of Mohongialo, 5.!nd of their Surrender thereof on the Seventeenth of last Month to their Superior Force.

I thought it necessary after your adjournment to send an Express to Go\^mor Dinwiddie in order to

18— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

274 Papers of the Governors.

be particularly informed whether the Forces raised in His Government were actually marched towards Ohio and in what Number, and what Accounts he had of their Proceedings or of those of the French, what Assistance he could depend on from the other Colonies, and in general whatever should occur to him necessary for my Informafion with respect to this Affair, and to acciuaint me how I might be the most useful to him, and 1 have the Satisfaction to communicate to yon his Answer.

When you take into Consideration those Parts of ^fy Messages which relate to the Treaty at Albany, T must desire You will weigh with the utmost Atten- tion the sevei-al Matters recommended by Governor l>e Lancey in his Letter of the Nineteenth of April, and as they are of great Importance to the Interest of his Majestie's Colonies in general, and this in par- ticular, I hope they will have their due Weight with you in your Deliberations and advice.

Tlu* Proposals made by the Governors of Boston and New York for an Union of the several Colonies in Indian atlairs is so agreeable to my Sentiments that I earnestly recommend it to your Consideration, and that you will enable me to instruct the Commissioners from this Province to concur with Those from the other Colonies in cas<* a n^asonable IMan shall be ottered them for that Purpose. This Method of acting in Concert and by fair and equitable Quotas and Pro- I'ortions of Exih*uc(^ will in the End be much less chargeable and greatly more beneficial to our real In- terest than the Practice* now in Use of making fre- (juent and distinct Presents to the Indians, which have Ixen found by Experience to contribute little or noth- ing to th(Mr real Strength or Security, but on the con- tiary has administered Occasions of Debaucheries and Contentions among themselves wliich have ])roduced IrnM'oncileable animof*ities in Families and obliged

James Hamilton.

^75

tlieiD often to R*j*4imte from one aiiothi*!- to the great Weitketiing of our hidluu Interest ami Advunlag*' of onr powerful and enten>n»ing Rivals.

Not having of a long Tinio heard auv Thiog from tlie Indiana Living on the W'aters of the HanqiU'han- uahj I thought it necessary to send Mr, W'eiserto them with ii respectful Mi^seage^ conceived in general Tetins, and wltJi a View only to be informed in what Light the Hostilities of the French had been repreaentod to tbem, and whether any and what Measures had been pr4ipt»!H.*d to them In Belation thereto.

M\\ \Veiser*s Jouruey answered my Purijogea as You will see by his I^etterj;* which he dispatched to me by his 8on as ^^oon us he returned to his own Home,

JAMES HAMILTt>N.

May 7th, 1T54,

4

To the Assembly Concerning the Act for striking the Sum of Thirty Thousand Pounds in Bills of Credit and for Granting Ten Thousand Pounds Thereof to the King's Use.

GENTLEMEN: Considering the Royal Instruction laid before the Assembly the last Year, it must be apparent that I have, merely from a Desire to oblige You, consented to raise the Money intended for his Majestie's Use in the Manner by Y'ou proposed, and have prolonged the Currency of the Bills of Credit to be issued in Vertue of the Bill now under Consideration as far as 1 can think consistent with my own Safety.

And as the Fund to be established upon the Foot of my proposed Amendment will be more than siuflficient to repay the Sum granted by the Bill, I can see no Reason for extending the Act of Excise longer than

Papers of the Governors,

Ihif Yearw beyond tlie Date of its present Limitation, for Burthening the People uniiecessanly with a Tax |at possibly may uot be wanted, and therefore find Cause to reeede from that Ameodnient. And as( for the first, I am of Opinion it is so indis- l^nsably neet^^sary that nnleEis* gome sneh Providon made the whole Intent of the (5 rant to Mb Majesty ly 111- defeated, lint if, on further Consideration, |e Method by me proposcnl Khali not hi* approved hy >u, it will lie very ag:nH*able to me that Commission- be named in the Bill to art eonjiinctly with tli€ jmuiander in-Chief for tlie tinje l>eing, in dii^posing the Money.

JAMES HAMILTON. [May 15th, 11 u4.

James HamiKon.

277

Geutk^mc*n, is a Pririlef?:e which I neitlier haTe or ever shall deny to be inherent in You aa an Assembly, while ir is only nnderwrood to imply tlmt ww Money can be li'vied on the People without your Consent; Bat if jou WHiuld infer from it tluit 1 have no Right to exer- else my Judgment with resi>ei-t to Money Bills farther than either to approve or reject them as they are tiffered to me, I must beg leave to differ from Ytni in niv Opinion, both from the R^^ason of the Tiling and the Practice of my Predeceasor» upon several Oeca-

The Governors of this Province are invested with fine Half of the legislative Powers, and l^eing equally t-ancerned in Duty with the Assembly to consult the Fase. Fret^om and Welfare of the People committed \a\ their Care, must of Course be &uppos*/d to have a Right to interfere and rectify any Mistakes they appre- hend likely to be committed by the other Branch of the Legislature, as well in Regard to the laying of Taxes ;is to Matters of any other Kind, unless it can be proved they have renounced their Right thereto by some publick Act, which I do not conceive to have been the Case here; for to what Purpose is a Governor appointed and invested with a Share in the Legislative Authority if he hath no discretionary Power to object to what he thinks Amiss in the Proceedings of an Assembly, and is only to be made Use of as an Instru- ment to ratify their Transacticms, tho' ever so incon- sistent with his own Judgment and the Good of the X'eople?

You must be sensible, Gentlemen, that I have neither objected to the Sum granted for the Use of the Crown nor to the Manner of raising it as proposed by the Bill \inder Consideration, tho' I could heartily have wished that the Sum had been larg^er, and that it had been IBjiven more seasonably, a® well as that some less ex- ceptionable Method had been fallen on for raising it

■		^^^^^1
	278 Papers of the Governors. Ihau by rompelHng me to dt'i»art from tlie Letter of hi8 Maji*f<tie's Tnfitruetlou, whir li tinthtng less than my CoDcerii for the Kln*?'s fc^ervice uiid i\w Preservation Hi the People under my Government in this Time oi huniinent Danijtr could hare indueed me to comply with; on whieh accounts I hope his Majesty, upon b fair and candid Representation of the Case, will most graciously lie pleased to pardon um. My principal Objection you well know is onl> iif^ainst the Extension of the Fund whereby the Monej IK propos(*d to l>e repaid to an unnecessary Length, h} \\hw]\ a Tax is to be laid and continued upon the Peo pie without the least apparent Necessity, Can You s^uppose, if there should he auy future Occasion, that a (lovrnior will icfust: liis assent I0 a Bill for levyin;^ .Mt^ricy fiiv the jrcncral rtiUly of lUe Pruvince? Or linvr Yfiu in tht^ ]ii'ps^'tiI Can^ at all intimated to uu ;iny Scrvirrs fni- which it is innv wniHcd?
	■

James Hamilton. 279

tn influence Mb Conduct, to wlikh 1 am hitherto a Stranger, vet if one may judg^e from the Circumstances of his not having coramimirfited them to those who at that Time had the great c*st share of his Gonfldeneej QQd of hi§ having never transmitted that Act for the lioyal Approbation, I am inclined to think they were »och as he himself was not very well pleased with. For my own Part, as 1 never made the Actions of another the Rule of my Conduct farther than I thought them founded in Reason, and a^ at present I see none for altering my Opinion with regard to the propofl*Hl Amendment, I shall not recede from it bnt upon Con- ditlon that You enlarge the Hum given for his Ma- jest ie's Use, in which case I %vill agree to extend the Act in such Maxiner ub to sink it in the same Propor- tions.

But it is possible, Gentlemen, that more may be concealed under this Sollicitude for a long Extension of the Excise than You have thought proper to reveal, otherwise I cannot account for your desiring to ex- tend it so much beyond the usual Term, which in this Province never Exceeded Five Years till the Late (Tovernor thought fit to grant it for Ten, for no good Reason I have ever heard given or believe possible to be given.

It is well known that by the Laws now in Force the Publick Money is solely in the Disposal of the As- sembly, without the Participation of the Go^^rno^; nevertheless while these Acts by which Money was raised were of short Duration, the Governor had now and then an Opportunity of obliging the Assembly in a very Essential Manner by a Renewal of those Acts, and thereby of making himself acceptable to them, but to extend them to such an unreasonable T^ength of Time as you now desire might be to render him in a ^'peat Measure unnecessary to them during the Con- tinuance of those Acts, but upon Terms very disagree-

L*n

[So

Papers of the Governors,

I hie to himself as well aa injiiriuns to his Constit Mollis, To tliift fondition, tlverefore, 1 will not be jhe Means of refhieing any Suec*^syor of mine, and thif* rinnimstance ia of no i^uiall addttioniU ^^'eight with fwj to adbere to my Amendment-

Vou will please to obMTvt*, Gentlemen, that the IfueHtion l^etwixt You and me 18 not which of Us is ln\st acquainted with the Circumstances of the People, |iat whether it be i-^ai^onabie lo burden them with a ax for a long Term of Time without any apparent Ceressity. If any sueh had occurred to You I cannot lut think You would have made iMention of it in year llesimge, but a® Yon have not t>een pleased to point it jut to me, I must of coarse conclude none such has ap- lea 14 ^d to You,

Vrni ai'e L'Xi-ecdin*^ly Jiiistal^tn, tientlemen, if \'oii

^iilly (In su]i]ujsi' UH^ eJlhei' li* li:i\r chau^^ed my Si^n

IniH^nts ^^illl n'8[Mn( lu ilit* linpiH liiiue of lln^ prcsrnt

James Hamilton. 281

lH*t, to which End I once more call upon Yon pursuant to hii# Miijestie"!* Orders for mnh Supplies as thi* pveu* t^ut Euit^rgt*ury nt Affairs requirffB,

Upon the whole, Gentlemen. I have nlitady pine farther in my Conde^eerii^ionB to plea si* Yiju Hum T am warranted to do lij the King'^ Jnsti'uctlonj unless You will make an addition to the Bum mentioned in tlie .ISin, and have at my own Kinqne c^xtended the t^ur* reurj^ of the Money to be ist«ned on thiis occa^^ion for a \i*ar longer than the utmost l^erm allow t*d to thx* Kastern ^lOve^nme^tH by the late Art of ParUament.

I well know the Htate of your Pub lick Funds, and that the Loan OflSce itself were the Money duly rol- ler ted is able to furnish a miieh larger Snm than Vmi luive thought lit to ^ant to his Majeet^^ upon thw important Occasion, independant of the Interf-st lieit*- tifter to accrue, which, together with the Excise, make up a Revenue of moi-e than Six Thousand Pounds a Tear. This Money belongs to the People, and had Y^ou thought fit might have been employed for the Service recommended to Y^ou without laying any additional Tax upon them before it became necessary. I have, nevertheless, consented to gratify you in extending the Excise for such Time as is more than sufficient to repay the Sum granted to hisi Majesty without l>reaking in upon either of your pi-esent Funds or the outstanding Interest of the Loan Office, which I cannot c»stimate together w ith the broken Interest at less than Twelve Thousand Pounds. If, then, considering the favourable State of your Finances, You shall decline to do what is Majesty so justly expects from you, merely on account of my refusing w^holly to disregard liis Majef*tie's instruction, which would justly subject lue to his highest Displeasure, and to join with You in laying a Tax upon the People without its appearing to me to be in the least necessary, I think I may more justly impute to You a wanton Disregard of his Ma-

Papers of the Governors.

stie'e CommandB and of the Security and Protection

your Constittients than Yon can insinuate of me

Lukewarniues^ with Eeganl to his Maje^tie's Ser-

ice, of which I have the gri^atest Detestation, and

"om which I hoped my Conduct thro' this whole affjiir

light have exempted me.

Let me^ therefore, Gt^ntlemeu, recommend to your rioTis attention a Review of your Conduct upon the^

resent OecasioUj and if You shall find that You have n to precipitate in the Resolution contained in your Ifessago, let me entreat You lo rectify it before it

e too late, for as 1 must be obliged soon to lay this hole Transtaction before his Majesty, it would give e the grea tt^ Pleasure that both You and I might

H'eive hiti gracious Ajijirobation of our Servict^s; But

f contrary to my IlorN?s You should sitill persist in fusing to accept of n^y Ami»mlm<^Tit. nnd the Bill ould by that Means be lo^t, 1 cannot but apprehend

James Haiii.lioii.

wEee~of New York, has rettiived Urir Diiec ma to hold an Interview with our loviu^ and goml Urn the ^\x I'liited Nations of Indians £it the City of tany within our said Province for deliveriof? to ?uj Our Presents and far r-enewing the (.'ovinAnt aiu with them, and haei fixed npon tht* Fonrleeuth J of JuDeen&nmg for this Purpose; and it has been lal when an Interview has been held with these Lians for all Lis ilaje&tie's Colonies whose Interest I Seeurity is eonneeted with and depends nixm m to join in smch an Interview, and it appears to us t the present Disposition of those Indians, and attempts which have bei^ made to withdraw thetu [11 our Interest do make such a general Interview ru particularlv necessary at this Time, when the >ject9 of the French King have actually marched [) and erected Forts and committed Hostilitiess hin the known Limits of our Dominions; Knoic Ye t Reposing Special Trust and Confidence in your ralty, Abilities, and Prudence, We have thought to nominate and appoint You the said John Penn, hard Peters, Isaac Norris, and Benjamin Franklin, 1 Every of You, our Commissioners on Behalf of r Governor of our Province of Pennsylvania afore- i, in Conjunction with Our Lieutenant Governor of sv' York and with the Commissioners of the other rernments, to treat with the said Six United Na- i« of Indians at Albany, or with their or any or ry of their Chiefs of Delegates, and with them to ew% ratify, and confirm the I^eagues of Amity sub- ing between U« and the said Nations of Indians, I to make them the Presents that have been pro- ed for them by the Governor and Assembly of Our d Province of Pennsylvania; and further, to do, act^ nsact, and finally to conclude and agree with the Hans aforesaid all and every other Matter and Thing licb to You shall appear necessary for the engaging

Papers of the Governors*

i?m heartily in our lutore^t, nod for frustrating any |:temjjt8 which have beeu made to withdraw them 3m it, as fully and amply to all Intents, Construc- ^1119, and Purposes, as Our Governor of Our Province I*enni3iylvHnia aforesaid might or could do being [rsonally pressent: Hereby ratifying, contirming, and llding fortirni, and eiftH.^ttial whatsoever you the said Ihn Penn, Rieiiard l*eters, Isaac Nonis and Benja- in Franklin, or any of Vou, shall lawfully do io and lout the PremiseB, In TeHtimony whereof V\e. have luBed the Great Seiil of Our Said Province to be Ireunto affixeti, WUium, JAMES HAMILTON, Es lire (bj Vertue of a Comnxispion from Thomas Penn Id Richard I'enn, EsNiuii-es, true and absolute Phk lietaries of I lie wiid Prtniinr, and willi i^iir Hnyal L^robatiouK Lieuteuunt GoviTuor and Comma ndrr- l-riiief of the Pniviner* afnn.'^aiil, inul rcnintiri?* of .nvcuslle, Kent, and Sussex, iijuni nilaware, \\\ Pliil

INDIA Red

I

mile.

i

(Ih

James Haniilton, 285

k\> iiomioated are Mr. Penn, Mr* Peters, Mr, Norris, 3*D(I Mr. FraiikHnj the Twa lirst are of the Coiiucil Ijei-^ and tbo othei-s of the Assembly, of whicli Mr, Sons in the Hpeaker. 1 am in hopCtt they will be found to answer in every Respect the Chararfer tiidr Lot-dahipft have pointed out to us I0 the Choice of Coiiimissiioiiers, and by a candid and ingenou^ Be- tuiviour en Me tLemselveis? to your particular Notice audCivilitieSj to which I beg leiive to n^eommend them- It wniild have given me the greatest Batisf action LMuld I have sent these Gentlemen to you under lu- strQctioas agi*eable to your own Plan, which I ana con- vinced is extremely well calculated for his Majes tie's Beryjce and the Interest and S**curity of these Colo- ines, and this 1 have not failed frequently to represent to the leading men of our Ai^^^mbly in pri%^ate as well *'8 to the whole in Publick. But from the particular ^iews of Some and the Ignorance and Jealousy of Others, I have not been able to obtain from them any specific Powers or Advices in relation to this Affair; J*nd have, therefore, been obliged to content myself with giving them a general Commission to renew the Covenant Chain with the Six Nations, and to frustrate Jis much as lies in their Power any Attempts that liave been made to withdraw them from the British Interest. I am in hopes, nevertheless, with you, that upon a full and free Discussion of the State of the Colonies at the Treaty, something of general Utility may be agreed upon, or that a candid Representation of our Condition may be made to his Majesty, and his Interposition implored for our Protection; since unless some proi^>er Measures be speedily taken, I can see nothing to prevent this very fine Province, owing to the Absurdity of its Constitution and the Principles of the governing Parts of its Inhabitants, from being an easy Prey to the Attempts of the Common Enemy. Our Assembly after having met three several Times

Papers of the Governors.

Ileiilic^rate an the Subject of the Expedition to Obio, length presented me a bill for granting to his Ma- ty an aid of Ten Tlionsand Pounds and entniBted with the Disposal of it, and I pleased myself with hopes of being able to employ it in sueh manner as ^hl have been serviceable to the general Interest

I we II HB to onr own Safety; but on Perneal of the

II I found jt so crowded with advautagt*® to thein* li.^s uud HO entirely calculated to reuder them inde- Ident of the Governor for a Long Term of Time, h 1 could not consistent mth my Honour or the Ut reposed in me give my asseut to it; and as» not- jhstanding all 1 eould say to them, they continued [tinately to adhere to the Bill, I wa^ to my great

It i trillion nbligcd to reject it, so tli;it Mr. nhiwiil^ i^ not like to receive any A^f*i^t;nu"t» from Us for Vvjir, Ih'ure I Mm incliiK^l lt> think they were |te coarerned to save Aitpearjuices lu leji^ird to

James Hamilton.

287'

I

hime^elf at a Loss for proper Terms to express himself is frequently obligetl to make Us^e of Circamloeutioo, which would pkque bis Pride in the View of eo cou- «iderable an Audience. He says he understands the Luiguage perfectly when he bears it spoken, and will at all Times attend and Use his Endeavour that what- ever is said by the Indians be truly interpreted to the Gentlemen; and in this Respect 1 really think You may securely rely on his good Sense and Integrity.

I hQg leave to act]uaiut You that the Proprietor has he^u for some time past desirous of giving Encour- agement to People for the Settlement of his Frontiers, hut for want of an Indian Purchase has not been able tc da it, I have, therefore, directed Mr, Penn and Mr, Peters, when other Businet^s will permit, to make Use of the Opportunity of sounding the Indians upon that Subject^ to which should Ihpy j^eem en dined Y"on will confer a particular Obligation both on the Pro- prietors and me by assisting with your good offices.

I have only to wish Y^ou a pleasant Journey to Al- bany, and an happy and successful Issue to your Nego- ciations, and to assure Y^ou that I am,

Sir, Y^ou most obedient and most humble Servant,

JAMES HAMILTON.

Governor De Lancey.

Speech to the Assembly Concerning the Affairs of the Province.

MR. SPEAKER AND GENTLEMEN OF THE As- sembly—

The importance of the several Matters I have now to lay before Y'ou, both to his Majestie's Service and to the Safety and Protection of the Inhabitants

Papers of the Governors.

Proviace^ wiUj I am |H^rsunded, render any

ly for calliDg yon tiJgellit^r bt^fon^ the Time to

k'oii Rtood adjourned aliogether inHRn't*fisary.

|\\ill be pk'Eised, then, to know that 1 have lately

1(1 from the Commander in-Chief of tlie Forces

|l>y Virgil Ilia for Defence of hi» Majc*stie*R Do-

an Account of those Forces having been at-

and entirely defeated by a sniierlor Body lif

Troops, assisted by a considerabtL^ Knniher of

nnder their Direction,

I )arinjjf Insult upon his Majestie's Subjects with-

Imdoiibted Limits of bis Dominions, in a Time of

lid Peace, very clearly points out the maniftdd

IticK We have Kea^on to aiJia'ehend on a Hup*

It ween the two Crowns, from the Incursions of

Ifd and rolcrjiriKiiii: P<MJ]ile in ('nnjniictinn witli

MIS XmMous of Havaf^i^s, if Hun 1m* }H'i !iiitti'<l

Hiii:l]iiMi llicmselves sn uiku to IIm' inhalnlrd

i^si' Pi'nviacrs. Onr [Hiaii[jal .\ltjn\r. ilu'i^*

James Hamilton.

289

my t»ariie«t Bequest may be every Day expected, and wli^u ret^eived sliall iuniiLHliately be eotiiiiitiiiirated to Voti,

111 tbi^ mean wliile it will he highly expedient that in order to save Tinie Vou take into Consideration the most proper Ways and Means of raising a B apply for this Service, in the doing of which T flatter myself Yon will indngtriousaly avoid whaievt^r may be Hltely to occasion any DitTerence in Opinion between You and Me to the Hetriment of the Common Cause and Diw- iippointnient of hia MajeBtie's juBt Expectations from Us,

The nnhappy Issue of the late Action between Us and the French has already begun to create an Addi- tional Charge to the Publiuk, as will appear by the Pai>ei*fe T shall order to be laid before You. By them V^Hi will hr infoinied Timt a Tindy af tlu^ Six Kations in our Alliance with the Half King and other consid- erable Men at their Head, have been obliged from a Dread of the French Power to remove with their Families from the Places of their usual Residence and to take a Refuge within our Province where many others are soon expected to join them, and as they are by this means deprived of the Benefit of Hunting, by which their Families were principally supported, they have acquainted me that they expect their Brethren of Pennsylvania should provide for them while their Men will be engaged in War against the Common Enemy. And in Compliance with their Expectations, which did not appear unreasonable, I have ordered a Quantity of Provisions to be delivered to them, not doubting but You will chearfully make Provision for the Expence that has already arisen and will here after arise upon the s;ame Occasion. Since nothing can be more just than that while the Men are prevented of the means of subsisting their Families by their

19— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

ttachmiMit to his Majestie^B ioterest, and are actually liplo^x^ iu promoting i^ without Pay or Reward, leir Wivoa and Children, who axe incapable of Bup* Irting themselves, should be uialDtained at the Pub- k Ex pence.

JThe People of Cuuiberland and of the upper Parts of

mcaster County are so apprt^heunive of Danger at

Critical Juncture from tlie nearness of the Freoeh

Id Savages under their Influent?^, that the principal

pabitants have in the most earnest manner j>eti-

pned me to pro^^de for their Protection, representing

f hal that a great Number would be warm and Actii-e

Defence of themselves and their Country were they

gabled so lo be by being supplied with Anns and

rtmunition, which many of tht^ni are unable to pur-

lase at their own |irivuli^ Kxpeuce, The t^uhstain e

tlu^L' ^eveial Pel it ions, wliirh 1 nhall likvwisi^ ovdi^r

be laid befon* you, ^ippears To nu\ ntMilleiiieiu to he

the *rreati*st Importance and well woriliy nf xnnv

James Hamilton,

Uite Treaty at Albany, ae on Peru sal thereof You will fii^arly pL*iCL4ve that the Landft on the Uiver Ohio do yet belong to tlie ludiaus of the Hix Nations, and have Umg since beeu by them i>ut under the Protec- tioti of the Crown of England; That the Proceedings nf the Fi*eacli in erectiDg Forts on that Kiver and in the Coun treys adjacent have never received tlie Coun- tenance or Approbation of those Nations, but on the contraiy are expressly declared by them to have been without their Privity or Consent; That they are gt^at- ly alarmed at the rapid Progress of the French, and in severe Terms reproach I7s with supine Negligence and the defenceless State of our Possessions, and in EtTect call upon Us to fortify our fron tiers as well for the Security of their Connti^y's as of our own. That after a due and weighty Reflection on these sev- eral Matters with many Others of equal Importance, the Commissioners thought it necessary to consider of and draw up a Representation of the present State of the Colonies, And from thence judging that no effect- ual Opposition was like to be made to the destructive Measui^es of the French but by an Union of them all for their mutual Defence, devised likewise a general Plan for that Purpose to be offered to the Considera- tion of their respective Legislatures.

And as both those Papers appear to me to contain Matters of the utmost Consecjuence to the Welfare of the Colonies in general, and to have been digested and drawn up with great Clearness and Strength of Judg- ment, I cannot but express my Approbation of them, and do, therefore, recommend them to you as well worthy of your closest and most serious Attention.

August 7th, 1754.

I'apers of the Governors.

?lter to George Croghaii Concerning his Conduct I towards the Inthans and (Ither Similar Matters.

Philadelpliui, 2Sd Augu&t» 1754, IK:

Vour Expi-esB arrived on Tui^iiy Afternoon and

delivered me your I^etter of the Kixteentb Ins^tant,

JeloBing Four ditfert*nt Parcels iif Wampum, your

:"count of Expenees for tlie Bupply of Indian Pro-

douE nijw at AuequUk, and a Copy of Lien tenant

|obo*s Letter from Fort Duquesne to the Command-

IMlieer of tht^ Virginia Forces.

wish it had arrived when thf? Aseembly was sitting,

It as they had finished the Bnsinese of the Year and

[d »eparatf*d on Satnrday, I puuld do no bett^?r than

W hrluit^ iljr ruuiu'il and laUr Uu* At! vice of sueh

■udii^rf^ as vvciif' in Town.

|Bv llicni il \\:{^ rinivhidrd \\va\ Mr. \\t^is*^r, wht) wiiti

rTniiatrlv iti Town, Klinuld *zn and mnsiiU 'witli \u\\

James Hamilton. 293

m^ tlie Munej. But as the Time tixt?d by me fur my Administration draws to a Period, and a new Govur- jior is» hourly expected to arrive, We entertain good hot)es for this Difference will uo longer continue, hut give way to a perfect Ifarinonyj and thai fittinj;^ ^Sup* jjU*^ will be immediately raised, and thiw l^roviace nuicnr with Virpnia in vigorous EfTortu in rejjel the common Invader,

I hope you will study to oblige Mr. Weiser, and that lie and You will perfectly agree together, and tho' it may not be prudent a« it cannot l>e known what the fulnre Governor and A&sembly will do to give the Indians tuo large Exjieetation of Supplieia, yet they Bhuuld not be difscoura^^ed by any means*. You will, therefore, consult in what manner to deliver these ^u timentd to the ludians so as to Hte<^r betw^een the two Extremes.

I expect you will omit no opportunity of giving me full Infornmtion of all Occurrences worthy of Relation, or of assuring the Indians that we shall always behave to them >nth tlie utmost Affection and Kindness.

If the Indians be i)ermitted to drink strong Liquors it will be impossible for them to exert their Strength or to preserve their Understanding. I must, there- fore, be importunate with you to prevent all such Liquors from being carried to them on any Pretence whatever; and I order You to stave every Cask where- in any are found, and to return to me the names of the Inhabitants as shall presume to bring strong Liquors among the Indians, that they may be dealt with ac- cording to Law; nor let them think that they shall e?ca[>e as they have hitherto done, since it is now determined to spare none of these Offenders.

I may venture to assure you that \"our Services will be duly consid(»red. and that a prudent Behaviour ill the ^ranag(*nient of such an important Concern as is now comitted to vour Care will recommend You to

	Papers of the Governors. vour of tile Gt^vt-rnment, who will be tberebv 1(1 to give you all becoming Encoiiiagemetita Weitjer goes by his own House, where he will liy more than a day, so that you may expt^ct vy soon after this Messenger, I am, Sir, Your humble Bervant, JAMES HAMILTON,
rtions to Conrad Weiser Concerning His Con- as Ambassador to the Shawonese and Dela- Indians at Aucquick. rxi; inrEivEi) by kxpkkss a me?^- lagf fiDin (Ihilf Kiiij4) Tiiuarliarlsson uiid l^cwv ^ooyady, who wrth some Rhawonesc and Dehi- 'ame hitr^ly to Aucfjuiek and intend tn stay bi-rc
	■

James Hamilton. 295

**Brethren—

*'Tlie Governi>r sent me Express to anknowledgr? and j thauk Yoa for jour Mesisage hj Mr, Crogliaii and bid^ Vau welcome to Auciiiiifk, aud to enquire after your Heiilth and that of your Faniilies*

^'Brethren;

^'You have done right to put Yourselves under the Protection of this Province. We shall make all neces* i*ary Provision for You till the Government ahall come to some I determination respecting the present Bit* uation of Affairs,

'*Brethreii:

"Our present Governor's Administration, agreeabk* to whM lias been nome time ago fixed by himself, dmws to a l^eriod. A new Governor is appointed and IS hourly expected. This renders it difficult for 1T» to know what to do. We are all disposed to concur with Virginia and to repel the French, but are awaiting for the Arrival of the New Governor that it may be done more effectually.

"Brethren :

"This being the Case, the Governor, who is your hearty Friend, desires You will be quiet and remain where You are till the Governor of Virginia or He, or both together, who I believe are determined to strike the French this Fall, send to You to let You know their Determination and what they expect from You."

As to the Speeches made by the Shawonese and Del- awares to the Governors of Pennsylvania and Vir- ginia, which were delivered to Mr. Croghan and the Half King, consult with Mr. Croghan about the par- ticulars thereof, and return such Answers as are con- sistent with the Treaties subsisting between Us and the present Circumstances of our Affairs.

You are to declare to the Inhabitants that they will be severely punished if they presume on any Consider-

Papers of the Governors.

to carry strong LiquorB to AiictiiiUU, and Vou I'tmrge the Indiaim to ^tave all th(* Ca»kt=t, and k will not do it Vou are to insist on Mr. Croghan'8 lit.

TJistributioD of the tlin*e hundixKl Pounds In lit ted U> your Caiv, in wliit^h You may c*onsnlt JMr, Croghan, and when you have settled every to your Mind ^Ir. Cro^han after your Departure |je better able to eontinue Matters in the same |e You shall have pot them in.

JAMES HAMILTON- lladelphia, 24th August, 1754.

ROBERT HUNTER

MORRIS. Lieutenant Governor.

1754-1756.

( 297)

	^H	^
1'

Chiipter II L

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS,

Lieutcniint Govern ur,

1754-1756-

TUE AnMrNfHTHATlON OF GOVERNOR MOR ris wui« sliort ill time but cmwdefl with evi^uts fniught witli momentous po&aibilities. The soii of Lewis MorriSf Chief Justice of New York and ^ew mSevwy, and at one time Goveriioi- of the latter* he huil liimf^eir be<.*n liis fat liter's siiiffpssor on the heurli of INew Jersej'. Hi entered upon his office at a time ^hen the relations between the Executive and Legis- lative departments of the Colony were strained almost to the bi-eaking point. Hampered on the one hand Tjy his instructions from the Proprietaries, pressed on the other by the crying need of the country for funds for defence, and blocked on both sid<^ by the unyield- ing determination of the Assembly to proWde for the expenses of war only in a manner prohibited by the Penns, his case was hard indeed. The Braddock cam- paign with its train of subsequent events rather ac- centuated than mitigated the intestine troubles of the Province and after less than two years of troublous service — October 1754- August 175() — he retired from his office.

(299)

;oo

Papers of the Governors.

M

Inaugural Speech to the Assembly.

U. HPEAKER AND GENTLEWEN OF THE AS-

sJiembly:

On Mr. llamilttm's ResigDatiun tht* Honourable •roprietarit^ wure pimsed to ap])oint me to th(» Com- naod of this I*rovinee; and as I am ppr^uaded they Hivt* uo thing more at Hinu't Hian thi? Welfare and *nmpt!rity of the People, I flatter iiiygelf their Cholee ff me was from the (Opinion t!iey entertaim.Mi that I .\ (juld, to the utrnoKt of my Power, promote the orener-til tnpjdoefis, la which it shall be my earnest EndeavourH rot to digapjKjinl them. I therefore take this early >p|Mjrt unity of a&surinR You that I sihall upon all Oe- ;iNion!s he stiuhoii^ to prntect the Feopli^ foniinittrd o my Charge in I lie Enjoyment of nil their rivil and t^lip^ioo?* Privilept^s, untl nt 1hf* ?^aim* tiiiic^ he rar(*ftil o rnaininin tliejusi Ki^^lils uf < wjv<m nurenl. n^itMinsHly ^lulm'i^^' to Ihe Pnhlir rmod.

Robert Hunter Morris.

301

t>\ tho uuliapp> t/oiidition these Colonii_*s will lie re- fim-ed to whuuM tliey ever become subject to tlh* Fnmch. 1 do, therefore, in his Maje«tie'e Name ear- ii(i*Hy recommend it to You to exert Yourselves at this iHfiral Juncture in Defence of jour Country wliilt* tk4r Nnnibei*s ure ^mull and before they have estab- iistlied themeeheti iti their prem^nt Situation, and shall only obs^^rve that if this Opportunity be Iob*1 it iw not iiMj We t*hall ever have another ^o fiivonraldc-

It when Yon i^hall think it a proper Heason to pro- ct?<*d to private Business, You shall find any i.aws wttnUtig for the better Government uf Uie Piovinie, 1 shall be ready to enter upon the Consideration of ^vluu You shall ju^opose, and *rive my Ctu* s?;i>nt to surli i<M 1 shall judge rtuisonable and for the imblick utility*

Speech to the Assembly Urging Proper Provision for the Defence of the Province.

MK. SPEAKER AND GENTLEMEN OF THE AS- senibl}" :

As you are now met for the Dispatch of Business I think it my duty to remind you of what I said at the Opening of the last Sitting, and to lay before you a Letter I have since received from Sir Tliomas Rob- inson, one of his Majestie's principal Secretaries of State, signifying to me **His Majesty's express Com- mands that I should not only act vigorously in De- fence of the Government under my Care, but that I should likewise be aiding and assisting his Majesty's other Colonies to repel any hostile Attempts made against them."

At the Time of writing that lietter, on the Fifth of July last. His Majesty and Ilis Ministers were only

■	Di	^^^^^H
	• i2 Papers of the Governors. formed tbat the French had drove muw of the Vir- nia Ttoops from a Place on Ohio at the Mouth of ohongialo and were erecting a Fort there; and you 111 observe they think those Advantages gained by e Fi-ench ^*might have been in a great Meaaure if not tally prevented if every one of His Majesty's tiov- nniente had exerted themselves according to the irections in the Earl of Holderne&s^ Letter of ihe iveaty-eighth oi" August,*' You are Bensible that many Thiugu have hapjiened uce the Retreat from the ForlvS of 5IouUoDgialo that Lve put our A Hairs upon the Frontierti in a very bad t nation, much worse than His Majetsty and His Min- :ers have any Knowledge of, or than they can iKJssibly uigine, as thev are well infoiuiwl of tin* tJiMirishin|j; ate of tlit^^ Colonies, of the Numbers of Men they e capable of raising, and liad great Reason to rxpect at iu a Matter in wliirh the !nter(^[>i and Safety of
1	■

Robert Hunter Morris.

303

Odt be acti\Te for »m till they ^^e n Foree in flu* Field inperior to tliat of the French, and if 1h:it hp not soon they will certainly (five up our Case and cinbrace the tempting Offers made them by the French.

tientlemen: it ib now several Years mure the Frenrh imd€*rtook this Exjiedition, and we have long liad full Intelligence of their Designs and of the Bteps they hare taken to carry them into Execution, Their Prog- rtjss indited ha« been very surprising, owing chiefly to the inactivity of the English Colonies, who I am »orry to say have looked with too much Indifference upon an AJTair that must end in their Kuin if not timely prevented.

When you have maturely <?onsidered the ("Jnndu ct of the French upon the present Oeca«iou, and observed th^ Hteadinesfi with which they have pursued a welt- laid plan, you cannot doubt but very considerable Men have been concerned in the Formation of this Scheme, and that proper persons are employed in the Execution of it; and as the circumstances of these Colonies are bj no Means unknown to the French, they are doubt- less prepared to make a vigorous Defence, and will not easily give up what they have taken so much Pains and been at such Expence to gain, but rather will be induced to attack us, knowing our weak and defence- less State, and that we are as it were an open door for the Conquest of the rest of the Provinces. We must, therefore, resolves to act with Vigour or not at all, for in my Opinion we had better not attempt than be defeated.

These Incroachments of the French upon the Terri- tories of the Crown of Britain in America have turned the Eyes of Europe to this Quarter of the World, as it is uncertain what Effects they may produce; the Conduct, therefore, of these Colonies will be more than over the Object of their attention, and ours in particu- lar, who are immediately concerned; for whether the

Papers of the Governors,

rencb Forts are T\\itliiii the particulai' Litnitf^ of this pvince or not I look tipon to be very iiiiniaterial iu (e present Case, though in my Opinion they are clear- so; but be that as it niaVj our Situation at presc^ut U^rTtinly very alarming. The French on our Bordt*rs lo numerous, strongly foi^tified, well provided, and liily eU(*reaHitig* The ^mall Body of KugUsh Troops the Frontiers weakened by the Desertion from the ^de|K*ndent Componies, and the want of Discipline the New I^Mit^, The six Nations of Indiana for lerly our firm Friends, divided among themi^elves, |any of them gone over to the Frenrh^ ;uid others ivering and in Doubt whether to follow their Breth- 1, or continue with us- The neighbouring Provinces t<M^pt Vir^iuiaj Uioo<j^)i iitMriy luten/sti'd iu Ihr Issih* (hv preiieut AITairj either rontributing ntithing n> irds the eoinnion Cniise or ii]);irioj^ly; atid ihongh irgiina lias indeed ^iveii Tliiny Tliniiisand Povnids,

Kobert Hunter Morris, 305

ro Ihu GtliLT L'olonies, utid slu-w yoxir Con«litiifiita tluit You have iiotUing nioru at Heart ihnn to secure U> tbeiu and thc4r i'osteritj tbe Coiitimuuice of the ninny in valuable Blessings they enjoy,

KOHERT HTNTEK MUKHIS. Herein I >er 3, 1T54.

To the Delaware Indians On the Ohio and Sasque- Hannah Rivers.

T//K HONOUIIABLE ROBERT HUNTER MorrU^ Estpiiri\ Limitenaut Gavtrnor und Vimi' wimider-ln- Chi^f of thi' J^mnncr* of Pmn^hmnm md $he Otmnties of Newm^tfe^ Kent^ and St^^iW^ ufH^n

Ti) the Delaware Indians lirimi on the River Ohio and

the Sicsquehann ah : lUetlieren:

Be pleased to hear what I am going to say to you. Rretheren :

Immediately after my arrival to this (lovernment of Pennsylvania, which is committed to my Care by vour Brethren the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania, the then Governour, that is Mr. Hamilton, gave me all the Papei'^ relating to Indian Affairs in order th«it I might deliberate upon them. I found among them a Speech .you made at Aughwick to Conrad Weiser the Provin- cial Interpreter to the Six United Nations, at which I am exceedingly well pleased tind have laid it before the Old and Wise People of Pennsylvania now met in Council. We are very glad that you so well remem- t>er the Arrival of that great Man William Penn and his People the first Settlers of Pennsylvania, and that you are desirous the Treaty of Friendship then made between our Forefathers on both Sides should last from Generation to Generation as long as the World should stand. You judge right to say that we are one

2(H-Vol. II— 4th Ser.

3o6 Papers of the Governors.

Flesh and Blood with .you. We thank you for your (jood Will and Kindness, and we do on our Side renew the said Treaty made between our Forefathers.

Here a Belt of Wampum to be given. Bretheren :

Notwithstanding you now live at a great distance from us we look uiK)n you to be one People with us, and that you sprung up out of the same Si>ot of Earth where some of us did, and now live upon it. We look upon the Place aou now live on as a place of Spoil and good Hunting; this never makes any Odds be- tween Bretheren. You are within Call, and we desire that a good Correspondence may be kept between us and you from time to time, especially in time of Dan- ger. Consider always that here is your Home, and hei\? your Council Fire has been burning for many Years.

Here give the largest Belt. Brethei-en:

We d(^ire that you will not listen to any thing con- trary to what has been said to you now. You know how many false Stories are told. ' We, on our side, take no more Notice of them than of the Noise of little Birds singing in the Woods.

Uer(» give a String of Wampum. Bretheren:

We are glad to hear that there subsists such a good Cnderstanding betw(H*n you and your Bi-ethren the Shawonese, a People that we love. Be jileased to give them this P^elt of Wampum, and thank them on our T><*]ialf for the kind Speech (or answer to our fonner K(M]nest^ made at Aughwick in your Presence to this Ciovernnient and delivere<l to Connid Weiser.

Here a large B(^lt of Wani])um.

BOBT. H. MORRIS.

Robert Hunter Morris.

sm

To the Assembly Recommending Provisiun for the^ Maintenance of the Indians at Aughwick,

GENTLEMEN; I bare ordere^d two Letters whicli I rc*L'i*i\**<l Ex|>re»H fi'oiJi Mr. (ri^arge Crr>|^lum, tht^ IVrwon en* trusted with the Care of the Indians at Augliwick, ta^ be laid be^fore you, by which you will Ix* iiifonueil of the PrQ|iOfialii iiinde by the Freiirb to th<* Indians that removed from the Ohio, and of their Answer.

Th€*t*e People liave been hithtM-to iiioiutniii'ed by this Province, and 1 tjelieve you will be of opinion that it i» m?ces8ary to eontinue this Support, at least till next i Kpring; and as some of the Chiefs hit to net out Hir the greet Council at Onondago upon the Ketum of thiei KxjM'ese? it may determine the RtMsotntfon of that Coun- cil in Favour of the English if I am enabled to assnrt* these Chiefs before their Departure that this Govern- ment will eontinue to maintain such of their People as they leave behind them, and will take Measures to secure them against any sudden Attack. As those Peaple have always been very firmly attached to the English Interest, and by their Answer to the French Message seem to give up all Thoughts of returning to Ohio while it remains in their Hands, I must recom- mend it to you to make provision for their Mainte- nance, and for setting up some Stoccadoes round the place they fix upon for their Winter Residence.

I have detained the Express till I could know your Resolutions, and therefore hope you will give this Affair the necessary Dispatch.

That part of Mr. Croghan's I^etters relating to him- self will, I make no doubt, be duly considered, and his Services rewarded in such Manner as to give him per feet Satisfaction.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS.

December 4, 1754.

ra|>ers of the Governors.

llie Assembly Recommending Legislation Rela- tive to Sickly Vessels aTid Passengers.

TvXTLEMEN:

A Cijiitaj^ioiiK Distemper wa« ihln f^umnwv intro- dured into \h\^ City bv the t ouiing ii|» of siekly Ves- U and landing distempei'd Persons and their in-

|ted tioods, and the/ evory Thing the Uovornment liUi legally do avii» done to prevent its intrduction or li-eading, yet the Measures taken did not proTe ef- kuriL The Disorder, 1 am informed, was chiefly con- led to the Oernians and those who were oblig^ to be peh with them, and is now abated* But l)i ostein I NM'j^ of tiiat kind may hpr(*after bf* more ivcrsal and iiiort^ fatal 1 thrr rftnr i\\h\k ilily MnlU*r Jrlliy y(jnr ronwideratinii, and iH-fomuic^nd it h" yau rxMis(^ I he Law** now jo hrinj^ relati**: In sirUly *ls ;nLil Pujf^^riim'is. and hi makr Pinvisi(Ki Un-

Robert Hunter Morris. ^og

to pass any T^w for creating Mouey io rap<?r Hillfl ft'itliout a Bu^pt^udiDg Clause that it iihaU not iak^ Effect till big Majesty's Pleasnre he known; And to shew you, Oentlenien, that 1 do not <*ntiit*ly rely upon my own Judgment as to the Validity of that Inst rue lion, I herewith send you the Opimou of 8ir Dudley Ryder, the hite Attorney General and pi^eeent Chief Jui*tiee of Kngland, by w^hieh you may »e^ that upon as favourable a Btate of the Case as rould have been dm wu up by your own House he is clearly of Opinion that the lustruetion is mcmt certainly in Force and hi riding upon me; however, u^ the Act of Parliament restraining the four Eastern Govern men ts from Emit- ting PufK^r Curency gives them a Power to strike Bills of Credit in Case of Emergency^ I hope I shall be jnsti* fled in thinking the Beason holds good as to 11^ who are in the greatest Danger, being almady invaded by the French and in immediate Expectation of Outrage from the Indians in their Alliance. I will, therefore, join with you in any Bill for what Sum you shall think our pressing Occasions demand, provided a Fund be established for sinking the same in Five Years.

I am exceedingly obliged to the House for their kind Sentiments with Regard to me, and shall m«ake it my peculiar Care so to act as to merit the Continuance of their good Opinion, and can truly say it is no small Mortification to me to be obliged to differ in Opinion from the Representatives of the Province, who I am ( onvinced Act from upright Motives and what they esteem to be its true Interest, but would willingly hope when they come to reflect on the Obligations I am under to pay Obedience to his Majesty's Instructions that they will not press me to disobey them, especially when they consider that should I disregard my own Honour and Safety in passing a Bill circumstanced as this is there is great Danger of its being disapproved by hi« Majesty, and what Loss and Confusion such an

Papers of the Governors.

lent would cause in the Province by the Paper Bills

Iroiiiin^p t>f no \aluc I netnl not particularly mention, lYon >vill ol)H*rve from Uovi^riioi- Sbarpt^'s Letter, liich I yesterdfiy I'ljceived and now lay befoi*e you, lat the* French and Indiana uijou the Ohio are min-li jjre nu nacrous than we appn hended, making in the liule Two Thoiisnnd Men beisides what they have al- iidy mi th** Lake Erii*. and as they liavt* got together \i*h a considerable Fort'e at ]\m inhospitable Beasou

cannot make a doubt bnt they will be nnich stronger I the t^pring.

On the Information mentioned in that letter we may ^ewi^ expect an Attack upon our Back Settlements,

Freneh hiivinff >*<*nt a OetarlHiient of the Arundark

Idiiins upon lluit Ki-rvicf. jiml ti8 we have ]U\ FiU're

rewist then I they ^s ill be at IJbiM'ty t(> ct mini it wiiiit

|j*^hies Ihcy phsme lliion Hit* defentelcsh J*rn[ih' that

\{\>\\ the reiimii' I'arts of Hiis rrnviiue.

Robert Hunter Morris. 3U

i\su KeginientH of Fimh from Irt'land, to be (^niipleJU^Ml ill Amentia, tind to raii^e ivvo others in this Country, to be ramniandeil by his Excen**uey (lovifriior Shirley iSi and 8ir Williaui Pe[i|it*iell, for tJic Deft^nce of his* Majesty's ju^t Kigkts mid DoutiBioiis.

Hi» Majesty will appoint a General Officer of liatiU iiud Capaiity to take upou him the Coajmaml in (.'hief of all hia Fortes in North Atui^rica, who will ^4ion ht^ here with a Deputy Quarter Mais tt?r4>eiienil and Com- ini*«i<ary of the M maters^ in order to prepare every thing fur the Arrival of the For(;<?8, U is 'Majesty ha*< been oIbo graciously pleased to ordt^r Arms, CI oath in g, and til her Necessaries* to be sent hither upon tht- present important OceuBion, and likewise (3rdnanee Stores, and liflieers and Attendants Ik*1o aging thereto.

^iich Proofs of His Majesty V gracious and paternal liegiinJ Jtad Attention for the ^\'el^an* anil Seruijty €.)f his Subjects in North America cannot fail to excite ^lie warmest Returns of Duty and dratitude in the IBreast of every Man that Regards his Country, his IFamily, or himself. And it gives me particular Pleas- ^ire that we are now sitting in General Assembly, as "%\'e have thereby not only an early opi^ortunity of tes- tifying the grateful Sense we have of His Majesty's <'are and Protection, but of exerting ourselves in the Service of our Country at this important Conjuncture, ^md setting a proper Example to the other Colonies.

You will observe by the Secretary of State's Ijetter that it is his Maiesty^s Pleasure we should contribute as far as we can to the having about three thousand Men in readiness to enlist; that we should pro\ide a Quantity of Fresh Provisions for the Troops, and Nec- essaries for the Officers that may have occasion to travel by liand; that the Orders to be issued by the C^ommander-in-Chief for (|uartering the Soldiers and impressing Carriages should be carried into exact Exe- Mition, and that all Necessaries should be provided for

Papers of the Governors,

.h Troops fts shall ariive or be rained within this

ivernjnent.

I His Majesty exi>ect« that ^h the aevpral Articles |K)ve mentioifd iin^ of a local and peculiar Nature, Id arisiuji: i^utiitly within this Government, that the liarge thereof should be defrayi^ by Ma Subjo^tts Ithln the same.

You will ako DbeervGj Gentlemen, that it is His [ajesty's Pleasure that Bnch Artiiles of Expense as of a ntore fiL-neral Ooneern should be supplied II a common luud, \o l>e eHtahUwhed for the Benefit

all the Colonies in North America collectively; for liieh I'lirpoite he lian ordered me to recommend it to [tj in the Btrongfst manner forthwith to raise as lari^e |Siim as can be afforded, iifi llie Oontrihution of this

^fcviiiri^ Upwards such rniiniifui l^^imL to he einjrloy^Hl

(>^[siniiiiM\ tVir the ^ri^ociat Si ivirc *^i' X(U"th Aiucr-

1. initjH a IMau tyf iiMtifr-al TiUfui <if his Miijrsty'is ilhi'in f'dloTiirs tor lluir icMiniiou Ih-IViuc cjui b**

Robert Hunter Morris. 313

Tnick^meu*^^ Hurs^» aud Carria^*© as maj be Ht> iiD- pretjsed, and the I*rire uf aui'li Provisions* and other Neiv»»ariu« as ata^v In* seized ii{Km tbt^ preetent ih*vd- sian^ that no disputes may arise betw^L-eii the Civil and Military Ottiitfrs^ aud that all [*o^ibk' Ayusi stance iimy bt; giveo to thost^ that shall he eiuphiyed in the Public fcH^Tvice, without Injury to private Ferrous.

KOKEKT IIUNTEK MURK IS?. Deeeuiber llith, 17o4,

Speech to Certain Six Nations.

BRETHKEN: I am j^oing to retnrn you an Answer, I g\Y^ thie

String to testify that 1 mean to disclose all that is in my Heart, and to desire you will hearken to what I say and lay it up in your Breast.

A String. Bretheren :

I took Notice of every thing that was said to me on Friday last, and assjjre you it gave me great Satisfac- tion. I take it kindly of Scarroyady for calling on me in his Way to Onondago, and for mentioning the Par- ticular of what he intends to say to the Six Nations, which is all very good. His Errand is an important one; And I i)erceive he will execute what is committed to him extremely well. Brother:

Since you so kindly solicite me to join in the King's Invitation to the Six Nations to send Deputies to Win- chester, and that 1 will take upon me to do the same for the Neighbouring Provin(*e of Maryland, Behold this large Belt of Fourteen Kcjws, one End of which is held by Maryland and the other by I'ennsjlvania. Both our Hands are upon it. and we desire the Six Na-

Papers of the CJovcrnors.

will give The utmost atteiitioo to what tlie Oov 1 1- of V'irgiuui say» to tbem. We join in that JiiYi- 111. We think it uecesgiu'v that there i^huuld be leetiug between the King's Ooveruons and the m of the fiix Nations early in the Spring, the ler the better, per:

tnienilier that Maryhmd lifihlw one End of thi^ Belt

|I theothei% and that wcjoin it to that of Virginia,

LleUfH^d to tell thetn on our Part that Letters are

I'ed fiom tlie Kia^ of Kn^huid in Answer to those

liars, wherein liis Majt^ty was informed of the

pitms of the Fivaeh at Ohio, and h«* immediately

uf lijs graeiriii^ Kej^rVrdR for iia and our Brethren

^i\ Natiiiiis \A\vd nut sinnr uf his lav^r Sliijis and

|1 1 1ll IN witli Soldii^rs anti ArtiiV and ('^uLuon, and

3Ut* now i>n till' S<:*;s roojiji;r l^^ *>'n^ Aid, so tliiit

loon as ihc S|.ri!i^ ii|ii'Tts Mm^ Six Nnlioos n^ay hi-

Robert Hunter Morris. 315

and retTirn this Way and let un know them and wbat we are to expect fvoui fheiiK If thej nre hearty they will give im the Mei?lirig, if DOt tliey will make Exeiigt^, btit urge them to come, that all Matters may be settled and meaHure» conoerted early. Hul take notiee that we do not asj^k you to go to \\':Lr yet, We only mean to joio in tht* KiiigV luvitation. First see what will be done and htiir what the King will say to you at Win* Chester, Ue Mtill till then. Brother :

We thank you for the PaiiiH you have taken witit Hit' wiMeral Tribt^« of Indians who Hve over the Ohio, T wight wee», Owainlats> P^^nkisihawe*, Shawamv**^ and I Ma wares*. W\* aiv i^Uid to hear they are all so liearty, and have eharj^ed yon to let the 8ix ^'ations ktiow thi». Brother:

You tell us that you undertake this Journey at the repeated re^iuest of the Six Nations themselvefn ; that it was agi*ef^ on before the Death of our late good and worthy Friend and Brother; and that the several Na- tions of Indians know of this Journey of yours; and that the King lias like\vis<» s^^nt a Message by you. We are glad all these Matters are put into sueli good Hands and eomniitted to the Tare of a Man who is so sensible that the Tause of the Indians and English is one and the same, and who joins his own Heart to the Hearts of all the Indians and all the English. Bee for us then Scarroyady; Hear for us; Speak for us and lay before the Nations call the Blood of our & their Ancestoi's, spill'd, cruelly spiird bj^ their endeavour- ing to hinder the French from Executing their wicked Purposes against the Indians. Brother Jagrea:

^Ve undei^stand that you had some Thoughts of ac- companying Scarroyady to Onondago. We have con- sulted our Wise Men, and Thev and We think it will

3i6 Papers of the Governors.

be more for the Public (lood (hat you should return inimodlately to the? Owendats. By this String, there fore, we make our Ro<iue«t to you to return, and by it we would likewise make you our Messenger to the ^Varriors of the Owendats, who have trusted you with the several Puri>o«es of their Hearts. Brother:

This Belt you are to deliver in our Names to those Warrioi-s, and assure them that their Message is come from under Ground to us in the right Place, and shall continue in our Breast untill wx* shall have the Pleas- ure to st^ them at Winchester.

December 24, 1754.

To the Assembly Disapproving again of the Bill for Striking Twenty Thousand Pounds and Urging Other Prompt Action in Providing for the Defence of the Province.

GENTLEMEN: W'lieu your Hill for striking T^venty Thousand Pounds, iVca., was before me. I duly' considei^eii the dangerous Circumstances in which the Province was involved and tlu* absolute Nec<^ssity of speedy Measures to remove the French from their Encroach- UK^nts, and this induced me instead of adding a Clause to suspend the Force of the Act till his Majesty's rM(»asure could be known to send it back to you that you might frame such an one as I was at Liberty to give my consent to, and at the same time to signify to you that I would agit^e to the striking any Sum the present Emergency might require, provided Funds were established for sinking the same in Five Years, that being the Term ])rescrib(Ml by an Act of Parlia- ment for i-egulating Paper Money in the P^astern Gov-

Robert Hunter Morris. 317

LTnmcntfit, tind J thouglit the Keason of that Act ax- tended here thouj^h the F**roe of it did not^ and I hoped that I should be excused if I so far relaxed the iD^triic* tion upon the [/reseot OecaBion as to aet agreeable to the Rule laid down by Parliament for the neighbour- ing GoveruoieutSj and i am sorrj for the sake of the Public to fjod hy your Message that you have so far luiEiippi-eheiided me an to eoiiceive that 1 intend to insist upon the susi>t^ndiiig (.'la use in this daugcroUB mt nation of Aft'siin^, which the WortU of my Message do in no wi»e imjKjrt, and that" upon the whole you refuse to accede to the reasonable Measures I proposed.

The ruse stated for Bir Dudley Rider's Opinion was drawn up with lotention to know Ikiw far that In- Ktnidion was bmding upon the Lieutenant Governor fcif the Time being, and not whether Colh Thomas had acted right or wrong in passing an Act for striking Five Thousand I'ounds with a suspending Clause, to which the Case stated neither could nor ought to have any Reference.

It does not appear to me that the Opinion only re- gards common and ordinary Emissoins; the Instruc- tion itself you are sensible is very general, and that all the late Assemblie's Objections are placed in the fairest and strongest Light in the State of the Case. Colonel Thomas" Conduct is no Rule to me, nor will mine be for any one that may succeed me, and if we judge from his not transmitting that Act to England we may presume that lie did not look upon that Par- ticular as the most recommendatory Part of his Ad- ministration. It is true he never was censured for it, and indeed how could he, as the Transaction was never made known to His Majesty or His Ministers; And he now enjoys a considerable Trust under the Crown. But you must be convinced that what princi- pally recommended him to His Majesty's Favour was the warm Zeal he discoven^d for his Majesty's Service,

J

■	Ilk	^^^^^^H
	• 8 Papers of the Governors. vimdy Ohi'tlience to Itis lawful Commands, nnd an urty J ucii nation to promote the Publick Service by moyiui; His Majesty*^ Ent.^n)ies and endeavouring to ovide for tbe I>efen<^e of that Fart of Hie Majesty's ^minions then under his immediate' Direction. Xm the Fact you mention relating to the Case laid ujj the Lords of Trade before the Attorney and Solici- r General isi nut of Tublic Xotoriety it is quite un- iown to me; but )*hoiild it be as you say, whenever ey shall report their opinion and His Majesty shall ink fit to imuv diJferent Instrnctions, 1 shall ondea- Hir to jjay the proi>er Obedience to them; but while is Matter is only under the Comsideration of the At- rut^y nnd Holicitoi- iieueral, if in Truth it be so, I do i\ si^i* rhai I ran taUt- iiny ^^^ri^c nf ii. TIk^ Debates in rarlinnirnt, nr whatever any noble emhrr \v;is jils^ased r^ say tm tlint cMraHtHL liavi' 1 ink lii tlr Cunuertjan wilh tbr Matter iniw befmt: us.
1	■

Robert Hunter Morris* 319

iiaix* alrefld.v possossed themselves of great [mri of thin I*roviiice^ and imt leave tht*m ut Liberty to make fuj- rht*r Eiirmat'hni<^iit», and their Havage Allies ta make wUat Iueiir'«iou» and I'muiriit wl»at Orueltit^s they please.

A» i was ic a g^-eiit Measure a Stranger to your Coq- i»tt tilt ion and fio Ijighljr to Ije entrusted by the Proprie- larit'Sj it s^eeiued ijuite nefe^surv that I should reeelvt* Instructions from fUein — all which are «o perfectly rakulatt/d to promote and ISt'eure the I'rof^perity and rtal Happiness of the Inhabitants of thi« Country, and »<> reaj^anable in themselves that I eau safely as?iiirt* you tha( ootlnn^ i^ reipiired *jf in** by tiiem that I Hlioiiki not think it niy Duty (o do if lliey had never l>eetj givexi ine.

And though I think it not quite deeent and T believe uupn*eedt'Mtt*d fnr a (Inverunr it* In* r:il]id iifimi for a sight of his Instructions, yet I shall communicate them to the House whenever the Public Service shall require it; and accordingly I take this oj/portunity to acquaint you that I have it among other Things in Charge from the Proprietaries to rei^ommend to you in the most pressing Manner to provide at this Time for the Defence and Safety of the Province, not only by affording such Aids as His Majesty from Time to Time may retjuire, but by establishing a regular Militia with in this I*rovince, and providing Arms and Stores of War, and building proi)er Magazines in the most con- venient places. All these Things they desire may be done in such Manner as to be least burthensome to the Inhjibitants, and particularly so as not to oblige any Persons to bear Arms who are or may be conscien- tiously scrupulous against it.

This, Gentlemen, in Pursuance of my Instructions from the Prof)rietaric^, I now^ earnestly recommend to you to do with all imaginable Dispatch, as this Prov- ince never was in more imminent danger than it is at

?20

Papers of the Governors.

Ipresent, liaviug, as you kuow, a veij laige Body of iFreGch Troops in the Back Parts of it, assisted by a Igr^at Number of Indians in theh- Alliance, and tbe iGovernmeut withont Men acipiainttHi witli Military iDiscpilne, Arms, or Ammunition. And as His Majesty land ITis Ministers, aa ^^U as the Proiirietai ies, de[>end lupon me to give them true and exact accounts of the Imitate and Ojrcumatancefl of tbe Province committed Hi* my Care, I must desire You will give me a clear and ■determinate Answer to this Point, that I may be able Ito lay the same before His Majesty in such a 'Manner Ins may make the interposition of Parliament entirely lunnecessary.

(ientlemeni W hih' I had your Message of the tweu- Itietli Instant under my Ootisidf^ration and was prepar- \iuix ill"* fon'^rnni^f An^surr h> it. J ren^viMl yours t^f the iTwrntyfirifit in An^wi-r hi mini- af the Nnu^ter^nth, ac [{'fimnanyiiin; Sif Thomas J^lllinK^^nV LettiM- nf tin- Tweii-

fVSixTll nf Oi (nli[*T' l;iSf. ;ilir] :nM T'rnHv riMnrilM'tJ III

Robert Hunter Morris. 321

lettion iiad jou appljed for it; and I am very sorry that such a Dispute glujiild be revived in tlie very be- ginDiug of my Admiuist ration, and at a Time wlien tlie conuiion Safety requires that we should lay aside all other Con»ideratio£is but our preeent imminent Danger, aud nse up as one Mau to drive the Fi^eneh fi'om our Borders, and secure our Countij a^ain^t their IncroachmentB for the future- Was there no other Method foi- raiBing >[one)* for the present It^erviee but that you have proposed and Insisted upon your Conduct might appear in a more Favorable Light. But as you now have or ought to liave, by the I^jiws in being, in Bank between Fourteen Thousand nnd Fiftet^u Tliou^^aud Pounds, and a Reve- nue of i?^even Thousand J'ounds a Year, as this City and l*rovince are in rich and flourishing Cireunistance», sind as the People are uumerou^^ an (I bitrthened with none or very trifling Taxes, I cannot consent to pass the Bill you propose, it being a direct Breach of a Royal Instruction intended to enforce an Act of Par- liament of the Sixth of Queen Anne, which you know has been shamefully slighted and disregarded in this and the neighbouring Provinces.

The Reason for my having recommended it to you to consider whether a Law would not be necessary to settle and establish the Wages or Hire to be paid for such Tradesmen's Horses and Carriage® as might be impressed for his Majesty's Service by Military Men, was in Favour of TJberty and intended to restrain them from impressing Freeholders, and to prevent disputes t>etween the Owners of Carriages and other Neces- saries; and that if the Exigency of Affairs should ren- der it necessary to impress any, it might be only single Men and such as have no Habitations or Settlements among us, whose Service may be wanted in the Coui-se of this Expedition.

21— Vol. IT— 4th Ser.

I

2 Papers of the Governors. Upuu tht^ wlioli- you will oaiisider, Oeutlemeu, in liat Liglit ytiu will appear to his Majesty and a ^itisli PiirlijiiiirJil. whci are eKiRmdinj^ j|reat suuis td uney for the l>efeiiee of tliese ColonieSj while you, e very Proviiiee moat eoneerned, as being invaded^ stead of etrntrihiiting towardj^ your own Defence are teiiiig into au ilMimed CoiitroverKy coneeniiug the lUtliiy of Royal TostnietioDs, whieh might have been tenuhietl long ago, and may be delay'd to a more nvenicnt Tinn* without any the leas«t Injury to the ghls of the People, Let me, therefore, Gentlemen, onee more recommend e pri*seut unhappy Cireumstanees of this Country to ur mot^t t^erious CV>n«ideration, and entrt^at you to y aside (for the pn*s**nt at ienf*t) every Thing that iiy admit uf nuy Diwinite. and i^nter llrarUly li^ta rli Mi-asiiTew a^ may best auhWi-r the Pnblirk Kxpec- lioTis and ast^ist Hia Majc^^ty in the Meusurrs In- has 1 i-ei H'fl nnd ii* rarryia^ inh" Kxi'initon fur ilir Vn-s-

■

Robert Hunter Morris. 32J

"Brother Ona&~

**\Vheii the great Treaty was held at Albany tliis ^ummvr tlie Bix Natians in their Coandl appointed me to tlie Care of the Lauds at Wayoiiiing and tbe Xurth of tbe \\ estern Branch whieh tliey ke%?p fur the Ui*e of the India iib who are daily flocking there from all Pru't,^. and LH'4uaiiited the Commimiouei*s of Penn^ Bylvania in the PreseiH*e of ail the Peo])le that I, John bhielicalaniy, was th^*ir Agent, that they put thoae I^and^ into inv [lands, And that no White Men should eunie and settle there, and ordered me if they did to complain to this Govornnietit and to get thera pun- ii*h*d and turned off,

•'In virtue of this Appuintujent and Order uf tlie

fr?ix Nations 1, John Hblt kealamy, by this Belt eom-

|j]ain to Unag that some Foit*if^ijerBand Stran^a^rs who

\\\r un th*^ **t!H"r &^!de of X^^w Yink mid Imvr iHilhiiig to

<lo in these Parts, ai*e coming like Flocks of Birds to

disturb me and settle those Lands, and I am told that

they have bought those Lands of the Six Nations since

I left Albany, and that 1 have nothing further to do

with them. I desire you to send to these People not

to come, and if you do not prevent it I shall be oblig'd

to complain to the Six Nations.'^

Brother:

This is what John Shickalamy says him»elf by this Belt. Now hear what we say, and we give you an- other Belt to lie to John Hhickalamy's Belt, and we desire they may both go together to the Six Nations and. that you will bring us their Answer. We give you this String for the Purpose, and desire you to be Messenger for John Sliickcalamy and Us on this Occa- sion. Brother:

W^hat John Shickcalamy has told us we believe to be true, for agreeable to his Bequest sent by Conrad Weiser I dispatch'd away a Messenger to the Place

524

Papers of the Governors.

kvh<?re these People liirej which is on the other side of |New York, to enquire into the Truth for what John

^lu4"kcalamy miy^, and to df:*t5ire of the Government

mder whk-b these Htraiigers live to preTent their

^'oniing. And tliiH Messenger is returned from their Governor

lud has brought Ub his Answer, vizt., that e^everal of their People des^ign to go over Susquehanna h in the

vpriiig to settle the* \Vajomin{^ Lands, And that they say they have bought them and all the I^nds West |r>f them as far as the Ohio of the Indians since the

Treaty ar Albany. x\nd that tlie Lands are theirs, but Mieir Governor disowns them, blames them, and will lay their Proee+^dings before his Wi^e Men, firother:

If the IiHlianK hdw snhl thrjsp Lands Ui ihcsi' I 'en Ue You niuwt be yenwibhMl \>i w lUi^iwh of Faitli with |iMs Uoverntnenl, to wh(Mu ihiM^ Ivr unilrr llii^ lutisi Irum KiiL^^ii^i'MMMits i\]\i] \siMj wlirtTii tliiM' )i*A\t* \u nil

Robert Hunter Morris. 325

will breed a great OoiifimioD. Tbey and We will be |njt to the Trouble* of driving away tliese People if they r<»ine, and I do not Know but it may uocasiun a War IHween your People and tbe»e Wraagerg and hinder Us fpora fighting tlio French.

KOBEHT HUNTER MORHIR. l)ecemlier24,lT54.

To tlie Assembly Concerning tbe Paper Money Bill and the Provisions for the Defence of the Prov- ince.

GENTLEMEN: lu answer to jour Messafje of the twenty-Hfxth Instant 1 think it necessary to observe, that though the House of Commons have certainly a Right to ad- dret« the Crown for Information, and tho' former Gov- ernors of this Province, when they thought it neces- Hary, have laid particular Instructions before the As- jaiembiys, yet it does not from thence appear that you have a Right to have all the Governors' Instructions laid before whenever you think proper to demand tihem ; and I am still of Opinion that your Application for that Purpose is irregular and unprecedented.

It is certainly true that I have Proprietary Instruc- tions, as I am informed all Governors from the first S^ettlement of the Province have constantly had, and indeed it could not be otherwise seeing the Proprie* taries are answerable for the Conduct and bound by the acts of their Governoi's. But I cannot think it at this Time for His Majesty's Service or the Interest of this Province to communicate them to you further than I have already done, especially as you claim it as a Right, and seem industriously to seek for these Instructions a« a fresh Matter to dispute upon, when

Papers of the Governors.

ne riiblick 8t^rvice rei]uires tliat von fc^boiild be otliCT- lii^e L^i»iplDyt*ti ; and as yon exprf.^s8 so great a Dislike m Proi»netaiy Jnstriu^tions* thai in the very Me»- jifr<" wbt^ieln Yoii desire they may be communicated

you Von dec III re you intend to make the Force and laUdily of thein ibe great End of your Petition to the Irown, and this witlioiit so umcb r^ knowing what lume Instructions aiw further than that the Proprie- iries earnestly reromiuend it to yini to prcjvide for |iu Defence of the Province in the Manner mentioned

my last 5fe«sag:e,

When your Bill for wftriking Forty Thousand Pounds la*4 before nie I found it was contrary to the Royal Istnirtion directed tn the Lieutenant Governor of this Irtivintr fur i\w liiiK^ ln*in^^ and in tlu^ t>]>iniini o( Ir Ibnllf'Y Hydrr in Forre ;ind iruidiii;^^ iipini iiit^; and jnhtniT ^iDv funlo^r l^^t^lUuaMoll 1 sent il bark to |iii wi(h I hill (jpiaic^ri. :iiid by a M*'sya*:i' iufnnN*^!

a ■

Robert Hunter Mprrisj,

be your own, in which I liave not nor do I desirp to have any tlie least Concern,

An J evasion of the Civil and Heligioua Libt^rtjt' of ji I'eople, which are in their Nului-e sacied, and ought lo bi* 6o esteemed by Governments, is amongst tho woiftt of Crimea, and is greatly aggravated vvht*u done by One who is bound by Duty imd Oath to pre*eive t!ios*f* lUt^^Kings and to protect the Peoph* in the En- joy mt*nt of tlnMu. His Sacred Majesty, who throu^^h the foorse of a long and happy Rdgn has studied to [>rc*»et've the Bights and Liberties of all Iliw Rnbjeets and lias always made tlie Laws and Const itntlon of LUn Kingdotiis th^ Hule and Measure of His Govern- meal, 1 am wure disdains a Thought of doing or a]*- proving any Thing that may be injurious to them; and I am satisfied a British Parliament will never e*iteem a Royal Instruction, issued fit their own Request and intended to enforce a good and wholesome Law, in tlie least destructive of the Civil or Religious Liber- ties of any part of His Majesty^s Subjects, whatever you the Representatives of Pennsylvania may do. And it. gives me particular Concern that you should pur- I>o€>ely enter into a Dispute about that Instruction and choose to express and publiinh such Sentiments of His Majesty- s Government at a Time like this, when a French Army are fortifying themselves in your Coun- try; and I earnestly recommend it to you to consider whether such Expressions may not have a Tendency to alienate the AiTections of the People of this Prov- ince from Hi» Majesty's Person and (jovernment, and thereby greatly obstruct the Measures he is taking at a vast Expence for the Preservation and Protection of His Subjects upon this Continent.

I have lately received intelligence that a Body of nigh Six Thousand of the best Ti^oojis of France, se- lected and sent over upon this particular Service, are arnved at the Lower Fort upon the Ohio, and are em-

Pajjers of the Governors.

Jjjed in farllfyiug that Country. Thi« must runvinee

that the f'ourl of France^ has formed Borae graod twigiis with regard to thiw i'ontiuent, and as tlic^y Ive made tlieir tii*?it Attjuk upon this Province, with- it Ihniht on Aecoiint of its being the most plentiful Id only defenceless poi-t of His Majesty's Dominions^ ]hehof»ves us in a particular Manner to exert onr* iv^'K ujion the pn^aent Occasion* 1 miiHt, therefore, i'litlemeih once more intreat you to hiy aside ev t*ry- |in*f that: may admit of Dispute between us till a l)re favourable Bea»i>u, and enter seriously into the I nsi deration of the Danger to which your Country

f exposed, and not only grant the Supplier recom- nuU il by the Crown but enable me to raise a consid- lih](^ bndy of Men, ia be euiiiloyed in ronjuiH'tiou

111 the Trtjopt^ His ^^aj(^^ty has deslio(Ml for this Ji'vii'i*, and by eslabhsliing a ri/giilar Militia and pro-

in^^ tlii^ iit'tes^ary Sjuirs c^f Wnw h ave uh no b>uger

T na \*i

Robert Hunter Morris. 329

as, yet I am under no Appreliensiou but his Majesty ajid his Ministers will see your Conduct in a ti-ue Light* You certainly do not niiderstund or do misrepre- sent my last Measiige, or you rould iievc^r at-euse me of making a I'romise that 1 would lay before you the i'roprietary Instructions, '*so far a« they regarded the Itill for ^jfrantiug Twenty Thousand Pounds to the Kiiag's Use/' when I never bo much as told you that I had any »ueh^ or charge me with representing your Application for those Instructioni* "as having a Ti»n- <iency to alienate the AtTections of the Peoplt^ from Ills Majesty's Person an<) Govermnedt/* m*ither the one or the other having any Foundation, there lieing nothing in my Messages that by the most strained Construction can suii[>ui't what yon have said, I thought the Expressions you had tali en the Liberty to use with rcsjH^cl In lhc linval Itisti'iirtions relating to Paper Money might have a tendency to alienate the Affections of the People, tho' never 90 well disposed, as I very well know how fond they are of that Currency, and how much averse to any Restraints upon that Head. And had 1 not good Reason to think so when that Instruction has been represented as destructive of the Liberties of the People, in the Message now under my Consideration is called an Infraction of the Royal Charter? When his Majesty the Father and Protector of his People is represented in this Light to the Inhabitants of a Province so remote from his Royal Person, must it not have a Tendency to lessen their Afl'ection, And is not that dangerous at all Times, but more especially so at this Juncture, when his Majesty expects the Assistance of all his Subjects for their own Defence and Security? It is plain from what you have said relating to that Instruction that you think yourselves exempt from the Force of the Royal Instruction, j)articularly those relating to Paper Money. What can induce you to think that the Words

1

Papers of the Governors.

Koyal riiarter luay !>e coiistriH^d in Favour of I'lxiMiiptiim J will not U\kr npiui mv to say, t>iit I it in that tbe Crown of England can by no Meanji

WaeU of a JiinsdJelion over its iSuhjoi-tei, espe- I in Matters relating to the Htaudard and Cur-

i>f Mooej, coiuei-ninfj which it has very large I <'uliar Pierogati\^^s, no I'art of which are grant-

tilt* ItoyaJ Charter* You will^ therefore, con- liow just your Claims of Indei>endency upon this [re, and how prudent it will In? in you to iiisitft [lien.

are pleased to he ver^v angry with your Pro- I ieg for no other Reason that 1 can find htit laviujof given me tastmctions, and without know

lat tlKK^^ luwtrurtiani?* are yon rei»resent thenj as r livi- of llie Ijilirrtirs and rrivilr^i^ pnntiMi larti^r to the l'er»pl+- nf iliis rro\iu(e. Sufli a 111 ill lit ihai llonoiirahle Fataily frtHU whom Iht-

tahls cif rliis l*niviiiri^ liavi* de-rivpil so uiaTiv

Robert tlunter Morris.

33^

ICiKiw, Vmt I must tiiko tin* Liberty tu say lbt*y are not 4-oiiHiBletit with Ikn-ency^ Prudeni-t', uor the Public €food; iiud lioweyer you may clis»bti*Uevo me in Otlier TtiiiigH I bej^ you mil tbink lue j^iucere when I lell A on I hat 1 am <l(?teniimed not to lay the Propiietary liiHt met ions berore you at thi« Time farther than I have ahpudy dooe, notwithstanding any Thing yuu have said to induce me to it, being isensible that the^ are no way uecesHary^ and that you are in a very im- proper TEfmper for the Consideration of them, as you have without knowing what they iirt* derUued thetn defitruetive to your Liberties.

Tlie IVoprietary J n»t ructions, a« I told you bc*fore, are calculated to promote the Happiness and Fros- lieiity of this I'rovinee, and liave uotliing in them iti- mnsistent either with thti Prerogatives of the Crown ftf the Ijiberty ijf the Peoph*; and if tiios^e Instructions liad not been given me 1 should, nevertheless, have J^hought it my duty to have refused my Assent to the f^iil 3'ou sent me for emitting Paper Money.

There are Parts of that Bill that I had very mate- Hal Objection® to, but 1 wav'd them on Account of ^he pressing necessity of the Times, not doubting but •Vou would have offered such a one as I could have I massed consistent with the King's Instructions, as I then imagined you' really intended to grant Supplies ^or the Safety and Defence of the Province, and thought we should agree upon the Terms of Raising iiioney for that purpose; but your Behaviour since that trime has convinced me, and I am pei*swaded will con- X'inee my Superiors, that you never had any Intentions ^f putting this Province into a Posture of Defence, or of acting vigorously against the French upon your ^^orders.

As you take upon you to insinuate that I am re- »train'd by Proprietary Instructions from passing Bills for the Defence of the Country, I think it necessary

Papers of the Governors.

|n ei^sly to deny that 1 am m restrained, and to tell that r am i'*ady to pnt^s a Law for putting: tliin jivinrf^ into a PoBtun* of Deftmi-e by establishing a liiia and making the neeesnary Provisions; and thai lill unnsi^Tit to a Lxiw for omiltin^ any sum in Paper Jiu\v that, the present Knior^i-ncy may require, pro- Ird Funds are <i^tabli*ihed for mnkiutj^ thi* f^ame in |e years.

aaid "the Act of the Bixth of Queen Anne for

;*rtaining the Kates of foreign Coins in America

sliamefully sliglitptl and disregardr^l iu this Prov-

?," and 1 my ^o still, notwithstanding any Thing

have urg'd in your Message to the Contrary. It

blown to yon ;Mid oxi-ry One, that Spanish Pii-cee

jl^ight do now and for a Xnuibt^r of Years have

srd nnd hct'u turnait at St-vm Shillingis and Six

rr, ulii'U llial Acl r<'qnir*'s |ha! l!uy slmul^l pass

Six Shilliu^^s only, and tlnii aWirv rojuw air Ciir-

ii-aiiy TTJ ihr sanif l*i i'|nii 1 i^iu fisnn \\lnui'<* il

Robert Hunter Morris.

333

iioing Kliould have l>€*eu ia Hand <ni tlu»^ 15tb of Hep-

tt*i!ihi*r lar^t, amount to fit It^at^t Fourteen Tliousanrt

Puutids. 1 havt* ordi^iT^d the Calculation from which

I have takHi those Sums to be laid before jou, that

if I am wi*ong You may jioiDt out wherein I am m>. I

liiil not mean to upbraid You on Account of the Sum

uf Three Hundred and Forty-tliree Pounds Ten Shil-

Imgs due from tlie City of Philadelphia, the Intert^st

whereof, was it to be paid, would only amount to

Seventeen Pound** Three Shillingfs and 8ix Penccj

^vliiih 1 find to he the only Bum lent out that does not

ii<*ju* an Interest, and m in iteelf 8o trifling that I am

**ur[nrzed to find it menlioned in &nch a manner.

I'lKja the whole, CK*ntlemen, I whaJl have no Rea

^m to fpur the CenKui^ of his Majesty or a Britifth

^^arliatii^Mity or be a^hanuKi of the I 'art 1 liave actt*d,

^^'iien the Proceedings of this Session come under their

Consideration, since by them it will appear that I have

^''om Time to Time represented to you the Danger to

^'hich this Country stands exposed, the Progress the

^**i^uch have made, the Encrease of their Numbers,

**^icl every thing else that might induce You to act with

Vigour; that I have laid his Majesty's Commands be-

foi-e You, and repeatedly called upon Y'ou to grant the

^iaY)plies exi)ected from us by the Crown, and to put

t^l^^ Province into a Posture of defence, and to avoid

e^-ery thing that might admit of Dispute.

And from your several Messages it will fully ap- V>^iir that instead of doing what the Safety of your ^^oiintry and his Majesty's Service required, you have industriously engaged in a Contest about the Force ^^ a Royal Instruction relating to Paper Money, have entered into unseasonable Rt^solutions with Regard IVoprietai^ Instructions without knowing what lu-y r^y^, mi^ because I do not communicate to you ^^'hat You have no Right to demand You are pleased

tci

til

to

^Uake that an Excuse for not putting this Province

334 Papers of the Governors.

into a Posture of Defence, and chootit* to l(*ave this rich and plentiful Country, situated in the Center of his Majesty's Dominions, naked and open to the at- tacks of the French T\ithout a Militia or any one Thing nccessar}' for its Security. It will also appear that at this cntical Juncture, when it is the duty of every Man to exert himself to the utmost of his Abilities You proposed only Twenty Thousand Pounds this Cur- rency, which is not Two Pence in the Pound upon the just and real value of Estates in this Province, and this you call a generous Sum though you must be 8i*n- sible it is very insufficient to answer the present Exi- g(»ncy, and even this you refuse to give upon any Terms but such as are dii-ectly contrary to a Royal In- struction which You know is binding u]K)n me, though thert* are many other ways of raising Afoney not liable to that Objection, and though I offered to consent to a Law for emitting any Sum in Paper Money the present Km(Mg(»ncy might require*, provided Funds were es- tablished for sinking the same in Five Y'ears.

You will givr me h*ave to obs<»rv(» that one Act of duty and Loyalty to the Crown is worth a Thousand Kxpiessions of that sort where a proi)er Behaviour is wanting, and You will, therefore, consider how far your Words and Actions agrcv, and in what Light your Conduct will appt^nr to his Majesty and his Min isters, who will (»nquire what y<»u have done upon the present Occasicm not what you have said.

UOBERT lirXTER MORRIS.

January 7, 1755.

Robert Hunter Morris. 335

To the Assembly Concerning the Bill for Preventing the Importation of German or Other Passengers.

GENTLEMEN: Your Bill for preventing the Imiwrtation of Ger- man or other passengers, &c., I referred to the Con- tsideration of such of the 'Memhen* of the Council as -wei-e Members of the Corporation, who have made »undry Observations upon it which they have reported to me; and as the Bill is intended to preserve the Health of this City and Province, I shall give it all the ^Vttention in my Power, and make such Alterations ill it as may best answer the End proiK)S(td without laying too gi*eat Restraints upon Trade.

It would have been very agr(?eable to me to liavt* been able to have gone through it and sent it you down now, but I find myself too much engaged by Cor- respondences on hie Majesty's Service to finish it at present, and must, therefore, detain it till I can give it the Attention a Bill of such Importance requires.

ROBERT II. MORRIS. Januarv 7, 1755.

To the Assembly Objecting to Adjonrnnient without Providing for the Defence of the Province.

GENTLEMEN: I am V(*ry much surpris<*d at your Proposal to afljourn till May, a» You have made no Provisicm for tlie Defence of the Province or granted the Su|>- plies exi)ected by the Crown and nMommended by the Secretary of State's Ivettei*s. 1 must, therefor(\ obj(Mt to the pro{K)sed Adjoumnii^nt while Things remain in this Situation, and hoi>e you will in Consideration of the DangiT I0 whch your Country stands (^xpos(»d con

Papers of the Governors.

lo a Fostiirc^ of Defence, jukI tliO(M?e to leave thi«

|li aiitl ph'iitifiil C-ountry, siLiiated in the Center of Majesty'** Duniinians, naked and open to the at- [ks of the Fivneh without a Militia or any one Thing pea^iry for it» Security. It will also appear that jthis rritical Jnnrtui'€\ when it is the duty of every In to exeii: liini**elf to the ntuiost of his Abilities [t] ])ropoj<ied only Twenty Thousand Poand^ this Cur- In y, whhdi ii* ucit Two I'ence in tlii^ Pound upon the ft and real value of Estates in this Province, and Is you call a f^r-uerous Sum thoUKli y**Ti must be mm- lie it is Yi^ry iufiuftivient to answer the present Exi- |i(y. and even this you nefuiM^ to give upon any rms hut surh as are directly routrnry to a Royal tn- Imii^in whii-h You laiaw iw hiijdin^ npnn uu\ tlHHj;;h N'l* ai'i^ uiauy (itli(*r ways uf rai.-iin;: Moikm" uot lialih*^ |iliat t>bjri'nt(u. ahil Uioii^^h 1 i^trt^nd ro ruiisru! tn a f<>r i'liiit liii;^ any Sinn iit I'aftiM- Moin-y llu^ pi^-si^iit

Robert Hunter Morris. 337

this matter a full Consideration, and have consulted Mr. Weiser thereupon, and laid all before the Council, I can see no other way than to get Uendrick the Mo- hock Chief, who I believe and hope does not counte- nance this vile Transaction, to take a Journey to this City that I may lay before him the dangerous Effects of this dishonourable Sale, and consult with him by what means it can be defeated and the Peace of the Inhabi- tants of this Colony preserved.

I have read with pleasure the Letters that have passed between You and the late Governor Mr. Ham- ilton, as in them this matter is set forth in its true Light, and You kindly offer the Proprietaries and this Government your best Council and Assistance against this unjust Attempt; And by these as well as the Knowledge of your Goodness in other Resi>ects I am induced to give you this Ti'ouble.

You are sensible that at the late meeting of Com- missioners at Albany, the Six Nations in open Council mentioned to the Commissioners of Pennsylvania an Application then making to them for tlie Sale of some of the Saaquehanna Lands by Agents from Conneiti cut, and that they had absolutely refused to give any ear to such Projmsal, telling the Conimissioncnvs tb(\v were determined those Land}* sliould not be Settled, but reservcfl for a IMace of Ketreat to such as in this Time of War and Confusion between the Frencli and English might be obliged to leave their present Habi- tations, and that there was no Part of their Lands that lay so convenient as Wyoniink for a Number to live to- gether, and therefore they earnestly desired that Penn- sylvania would not insist on those Lands being compn*- hended within the Purchase then under Consideration. They repeated with warmth that neither the New Eng- land nor Pennsylvania IV*ople slionM settle them, and if either shou'd attempt it th(\v would opj)ose them with Force. L\nd in order to shew to the Commis-

22— Vol. II— 4tli Ser.

Papers of the Governors,

i(* sittinf{ till Yoii have graiifc*d the Hup|>lk»« to th<^ jwii niul t*lT**itiiany provi<li*el for the Defence *>f ll'i.*o|>k* You ivjirest'ut, but if Von are detenuined iiiie at tliJi^ Thiio without doiiifc any Thing, reiiiem- ]tt ii^ your own Act and ail tiie futnl Consequenees may atk*iifl your leaving tho Provinci^ in this dt*- |"i»h'Sf* State must lie at your Doors,

KOBT. H. MORRIt?- nniary 10, 1755.

ter to Colonel William Johnson Coiicernnig a tued of (7ertnTn Lands in the center of Pennsyt- lin'ni Allc^Cil {*} have hecu s>hiaiticd by (iiic L) cluis Inn Several Six X:Mimisi [ndiiins in I'^isorof C er- lin t/onneelicnl Penplc.

Robert IluiUcr Morris.

337

thi« iniitttT a fnll ro»Kid<nati(»ii, and have consulted Mr. Wfi&^tr tliert tiiiou, and laid all before thi^ Council, I can set* no otlicr way tljan to ^et Il(*ndnck tlit^ Mo- hoi'k Chiefj who 1 K^lieve and hope doeii not couute- iiiiuoe this vile Transaction^ to take a Journey to this City that I niuy lay before him the dangerous Effef'ti* of this dishonourable Sale, and consult with him by what inean^ it can be defeated and the Peace of the Inhahi- tiints of this Colony piTeserved*

I have re*id with pleasure the Letters that have passed between Von and the late Governor Mr. llajii- iltotij as in them thi^i matter is m*i forth in its true Llght^ and Yuu kindly offer the Proprietaries and this Government your best Council and Assistance against this unjust Attempt; Aud by tht*s*e as well as the Knowledge of your Goodness in other Respects i am induced to give you this Ti'ouble.

You are sensible that at the late meeting of Com- missioners at Albany, the Six Nations in open Council mentioned to the Commissioners of Pennsylvania an Application then making to them for the Sale of some of the Sasquehanna Lands by Agents from Connecti- cut, and that they had absolutely refused to give any ear to such Proposal, telling the Commissioners they were determined those Lands should not be Settled, but reserved for a IMare of Ketreat to such as in this Time of War and Confusion between the French and English might be obliged to leave their present Habi- tations, and that there w as no Part of their Lands that lay so convenient as Wyomink for a Number to live to- gether, and therefore they earnestly desired that Penn- sylvania would not insist on those Lands being compre- hended within the Purchase then under Consideration. They repeated with warmth that neither the New Eng- land nor Pennsylvania P(H)ple shou'd settle them, and if either shou'd attempt it they would oppose them with Force. And in order to shew to the Commis-

22— Vol. II— 4th Sen

Papers of the Governors.

Iint^rs of PennfSiylvaiiia tbat the Rest^n-e of these |iuds was a very deliberate act of tlieir Council,

further declared that m CouDcil they had then InufrLt proper to appoint John Shiokalaniy, an In- |m Chief of tlie Oneido Nation living in an Indian j>vvn on thof^e Lands as their A|^ent and Represent a- le, fT^^iug ^15^^ Orders to takr^ special Care of them, id desired he niip:ht be ronsidered by Pennsylvania as leir Agent, fharjifing him if he should find any White pple at t tempting to settle those Lands to make com- lint thertK}f immediately to the Government and to ^'e them removed, iThe Coraniissloners of Pennsylvania after shewinjj le Iudi«ns that those Lands v^reve in the Centre of leir Pniv]nei\ enneedrd to the In din us' Kei]u*'st that |e Piirrhnst^ s^liould nnl t^xtrnd to Hicmil Init then

the liidiniis nmst Itt^ i xjilii i1 n^niit tiii-ir InlPii- Im^i ^vitll rrs]i4 rt to any inidr-rlmud Pnn'tin^s in fa

Robert Hunter Morris.

V iieeticut FiHjpIe, with tltis whole Trangaction, and like- Hise **bewed him simdry Indian Deeds to the i^roprie- taries for tho^e I^^inds, at which he was pleii^ed lo express niueh Satisfaetioo and ta say that Pennsyl- vania niight depend upon having no further Trouble in this Affair.

Sir* 1 haw mentioned these particulars becatiE^e they

Hill ull serve to shew tliat whenever the Bis Nutioun

eljull in their publiek Council consider this Deed ob-

tainKl by Lydins, they w^ill de^m it a Violatiou of pub

lick Faith and an arrant piece of Fraud, and will

resent it not only as to Lydins, who they know to be

It Frt*iieh Convert, but as to the people of Connect! -

c-iit, and will rn^t Scruple to do them Mischief, llie

Hhickcalaniy*8 and the Indians who live at fc^hamokin

ond on Hampiehanna who are very nusnorous and d:iily

increasing, when they come to see the New^ England

IPeople settle these Lands w^hich they assuredly intend

t:o do early in the Spring, will most certainly oppose

them, and so a War between the Indians and the King's

S^ubjects will be brought into the very Bowels of this

X*rovince by this Connecticut Project, which ie under-

t:aken against fair Notice and a full Knowledge.

It is thought that if Ilendrick can be prevailed on to come down and should hear all these matters laid projierly before him, he would find out a method of laying the whole before the Six Nations and prevent- ing the Settlement of these Lands, but then as Indians do not like to blame one another should he be told Tieforehand that this is the Business he is sent for lie may decline coming. For this Reason it is thought 'better not to mention a Word of this matter to Hen- drick, but in as much as when he took his Leave of the Pennsylvania Commissioners he made this Gov- ernment a Tender of his Services, and declared in a very solemn manner that he would at any Time come to Phihidephia whenever the Governor should think

4

Papers of the Governors.

lecessary to send for.hini, to write him a general

[tm* founded un tliiB Province*, and to I<*ave it to

tu give bitii what Jnipre^^ioni; You pletiise of this

iruey and to persuade biui to take it immediatelj,

Che l/ftter m i^nclo^ed in on*^ of Mr* Clause, who hae

lections (o nhcw it to You and to consult with Y"on

Ivand when to deliver it and what to say to Hendrirk.

lie shouM deliver it a.s of hinitK^tf to llendrick, then

I would prohahly coujt? to couMilt You, and so you

^^lit with greater Advantagt^ give your adricej Bot

\nu think, otherwise *nnd that it m best for you to

|iver it. thi« is left entirely to you. I am^

8ir, Your moat obedient humble Strrvant, ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Letter in ilcndrick rclers. a MnliiK^k

h

Robert Hunter Morris. 341

rice, I now earnestly desire that You would Favour Vb with a Visit in order to consult on some Affairs in which the safety of thit Indians and his MajeMy's Cohmies are very much conc+^rued; that cannot be (imie hy Message, but must be tirst communicated to VtMi ill Pei*sonal Conference.

u\nd J enti-eat you would use all the Exi>edition possible, as I cannot speak to the Council of the Bix Xations till I know your Miod.

If you should encline to take with Yon one or two of Your best Friends it w ill be the more a^oeable.

Mr. Daniel Clause is well acquainted with the near <?st and best Road to this City, and has my Directions to accompany yon, furnish the neces8arlt*8, and rpake %?rery Thing as at,q*eeal>lc to You as posisible,

I am with jjerfoet Regard, Esteemed Chiefs' Your affectionate Brother,

ROBT. H. MORRIS. Philadelphia, 16 November, 1754.

lions

letter to Daniel Brodhead of Lower Smithfield, Northampton County, Concerning the Encroach- ments of the Connecticut People.

November 20, 1754.

SIR: Mr. Peters sent me by your Son your Letter to him of the 13th Instant, by which I am sorry to find that some of the People in Your County are weak Enough to be led away by the Idle tales of some designing Men from New England, and are Entering into Schemes not only destructive of the Peace and good order of the Province, but such as will in the end prove most materially hurtful to themselves. By

Papeis of the Governors.

Lfi>v8 of Enghmd iind of this Country No Man |at*iocver lias any Rit^^ht to tr*}at with the Indians Ito inirehase Umd from thein without a Lycenee first jtainM from I lie (iovernment in which such J^nd Is; and if auy nuvh purdiasc* hi* made it is not only Id as to tlie Purchas^^r but the Person making the li chaste is highly Criminal, and so are all those that }tend to hold Lands under it. I highly commend

for your Conduct in the present atTair, and recoui- |iid it to yon and the other Ma jt*fit rates to Act with

or in Discharge of the Trust Reposcnl in you, and

may A^ure yonrseives of the (Tovernment's Ix^st Isistance. I raust desire Yon will by Letter from lie to Time inform me of your transactions in this |w Kn^lund At^iiir, mid p"i iind t^i^nd u\\} what Tut"^^ nu\^ yrMi ran {(UjceTiMUt: ilu* Mrasm^'s tliry and Mr Adlicq;(^iHs arr jjuisiiin;:, thai llu^ t lOvi-ruTjU'iit Iv takr Stcjtfi 1(> jirvverU tlie Cmifii^^inns thui :n u{ tIii<-aU>n thr Publirk IV^ncr.

Robert Hunter Morris.

o43

H yon some other blatters from wheoce You may judge " of the Nature and Consenueuce of that Attempt* You will, therefore, please* to be informed that about tht? Year iCDO the Fndiaas then of the Five United Nations^ by Deed regularly executed, conveyed to Col, Thomas Imugun, Governor of New York^ a large Parcel of Land, great Part of which lay upon the River Sa^que- ha nab, and within the limits of thi» Province, and that CoL DuDgan afterwards by Det^d conveyed to I he late Proprietor William Penn all tho«e Lands lying upon the Waters of Hasiiuehannah within the Prov- ince afore^d. I would give you the particular dates of tbc^se Deeds, but am now at a distance from Phil- adelphia where they are, The^e Instruments have been fre(]uently producx^d to the now Hix United Na- tions of Indians and their Allies the Sasquehannaha, «ire recited in many of their subsequent Deeds and have been publicy acltnowledged, ratified, and con- firmed at several Treaties between them and this Gov- ernment; and tho' the Force and Effect of those Deeds has always been understood as well by the Indians as the English to vest in the Proprietors of Pennsyl- vania all the Lands upon the several Branches of Saa- quehannah, yet they the Proprietaries have upon many Occasions by Treaty solemnly engaged not to take Possession of those Lands or suffer them to be settled Without making the Indians a particular Satisfaction for such Parts of that Country as they should from 1*ime to Time agree to give up; and for that Reason all subsequent Deeds have been considered only as Confirmations, so far as they related to the Lands upon the Waters of Sasquehannah ; but as those Lands are but a Part of the Province of Pensilvania, the Six Xlnited Nations at a Treaty held in October, 1736, did Solemnly covenant and engage by Instrument, under •t^he Hands and Seals of the Chiefs of the respective Nations, to sell all the Lands within the Limits of

Paper? of tlie Governors.

|vlv;iuiii to the Propriehirit^ of tbi^ Pi-ovinee

110 utlier IVrsou wliatwouver, Thi» Instrument

[odueed to the ^x Xatioiis at tht* late General

lit Albany by thi'^ (.'omniissiont^rs from this Oov-

nt and proved by one of the Chiefs who was

[jietient and a Party thereto ; whereupon the Six

lis ill i'liblic Connril declared that the Signers

p Instrument were vvt^ll known to them to have

lie pHncnijal x\Ien and Chiefs of their several

IS, and they did then mjleniuly ratify that Agree-

imd by a Xew l>erd not only t^oii firmed the «ev-

|:ilt-s they liad then^tofore made to the Propri^^-

but voluntarily bound thenist-lves to sell no

|v ilhin the Limits of Pennsylvania to any Pei^son

K'Vt'r but to Hie Pi-opi ii^larirs (Hily.

^^ill i^nvi* nu^ ba\i' riirlluH- in ohsirvt^ lo Ynii

M" Six Nations al thc^siilrl lair Ctm^^ri^ss ai Al

|ti Mpt'ii t'ouaril nn'iiiiuut'd sin Appliraliou thi^n

\\iv\\\ b\ AlUJiIs fVfHll rninK^rtiitll fur tlir

Ro])crt lluiiicM* Morris. 345

ill a Town on tho»t» J^ands, as their Agent and Rep- resentative, and had sfiven him Orders to take <'are of them, and charged him not to snffer any Wliile People whatever to si-ttle them; And also desired tlie Government of Pennsylvania would consider him as their Agent, and upon his Application assist in re- moving any Persons that should take Possession of those I^nds. Upon this the Commissioners of Penn- sylvania, having shewed to the Indians that the Lands at Wyomink were near the Center of this Province, conceded to the Indian's ReqiK»st, and on Behalf of this Province engaged that those Lands should not he settled by any White People whatever. These si^v- eral matters having been transacted at the late Con- gress at Albany in the most open and solemn Manner, and known not only to the Commissioners from the several Governments but to 3Ir. Woodbridge, one of the Connecticut Agents employe<l to make the Pur- chase of the Indians, I can make no Doubt but they have been fully laid before You, and were publicly known in your Province. Notwith**tanding which, I am informed tliat Mr. John Lydius, who isi known to be a Roman Catholic and in the French Interest, lias been since employ<Hl by some People of your l^rov- ini-e to purchase from the Indians sonu* Lands within Hiis (lovernment; that he has in a clandestine manner ^v very unfair nutans prevailed on soiiu* few Indians, ^o whom he secretly applied, to sign a Deed for a con- *i<ierable Part of the Lands of this I*rovince, iuclnd- ^lig thof*e at Wyomink afor<*said; that a Number of your Peoj)le interestcnl in that ])r(»t ended Purchas(» Ucive bei»n in this Province, laid chum to those Lands ^^<1 offered them to sale, and thnt a gn^at Xninlx^r of ^l^i*ni are now i^reparing to leave your Province and *^at themselves ui>on those Lands.

You must be sensible. Sir. how much the Indians, ^*bo cannot i*esist the Tem]>tation of Strong I.icjuor,

346 Papers of the Governors.

are liable to be imi^sed on by such clandestine Pur- chases made without the Knowledge or Consent of any Government by Private Men for private Purposes; and hoAv frequently the Indians themselves at their INiblick Treaties have complained of this manner of surprising them into the Execution of Deeds, and it cannot be doubted but the Six Nations in their great i.^ouucil will esteem this pretended Purchase a fraudu- lent imposition upon some few of their People, and not in the least binding upon them, being contrary to their most solemn <ind repeated Engagements by Deedf* and Treaties to this Government.

I must further observe to You that since the French have taken Posesseion of the Lands upon the River Ohio the Indians of the Six Nations that resided there have removed to the Branches of Sasquehannah, to the Number of three hundred and upwards, and are now maintained at the Expence of this Province; and should those Indians be overpowore<l and drove from Ihonee the Six Nations may so hijjhly resent such a Treatment that it may occasion their total Defection at this Junctun*, when their Friendship rs of the p:reatest Importance to the English Interest.

The rroi)rietaiies and Government of Pennsjivania have ever tivated the Indians with the highest Jus- Hce, and have most religiously observed and fulfilled the several Tn^aties that liaAe been made with them; and those Treati<^ sufliciently shew the great Oare that has been taken to give them (when Assembled in Public Oouncil) a f'.ill and often a repeated Satisfac- tion for their Lands, and this is a Justice they have at all Times and upon all occasions acknowledged to have received from this Government; And as We stand engaged to the Six Nations by Treaty neither to settle the Lands at Wyomink nor suffer them to be settled, thif* Government thought it proper, after receiving the Tx^tters from Mr. Wolcot and yourself,

Robert Humer Morris* 347

til notif^y lo the said John Bhick Calamy and such of tilt* 81 X Nations as live npon the Basruiehanniih, that there was rc^ason to £i]>j)reheud some White People from jroUT Province would attempt to seat themselves there, 5Uh! at the same time to inform them that tliose People ^'ere not authorised or even countenanced by this f rovernment, and their attempts were disavowed by the Ooveniment of Connecticut, and were to bt* looked 111*00 as a lawless sett of People, acting of their own lltN'idft, and for whose Condnct no Oovertimeiit was nnswerable. I^pon this Notification they have ^igni- tii'd their Resulntloo first to kill the Catile of such A\iijte People as should attempt to Bettle that Coun- try, aod if after that they persisted in their Settle Tiieiit that thej would then treat them as Enemies and drstroy them alk

I am sure I need not observe to any one so w^ell ac- quainted with the Laws of England as I know You to be that the Soil and Government of this Province being legally vested in the present Proprietaries under the Royal Charter to the late William Penn, Esquire, no Person whatever has any Right to purchase Lands of the Indians within the Limits of that Charter with- out a Lycence first obtained from them or their Gov- ernor for that Purpose, nor that no Land» within the same can be held by Subjects of Britain but under their Title; the Steps, therefore, taken by the People of your Province appear to me to be not only a high Invasion of the Rights of Government, but to strike at the very Foundation of Property in Lands in this Country, and tends to introduce the greatest Disputes and Confusions among his Majesty's Subjects.

I shall be, therefore, very sorry if your People per- sist in the Prosecution of this their w^ld Scheme, as I am apprehensive it will bring on an Indian War in the Bowel» of this Province, and be attended with other very fatal Consequences at a Time when his

■

348 Papers of the Governors.

Majesty's Service and the Interest of the CSolonies require the strictest Union between the several Gov- ernments and a firm Friendship with the Indians in their Alliance.

This Subject has carried me to a greater Leni^ than I expected; but I could not avoid laying these several Matters before you, which when you have con- sidered I am persuaded You will see the Scheme of these rash People in the Light I do, and contribnte your endeavours to pre^'ent the Measures that seem at present to threaten the public Tranquility.

I am satisfied you do me the Justice to think that an attempt so detrimental to the Peace of the Prov- ince I have the Honour to preside over will meet with a like Opposition in my Power; and I believe Ton judge with me that a Sett of People who quit their own peaceable Habitations with a premeditated De^ sign to invade the Property and disturb the Quiet of their Neighbours are entitled to very little Clemency.

I have only to reciuest the Continuance of your good Offices in influencing the Peoi)Je of your Province to lay aside their rash Scheme and embrace the Offer of a legal Settlement made in Mr. Hamilton's Letter to Governor Wolcot, which 1 have Power and Inclina- tions to carry into Execution upon very reasonable Terms, to recommend the bearer, Mr. Armstrong, to your Notice, and to asure You that I am,

Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

To (Tovernor Fitch.

Robert Hunter Morris. 349

Speech to Certain Mohock Indians.

BRKTHKEN THE SIX NATIONB— \\> are mutually obliged by Treaties to give oai^h other Intelligence, and in Vertue of these Jjpaj^uefc?, and as a Testimony of the [>eculiar Confi- €ieiiw We i>iace in the Mohock Nation, We inform ^'on that His Majesty has remonstrated to the French ikiii^f the Injut^tice of the Eiicruadiments made by hm S^iibjfcts on the I^ands of our allies the Sis Nations, 41 nd that they havini^ put those Lands under His Xiritnnniek Majesty's Protection do insiHt on being £i^9ist«^d to drive all the French Intruders off, and his Majc^sty not having: obtained a satisfactory Answer £rom the French King wa« s^eutHug a large Army into _\merica to obtain it by his Arms in Conjunction with those of the Six Nations, in wliose Cause his Majesty interests himself warmly, and will, God blessing his l^ndeavoui-s, procure them ample Redress.

The Forces are now at Sea and may be expected every day. They will land in Virginia. You must bave been told that large Numbers of Warriors are making ready to the Eastward. One General Officer from England will command all the Armies, and a Plan of OperatioDS will when he arrives be concerted and concluded. Brethren :

We are sensible much of our Success will depend on the Concurrence of the Six Nations, and We shall be asked many Questions by the General concerning their Dispositions and the Numbers that will join Us or the French. I desire, therefore, that You will speak free- ly to me on this Subject — have no Reserve, but open all your Heart and let me know the real Sentiments, Purposes, and Inclinations of the Six Nations —

350 Papers of the Governors,

whether they are for or against Ub. Do not conceal the Truth. Let ns know the State of their Minds. January 15th, 1755.

Second Speech to Certain Mohock Indians.

BRETHBEN: We are heartily sorry to hear yon complain against the neighbouring Qovemment of New York, and wish it was in our Power to give Yon the Kedi^ess You so earnestly solicit for, but Yon mnst bo Hensible that all the King's Governments are npan an equal Footiug, and independent on one another, and therefore no more can be done than in a friendly Way to lay before the Government of New York what You alledge against it, and to use my best offices that You may speedily receive Batisfaction for the several Injuries done You, and all other Matters be put upon a right Foot. If this be not regarded, tho' I hope it will, I shall then consult with your good Friend Ck)l. Jolinson what can be further done to serve You. This I can assure You that his Majesty will not snflFer any of his Subjects to hurt you with Impunity, and if any lujury has been done You and he be made acquainted with it he will order You ample satisfaction. January 20th, 1755.

1 .etter to Colonel William Johnson upon Indian Mat- ters and the Impending Hostilities with the French.

Philadelphia, 23d January, 1755.

SIR: I am favoured with Yours by Hendrick, and heartily thank you for the part you have been so good as to take in the (Connecticut affair. Hendrick has been very explicit upon the Subject and .1 have

"Robert hunter Morris. 351

center tamed him tuid bis Companions in tiie t>est man- Her I could, and J li^ljeve to their own 'Satisfaction,

You will give me leave to refer yon to a Letter you Trill I'ecelve mth this from Mr, Peters, for the particu* Jiiis that have passcMi hei*e and for the Plan that we }iave agreed to pursue to put an end to this AiTair, In whieh 1 hofje fur the Continuance of your friendly Of- tices. You will observe we propose that the iSix Na- tions i4hou1d be invited to send Deputy's to your House enriy in ilie Kprfng, with fuU Powers to treat and agi>ee npon Matters relative to this Purchase of Lydius, and to prevent the like for the future, where 1 shall »end Commissioners to meet them^ and it will give me particular pleasure if you will permit me to name you in that Commission*

These Indians Complain of ill Usage from the Peo- ple of All^nny mi nvi'*l nf tlif'ir T.ands, and tell nie That a very Large Trade is carried on between Albany and Canada by means of the French Indians, who for that Purpose are Constantly at Albany, and .that the French by that Means are furnished with whatever (loods they want either for their Trade or their Troops.

Such a Trade must be very i)rejudicial to the Eng- lish Interest at all times, and more especially so at this Time, and ought to be prevented, but whether these Mohocks out of resentment to the People of Albany do not represent this Matter in too strong a Ijght you who have frequent Opportunities of observ- ing can best tell.

His Majesty npon being informed of the Steps taken by the French upon this Continent, has ordered two Regiments to be sent from Ireland and two more to Yye raised in America, for the Defence of hus Subjects here, and I am in hourly expectation of hearing of the Arrival of the Irish Regiments at Virginia who to-

Papers ni the Governors!

fthiU' with the Amt^rU^an Ki^pmi'iiiw iire to be under e CoTiLiTiHtid bt Major tleTienjl Ur^iildcji k. who I hear to Iiuvo the Uovt^riiimait nf New York, but thiit lajit eee of iK^WSi I belit^ve it iiul iiiiirh to In* depeudt^d u These PrepinaLiouft* mtt*m in i Kir tend a Wnv be- f<*eti us and Fnuiei:\ tht^ Heal of whirh will lie Ch telly Ainerita, and I roiild wjnh the Kn^liHh ('Vdonya oil Id jirepiire theiiiBelvt^ for i^iieli iiti Kveiitt but you ill ^T b}' the Papers that have jmsw<ed belwtK*ti me kd tht* AwHMably that thiH t'ohmy \n pai^tleiilar tho* OHt ront^enied are remiJved to do not hi u^, 1 heartily mil ytiu a eonliDuaiiee of Health, uiid uiii, Dtnir Hir, Yroir aiost tdredieiit huirdih^ Hervniit,

mulT. it. MORIUH-

etter to the Guvernor of Virginia W itli Regard to Furnishing Supplies for the Forces at WilTs

Robert Hunter Morris. 353

Ppoprfetary Inatriictimjs, aiul have bceu indmi^reet (►ntiiii^h to dt*claro tturli InstnitMions destriirtive of ihv LihiM'tifs af the Penjilo niid iufniftioiis of thdr Cliarter, tho' ^iven to tlif iio\t*rnor aud intended to he binding upon Wm alone. I would feign have per- s'liadf.'d them that it was an improper Time to enter upon the Consideration of an Affair about which We con Id m?ver agree, and from Time to Time entreated J hem to consider the danf^er they were in, and make the nert^sarv Provision, But neither the Enrrwieh- ments of the French, tlie Enerease of their Numbers, tlu? defeneelessi Htate of the Province, nor bitt Ma- jesty's* IVuiiniands, h«d any KtTet^t upon tbent, for on the Tenth of January tliey adjourned tbemtselvest witli- <jut doing any Thing to tbe Purpose*

Indeed they did by a Ii4:*»olve of their floiiBe with- cmt my Knowlodi^e or Consent t^m power a (*omniltt<^' to borrow Five Thousand Pounds upon the Credit of the House, and to dispose of it as they thought fit to some of the Uses mentioned in Sir Thomas Robinson's Letter of the Twenty-Sixth of October. To this Com- mittee I have applied, but do not expect they will lay out any part of that Money to purchase Provisions to be sent to Wills' Creek, or indeed to any good Pur- pose.

I consulted Mr. Allen upon the Subject of your ratter, and as he had one from You upon the same head I desired he would give You his Thoughts as to the best Method of sending Provisions to Wills' Creek. He has wrote to a Friend of his in one of the Back Counties to know w'hat Quantity, in what Time, and upon wh*at Terms can be furnished from thence, but thinks with me that no certain Supply can be had but from this Town, and if it can be conveyed up Pa- towmack by Water it might come cheai>er than any other Way; but as he writes to You himself upon ^he

23— Vol. II— 4th Ser. •

	Papers of the Governors. Ht, You will give me Lenve to refer You to hie 1% auii wbateviT Ak^hod You think beet s^haU be Hi into Execution. \"ou will thereupon furnish ith such X>irectiougi and IMHs of Exchange as Y'ou think necessary, and with the Help of Mr. Allen Thing sball be done for the public Service that hia ]'ow**r, or that of, Hir, ^vour most obedient humble Servantj KOHT. H. MORRIS. •
^r to tlie Governor of Virgfinia further referring tlie Furnishing of Supplies by the Province. I winfi" \\\n on the Fun lUi Inst^inl hv a Vetas^l Mind iuld uuv nf ymv Kivt-r^. hni wf; shu nin.v \i*^ \]\ui* an hi'v l*ass;ijrp 1 riow si'nd Y<ni n Dujili

Kobert Iluiuer Morris,

355

etter to the Governor of Virginia Announcing his Final Success in Prevailing upon the Committee of the Assembly to Provide a Quantity of Flower for the Troops, Etc, ,

Sin: I am honoured with Yours by H|r John St. Clair's

Exj»ress,aDd have at la^t prevaird on tlie Committi^r wlio have power from our ITouse of Assembly to bor* row and dispose of HOOO Pounds this CuiTiMicy, to Provide a quantity of Flower for the use of the Troops^ jmd will ohserve hy the inclosed minute that they have agreed to df liver tlie Flower of 14,000 Bushels of \VlR*at at the Mouth of Couegochege, immediately npon your notif,ving the Arrival of the Troops. This will somewhat excee<l the Quantity of Flower Yon mentioned J and I hope will answer tht^ End pro posted.

I wi»h it was as much in my Power as it is in my Inclinations to promote the Success of this Expedition, l>ut you are sensible what a Sett of People 1 have to de^al with, who think self-defence a Crime, and Instead cif advancing the Public Service do what they can to obstruct it, tho' they must be the most Considerable Oainers by the Removal of the French from their Frontiers.

I have by this Messenger i?»ent Sir John St. Clair the l)e8t Maps and Accounts I can Procure of the back Country and shall continue my Enquirys upon that Head, and collect every Material that can be usefull npon the present Occasion.

Governor Shirley has had two hundred Recruit from this Place, and I hear his Regiment is now com- plete, and that Sir William Pepperill is in great For- wardness.

I wrote you in ansT^er to yours of the 14th IJlto. by the same Conveyance that Mr. Allen wrote, and sent a Duplicate of it by Mr. Woolsingham, and hope you

Papers of the Governors.

live iou^ since rect^ved tJit-m liotlj, I hope Boon to (nir of the Arrival of tlie Troops, and am with great Inspect,

Sir, jour most obcdifnt humble Serrant,

ROB. H. MOKRIS, iPhiladeliihia, 2Gtli February, 1755*

^tter to Sir John St. Clair, Deputy Quartermaster I General of the Provincial Troops, with regard to I Certain Supplies and Topograpliieal Information.

Philadelphia, February lOthj 1T55,

1 \v;is hn-(nn'i*d wilh ^"imrs af Wu* FuurhM-iitli

rihi.bv t 'ill. |vlJis4it!, \> itll T^vo Li'ttrrs fioiii f h** Si i*-

|larv Mf ShUf. nnd sliiili linvc n f>;nfiriilju- IMi^usiirr

:MTfH(ltii*: \*iM ihv }}vi*\ AssistJiinr on all rV'c iisions,

Robert Hunter Morris. 357

vailed upon to Jay it aaido or to give Money upon any Terms hilt sueb as were directly roiitrary to hie Ma jesty's Instnietions and iiR'onsi»teiit with their own Dependanee upon the Crown,

1 have ordi^red Hie best Maps I cao [jrotui-e of tbe back Count rj to he copied for YoUj and »hall weud tbem by the first Opportunity, with Bucb Notes us may enable You to understand them, but am nnicti afraid Uiey are not very exact, as our only Aeeounts of that Conntry are from Indian Traders, who are generally an ignorantj stupid People,

I could e<i«ily have had a Number of Men in readi- ness to augment the two Regiments from Ireland if my AsBenibly would have come into reasonable Meas- ures, hut for want of Money I have not been able to carry the King*s Commands in that particular into execution.

>>hould his Majesty's Service or your own Inclina- tions call You to this Part of the Continent I shall be proud of making this Place agreeable to Y^'ou, and am, Sir, Y^'our most obedient and most humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Letter to the Deputy Quartermaster General of the Forces With Regard to Roads and Supplies.

Philadelphia, 28th February, 1755.

SIR: On the Tenth Instant I had the Honour to write You in Answer to Your's of the Fourteenth Ulto. ?ind by Capt. Rutherford sent You the best Map of this T^rovince I could then procure, which I ho[)e you have received. I hav(» since with some Difficulty prevailed on a Man in this Tow^n, one Evans, to furnish me with a Map of the back Country from the Materials he has

.^58

Papers of the Governors.

in his HandS; and Yoa will receive it with this, i from the be*^t Information I oim get and in the Jud meut of tiiose here most actjuainted with tliat Co try it is more to be depended on than any other.

Thi 10 is an open \^'aggOD Boad from this Town ihe Mouth of Contgochegt^ which I am told is a v good one^ by whioh any Quantity of Provisions n be eaiTied and along whir/ii tlie Xoi-tliem Forees n ijifiroli and join the Eurojjt'aut^ ai Winchester w only erossini? three small Ferries, but there is Waggon Road from Carlisle AVest through th*^ Mo fains but only a Horse Path, by which the Indian 1 iWvs used to carry their Goods aud Skins to and fr the Ohio while that Trade remained dpen- I Sf Yon ht■['r^^i1ll a Map iif llial i*;illj fi'oiii rurlisl*: to SUanop[an'M Town, wliere the French Furt now star by which yon will wee I In- j;ii'at Dillh uiiy ili:il \ atti^nd the Ti^aluiig a \A']i^^^ou Hnad lliat ^^ :iy.

Robert Hunter Morris. 359

Murvb to the Ohio; they hare Xumb€*rs of Indian** in thtfir Interest; they will with their aid endeavour to harasiJ our Troops in tiieir Way thro' the Woods.

You mil obnerve that the tarrying Place near the Fallfi of Niagara, where* the Ijq^er Lakes all empty thrfinselves into that of Ontario, and where the French tiiivea small Fort, is the only Communication between Oanada and the new Settlements upon Ohio and the Lakes, and if we can make ourselves Masters of that Pasn all their Southern Forts must submit, as thej can in thnt cas€* have no ^tipply either of Men or Pro- risions on the Lake Ontario. Kot very far from King ara We have a Fort called Os^wego mounted with ftmall Cannon and garrisoned by the Xew York Cool- panies, to which there is an open Road from a very fine Provision Conntry upon the Mohock's River that •empties itself into Hudson's River a little above Al- bany in the Province of New York; General Braddock A^ill consider whether a Part of the New England Hegiments with the two New York Companies may not* be well employed in reducing that Fort, which I fim informed is not a strong one ; any quantity of Pro- visions may be laid in at Oswego, and Cannon may \ye carried by Water from thence to Niagara, which ^ill greatly facilitate the Reduction of that Fort; and the gaining that Pass will not only cut off the Com- munication between the old and new French Settle- m'ts but would oblige the whole Six Nations of In- dians and their allies who are at present mostly in the French Interest immediately to declare for Us. I thought it my Duty to hint this Measure to you that General Braddock might consider it.

Governor Rhirley's Son has sent upwards of Two Hundred Recruits from hence for his Father's Regi- ment, and I expect an Oflficer from Sir William Pep- perell to raise Men here; and if any of those Troops are to be employed to the Westward would it not be

J

Papers of the Governors. Ighl to hiuikn- the BrmdiiJi^ any more of thcmi to

lo^tOD.

I send yon a plan of the French Fort at Crown Pomt,

lid a Mnp of tht* Lake* and Country about it.

1 A <'oHiinittt:^e of tmr Aft*«<*nihly bave at^roed to |nir-

IvdiH' Fonrteeii Thousand BoE^ht^lH of Wheat, which m

he made into Flower and delivered at tlie Moiitli of

snegodiege iix>on Xoti<*e of thc^ Arrival of tlie Troops,

id Mr. Walker i^ gone to th<* Tart where it i^ to be

lught and manufactured to give the neeeBsary orders

|)OUt It.

I am, Hir, Your motit humble Servant,

ROBERT H. MORRIS,

r<ler for tlic Snrvc}' i>f u I^lckI fin in Shi]>j>oiisbur^ U) liitcrcejJt the Kna^l uf llic Army frnni Wills" Jreek to F<3rt l)uMiie:>ne.

• Robert Hunter Morris. 361

!TieOO{)B as for the Carnage of ProvisioE»; and it hiiF- Ing been represt^uU^d to lup tb%i a |?"od Wjij^oii RiJud iTiiiy be Dpi'oed from Uie (irtmt Hoad )radiii;;j^ thro* <\irli»k* and Blii}JiK*n!?b(ir^ to the Yolno^ain afori^Baid 41 nd to the Camp at WiIIh' Crtn^k. JVf^if* Knnw ]V, That HejK)Hing Hpc^chil Trust and Confidc^nre in jour *hidgmeut, VigiJeace, and Integrity, I have with the lidvite of the Council of this Province noininati*<]» an- thorized, and apjiointid, ami bv these Presents do nom iiiate, authorise and appoint You the said George Grog- liau,pJohn ArnjBtrong, JameB Bird^ William Buclianjiau^ and Adam lloopt?, Eacli and Evt-ry of You to recon- noitre, explore, and view the Country West and North of the Kittoclitiuny or Blue Hills, and i\t tlie iJreat Virgj!na Road leading from Harris' Ferry; and when ^'ou Hhnll have carefully and dilij^eiitly examined all the Marshes, Swamps, Rivers, Creeks, and Waters, together with the Passes in the several Ranges of Hills with which that Country abounds, Y'ou are care- fully and as secretly as may be to survey and lay out such Roads as You shall judge most direct and com- modious to answer the Purposes aforesaid, and with all possible Expedition to report to me your Proceedings in the Premises, with fair Draughts of the Courses and Distances of such Roads, and your observations where it may be necessary to throw up or make Causeways and Bridges, if any shall be wanted, and such other Remarks as you shall judge proper to make thereon Together with an account of your charges of executing this Commission and a fair Estimate of the Charge and Expence of opening and clearing such Roads and making Causeways and Bridges, if any shall be neces- sary, according to the best of your Skill and Judgment. <iive»n under my Hand and Seal-at-Arms at Philadel- phia the Twelfth Day of March, in \\w Twenty-Eighth

Papers of the Governors, *

i^ar of luR Majesty's Eeign, and in the Year of our id One Thou^iaud Sfven Hundred and ^^fty-Five.

ROOT, H. MORRIS.

[arrant for Embargo laid upon Supplies For French Ports.

THE HOXf^ fJRA BL E R (^BKR T H IJN-

fmr tiJtd Cfmtmtfuder-iu'Cliyif of the Pro}}inct iff PtunAyh^Qntu mtd Ooimtim of

Abraham Tayloi\ E'f*f/nire^ VoUeettrr of J/ftf Mojm- tty'i^ Omtmns^ atid T/iomoft Graeme^ Em^um\ Naml yitficer f'n and fur f/t^ Port of Philadelphia/ 1 1 Us Mujes tie's Service requiring that an immediate \ii]i \iv ]mH ti) Hie i^upplvni*^ of tlie Freiirh with Pro- ^imis, AiiiHiuiiitiuii, uv ntljri- \V.H'HUi^ Stnres, I do, |th tin- Advice *>f t'lMHiciU htiehy ord<»r Ydii not T*i wv iiiiv \ rssel ladi'ti willi or Uj|\'in^ an Itojnd Pro oris of ;i[iv Surt, AninniiiiMoii, or dllu^r >Vjirlikr

Robert Hunter Morris, 363

Bad Seab of the principal Oilicei-B of his Majeiitie^B f^iistoms at such BntisJi Fort or PlaBtation, or undt't llit*llai]d of tbe British CodhuI, ui* in such Placid when* there i» no British ('ou»ul under the Hands of Two Of more of the Pnncipjil Merchants Kesidcnt at such otluT Place or Port where the said Provisions, Am imiuition, or othc^r Warlitte i^tores may be landed as iifottii^aid, respectively signifying that tht* same werif uptually landed or put on shore at such respective !-f*rL or Place, And upon the producing such Cei- tifinite within the Time before limited the Naval Of Hrer 1% ordered to cancel such Bond so given as befon:* i>« directed. Given under my hand and Sea lat -Arms at Philadelphia this Tenth Day of March, in the Year of Our I^rd one Thousand Seven Hundred and Fifty- Ave, and in the Twenty-eighth Year of his Majestje'a Reign.

ROBT. H. MORRIS. % Ilis Honour's Command. Richard Peters, Sec'y.

To the Assembly concerning the Preparations for Hostile Action.

GENTLEMEN: I have the Pleasure to anjnaint Y'ou that Major

General Braddock, who is appointed by his Ma- jesty to command the Forces employed in North Amer- ica, is arrived in Virginia, and as the Season for Action is approaching I thought it necessary to sum- mon You together that any Thing the General had to propose might be considered without Delay, and that ^^^ Men, Provisions, and Money expected by his Ma- jesty from this Province towards carrying into Execu- ^»on the Measures concerted for the General Service of America might be provided in Time.

Sir John St. Clair, Quarter-Master-General of his

364

Papers of the Governors.

Majesty's Forces in Ameriea, has represented to me fhe Necess^itj of having Roadf4 opt^-ned from the in- hiHjitcd Parts of this I'rovinue Westward toward?^ the bbio, not only for the March of Troops but to facili- |l:ite the Supply of Provisions* to such Forces as may he

■niployed on tiie BVontiei-w of this or the neighbouring Uovernments, J have, therefore^ issued a Commis- =^ioij to a Number of Men arquaiuted with that Coun- Iry to reeounoitre and examine the s^ame and to mark put wher^ such Roads may most conveniently be made, Inid to make Report to me of thoir Proceedings, with lin estimate of the Expences that will attend the Open- ing and Clearing them, and I recommend it to You to

I [a lie a suitable Provision for this necessary Bervice, U is ^iaid the iargr Sii[>]ily of l^ruvi.'^jnns that tLe n^iuli h.'ive nn'rivt'd fn)iii (hrsi* rtjlunies has enablerl Ihi^m {^i sTi]»]MJrt ili(.^ FfiiTt^s eiJiploycd in biiihlinjL: Foit^ his Muji^slii^'s Torrilorit's. and i\]ll niahh? tht'ui

Robert Hunter Morris. 365

Oeneinl Hraddock hv his Letter of liie Tweoty- ^iglitb of last Montli, wliifh will be hiitl before You, ^^^irek me to establish a I*Of^t bet\\^een l^LrUidelphia *ind Winchester for the forwarding his Dispatches; tlijs he thinks may be of great Im[>ortauee desiring tlt*^ Openitioni* of the Caaii>itign, and you will be plmst^d to empower me to rouiijly with his Request*

His Majesty liaving by one of his jiHiicipal Secre- taries of State reeonniieiided it to the seveml Trov- j|iiH*s to i^'gtabli^b a ronuuon Fund fftr the Keuefli of M the Colonies collectively, Genera 1 Brad dock nnw dt^fiires that tho Quotas of the several Provinc(*s* to- ivards that t'ommon Fund may be lodged in the Hands nf a Treasurer, who may have orders to answer Ids Ueniand?i; ns thi^i is intfiifh^d to exjR'dite BiisiiH^^s^, and the General i& perfectly disinterested, and declares himself willing to give an account of his Disbui-se- luents, I hoi>e you will put it in my power to return a satisfactory lAnswer to his Letter in that Particular.

1 heartily recommend to You Vigor, Unanimity, and Dispatch in the Matters that You will have under your Consideration, that the happy Opportunity the Colo- nies now have by means of his Majestie's paternal Care and generous Assistance of securing themselves for ever against the Attempts of the French may not be lost.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

To the Assembly Objecting to the Publication by the House of the Governor's Correspondence.

GENTLEMEN: 1 observe by the printed Minutes of your Pro- ceedings that You have inserted at large Sir Thomas Robinson's Letters to me of Jul v the Fiftti and

Papers of the Governors. ber the Twenty -Sixth last, Mlthout my Knowled ^^ onsent. iL* KiDg's Commands signified by ii tM?civt'aiy <^^ .* may be very proper for the Cousi deration of t tw? rent I'arts of the Legislature, but are not alwa^'» ^ communicated to the Public. 1 think it tliere^- necessary, Gentlemen, to caution You agaiii^*^ like Practice for the future, and expect that m^ IS or Papers* communicated by nie t^halJ be print ithout my previous Approbation; and as it maj f Dangeroiiii ConsequenceB to pnbiish those I^t* I det>tre a Stop may be put to the Publication lat part of ^onr Minutes which contains them. have Li^ tiers and otliei' Papers thnl rc!ate tii Ijiis ■stv's .^erwic wliirli 1 woifd willingly (Hmtiiutii In Vuii, hnt 1 iht mil Ihiuk il safe? In da il lill I inojker A>^?^urniHi^ froiu Vuii dial ilio ToTHi^nts H'lii shall rt main seiict.

Robert Hunter ^orris, 367

H>epinR of Yoar Proc<?eilin|*B thos a Seer*!t r take to be a very uncons^titntionnl and c*x* "•fiordinarj M^isurt*, liable to a Constiuction that I <Ja not chuse at present to pat upon it, but only to sicqiiamt You that I expoet Vou will order your Clerk to nttead me every Night with the Sliiiutes of the Day, that I may know what is done and doing in your >Iout4ts nnd be able in Time to lay the &ame before Id^ ^lajesty and his Ministers, who expt*ct to Ijc* regu- larly informed of the Measures taking? by the Lt^gis- Isitures of the ColonieB.

KOBT. H. MORRIB. March 18, 1755*

Letter to Messrs. Frankh'n & Hall Forbidding the Publication of Certain Letters to the Governor in the Minutes of the Assembly.

Wednesday, March 19, 1755, Four o'Cloek P. M.

GENTLEMEN: Observing by the Minutes of the Assembly which you sent me that two Letters from Sir Thomas Robinson, one of his Maje^-ty's Principal Secretai^s of State, to me, the one of July 5 and the other, of ik'tober 26, 1754, are there I*rinted at Large, and as no Person or Body in this Province has any right to make publick his Majesty's Comands to me signified by a Secretary of State Further than I shall think proper, and as I conceive it may be very prejudicial to his Majesty's Service to Publish those letters, I do, there- fore, jotify the same to you, and do hereby forbid you to publish the same. I am, Gentlemen, Your most humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Papers of the Governors.

tlie Assembly concerning the building of a Fan at Crown Point. '

EXTLEMEN: Governor Hhirley, for Bocurin^ the Coluniet!

uj^ainsit the future Encroachment*? of the Freiidu Iviiig amoiij^ olhet- Meaaures formed a Desigu to |ild a Foii: near Crown I^oinl, within the Linilte of

Miijestie's Territom*8, and his Council and Assem- [\- having chearfiitly concurred with hiuj in the Thing,

ha» sent Couimi^sioners to tlns^ and other Uovern- ^at« to sol licit them to join in the Undertaking, and

le time ago wrote uil^ fully upon the Head, iMf. Quinej, one of the Commissioners sent to this Irniuce, ii* arrived, and has made applicntiun to me, Ld 1 Ufiw Sfucl You a (^)j»y of ilis Ix'ller, i\s alsn of l)Vf[ [lor WhiiJi'v's M<*ssugi' to his CtKiUtMl uud As>T^m- iv, {\u-iv Ilesoiiitionfi ujioii il. jinil of liin hvtu^r lo

iilMUi I his Lind other AlTairs: Aiul vou will s(*r hy

Robert Hunter Morris.

369

To the Assembty Concerning the Necessily of Sup- plies in Connection with the Military Operations,

GKXTLKMEN: lly Kxpres«* frcmi ^laryhmd I hsivp an Arrnnut nt the siif^^Arrival uf the Tmnisimrt*^ m Virghn'a with the Troops and Train of Artillei-y di/atined for Anieri- can 8**1- viee, upon wbit-h I heartily i-onj^^ratahite Vtm,

His Maj^^tie's t'are and AtTiH-tioD for liis 8u!>jefts ill America has induced him to i^end this larj^e and SM*asonal>lf^ Assisttance for tbc^ Recovery of thow^ INis- H^^RKiouB that the Frendi, eoatrarv to the Faith of Treaties, have seiznl; and We shall be (greatly want- in*^ in ihU'^vUi*^ if We nrj^lert to iiiaUe r\^* nf ih\^ Op- |Kir1 unity to frustrate the Attempts of tliat {verttdioiiN People, •

To render efteetual the Measures taken by his Ma- jesty and our Mother Country u]>on this Occasion, it is exi>ected that the Colonies shall raise an additional Number of Men to join those his Majesty has sent upon this Service, and that they should furnish Provisions and all Necessaries to the Forces employed for their Prot€*ction, as You will see by a Letter from the Earl of Halifax and another from General Braddock to me which will be laid before You, And this is so reason- able in itself that I cannot doubt of its being readily complied with by all the Provinces in Proportion to their Abilities; and I hope that as Pennsylvania is the most interested in the Event of this Expedition, You will exert Yourselves as becomes the Representa- tives of a People actually invaded and having their All depending upon the Success of the present Enter- prize.

I earnestly beseech You, Gentlemen, well to con- sider what may be the Conset]uence of your now re- fusing to grant the necessary Supplies, as We may

24— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

assured his Majestv will not condesix^nd repeatedly

recommend to Yon in vain the making Provision for

r own Defence, but wiU doubtless upon your Re

il bf^ enabled by liis Parliament to oblige those

5 reap the immediate Benefit of sueh a ctiargeble

:>teetion to contribute their Proportion of it, and

Iby a Disappointment in th(* Ailieles expected to

I supplied by Yon the great Expence that the Nation

been put to for the Security of these valuable

Imchen of the British Empire should be rendered

[iv:ulabh% You oanuDt but think You will justly

|i\v ujKm You ihe Resent uH*nt of his Majosity and a

ptiHli Pariiameut.

KOKT, H. MfmRIK, -

|ttt r t(f the i KAoriHir

r

Imitation In I mtc m au

nf MassricliT;>cUs t iiiKcrniii'; h,nteri>nzc to Prevent

Robert Hunter Morris* 2,,

to sink it by a Tax in Five* YearSj but eveo be de^iniini of Bucc(?s8 and thinks tbej will only offer uio a Bill of *lhe same Naturo af that I refused to pa^ the last Sessions*

Capt. Morris has been and still is in the Back Parts of this Province, whi^re \ hear he liai* tolerable Suc^ cess; be has raised in York and Jersey about Bixty Uen, Fifty of which I am told are embarked from thence for Boston^ ^nd his Friends there are listing mon?j and he has in this Town almut Fifty rtnidy for diippitig and will go on till he has your Orders to pfop.

Cleneral Braddock writeti me that he has sc^nt to You to mef*t hlni at Auiuijiotl^^ nrid lir* haw invUed Mi\ lJ<^Ianf^ej and niysH^lf to lie UierOj where lie tells uie We fihnll meet Mr. niuwlddie, Mr. Bhar[>e, and Com- modore Keppel. I wish he had appointed the Con- I^TOHs at this Place, as it is more central and conve- nient; however, I shall have the Pleasure of enter- taining You here in your Way to and from the Con- gress, and I hope You will give me the earliest Notice of your Motions that I may give the necessary Orders and be prepared to accompany You to the Southward. I am,

Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Letters to General Braddock Concerning the Military Operations against the French and Indians.

Philadelphia, March 12, 1755.

IR:

yj I was honoured with yours of the Twenty-Eighth of February last by Express, who came here on the Ninth Instant at Night, and' I immediately by a fre«h hand sent forward the Letters to the Northern Governments, and wrote to Mr. Delancey to do \\\e

Papers of tlie Governors.

liJKS and You may depend on my sending BInrley «

|l k*rs by Expn'sw to Yon a» 8<ion hb tbej come. Il [u.^urtily i'r»iij;'!"atijlate You and tbm Coatiu**ut on lur Appointment to the Coramaud of his Majeatie's jutfs and safe Arrival among Us— Events that ninnt |ve I'leaKore to all that have any Kej^ard for the

}nf>ur or Interest of Britain or the i*afety of these Monie^i.

JTlie Cunduct of the AsMfmblies a]Kui the Coatinent pnost without Exception has been so very absiiird lilt they have t^iiTTered the French to tuki* I let possession of tlie most advantageous liaces, It only to answer the Purpoiies of a very jtrasivt* Indinii Tnide, Imt tn enable them to iMirci III! ir (iwFi Svliliniuiits ami aiinnv mmis;

h are llu'ir F(Htsa( Niaji^iira. rrnwii ruiuK ami (ih^ |vrrrU oiii*s iijiuij Lakr Va'u\ iIk* \l\\^\■ Ohio, unti if^^

Minhes. ll is iio\> alfout Four ^'r;irs siiicr ilo* In-

h

Robert Hunter Morris. ^y;^

**^ llii» Provinet^ upwanl of Three IlimdretT Thousand

**Xliabitantfl; that We are blosBt^d with a rieli mh) and

**^miH:Tate Clioiate, and besides our own Consuinp-

* i^Lin viim^ Provisfous euoiigh to i^upply au Aruiy of

'-^fcie Hundred Thouisiiud Meo^ which is yearly exiKjrted

■ **ciiu ihiB City, and with other Com!nuditie«i employs

^ liwurds of tiv<* huudred Vef*selH, moslly owned by the

^lerfhautK of this Town* From u Proviut^e tsi* rir-

^Miijs^taneed what Jiiii^ht uut reasonably have been

^^^jieeted^ e#peeially a 8 We jin- h(irth<*nt*d with no

T^«ixt5S and are not only out of I>el>t, but liav(* a Hevt-^-

*ilie of Seven Thousand a Yeai- and Fifteen Thoufiand

5*«Miiids in Hank, all at tlie Dt^iMJsal of the Honse of

-Vi*Heiubly, And yet when their AH is invadcKl the?

***:?fii»e to contribute to the neeessary Defence of their

Clou nt IT. either by establish inj^ a >filitia or fnrnish-

iiit^ Mt^n. !\ron<*y nr !*r(^visions. Tin- jrianniT iu whidi

I have laboured these Points with my As.sembly you

^vill see by my several Messages to them, which I sent

to Cxovernor Dinwiddle, and to whieh I beg Leave to

V>e referred.

The Trade that has been earned on from these Colo- iiie» with the French at CajM? Breton has c*ertainly i^nabled them to support an Army on the back of Us Miiich they could not otherwise have done, and if that ^^upply be effectually cut off it must distress them in Time; but at pi-esent their Magazines are so full that they will not feel it, for I have been well informed tliat in the month of May last upward of Forty Eng- lish Vessels were seen in the Harbour of Lonisburg iit one Time; this Trade was chiefly carried oh from >^ew York, Rhode Island, and Boston; the two last Places, indeed, had their Flower for that Puri)ose from hence which was sent first to those Parts, but the People here were no otherwise concerned in that Supply; however, agreeable to your Request I have made an Order that every Vessel carrying Provision*^

Papers of the Governors.

Warlike Stores from hence should give Bond to Id the imme m some Fart of the King-s Dominions pn the Dominion*; of Home Prim-e or Ktate in Amity hi his Majest)- other than the Frenc-h King^ Copy I which 1 &*eud You herewith and also to Comrao- |e Kepple, to whom J aliso send a Copy of the Cer- rate of Clearance that I have ordered to be given to [ry Vessel out of this Tort tliat shall give bond jPurauan*^- to my Order, and any Vessel that does produce such a Certificate may be justly suspected |intendinf^ to supply the French.

had the l*lea!i^urc of receiving an Aceount of your

rival gome days before your Express came hither,

iniuifHliately somniOTHHl th(^ ARMembly of this Prov^

^ \\}{ii iWv {<} IIH'<*1 on .\Inii(i:(\ iirxt (lli^ Srv I'llI 'M'II til

Ihnil, wlini 1 siiall j^n^ss iiimjii tlK-iii (li<Mhnu^ every

fi\li tliat is pro|M'r n|Hiii the ]ires*»ii1 r)<^(*usioii in

h 1 jin»iniw'." iiiyjirlf inorr Siirt'i*?*s rrc^iK your Lciirr

Robert Hunter Morris. 375

ber be tiEBengJiged to raise, but will soon fill Shirley** Itegiiiietit tbu* it should reiiuire a much greater Num- ber,

With this I have the Honour to send Yon a Letter from Governor Hhirley to me of the Twenty fifth UHo, with a Message from him to his As^i^Dibly and their Il4'.Ko]utiou^ upon it, which together contain the Plan he had laid out for the Op€rattons of this Bunimer,

The Bcheme is very extensive^ and to ex^coti? it IM'operly in all its Fnrts will retiuire a great Number of Men — more 1 am afmid than can be raised and prop- erly equipped in Time, tho* I am told the Two Thou- sand Men for the Eastern Service are already raised; and 1 must do the New England Oovernoients the Justice to say that they are very active upon mich occasions^ and if you should approve the Plan and n^tiohe t^i liiiild a Fort ih^im t'Kiwif T*fiiiit. 1 make no doubt they would do their Part. But I do not think that the Governments of New York, New Jersey, or Pennsylvania can be prevailed upon to do theirs. The Assemblys of the two last are under the Influence of Quaker Councils, from whom nothing good is to be expected; and as to New York, the Albany Members, who have a very gi'eat Influence in their Legislature, are concerned in a very pernicious but profitable Trade that is carried on between Albany and Crown Point, and it is to be feared that they would rather see the former in the Hands of the French than contribute to annoying the latter. By that Trade the French are Furnished with the most material Articles of their In- dian Trade, and are thereby enabled fully to supply them, which they could not otherwise do. And within these few^ Months great Quantities of Gunpowder have been bought up in this Town and New York, and I am told sent from Albany to Crown Point, there l)eing only Twelve Miles Land Carriage between them, which you will see marked by a prickt Line from the

Papers of the Governors.

lead of Lake Bt Sana men t to ntid^Dti'^ Rivt*r upon a [tip I sent Hir John St. Clair by tbe last Express, 1 1 shall try what the A83**nibly will enable me to do jith ReisjKH't to the Post Von mention, and writt^ yon |Mjn the Elead as soon a& I vnn form any Jndgmt-nt tluur Rt^solufioniP.

It will ^ive tli*^ inoHt sensible rieasnre to afford Yon liy AsHisUin*"^ in tht^ Exeeutitm *jf your imjxirtant joaunand, not only from my Zeal for hi» Majesty's

^rrie(\ hut from the personal Ri'^ard 1 have for ytm;

id hope when the pnblie SiM'viee will admit. You will Ive me an Opportunity of seeing Yon in a Place that I shall he [H'oad iif render! nfj as agreeable to You as

ist4iblL% ami am,

Sir, Your most (»lH*dient humble Servant,

]UnV[\ II. Mi^KRIS.

Robert Hunter Morris, 377

*i f>oiit a W4*ok, when 1 «hall have an (Ippoihiuity of I ^31 viDg inore fully lKrfoi'€^ You tbe C^>Dduot of my -VsHVJuhly, and iu th(* mi*i\ii Time am,

Hir, Your most obt^Jieut hambU^ Servant,

KUB1\ IL MOKHIS,

To the Assembly Reconnnen*liiii^ FVoper Provision for Certain C>tiio Indians,

GENTLEMEN t SiaiTooyady coniiug to Town without an Inter- preter I tw^nt for Mr. Wei&er, and Yesterday re t^eived from thin Chit^f an Aeeoiiut of his* Proceediugs in the DiHehargt; of the several Matters committed to ills Care by the Oliio Indians and the Governmeiits of X'irjziTiia. ^^:^yhm^l, ^iiid tliis Trt^viTu^^, wliich, together witli what passed when he was last here in his way to the Six Nations, will be laid before You by the Sec- retary.

So much depends on the Disposition and Measures of the Indians at this Time that I must earnestly rec- ommend it to You to make Provision for the ensuing Treaty, as well as to enable me to take proper Notice of this Chief who is so hearty in our Interest, and of the young Men he has brought along with him in order to be employed in some Services which he says . are if Importance to the general Cause.

It will readily occur to You that the several Western Indians who wish well to the English Interest wait V'ith Impatience for the Return of this Chief, and will form their Measuivs according to the Report which he shall make to them of our Treatment of them f<»r which Reason it will be of the last Consequence that this Chief and these young men go from us w^ell cloathed and jierfectly well j)leased.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

April 1, ITriH.

^s

Papers of the Governors.

the Assembly Vetoing a Bill for Striking Twenty- five Thousancl Poimds in Bills of Credit.

Your Hill tnr F^trikinj^^ Twenty-Five Thousand

Ponndw \w\ug contrary to his Majesty's Tnstrac-

Itiiw relatinj; to PajKn^ Money, and of the same Nature

fth the Bill I refused my Asfient to the last Sitting

the Assembly, I cannot pasa it into a Law without I Blench of Duty to the Crown, and I am concerned lat You should offer f?uch a Bill to me when You nd agra^ to suhniit the Dispute between Us upon to of the like Ivind to his Majesty.

As this is a Tinier if Imminent Danger, and the

ln'(/es niis^nl nnt1 (h^slin*-*! fur tlie St-rviir ^f the Colo-

l^^^iunst wait tlje Supplii^s from this rrnvince. T a^^ain

^Insit Voij to fnll iiyHni sojik* nMii'i- M**th(id of laishig

uiK'v iliat A\'i' iisav nu\ hmsi' ihi^ liiU^I'> njuHirtiinily

>Vfritiir his Muifstv^s Dontinions tirnv iiiv;nk-(l

Robert Hunter Morris.

379

iAntl iho' tli€ King'tt MJui^terE are informed of the gen-

€*■"»! Destination of this Armament for North America,

V ot the imrtieular Piace they intend to make a I>ement

^iXXJii is still H Hecret. But as they have already gained

a. Footing, and have a Body of Troops on the Back of

tills ProvincCj and cannot be ignorant of the defence-

lc.*i3« Btate of this pk^ntiful Colony, there is too much

Reason to f(^r tliat their Designs may Vie against Us.

I think it, tliciefore, my Dnty, Oentlemen, to call

Upon Vou to enable me to put this Province into a

l*iisture of Defence by establishing a it^gular Mllitiai

siiid providing the necessary Stores of War.

KOBEKT U. MORIUH. April 3, 1755.

To the Assembly Announcing a Council of the Colo- nial Governors with General Braddock.

GENTLEMEN : I expect Governor Shirley and Governor Delan- cey in Town this Evening in their Way to An- napolis to meet General Braddock, Governor Dinwid- dle, and Governor Sharpe, whither I propose to accom- pany them. I imagine they will chuse to go forward early to-morrow morning as the affairs We are called together upon will admit of no Delay.

I think it necessary to notify this to You and recom- mend it to you to make a short adjournment, as it is very probable that I shall have several Matters to lay before you upon my Return.

ROBT. H. MORRIS. April 8, 1755.

Papers of the Governors,

|>eech to a Council of Sachems of the Six Nations

and Other Indians,

Till- Pi'ttpi'it^toi'S have ai»|>oinled mc the Govm-nor iif tiris ProviiitVy iind liave i>artii:ulnriy reeommeut^ ro nie an lUtectiouate Care of thi^ Indians, and 1

list hi^ivrtily bid you woleonus

IcJave a String of Wampum.

I etliren :

I I talvt^ tlii& \'i?it <jf yonrs vi^ry khnlly. and in Token Hie HatisfartioD it *;ivt*»ine 1 ^ive Vou this Striiii;.

I A Strng.

lt*throii;

yHu^ (Irnllruian mm nw Mi^lM \\;i\n] is iIh- tirMrrn<ii Massiirlnisi^H,^ \lA\\ iuni 1 li,n'r ;i! rniii[i;mi»Mi him Mir Kii];^V l^usiiHS*^ la !Im* U(*iH'r;M ni"^ \\\v [viiiLi's U\, rUN] il i^h '"s l"s Imlli I'li^risljlj* Tn src ihr l!i(li;ius

Robert Hunter Morris. 38 1

I^Tjrlhcr Speech to the S;iclienis of the Six Nations and Other Indians,

BRETHREN: 1 told You JD tlit* mornfn^^ thnt tlit* several Mat- ters uii parted bv You to the Coimril lu my Absence I'^'^ort* iK*rft'etly agreeable to me, and that I would si>e:)k

tc* You further this Aftt*riiE>oiK

Yoii havedono wtdl to eome and vlsH your Brt^threfi, siiid it f^rives uie a |>artkuhir SntiKfiictioii to find jou litiiulful of the Treatiefii You Iia^v iH*iK*atodly made "t^'ith this Government, all whhdi You have ratified, fc* lie wed, and rnnfiriiied, a rlvUow! edging that the 8is ^auionH hold one Knd of the riuiin and the King's ^nbjecti* hoJd llie other, and your Hands are upon the i^^iddle of it.

All this is perfectly good, and I have now the Plea»-

*^ii-e to tell You that this Government does now for

^^lemselves and all his Majestie's Subjects assure You

*^^^ the Continuance of their Friendship for You, and

^*JV' this String I do in their Name renew, confirm, and

^t rengthen the Chain of Friendship find amity that

*^5is ever subsisted between Y^ou and Us since the Set-

^ t ^ment of this Province without any material Inter-

*^*^iptiou, and shall give it in charge to all our young

^^en. Warriors, and Others, to bear in Mind that AVe

'"^ ^-e all one Flesh and Blood, and wiioever does Injury-

one, either You or Us, hurts Us both alike; and in

^^nfirmation hereof I give you this Belt.

Gave a Belt.

■^^ rethren :

You have undoubtedly heard of the hostile Proceed-

^ ^^gs of the French at Ohio, and that they have con-

^^»*ary to the Fnith they owe the Six Nations and

^^ gainst their Will, taken from them that fine and

^^rjre River and Countrv.

382 Papers of the Governors.

I have now to inform you that the King has sent large Army to recover for the Six Nations what hi been so unjustly taken from them by the French. T1 King, to giye the Indians a further Proof of the U rightness of his Majestie's Designs^ has put one Pa of his Army under the Command of Ool. Johnson, tl great Friend of the Six Nations, who liyea in the Country and has on all Occasions their Confidence.

This Friend of the Six Nations called here in h Way from the General and desired me to give Yon tb Belt in Token of his Regard tor You, whereby 1 requests that You would not depart ftom Your Hal tations but wait for a Message from your Unclea ai him from Onondago, where he is gone to consult thei

Gave Col. Johnson's Belt.

I thank you for your Presents. It is not the val of what is given but the Atfection with which it given that renders it acceptable. We are sensil that You do not abound with Wealth, and that t L><?er8 are more scarce now where You live, and thei fore We do not expect any great matters from You.

Had you been so good as to have given Us noti of your intended Visit We would have been bett ] provided, but as it is, I shall recommend it to the who represent the good People of this Province to kind to You and to make You some Presents. T Secretary will inform You of their Determination a deliver to You what shall be ordered.

I cannot take my Jjeave of You without giving Y this String as a Token of my Affection.

Gave a String.

Apri 23, 1755.

Robert Hunter Morris, 383

letter to George Croghaii U ith Instructions to Fa- vorably Dispose various Indians toward General Braddock.

SIR: Herewith You havt^ a Copy of General Brad* doek'B Letter to mt\ iind in compliance thei-ewith I reijuire and autbome You to coovone as many lu- <liatis as You ean to Aucqukk of the Bix KadonSj Bel- si warc^, Sbawones*, Twigbteee^ and Owendats^ and fieliver to tbem by Belts aod Htringi*, as the Occasion may require, a Message from me to entreat tbey would immediately meet the fiem*ral on his March, hear what he has to say to them, give bim all tbe Assistance in their Power, and join heartily in the Measures gni- eiously taken by hi» Majesty to recover for them the Lauds which the Preneh have most unjustly takrn from them.

Let the Indians know that there is no meeting of Ciovernors at Winchester, but that as the General is on his March all true Friends of the English are desired not to proceed to Winchester, but to repair to the Army to distinguish themselves agreeable to their repeated Professions.

To those Indians that are remote You are forthwith to send Belts or Strings, and let them be such a^ are suitable with pressing Messages to wait on the Gen- eral and receive his Orders. For this Purpose employ and dispatch away such private Indians as You can trust, and of your proceedings herein immediately in- form me and likewise send an Express to the General or wait on him yourself, and acquaint him what You ha\^ done and w^hat Success You are likely to have, and take all the Indians with You. You are sensible that the larger the Number the more credit it will be to this Province.

I herewith send you a Number of Belts and Strings

Papers of the Governors*

iil>iuiu whi* li Y(ju iiiv to ilisposv of lo tlie utiu<i

tagt% and J luuKt iutsist iJi>uij your roiistiltim-^- R

oyady and the Belt of Wauipiim, and with the^j^daa

IJ^i'^ut Tare that no >Ie*5m^u^erst bo employ*.* '^ri * Berviet' \m\ iMU-h tm are faithful, know tli — <^* ^ter» of tlje Indians well, and can dlwliiignitstl^ ' B aiTB proper to trust the >Ie#igaj?e with or can

fronu

I am, 8ir* Your Imnihle Servant

UtTHT. IL l\It)RRIS, idelphia^ 2iM ApriK IToo,

tr* the Asseniljly C'oiiunitlee on Fnrnisliing Certain Military Supplies,

TLRMEN:

*y a LiMtt^r I liavi/ n-teiv^Hl this aHnninfc Ui)\u

Robert Plunlcr Morris. 3**^5

and onlj come down to asi^nre l-^ uf the Continuance of their Fiiendsliip for Uh, Tniy give tbe necessary Orders that they may go out of Town and reach the place of their Habitations berorc* the Mesmige arrives from thi- Hix Xatioiis and Col, Johnsoo, as mentioiuHl in the Minuti^j ^vhich the S^H-retary hi\» my Ordcrn to »hoM^ you.

1 am. Gentlemen. Your most humlile Servant,

U(»Jn\ IK Mi JURIS. Philadelphia, 21th Aiiiil, I75r>.

Letter to General Brad dock Conceniing the Military Operations.

Suit I am bono tired with your Favours of the Twf^nty-

fourth 4»f Ajiril ami Hiurth Tustanf, tin* fonnercauie t(» me af Nt^vv Vnrk, wlierr J waw witl* (Joveriior Hliii-^ ley, ami the hitter 1 recinvtHl Vesterday by your Ex- pre»s,

1 shall bi^ lii-aitilv s^rrv if tbf^ ^1ar«-h nf the Tror)|>6 sliouUl be rc*tarded or tlH» Supply of Provision rendered more difticult for want of necessary Roads, wliieh It was the Duty of tliis l*rovinc(» to have opened in Time, hut as I liave taken the greatest Pains imaginable, ever since my Arrival in this Province in October last, to ])revail on the Assembly to jj:rant the Supplif^ neces- sary for carrying? his Majesty's commands into Exe- cution, I cannot take any Part pf the Blame to myself.

The tii-st Notice T had that such a Road would be wanted w^as about the tw^enty-fourth of February, when I received a Ty(*tter from Sir John St. Clair, dated the fourteenth of that Month, recommending!: it to me to open Communication from this Tow^n to the

25— Vol. TI— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors,

vk^ of Vohiogiiuv, wbicb I im mediately sent to the ;>eaker of Hie Asfeiuil>ij\ wlio with some other of the [embers^ had a I'ower over Five Thousand Pounds of [le rublick ilouey, but they would neither consent

open tbiit Koad or to enable me to do it, upon whUh I wrote to ^r John '*th4it 1 was under very great dif julties, having no Money at my Command, and jliged tov every Article of Expenee to apply to a Sett

Men quite unacquainted with every kind of military :*rvice and very unwilling to part with Money upon ay Terms, ■' I must observe to you that the Assembly

the Three Lower Counties upon Delaware, whiub M'ni a little Government distinct and independent

Penngylvaniu, bad lodged a Thonaand Pounds iu

' Hands of the f^peal^er of tlK^r Hotis*\ to tie dis-

|)ficd of ii^ hi.^ iind I shuiild a;H^tei* tnf bis Mnjesiv's

■rvhi*; niid wluii he (Mine In Town, wbirh was nnt

II iln" III si \\ ct'k ill Man b, \\ c ti^iri^d to drfiav ilu-

ij^MMire ot [t^rotmuitriii^^ {Uai rinnilrv aTid .siiisryin;:

Robert Hunter Morris*

387

I

tbis SerTicej and cmgaged to use tlit4r Inlerest with tile A«iseiiiblj to pay the whole Kxpeuee; whereupon 1 sent Orders to Lbe Comtiu»siouer» who Lad made the Survey to open the Roads with all [K>»!*ible Disxmtch, aod they began the Work on the first of the Month, and nothing shall be wanting on mj Part to further this necessary Service^ which would not have remainvd thus long undune if the Assembly had furnished MOTOy, or I had been sooner informed of your Inten- tion to defray the E^tpence of it. T should not have been so particular as to this Matter had not Hir John St* Clair taken the Liberty to speak of my Conduct in it in a very iuipi'oper mauDcr to the Peiisons I am eiuployed upon this Servlct*, which may lessen me in the Eyes of those 1 am appointed to command, but cannot in the least contribute to his Majesty's Ser- vice. Had he wrote me on the head, I should h*ave been obliged to him, but as he took another Method I think it unbecoming me to take any other Notice of it than what I have done in Answer to your Letter, being satisfied that You want no Proofs of my Attach- ment to the Crown or Zeal for his Majesty's Service.

Upon your Ixitter I have issued Warrants to appre- hend two Irish Men mentioned in Delap's Information, and such as shall be found carrying Provisions or Warlike Stores to the French, and if any of them are taken I shall have them punished according to an Act of this Province lately made for that Purpose; but as the Laws are slow^ in their Motions and legal Proofs difficult to be obtained of Transactions carried on in secret and in the remote unsettled Parts of this Coun- try, should your Scouts take any that are concerned in that unnatural Trade, or that utter treasonable Words, I shall not be surprised to hear that You have proceed- ed to do them Justice in a more summary way than I am able to do.

Agreeable to your Request, immediately upon my

R8

Papers of the Governors.

^tuni from Alexandria I si^nt to (U*orge Crogbaii, IV?Buii *^ntniKr(*d With the Ma lijigemeiit of the In- htuB in thiti Province, to join yon with as large n tody of able-lUidit^d Indians a« he eon Id. Copy of Iv lA'tter to hiriL npon thut head I f^end you herewith. lit aw 1 luive had no Aimwer to it I send Mr, I'*^ters, lie Seeretary of this Provinre, to further that AtFair jd to hasten the o[jeiiing the lloads. 'The Letter herewith from (fovernor Hhtrley will in- Inn You that the Destination of the five hundit*d jen rais^ed in Jersey is bo far **nlari;ed £ig to admit of leir being emiiloyed under hiui at Niagara, which ie le more necessary as Sir William Pepi^ereir** Re^i- lent is not near full,

|t am glad Mr. Franklin hast hnd snceeas in procnring

lU ;i Niiniher nf Ihasi^s and ^^a^^lIls, nnd I j^haU

|i(leavonr in ninki^ my Assrinlily bi^nr I he t'liar^rn at

Mil, iMM raiirKH say 1 li;i\(^ aa\ ^\ariii Ivxjk riiHinuH

in i1j;H Ii*;ii1. Mr. I'luiilJIn will hr in 'rn\\ n \\\[^

'Robert Hunter Morris. 389

vice bj grail tin*; th^ Kuppliea exi>f(rted by the Crown, and by putting;: lliis Trovinre fnto 11 Postur<* nf D*^ fmrt-S hut I am sorry lo tiiul that iii'ithiM' the Ihmger !ii hIuiIi lhj» Ci>Tiiitry s^taiid^ expust^d, nor hi» Mti- jrsty H rept»at**d tmd iiffectionate rails, have had smy Weight with You.

The Bilt you tieiit me for strilciag Tw€*nty-Five Thou- KUJid Poundss was of u moiv estniordimiry Nature than that I refuseii arv Asstrut to in the Winter Hes^sioug, lu* it gave (jeuoral Bnuldoek a Power over no more ihn n F i i^ e Tl 1 o u aa ud I*o audi?, and tt u h j t* ct ed tin- rt nna i n - iu]^ Ti\x*nty ThoUMiind and all tli<? Surpla:^ oT the Kx- I'ise for Eleven Years* to come to the I>ispo»iiioii of i«onie of tlie Members of your llouse^ and to the Ah- »embly for the Time being;

The olTerin^ Mnoey in a way and upon Tprms that You very well knew I could not consistent with my Duty to the Crown consent to, is in my Opinion trifling with the King's Commands, and amounts to a Refusal to give at all, and I am satisfied will be seen in this Light by my Superiors, who by your Bill above men- tioned, which I shall lay before them, and by the whole of your Conduct since Y^ou have been made ac- quainted with the Designs of the French, will be con- vinced that your Resolutions are and have been to take Advantage of 3'our Country's Danger, to aggran- dize and render permanent your own Power and Au- thority, and to destroy that of the Crown. That it is for the Purpose and to promote your scheme of future Independency Y'ou are grasping at the Disposi- tion of all Publick Money and at the Power of filling all the offices of Government especially those of the Revenue, and when his Majesty and the Nation are at the expence of sending Troops for the Protection of these Colonies, You refuse to furnish them with Pro- visions and necessary Carriages tho' your country is full of both, unless Y^ou can at the same Time encroach

Papers of the Governors.

|>on iln* Hi^^hts of tlie <.'m\vii a!id iinTeaso y<n]r nwo iwer; ain adv ten gtvsit for a Ihaiich of a Bubardinate [j^eiKlaiil (lovtnnmeiit 80 remote from the princiikaJ kit of 1*0 wer,

JYou have, Gentlt^men, bj a Vote of your owu Honsej fthout the CoDseut of the Government empowered jCoiiiiiLittee of your Membei-s to borrow Money nijon le Ciedit of tlie Asiwembly, and to dispoi^ of the line to certain uses in that Vote mentioned* You [ve also by Votes and Keelovt^e of your own HooBe

L^attKl Bills or notes of credit made payable to the kirer» thereof, to the Amouut of Fifteen Thousand punds, which You have issned in lieu of Money, and ley are now circulating in this Province without the

ijii^oluition of tin: ( rovi^rTuiient. Voii hnve denied Access to yoiM' Join ritUs and refuyr^d me copies of \uv MimUesi. And yon have printed and fiiibli?^hed Si'cieiary vi^ State*;^ Leitii^s tn nie si^iiir/in^ his

irsl\ s rdiLiTuantls. nut only wltlKMif luv <*o[tseHt.

Robert Hunter Morris. 391

Ydu lia%'e no l>esigD to contribute nny Tiling towards ilw Di*fence of this Country, T tho i3|:lit it rijrlit to hf* no longer f?ilent iijion tlio«f Fiends.

Ij^eiitlemen, When the Bill to prevent the ImporlR' I Inn of the Gf^rmans, &c., was unrjer my Cons*idera tioBj I took siieli Advice i][>on it and made such amend* nients to it as I thought would best answer the Pub- lick Purpaiw.*^, and put that Trade upon suHi a Focit- iug as to prevent the numy Abuses that had lieen praetii»ed in it, and at the same time secnre this tJity and Prf^vinee af^aliist the romhig in and spreading of Infections Distempers. How fur the Bill as proposed by You. or amendecl by me^ would or would not have answered those Ends, was a matter proper to be con sidered at a Conference which you might have desired if you had thoa|;ht profior, as it is the only means of bringing a Bill to Perfection when the Branches of the Legislature differ in Opinion concerning any amendments proposed to it, but instead thereof You have sent me a Me8«*age filled with unjust Reflections upon the Amendments proposed by me, and plainly designed to represent me as having no Regard for the Health or Safety of the Inhabitants of this Coun- try, in doing which I cannot think Y''ou have paid a proper regard to Truth. However, as it is not my intention to enter into. a Controversy with You upon that Bill, which might have been agreed upon be- tween Us had the usual Method of proceeding in such Cases been pursued by You, I shall say nothing more upon this Head, especially as this Matter seems pur- posely chosen to lead me and the Publick from consid- ering that Part of your Conduct that must in its Con- sequences most nearly affect the Inhabitants of this Province.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

May 16, 1755.

Papers of the Governors.

|r tu General Bradc]ock Concerning the Furnish- ing of Certain Forage.

|l lijid yours by Mr. lA'»lie on the Rixtet^ntb In-

111, tunl ns my A^s(*inhly \vas tlii^u stUinj^ stnd

III viiyv 1 ^tMJt il t(j llu^iii to know if they would

Ih the Fav'd^e Vou wanted at the Exj^nce of Hit*

I He. juid by a [(rivtite Mes^sa^e lliey ^ave lue to

slatnl that tbeir Comiitilli^e wuiild piiiTliaai^ and Ike Forage required; but uiioa my writing to the ill tee lliey retunfd nie ft»r Ans*wer that they had [uey iu tln'ir I lands, and eould on^y assis^t m^ pri- IVrsioii«; l*pon which J have Biipidied Mr. lA'slie jiive hnndrrd Toundi*, and g:iven Mr. RliipiK'n. lir;ish i\ whrrt* Li^slir Jnis rfJiiiriMtrd fnr Pjiri of

iiii;:r. i\n tirdrr In nii nish Utiu wiHi ;iiiy ^itsHrl^

^r iiuiy wsiiil Jind In di'iiw iijmhi ni*^ ini \\\v snine.

shnil In- puiit-j iKillv \i\\\i\. Tdh IIimhii- luinu

Robert Hunter Morris. 393

Letters to General ilratklock Concernitig the Supplies of the Army and Other Military Matters*

rhihulc^lphia, Juno H, 17515.

SIFi: 5[i\ ri*ttTs brought me your Propowat?? for a fontnut for thret* Months' ProviHioiis for the Army under your r<uumaud, upon which We hnniodiately consulted i*onie Men best acquainted with the Trade and Cureuni&taneeg of this Countrv% and I am well a**- »uretl ihe Quantity of rrovisions may be furuislied in Time to answer your Demands.

Mr. Turnt*r, a Gentleman of note in this Province, ha^ undertaken to Purchase the Provisions neressary upon this Oet'asion, and hati already, at my request, bouf^^ht one hundred Head of Cattle, one luindred and twelve Harrels of Pork, Twenty Barrels of Rice, ami Tw*o HundrtHl HuHhelBof Pea&e; and he is endeavouring b> txet Two hundred aud foi'ty Bari^els of Pork more; til*' rest of the Meat will Iw^ i?^iippMed iu Bei^vc*?^, which may be had verj- good in this and the neighbouring Province of Kew^ Jersey, All the Pork mentioned alidVi* is nf tin- vi'iy ln^st khid, well nirt*d and packil, and may be depended on for keeping;.

I send a man into the counties of York, T^ancaster, and Cumberland, to purcha{*e up twelve hundred Bar- rels of Flower, and to hire or build projier Store Houses at Shi]K*pnsburg or McDow ell's Mill, for the Reception of that and the other Species of Provisions that will be sent from hence, who is to remain at the Place and take a particular account of all the Provisions he receives and sends away. And he is to provide good Pasture for three hundred Head of Cattle, so that what are sent up and remain in his Care may be kept fat and fit for use; and you may have them drove to the Army from time to time in such numbers as you shall judge best.

	~m	^^■HH
m }4 Papers of the Governors. Mr. Fete IS, who on his Way from the Camp eame imiigli Ciirjiberhind L-ouutj, judge** that a Place called rlJovveirs Mill, situate upon the new Road, about rtqty in lies Westward of Hhipiit^neburgj is much more itiveiiient for the magazine than Hhtppensburg, which^ You approve of, You will let your fe^ecretary notify mv iVpprobation by the Keturn of this Express, to liarles Bwaiu, at 8hipi)t*iiBburg, who, by my Instruc- Lms, is to wait that Approbation before he begins to aid or hire t^hore-IIouse^, and in the mean Time he lu employ himself in i)rocuring Pastures and pur- amng the Flower. 1 obsen^e that iu your proposal s You mention Bread I'lower; it will be much moi-e easy and cheaper furiiit^h Flowi^r than Hr^^iul. and if you have con- 'Jiieurc%^ lor liakiiig in llie l^nnp ll [uav an?^\ver the iirpnse as wt-ll, Init if iicl, aad Ih-rail is absiolutely *L'eKsary» I ^^ill urdiM' Uu- whuh- or any pait nf the lowi-r 111 in- bal^i'd ..1 lln- Mai2a/jin\ uad will si-nd
1	■

Robert Hunter Morns.

395

l^mlfly, can ea^^ily furnisb. 1 must, thereforej d&* you will send me Bills for that Sum and every thing ahall be managed to the best advantage, and the Pithlkk served at as cheap a Kate m anj private Merchant in this town*

I send you Enclosed a Copy of the Instructions 1 have given to CharJes Swainej for the Government of himself in the Management of the Affair I have entrui^ted him with, to which I shall add such Othem as may be from Time to Time necessurj'*

I am told that great Part of the Flower sent by the Committee of the Assembly to the mouth «)f Cone- gachege, is put up into Casks make of green Timbefj which will inevitable turn it sower. I mention this to You that You may have it surveyed as it arrives at the Camp, and if not quite spoiFd it may be saved by putting it into Bags or otluT Cnsk?*,

I am, Sir, Your Excellency's most obedient and most humble Servant,

. ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Philadelphia, June 4th, 1755.

ilR:

^ The last Accounts I have from T^ancaster are that Mr. Leslie has purchased a (Quantity of Forage, and had sent forward to the Camp twenty Waggons load- ed, and expected soon to send the Remainder, which I suppose by this Time he has done.

I have bought one thousand Bushels of Oats and one thousand bushels of Indian Corn in this Town, and have directed sixty Waggons to be taken up, and if

Papers of the Governors.

hm Im^ IkhI slinll pronire Fonijn? enOTi*;h to load

I ail, a!nl si'Uil rbtnn away in small Piivtiesi. In-

1 Keml You an Estimate of the Expence of ih^

Ir. iiiatlt^ by Mr, Frnakliii, who 1 have employed

iiini' Ihi^ \Vag^^ft>ijs, and whn iv\U ine I may d*^

hm liaviiiy: theiu. ('ol. Jliiiit(*r, in \m Way to

l\'tn'k, told iiiv lit* should Fiirnisli loe with (*ash

|iK and oilitM- ServU-es tiiat Vou nnjafbt order, hut

^turii tolls nil* that (>rd<*rs fi'om Mr, Johnston.

|*ay master, ar** ueit-ssary for his ilustification*

he haw lodiftnl Mmicy here to answer. You will,

|ore, |dea«e to order nie Uills for that Bervice by

'hiru of (ln!4 Exjuvfiis,

ne houjtJjlit tifty fat Oxen at the Ex^mnt^e of the iJovernnu^ut of tlo^ Kow*^r rountii*s. wbioh 1 sliall

llnrWiiril fnUMJiMMV V\ j Th it riMri'l o| fat Sh*M"]f, lMfiiiil.IT Xnnilipr 1 i^nnnM yvi say. I lia\r pal India' ilir r;Ht' and hirirhuo of ii \<-v\ rurt^ful iIh^ Ihal it( Ihr S( astiTi will iiiakc tUv]v

Robert Hunter Morris,

hvlnyi; Oisiipprovert by tliu Ministrj and by the Qiiaker» lu <iener«lj, niaj po^sihl;^' i>ut Vin into iKnti-r Temper.

I received great Batlsfactiun from the accounts Mi-, JVters* gave me of the forward H title of the Itoarl I hut iH now Ojieuing to the Ohio^any, and thi^ is siin^e roiifiriiied by a Letter from one of the Com mis- 2^iuiJ*'rf*, \vher<"iu lie sayjs that they are eome to the Sideling llilK and f^tiall be detained there at least a ^Veek (that i» till Yef^terday) in cutting a Road tbro' that diflhMilt Mountain, but 1 am sorry to hear from liim that the People will not when they come to liay'a TnwTi prm*efd farther without a (luard. I havt* on th(^ Hi (*pj|j| i»f tbiH disa^^^rtvable Xeww applit'd ift the t'limmiHee of AsBenibly to enable me 1o piirrhane and Hi'ud them Anns from this Town, for they have none In till- rciiinlry. bat liavi^ not yrt ri'iiMvin] Mirir An- s^wer, nor do I (xpect it will bo a favorable one, tho' to do them justice they ai-e extremely desirous to have the Roads cut and will willinj^ly pay the Expence. I wish it was consistent with your scheme of Operations, as there is in this Province no regular Militia to fur- nish them with a small Escort or Guard from your Army. If they had one I am persuaded the Road would be soon iinished, and an excellent Road it will l)e, and fit for Waggons by the Time You can want your Provisions to come this way to You.

1 find by Mr. Peters that You have Thoughts of rendering this Road still more useful by making Others from it to Venango and Niagara; none here are ac- quainted with that Country. If the Country will ad- mit of Roads tin- proper Places thro' which they are to go must be settled after an Examination by the Trader?* You have engaged in your F^ervice. I have ordered the Commissioners when they pass the Alle- gheny HillK to give it in Charge to their Hunters to view and examine well the Nature of the Country, and

Papers of the Governors,

Vuvi it to YoTi, and to give You tlieir advice and ItiiiH^e if Ynii dosiro it. 1 am. Sir, |u' ExtT^lleucy'8 most obedient humble Servant,

BOBT, H. MORRIt^.

|r lu the Governor of Maryland Conceming the

Impending Military Operations,

Plilladelphia, M;iy SOtli, 1755.

|rjMMt my rt^huMi fruiii Mniylamt Governor Shir ri'^iursltH inv ]o p) wilh liiiifc ti^ i'nr ;is Neu wlici'r ni!"l in Ni'W -hriH^'^ Ik- iiiKij^iinnl 1 i niiM liiiii sonK^ Assishi nr^', ;nul I diil uul *^r{ linjiir 11 ininti^ili;! [rl\ iK^fur^* llu- tiinliri^^ nf my A^

Robert Hunter Morris.

399

IncloBc^d I send You liis Msijestv^e Message to tlie HouBe of Lords and their Address in Answer to it» whence thi^re is Room to suppose the Govvrniuent have Botiie Intelligence of an intended Invasion; but flip Bpirlt that appears in the Nation, and tlie jifreat Fleet We liave e^iuipiK^d in so short a Time, may (Min- Ttnce the French that an>- attempt of that sort will be idle. The Commons I hear have voted a Ci^it of one Million more than the ordinary HtJpplies for ihe Sc^rviee of the Current Year.

My I^etters tell me that our Conrt have sunt Pro- |i0BfilH to the Court of France, and have limited a Time for (heir Answer, and if they do not agree to thosi* I'roposalM that a War will he immediately do- t'lured, which the Nation were never bt^en Inclined CN' m> well prepared to tarry on with Vigour. In case of a Rupture We are to have Ten Thousand Men in America, which with the Assistance of the Provinces <if they will assist) will be sufficient to drive the IFrench from this Quarter of the World. The Duke of l>orset is made Master of Horse in the Room of Lord Harrington, who is going to Ireland, and as he is connected with the Boyl Family he will easily settle the Affairs of that Kingdom, which in case of a Dis- pute with France will be a very necessary piece of Service.

The Two thousand New^ England Forces are sailed for Nova Scotia under convoy of three Men of War, and Shirley's Regiment is to move this Day from Bos- ton to Providence, where Transports are ready to carry them to Albany. Sir William Pepperell is at last ar- rived at New York and wants nigh half a Regiment, and I am afraid Will not be able to compleat his Corps before he marches.

I am, Sir, your Honour's most obedient and most bumble servant.

ROBT. H. MORRI-S.

Papers of the Goventor^,

le Assembly Concerning the Net^d uf Mitttary Supplies.

wiirtl** Fort Du ijuej^ni', has n^prei^eiUtMl to me n ca»e his Majes^tys Anna under Im immetluite fjinil if*hoiihl pro VI* Hiifi*t*i=it*fHl, AthI \w shoiih! ijikc ""urt in its present ConiHticm, h^ will make what ions to it lie may think iit?tH»siitiry, iind in it h*avi* OGS, Aiumuni troth nud Stt»rr» belonging to tU* with II proper r»arrison. JSul of tht* Funn^i I abundon utid I>L*Htroy Mw Furtitk-atioDs, with mid Ktore.^, }\H lie had T'eiib<oii to iljiprr'heiid, lit* \\ lUiU i'iifiv r^^pjjii* or ronsMMict wiihi* Tlin** i^f tv, in wiiii'li Uv will lik^'wiwe lejive a Ojirrifton. nsi Ihe .Vrniltn*y and Shjri's be Iihk witfi him wili ,nliiN*lv ricrr^Msjjrv in llu* i^ro^euutitm of hiw IMaiu

1 ■

Robert Hunter Morris. 40?

I must also recommend it to You, Geiitl(^men, eitlier by es^tabliBhing a Militia or otlierwt^ to enable me to protect the Inhabitants of the Hack Country ag:ain8t the Incuraions of the French tmd their Indians.

Immediately upon receivinfr the Gunerars Letter demanding Cannon and Stores^, I wrote to the Gov- ernor of Virginia and Maryland to l^now what Store® cif that kind they had and what Part their (Jovern* nunits won Id re^]K*ctLvely take in that Supply, and informed them at the same Time that I had summoned You to meet, and till Yon were assembbnl con Id not say what I i^hould be enabled to do in that Matter.

I nec?d mention no other arguments to induce You to fjrant tlie necc^smiry Supply than that Fort Pii ijuesme is within thi® I'rovince, and that the great Expence the Kation is at on this Occasion will be thrown away, his Majesty's Intention, rendered abor- tive, and his Arms dishonoured if the Countries Gen- eral Braddock shall recover are, through the Neglect of the Colonies, left in such a naked Condition that the French may take Pose»ssion of them again as soon as the Army is withdrawn.

The Difficulty that has attended the Procuring Car- riages for the Use of the Army and for transporting Provisions and other Things to the Camp, makes it necessary to regulate by a Law the Wages or Hire of Waggons, Horses, and Men, as also the Price of Provisions that may be wanted for the Use of the Troops now employed in our Defence, that his Ma- jesty's Service may be carried on at a reasonable and moderate Expence and private Men not left at Liberty to impose upon the Publick; I therefore recommend this Matter to your Consideration.

Knowing how necessary your Presence is in the Country at this Busy Season of the Year, 1 would not have called You together If I could have dispensed

26— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

I 'a per s of the Governors.

|ith H. 1 filuill oil my Pnrt ex[>edite ISuslness all 1 ni, ami luimt desire Yt>u will not enter on any Matters \Hm wliich \\'e have already differed in Opinion, as will only serve to consume our Time without answer- JiY valuable Purposes,

ROBT. H, MORELS.

[ellcr to Captain Orme, A, D, C, Accompanying a Gift of Supplies for General Eraddock's Table I^Yoin the Lower Counties,

,EMi SIE:

I liiive just 'nnit* hy tlip nt*nn*r to tell You that

lie brings in liis Wji^^uu r!ir srv^-ial Tliii^gs rx* [t'SSi*d hi I lie rtiilesril IJsi wiiit ]| Vol I will nnler t<i be Is-eivi'il fnnii liinK aiul \\\\\i iiiy lieaily Wishi^s for |ie ileuiral's fliahh and Sinrt^ss desire hi> Mil) d<»

Robert Hunter Morris. 4{>j

laid in at ^hip[teu^burg for the Troop», tlit* othei* re? la ting to Forage and sih^v Matttrg; And I have now the PIvaaure to acquaint You tbat Mr, Lei^lit* has* stnit from the Back C^Junties where he was einphjyed forty- five Waggons loaded with Oat>^ or other Forage^ and that ihe Pep«oDs employed by nie have at last di«- tmtched fifty-two Waggons from this Town, each carry- iag fifty Bushels of Oraiiij ouc half Oats the other In* dian Corn. I have had considerable Difticultfes in procuring these Waggons, and was obliged to Issus a threatiug Warrant to the Magistrates of four Conn ties w*hich brought them in; but the several Townships made Contributions and gave from five to fifti*en PoiiinIj* a jueee to tlie Waggons over and above the Hire of fifteen ShiUings i>qv Day, Thm will make i very difficult to procure Waggons for the future nn der a very extravagant Rate, unless the Assembly who I have ordered to meet to-morrow will regulate that Matter, for the People themselves have no kind of Scruple to make as great an Advantage as they can of the Forces that are sent to protect them.

In mine of the 4th Instant I informed You that I had applied to the Comittee of the Assembly to enable me to send up a few Arms to the Persons employed in opening the Road, but they would not do any Thing in the Matter, whereupon I ordered twelve or fifteen Muskets to be bought and sent up to the Comissioner employed in that Service agreeable to his Request; but there are but Six to be had in Town, which will be sent away as soon as possible, and I have directed the Commissionera to procure what Guns they can in the Country for this Service.

Since wTiting to You about the Provisions Mr. Tur- ner, the Gentleman employed by me, has procured an- other Quantity of Pork, which with w^hat he had bought before will be vsufficient as to that Article, and

y

Papers of the Gnveniors.

Mea I have sent into thi* Btiek Cuunnej* wHt<*» me

he c;iu pronirr tln^ Plowem. fjveruor SUjrloy'H Keijiment will bf at Kl^w York it the 15th lu»tant, and rire withcnit dt4inrkirig rot*iH^il to Allmtiv; Kir wniiiiiii Peppereir^ Ib not full nor do I imagine he will be able to eutnpleat I Time For this Summer's Service, as i am to Id ntitH night four hundred, thli? will it*ndor Governor ley much weaker rhan he expi^eted to be, I don't 0 the State of the other EasterB Expedition*, but H)>*e the Letter* I have the Honour to send ToH this Conveyance v\ili inform You of eveiy thinj?

IK doing. UTii, Kin Ycviir Exei'Uenry*^? nio>«t olK'dietif honrble

JlUt,

HOliT, H. MDIUUK. fiMndelpliifL 121 li June, 1755,

I

4

Robert Hunter Morris. 405

pretended to be due to the Lord Baltimore for Ari'ears of Quit Kent* 1 am a1t*o informed that Andei^son -Brown, one of the Under Sheritls of Dorgets County j with some Others, iu February last came to the Houae of one James Anderson, who lived in the said CouiKy of Kent, utM>n Land talceu under the Proprietors of Pennsylvania, and upon Anderson's refusing to pay liiiii a Sum of Money which he demanded for hia Levy, Belied him in a Violent Manner in order to carry him to Prison in the said County of Dorsets, whereupon Weapons were drawn and a tinarrel arose between the contending Parties which wae near ending In IJloodshed. As it is the Mutual Interest of the l*ro^ jirietors of both Provinces to pre&erve Peace and good «^>rder among the Inhabitants that live near the Bord* ^*r^ or repnted Line till (he final Determination of the 3)ispnte at present subsisting between them, and Prac- tices of this »ort may be attended with very fatal Con- «e<iuences if they are )iot timely discouraged, and are Infractions of his Majesty's Royal Order in Council made for quieting Tumults and Disorders on or near the Borders, I doubt not but You will join me in sup- pressing them, and give Orders that his Lordship's Officers i)roceed no further in the Cases that are the SiibjiH'ts of the Complaints I have mentioned above. I am. Sir, your most humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS. To Governor Sharpe.

Letter to an Indian Chief with Regard to Certain Encroachments of the Whites upon Indian Terri- tory.

THE HONE LE. EOB'T, H, MORRIS, ESQ'R. Lt. Governor^ cCyy/., cfrr/., ikca,: To our very good Friend John Shickcalamy: T have laid your Complaint before the Couiic\\ \u

Papers of the Governors.

VU You set forth that sundry I*t*oph» have siettled *yond tlie Line of the* h»tt* l*nr<lump inudc* at Allmnv lOTi Landft not yvi <'tmvf*y<*d hv \\w Six Natioui*, & !a detenu ined that the* Lim^ ^hall ho run that it iiy he known for (vrtain if^lien* the Limit extend; & \wn thi» i& done 1 will i»«iie u Prooinmutiou prohih- Ing aU l*er!ion» from Bt^ttling to the Korth of that ne, niid I ljn|ie thiH will hnvf ita KtTei'tn, Vnii Khali ive NoLke when tlie Lino in run Uiat you nuiy hv 'f*fti*nt & iOe all done right- If after thi» m\y isliall ■(»»uini^ to M»ttlL> thoy will ho puuif*hf^d. I um your Hearty P^rit^nd,

ROHT. IT. McMJHlS.

ettcr of Condolence to ilic Sons of the late Shawo- nesc Chief Kishycoqnillas,

Robert Hunter Morris,

407

As a TestiDiony of the Love the Proprietaries and Ibis Ooveruinfot retain for t}!e faniilj of Kisbyco- 'luHlas, You will be pleased to accept of the Present whicb is delivered to John Hliick Calamjt' for jour Use, May the great Spirit confer on You flealth and ever 'if her li letting*

Coutioue yanr AfTection for the Engli«h and the good Pi*ople of this Province, and You will always ^nd them grateful.

1 atn^ Your assured Friend,

ROBT. H, MORRIS, PMIadelphia, 13th June, 1755.

-T^roclamatton for a Fast on Account of a Prolonged *

Drouth.

^|3 Y TEE HONOURABLE ROBERT HVNTER

_Jj Morri^^ Esquire^ LieuUmant Govenioi' and Com-

mander-in- thief of the l^ovince of Pennsyl/va-

^^ia^ and Caunties of Nem Castle.^ Kent^ arid Sussex^

"^^^pmi Delaware^

A PROCLAMATION.

^VhereaM^ it is the Duty of every Gov- erinient to keep alive among the People a just Sense of their entire Dependence on the Providence of Almighty God, and to remind them of the intimate Connec- tion between the Divine Favour and Pub- lick Happiness, between National Calam- ity and National Vice, in order thereby to propagate that sincere Love of Re- ligion and Virtue w hich, under the Chris- tian Dispensation, is the great means of recommend- ing a People to the Favour and Protection of Heaven;

Papers of the Governors.

\(i W/terem^ it is also tbu hulispeii»^ablp Duty of

i*v\ Smwly of ili*|M.*ndt»nt lk*mg^ in all their just

riakings lu address themselves for Aid and Di-

I'iioii to the Supreme Lm-d of the Universe,' and m

thinr Dangers and Wants to depit^eate Ills Dis-

laiffurL' and iuqdorf his Mercy through the infinite

ItIIh itnd Jntenession of his lilesised Hon our I^ord

■*us Christ; And \l7t/'rea^^ «ueh a Conduct at present

huis mone ei^pecially to be oar Duty, bein^^ on tbe

[y Brink of a diingL-rons War, and the benign In-

:^nces of the Heavens having been lon^ with h*^ Id

m Us, threatened with the U'nnt of the neces»<uy

■ans of supporting Onrsi^ves and the Army whiefa

Majesly hiis l>eeii irnieionsly jdeased to ^nd for

l'rnh^((iim: W/trfrpH'. f h-ivt, liv tiif Ad^ic■<^^lr

rmrnrii, ibiMi^ht Mf lu m|<|hmil( Tlnirsilay. I hr Nhir

[iitli na\ III' Jimi\ Fii Ih^ ubsiM^'inl I Itmiiuhuni ihis

|iivilir<' :ini1 I'lniulicH iJihlr>r uw i Iom^i niiiriil :is ;i

Robert Hunter Morris,

409

R<*iy:ii lit our Sovt^n-iuii J.oid Ocorgre tb<:* Second, Kin^ of (Iri^at Britain, Fnnict- and Jrt^laud, Defender of the Faitli^ and »o Fortb, and in the Year of uiir Lord One Thousand Hevett llundn-d and Fifry-Fivi*.

KOBT. H. MOKKIS, Ily f[is Honour's Caniniand, K i (4 1 H r d r e t e i*§i, S t m * i v t h ry *

*;UD SAVE THE KING,

To the Asseml^ly Concerning the Need of Furidii for the Completion of tfie Road to the Ohio, and for the Care of Certain Soldeirs' Wives.

GEXTLEMFX: Mr. Ann8trrni**» on wlu^sr thid{:^nM'ut uiul kind Assistance I have prinripally relied in the Pur- chase of Provisions and other Necessaries for the use of the Men emi)h>yed in opening and clearing the Road towards the Ohio, will inform You of the Progress of that Work and wliat still remains to be done, whence You will see that it will be attented with much greater Fxpence than was at fjrst imagined.

The Money sent to the Commissioners has been ex- l>ended in advancing small Sums to workmen, either to enable them to subsist their Families in their Ab- sence, or if living at a Distance from the Roads to bear the Expenses of their J(uirney there, so that the coun- try Peoi)le engaged h\ Mr. Armstrong and Mr. eJohn Smith to furnish the Provisions have not as yet re- crnved any Thing for them, and as many of them are not able to lie longer out of tlieir Money it will be necessary to ennble those Gentlemen to discharge the IVbts already contracted and to buy what will be further wanted.

LIO

Papers of llie Governors.

Tin* Vv\ve of rlin.% Provisions, and every other ma- tin-iul artjcle was r£'gulated on the Spot, in the Pres- ence of Mr. Peters, and the Representatives of the Ooiinty, who went there at my Instance for this and it her nerBssary Purposes, 1 malve no Doubt Imt tho* the Expence will be great |\t»t it will be chearfiilly borne and all done in your I'ower to have the Roads finis^bi^d with all Expedition; I lie General liavlng ordered that the Provisions wanted iTor the future SubHisitr^nce of the Army should be pro- jvided out of this TVovince and conveyed through thia pew Road.

The General has informed me that he has thought

|t necessary to discharge a Number of the Soldiers'

Kvh'os, and lia^ dr'^n-,H<i tht^v may bi^ sulisii^ti^fi in this

|rj'ovinci" till the End rd' \\n^ ranipaii^u, towards* whirh

ir has rtrdeiiMl a Stojqiape uf Tw^^lvt* Prnci/' StPTlin^:

nT wtH'U nut of Ihrir Jlusbajurs I'ay. but aw ihis will

H tn^ sallirii lit 1 rornTiiiiifihl it H> yoti to Ink^* rpTU

Robert Hunter Morris. 411

them in this Duspute, and are determined to opi>o8e General Braddock tho' it should require the whole Force of Canada. There is also great Kc^ason to ap- prehend that when the English Army is removed to a considerable distance the French and their Indians will fall upon the Inhabitants of the Back (.'ountry. and either cut off or greatly interrupt the Communi- cation between L's and the Army, which will be at- tended with very fatal Consetjuences both with Re- spect to our own People and the King's Troojis em- ployed for our Protection; And as the General upon this Intelligence will think it necessary to keep his Troops as much as possible together, not only for prosecuting his Plan but to defend himself against the Force they are collecting to oppose him, I must earnestly recommend it to You to grant such Supplies as may enable me to build some Strong Houses at convenient Distances upon the New Road that is open- ing to the Waters of the Ohio, and to maintain such a Number of Men as may be necessary to keep opt^n the Communication with the Army, and to escort the necessary Stores and Provisions to the Places wher<» they may be wanted, that the General may nut be laid under the Necessity of detaching any Part of his Force for that Purpose, which would uot only weaken his main Body and delay his Motions but the Detachments themselves will be liable to be surprisM and cut off by the French and their Indians.

I must also recommend it to You. (Jentlenien, by a proper Militia I-aw to i)ut this l*rovince into such a Posture of Defence that the Inhabitants may not be exposed to the cruel Incursions of the Kneniy.

If a Number of Men should be raised and su])])orted by this Province as these aiv by almost <'V(m y other Colony upon the Continent, they might not only serve as Escorts but might join the General if the Numbers brought against hini should make such a Reinforce-

Papers of the Guvtrnors,

eat necessary. But if those Tliiiigi* be? nat donf* amT e Army by beiag weakened ^shuulii be defealetl or iideied unable to perform tlie Servlcf? they are des** iiecl for, or should tliey be distrewsed for want of Hejfsary FrovisiouB, 1 am fearful the Uhitue will be id print iiRilly upon this Proviuce, an we are most imediiitely concerned and best able to prevent tUas^e J iscbiefs- "

When I consider, Oentlemen, the IHit^v We owe Ub ajesty and our Mother Country, who have sent these roops to recover what We have nuifered to be in- ided; When I reflect on tho Hej^ard We ouglit to ive for the Safety of those iMeu that arc* em ployed that fcJervice, how much the future Prosiierity and appiness of this^ <!'(juiif ry (lr[M'nds ii](on thr-lr !J^U(^<x^s^, id how eajty it will be for this l^rovinee, rieh and mrinhint^ as it is, to couh'ibute to that success by jur doing what 1 have now i-ei^omniended, 1 will not lifer mv6*elf to douht but th^n Yuu will enter imme-

Robert Hunter Morris,

413

ibeiii immediately to England and draw his own BiMb iw the amount in smh Bums as may suit iLe Traders here, wliieli he will do ni the highest Exchange; but Bills are so plenty here and at New York, by meana of Hbirley'tK and Pe|jpf.'reir8 Regiments, the Northern Ex IH^dition and Uol. ilimter*B Draughts, that 1 aiu fear- ful Exehaug^ will soon falh Before You reeelve this You will be informed of what 1 have doue with Regard to the Forage and ProvisioniJi, which I flatter myself will meet with your Approbation, I have done my utmoE§t and make uo doubt I shall have every thing Vou want in great Readiness before You will have Oeeasion for it. My only doubt h about Escorts, but I shall try to work upon my As trembly to keep some Men in Pay for that Purpose, for the Reasons 1 have mentioned to You in another Letter of this Day. As soon as the Assembly are adjourned and a London Ship just going is departed, I shall go into the Back ^'ounties to settle all Matters about the Magazine; and Y'ou may rest assured that every Thing that is possi- ble shall be done in the best and cheai)est Manner.

My Intelligence from the Road is that they are got ns far as Ray's Town, and I hope they will soon join ^"ou. If some Log Storehouses were built nigh the X^^'alls of Ohiogany or at some other more convenient X^lace upon that new Road, Flower and other Pro- "v^isions might be sent thither from the Magazine near ^hippensburg, And You might with greater ease be s<upplied when You get to the Ohio, but of this You are t he best Judge.

The getting Recruits here is become somewhat dif- ficult, as Shirley's and Pepperell's officers have taken l^reat Numbers from hence. However, I will try what c*an be done, and if I had some Arras the Recruits xiiight serve as Escorts from Time to Time.

The Women You have discharged shall be taken

Papers of the Governors.

Iin* of UK Huon a** fliev arrive. If 1 ran prevail on my ^Kenibly to rontribiiti* tiiiy thiiij;: to it, I am, 8ii% V^mr Kxielli'in-y H numt ubtHJiont and most liumble frvunt,

ROBT. H, IIORRIS. IP, S. — I mmd tifty fat oxen away to morrow and Hf ty |»n- iiL ten days to 81iii>pt*n»burg, where Pastures are uvided tolvtH^]^ Mk TM ilk ^f>od ordc^r, und from wbt^nee \M iiiay order tiu*m uh Yiiu may have oceasion.

[) the Assembly Declining to Lay before it Certain |<)rf!rT;i1 nnciiments Unlts^ ihe lltnist,' svill (iive u I ^[(.'fl^^u tinl In I ^tbli^h riu in.

kntij:mi:.N:

Ij 111 ;niK\v+'r (n ynnv Mi^ssji^f* ^if tin- Sixh*t*iirli In

Robert Hunter Morris.

415

hand Conimaods with ii^pect to the French, notwith- i^faodiDg my Desire that You would not; and wheu You were iofortned that I had directed the Printei-s not to publish those Letters, you were pleased hy the l^k^ntitute of your own Power to order them imme- diately to proceed to the Publication of those Letters^ which they accordingly did; and this You claim a Kiglit of doing as to ail Pap^n-s that are laid before Yon. After this. Gentlemen, You cannot be at a Loss for the Reason of my Caution upon the pi'est^ni Occa- Hi on — being anHwerabl*? for every fe^ecret of 8tate tliat shall be commuuieated to me by the King's MiiiisterB, or those employed in his Majesty's Berrice, and iuii and from the miture of my Station must be the sole aud nuly Judge what Ijetters^ or Paper that come to on bis Majesty's Bervice are proper to be made imb- lick.

I did not imagine You could be at any Loss as to t:be Assurance I expect on this head ; but that You may :i:*emain no longer so a Promise of the Houge, signified "by a Message either verbal or otherwise, is what I ex- :iiect, and whenever You will give it the Letter you desire shall be laid before You ; but till that or some- "thing tantamount is done You musi: excuse me if I do xiot communicate it.

As you seem to think in the Close of your Message ihat this is a trivial matter. You may waive it con- sistent with such Opinion, I who think far otherwise cannot do it.

ROBT. H. MORRIS. June 21, 1755.

rapcrs of the (Jovcrnors-

D tlic Assembly Incjuiriug as to the Amount on ham with tlic Trustees uf tht! Last Money Struck for, Exchatige,

J 1 am informt^l that matiy ot tUo Bills* of (>i*dlt iKiw f*iirrL*iit art' in a bad t'uiulition ami rf-ti(urt* i W exuLaiij^ed, but 1 (ttistrv*^ by tbi^ 8iMtk*rueiil of cetniuts at the Close of last Years priutei] Minntt*H lat the Trust tH^s of the Lcjan OHice then had in thdi* ati<l» the ^um uf Tbree TboiiKaiul Three Llutidred ui Two Pouuds Six ShiUioga and Eight Peoee of th** um'y forineily wtnu-k for exehaii^inj^ i'ag(^*Hl ;;n(J ^faeed Biilt*; tiierefore before 1 give my At;seDt to ir Hill now under mv Coneideration 1 desii'e to know luit Part of llu- said Sum iins been i/xrh;ni<ied sin^e i!- last Sj^tl lenient, iwid Imiw umuIi is now r(/nuiiT*!U<: tlie UiiTids of the Tnisli^rs,

mnvv, iL MOHius

1

kuberl 11 inner Morris. 417

upon iliat Flcml, and nJr^f*t^^lil^ to his RequL^st ivcoid^ riK'tiil it tu You lo fiill uiKJu Methods effectually to prevent suth si Tiarle from tliis Proviuee.

R()m\ HUNTER MORRIS^,

To the Assembly with Regard to the Bill for Emitting^ Fifteen Thousand Pounds in Bills of Credit.

GKXTLEMEN: I have re-cnmsiidered tlit' Amendments made by me to the BiU entituled '*Au act for strikiiij^ the Hmij of Fifteen Tliuus^atKl Pounds in Bills of Tn^dit and giving the same to the King's Use, and for provid- injr a fnnd to miik the Bills so to be emitted; And to adhere to those iVmendraents."

ROBT. H. MORRIS. Philadelphia, June 27th, 1755.

Letter to the Road Commissioners.

Philada., July 3d, 1755.

SIR: I have by this Po»t the Honour of a Letter from (leneral Braddock, who desires "that as it is not perfectly understood in what Part 3 our Road is to communicate with that thro' which he is now pro- ceedinjj to Fort Du Qiiesne, this may be immediately settled by Me. and an Express sent after him with the most exact Description of it that there may be no Mistake in a Matter of such Importance.

I cou'd have wished the General had enquired this of You by a special Meg>senger, but as he has thoucrht

27— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors*

opfr to write to Me upon llic lSu!»joct l tmmt refef III to yuur Judgm**nt. not hi4iig nhh- to form any u y own for waut of hiforiantion. I look it for irranh'il hy tlio Report that tlie Com- iHRUmerfi niadt^ on their Keturn from examining the >untry II nil laying out ii Haud to Mohongealo in ilm] oftt convenient phieo^ tiial the Waters or Mount intit* oij*d aduut, that Hutli Uoad nnmt in\HH tlie Turkey 3ot or Three Forks of Ohiogany, and that there eou'i » no Road ^o tu ihe Xorthward. If 1 am rlglH in la, then it ^hooM t^eem to Me that a» the (ifnieral's oad passes thro' the great OroBsings of Ohiogaiiy^ hhh is bnt Three Miles from \hv Jiitir(ion of the iree Branches, that from tlie Turkey Foot the Place here the Two Roads can beet meet is at the j^retit rnysliigw. And iliai Von iiiusi (ifM'n nud rknir y^mr Qud so far as ilia t. But if I am misttakea, untl yc^ir ¥u Experience with all the Persons of Jndi^ment [mg wiljj Vim, Von are ttt Name some other Phiee

ie

i

Rol>ert fhinter Morris. 419

faticm hHvvt»<*Ti i( aru) thiw I'rovincf?; atid yrm will^ like- wiee, take Care that tin* Proviiictf br* ikjI hiipo&i'd upon by unroasonabK* and t xfuiviiijaiit rrirti^,

I propose to be at Shippensburgh next Week, anii there You may write Me on any Subjr^rt jn whit:!! You Bhall think my Advice and AssiKtann* nerews;ary,

I'rny eonault togc*tlier iintnediately, aud let the (leii- **ral be inform *d by Express witli all pOi^Bible Kxpndi- tioii of the Place wht-re yuii will enter his Road, with Draughts and au exact Desenjitiou, and be sure to nientioD the Tjine when yon think you shall be there to I hi' General,

I am, Rir, Your mosit h'ble Hervt*,

ROBT, H. MOHRIR.

Mr. JameB Burd.

The other Commissi onfrs will eonsider tliiw a^ wioti.' to 'em.

4

Letter to the Governor of Maryland on State Affairs, Particularly Military Matters.

SIR: Having: suninionM my Ass^embly, as I wrote you, to meet me on the IJ^tli of June, and recommend- ed to them to enable me to comply with the General's Demand of Cannon Stores and Provisions for the Forts he should take or build, and the Garrisons he should leave in them so far as was proper for this Province, I am now under the Necessity of telling You that they have made me no Answer to those Matters, but proposed another Bill of the »ame Nature of those that we had contended about in the Winter, which, however, instead of rejecting I amended agrc^eable to the Act of Parliament for regulating Paper Money

Papers of the Governors,

tUe Nt*i|;liboiiriiit; Irovenuneiits. but tliej wepf^ sin splt^asM Hi il UuU \hty adjourned to the Isit of 8ep- luber without saying any thing to me iiijon the fad, or taking any Notice of another Messagtp I sent em upon Bradstreet's Intelligence. I Bend You my eKwajjes under tLiB Cover^ And hope jonr Pro vi net* id V'irf^^inia wilL for the Hake of the public, undi^r- ke to do tlie whole, and dejwnd upon being reim- iraed wlienever the Colonies are put upon u prop<*r loHng by rarUau^eut. and obliged to contribute eir (Quotas towards the General Ex]>enee* I am rifing to the General what my Assembly have not me ujion this Occasion, that he may not depend upon ly thing from hence,

I S4^nd Voij a Letter T had yesterday from Governor lii'ley (Who is since arrived at New York and gone

Albany), for laying an lumbar go on all Provi*!shjni!^

reetually to pn^vent any Supply f\om beiii|C carritd

tile F re aril F'leel. which You will see bv tliat lii:*tHT

f

Robert Hunter Morris,

421

! set out on Taesdiiy next to form it Magaziin* of I'rovi»ii>ntf5 in the hiwk |uHlbi of tliiy I'roviuce, yome whtae lunv b>bii»|)euslmr^h, i'oui»d which I shall set up Slime Sloekiidos to defend it af^aiiiyt the indiiinB and the Freiieh Wood Fi^hter^, who may otherwisie easily detitruy it. I have ah'eady there a large Quantity of I'rovitiiouB.

Since writiDg the above I received Yours by y*r Kx- |jii*ss uf the 30th of pJune, and eongratulate Von on ia*hat Your Assembly have done; Yon will see by tha 2!ii€^sages enclosed what mine will not do, and heitig ajdjom^ned in a very l>ad Temper I have no hopofci of thi?if doing any thing this Year^ nor iBdeed at all lilJ the Parliament shall interpo&e and put these'Ooveni' ments upon a Proi>er Footing. I was far from think- ing it a Bravado in the French that they w*ou'd fall upon and destroy the back Inhabitants when the Array Avas removed, but what was much to be feared, as they might b}" that Means cut off or greatly interrupt the Communication between the Army and the Coun- try behind them, w^hich must distress the Forces, And the Account You have from your Frontiers confirms the Opinion that you and I entertain-d of this Matter. Governor Dinwiddle writes me, as I suppose he does You, that He has ordered Ten Pieces of Cannon, with their Appurtenances, to be sent to Fort Cumberland, and from thence to the Ohio, which will be, in my Opinion, fully sufficient to answer the Purpose.

The King is certainly gone abroad, and I conclude from thence that we shall have no War unless the Operations in America bring it on, as in all jiroba- bility they will before the Winter.

An Express wou'd iiave sett off for you in half an Hour with the Intelligence of the Arrival of the French and English Fleets if your Messenger had not arrived, who returns immediately with this, and jne enclosed for Governor Dinwiddle.

■n.

^ Papers of the tlovcrnors*

I hMvt^ iUh ihiy vvi*vhv^\ a i*imfirTiu!tinri uf \U\* H*nrh ik liuiiMtiK ralliii|r irpun t|ji^ Hark Inhabitants, nil lliat upwards nf Twt-nty of the Peoph* an* mis ag near Fori ('iinihurliinil; that Rovcrsil ar*^* tlt'Htnm^d, id tlial Uii- Two J>a,V3^ tio lVrs*ins liuil arrived fmni te Arni>' at that Fort, wlurh makt^n it probable Mi a i*art>' of Fri^m h anO IndiauH are bctweeu the wo f'aoipw, jjikI will «*iHlrnvour lo ml otT Llit* (Van imiraticjH lietwei^n llu^ lahabihnitt* nail Ihf^ th^f-ral; ml a U4*ntk'mau at HbipjH'ii*^buij; v^iiyW it wa« rr irted that the (ttuonil Ijud but ;iO l>ay»' Provision

II h bhiu

I am, HV, with Rrt»at Itei^ard^ Your most obecii<*Eit & 08 1 bimible Bc?rv't,

Robert llnnter Morris. 453

riioufwind Ponud8 mid tnkli>|!: Tw(*ntv-Five Tlioiisand roumlH to tliemsiflvos, wiilch I aiut^nded^ aud thc*r*fby iHTeudiHl them !n so high a Degrrec that they adjourned theiiinelvef? in a very ill Tt^mper till the 1st of S**)) ti^nilior* and I have not thr h^n^it hopes of their doing iiny ihmg tliis Yeiir, nor indeed at all till tht* Oovern- ment !*hall t*ffectiially intorpoac, whirh that they may «4H>n do I Uiink we slmu*d jojn in representing tfiesH* blatters in the strongest Planner to our Masters, that a plenty ful lii ead Culony, rom posed one- ha If of for- eigners, situated in the Center of British America, may not remain open And an easy Conquest to any Invader, whieh, if it is suffered to do, the French l>y UH^atts of the Foreigm^Ti? in this Province may possibly ^Tibjeet tlie whole Continent to their Dominion,

You will «ee by a Message that m under this Cover how strongly I press'd upon my Assembly the keeping open the Communication with the Army, which there was Reason to believe the French wou'd endeavour by their Indians to cut off. But it had no Effect; And since they adjourned I have received Intelligence that the Indians have killed and taken Prisoners about 20 Persons, Men, Women, and Children, in the Back parts of this Province, and the People are all so much alarmed that they cannot be prevailed upon to go with Provisions towards the Army without a strong Guard, w'ch it is not in my power to send, as my As- sembly have refused to grant Supplys for that or any other Purpose.

Under this Cover I send you a Copy of a Letter I have from Governor Shirley (w^ho is since arrived at New York and gone to Albany) giving an Account of the Arrival of a Frc^ich Fleet at Louisbourgh, and recommending an Embargo to prevent their being supply'd with Provisions. In Consequence of which I have this Day laid an Embargo upon all Provisions and Warlike Stores for One Month or untill the Ac-

Papers of the Governors.

|jnntb? from tlie Eastward shall xmxk^ siirli Precaii-

)ti unnecL^ssarj. We have Accounts iq Town to be

[upended on that Adm*l Boacawtm was off St. Jobii'fi,

NewfiuiUflkmd, i>n the 'id of June, with Ten Ships

the J.ine and i^ixtfen Hundred Marines, three of

[s Ships being then missing; Since whieb we are

Jld thiU the whole VA are before the Harbour of Loiiit^-

irgh, ill which ai'e blocked up a French Fleet flnd

:>ur Tliousand Land Forc?s> This last Aceouot is

kiev'd, but is not so certain as the others,

I can't yet certainly learn how the Six Nations

land affected, or what Effect Johui^oti'S Treaty has

lid, t>iit hoi>e to hear soon; if they go ag'st Ua it w^ill

I'eatly distress our Forces in their March.

I am. Sir, with ^n'(sit Rcf^ard.

lUIKT. IK MOIHMS. h Hivrrnor 1 >iiiwi(blii'.

Robert Hunter Morris.

425

I am ill hopes Viv shall have as good an accoimt of the whnle as wTe have of the Two that are mentoiiieij in the Letters herewith,

1 make no doubt that Coloa'l Iimis has informed

vi#ij that Home JiKlians have been murderini? some uf

the Inhabitants near Fort Cumherlandj & givni j^on

the particulars whieh I have not >'et received; this

has struck a Panii.'k iato the People of the Back Part?;

nf miv Coimtry. and I expect it will be dithcull in

prevail with them to go with Provisions to the Koad

f utters without an Fscort^ which I have it not 111 luy

l*ower to furuishj not being eoabled by my Assembly*

Mr. Franklin tells me that the Thousand Pounds

ytfu have sent him will be Bufflcient to pay the Forage

liought my Order in this town, and for transpurliug

it to the Camp. He thinks, too, that it will be ^uf*

lieient to pay for a Thousand Bushels of Wheat that

X'on have ordered him to buy, of all of w\'h He tells

iTie he will give Me an Account.

That there will be wanting about Five Hundred X^ounds Sterling more to pay for the Forage that was Vjought & sent from the Back Counties. I have Three Hundred and thirty Bushels of Indian Corn remain- ing in this Town which I can sell again for what it ^•ost but do not intend to do it till I hear from You, xvhich I shall expect to do by the Return of the Ex- press, w^hen I shall be at Shippensburgh, and beg You A\'ou'd direct me whetlu^r any and what Forage must \}e laid in at Shippensbnrg, that I may give the neces- sary Orders when I am in that Country.

The Panick that has taken Posesssion of the People near the Mountains since the Indians have begun to scalp, will make it next to impossible to carry the Magazine farther back than Shippensburgh. How- ever, I shall judge better of that when I am upon the Spot, and fix it either at MacDowelFs Mill at Ship

Papers of the Governors,

itiurgb, ov at Bome Flare between tlieiu, a& 1 sliill k ^ill best UMSWfT the public Pur|K>sps, iiB Ej^preps will bring yon Lctlers from rolon'l aston that will let You Into the Progn^si he is iDg nmoug (he ludiann, and io whicb 1 ttiippose nxentious the Slate of Tilings in that Quarter, ^hicb I have had no AtH'Oiints for i»onie time fiir^

than all cmr TrnopH are in Motion; the culling till 8 reinforcetiiL'Ut of t^ix Battalions will put it of the Power of the Frentb to hinder ihe Ex(€U«

of any part of joar TMan, And if a War Hhoii*d he Oonse^iueaces of our Success in AmL^ncu, aod Colonies can be prevailed upon to ki*ep up the *ps they have at present Canada itself may liod Kiiiployiuent for next Siniiuier. am, sir J Your Exivlk^o uy's mos^t obedient & Tiui«t ble Serv%

liOim II. MOUUIH.

I

Robert Hunter Morris. 427

for one Month, or iinlill the Arroiin^s from the Fn^t- wnpci shall render nuvh a Preeuntioii no Innger iipet*s- ^iry. But as the Orders I have i*^«iiied for that Fur* pose will fail of their Effeet if the Vessels of lhi» Fort are suffered to eh/ar from the Ports in New Jer Bey, I must desire your Exeellency will give Dirot'tionw to the Custom House Officers of the Ports in your Oov ernnient upon Delaware River not to elear any Vessel whatsoever tielonglng to any of the Ports or Places within this Frovint'e or the Lowe^ Counties, and more espeeially such as may have Htorea of War or Pro- visions on Board more than are Keoessary for tht* Defenee and Bubsistence of their resjieetive Crews rliiring the intended Voyage. Your Excellency's Zi^al f(ir hi» Majesty's Rervire, and your warm Inclinatioos to SinMire tliese His fVilonies against onr natural Cuf*' mnes the French, are such that I need say no more upon the Head.

General Braddock, by my last Letters from the Oamp was within 20 Days' March of Fort Du Quesne, liut will be some time before he gets there, as the Indians have fallen upon and destrojed some of (he liack Inhabitants of Virginia, Maryland, and Penn- ^5^1vania, and taken several Prisoners; the Particular i^uniber of Persons killed and taken is not yet known. This will cut off the Communication with the Army, u.nd obstruct all Supplys that an* sent without strong Ooards, the supplying which must greatly retard the OeneraFs Motion.

My best regards attend Mrs. Belcher, and I am w'th ^reat Respect,

Your Excellency's most obed't h'ble Serv't,

ROBT. H. MORRISS. To His Excellency ('ovornor Belcher.

^$ Papers of the Governors.

Letter to the Governor of Massachusetts* upon ous Mihtary Matters.

PhiJadelphia, 6th July, 1

DEAR SIK: U iH with the Greatest Joy that I Coiigra You on the SuetL^ss nf his Majesty's Arui ployed for the Recoverv of Kova Seotia, and gives greatest satisfaction in the thing is thfi Plan was orijyrinally laid by Yon and carried on your Eye and Direction fill the Embarkation ( New England Men^ and &inc*e by your Direetio: Advice, And I make no doubt but the other Pa the Plan us they are erjually well laid will be e( yu^'i-essfiin, 1 ;ii]i iilsii ^^'] V imik li ri^jriin^i jii tht Nt'VNs <ii' Adiii'l llusr^nvrti's having tJiluij Tluin unty (Jim Shi] is, Thcsf liiin^^'^ I lliiiik wH! ln'inj Will' itv nh!i^r ihr h^■^'l]( [i in ^ivt^ up IIumt- Kiin

Robert Hunter Morris.

429

<tf tlioir Iiaviiig done ao, I have also permitted fJue Veg8€4 with Providons for tlie Fori-t^ at Halifax, and Two for the Troops under Your Cnmmaud, U> be cleared, But have suffered no other to go out of ForL This Measure, if it is pursued by all the Colon it% '^iil greatly distress the French, and our own Fleet aiud Force© may be supjdfed by sending Men of War to t^onvoy 8och Provisions and Stores as th^ jnay Want. ' ^

Last ^"ight I had by Express your Packet for yotir ^n^ and otbei'S for the Ueueial, whh*h the i#ame of- ficer goes on with this Morning. The Indians hnve been scalping on the back of this Province, Maryland ^ and Virginia, and have killed and taken between Thirty and Forty Persons, Men^ Women, and Children; l*ut I have not Time to tell you the r'articnlarfi. Tit is ^'ili render the Communication with the Army very difficult and a Number of Escorts necessary, which jny Assembly will not enable me to furnish. I am, with ^I't^at Regard, Dear Sir,

Your most Obed't & most h'ble Serv't,

ROBT. H. MORRIS, iiovernor Shirley.

^'^^nother Letter to General Braddock Chiefly Con- cerning Military Supplies.

S";

Carlisle, July the 14th, 175n.

I have this Minute the favour of Yours of the 30th of last month from ye la>st Crossing of ye Vohiogany, uiK)n w'ch I congratulate You, and hope ^his will find you in Possession of Fort Du Qut^ne. '^he opening the Road has been somewhat interruj)ted by some Indians who have killed some of the Wag-

430 Papers of the Governors.

<j;()iiers and People einploj'ed in carrying them Pro- visions, w'cli has greatly alarmed this part of the Province; and Mr. Burd writes me from AUegauy Mountain that .*»0 of his Men had left him for want of Arms. As soon as possible after the People t'lsit cscap(*d the Indians returned another number of Cat- tle were procured, And with a proper quantity of Flower were sent under the Protection of 64 Voi;;n- te(fr», who I imagine will meet the 30 men in their Way Home and carry them back to their work. A» soon as I am informed that the new Road i8 nii;:'\A joining your Kout, which, as I have wrote, I iniagim^' will be about the Great Crossing^ I shall simd fc^-*- ward a Parcel of Oxen, some Pork, and some Flowi^^^T, as much of the Two last Articles as I can procu -wv Wsi^gons to carry; and propose staying in this P:^ rt of the Province where I came to forward & seci^ re y(* Magazine till that be done. The Letter herew i tli I wrote at Phila'da, but the Bearer has been detail - el a long Time on the Koad on Account of the Mur,l ♦ I's <()mmitted by ye Indians, & in hopes of an Escort fr^"»Hi me, but for want of a Militia, it is not in my PoA*ft.-^*r. so \w goes round by Winchester, and may be s'> t«c time Ix^fort* he reach(*s You with the good News h* - is cirg'd with.

I am, Your Exc(»lh»ncy's Most Obedient & most h hit' Serv't.

ROBT. II. MORRIS.

To Jiis Excellcncv Oeneral Braddock.

To the Assembly Annonncinp^ the Defeat of Bra^'- (lock and l.'rti^inf^ Prompt Action for Defence.

MR. SIM:AKKR and (JKNTLEMEN OF THE AS sembly:

it is with the greatest Concern I now lav Ik^ fore you the nu»lancholv Account of the D(»feat of tbe

Robert Hunter Morris.

431

Fones under the inniiediiite Command of Oeii'^rul Uraddoik, wliicli yon will find ie attended with very i^ljorkiug Cj re u instances, the General killed and numt of the Officers that were in action are either kith'd or Mounded, the Uulk of the Men cut ofTj His whole Tniju of Artillerj taken, and Colonel Dunbar is now retreating with the Remains of the Armj to Fort Cumberland.

This unfortunate and unexpected chang^e in our Af- fairs will deeply at!'ect every one of his Majesty-s Col- onies, but none of Vni in &o seniitble a Manner a& this Provinee, which having no Militia m thereby k^ft i^x* IKijtttl to the cruel Incursions of tlie French and thi^ir harbarnus Indian8 wiio delight iu shedding linnian blood, and who make no dintinction as to Age or Hex, Ad fo those that armed against them, or such ai* they can surprize in their i)eaceful Habitations, All are alike the Objects of their Cruelty, Slaughtering the tender Infant and frighted Mother with equal Joy and Fierceness. To such .Enemies, spurred on by the na- tive Cruelty of their Tempers, encouraged by th»nr late success, and having now no Army to fear, 'ire the Inhabitants of this Province exposed, and by such inust we now expect to be overrun if we do not im- niediately prepare for our own Defence, nor ought we to content ourselves with this, but resolve to drive and Confine the French to their own just Limits.

This, gentlemen, ho^Vever gloomy the present .ap- pearance of things may be, is certainly in the Power of the British Colonies to do, and this is not only their truest and most lasting Interest but their highest Guty. The Eastern Governments have already gone ^ great way towards removing that faithless but active People from their Borders; let us follow the noble example they have set us, show ourselves worthy of the Name of Englishmen, and by a vigorous Exertion of our Strength dislodge the Enemy from our Fron-

32

Papers of the Governors,

ers, and secure tlie Future Peace rtiul 8ari'l>* tif !llP rovince, For we iiiny assure ournelvi*?* ihat wliile lej possasB the* Coantrie^ they have imjnstly neuod e never shall trulj enjoy either.

Allow me. tht.^refore, Gentlemen, to reftJima*-iHl U mv most »eroii8 Consideration the [UL'senl 81 ate nnd ondition of jour Country — tlie Dirnger to whh*h the Ivea and Prnj>erties of n\\ thos?iL' yon hnvt* lUMliM Ink* u > represt^nt wtand exjujged at this rritit*jil and nnd- [leholy Conjuncture, find to desire that jon wou'd not y an ill timed Parsimony by rrviviri^ any SfutUTst lat have bt*en in Di&pnte, or from any otlier Motive, xffer the People to remain any longer undefended " the Blood of the [nnoeent to be shed liy the f^vmA anils of Sava^^L^s, Tln^i-t* art* Meo (^noiiMtj in this povinee to protect it niirainRt any Force the l^^renclj in brini:. and Nn miners nf iln^m are willing nnd (le roiis^ tf» defend their C<mntry upon the iin'>5«:'nt On 11-

« ■

Robert Hunter Morris,

4Si

will doubtless if we do our Duty emplay their iitiiiost Strength upon the pre^*L*nt Oce^Rfiion, and heartily join ia any Measures that may be coneerted for our Coni- luoii Safety.

Phi hide) iihia, July 24 Ih, 1755,

r,ctter to CoU Dunbar, Commanding the British Forces After the Death of Braddock.

rhiladelphia, July 24th, 17r,r,.

[R:

^j I a in hrrirtily ronrern'd at the shoekiDjET Aceoi'iitet I have received of the Defeat of the Forces under the Immediate Command of General Braddock, at the Untimely Death of that Gentleman, and the many others that fell in y't fatal action. I hope this will fknd you returned in ^?afety to Fort Cumberland with the Remainder of the Troops, where I shall be plad to afford you any Assistance in my Power.

I did by Direction of General Braddock provide a

Quantity of Provisions and live Cattle for the Use of

t:he Army, And have now^ at a Place called Shippeas-

burgh, in this Province, Two Hundred and Twenty

barrels of Pork, One Hundred and Sixty Fat Oxen,

H.nd some Flower, the Quantity uncertain; And I have

in and near this Town Forty Oxen, some more Pork,

Bome Pease, & some Rice. If you should have Occa-

c^ion for any of the Provisions at Shippensiburgh you

^iU send your Orders to Mr. Charles Sw^aine, who has

the Charge of the Things there, and has Directions to

deliver any thing you shall order. He will also assist

any Person you may send in procuring Waggons for

transporting the Provisions to You. Rhou'd You want

28— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

\\vt of tlir Provisioius remaining hens uv any tViing in this Town, ymi will favour nit^ with yonr Com^

^dfi, Aiifl I sliaJl lal^L* a iMeasure in doing iiny Ser^ to You or tlie PuliHckj and am^ Bir, Your most obedt> and most h'ble 8ervt:,

ROBT, H. MORBia

liill. Dunbar.

ter to General Shirley Commanding the Troops the Colonies After the Death of General Brad-

|1:AK^ SIR:

*rh(' ilirl^isi^il Li'tlrrs \\\]] iui'iiiin \ f Mir Or

|lr;]l of rMir I'currs !nidri' <H»iit»t;il UrinMucU m^^iw

Robert Hunlcr Morris,

433

iherf are Dthen* that my the Preuih & Iiidhitit^ linr*d

the Wfiy on ea<Oi Side ;ind In the Front behind Iti*

fmnchmeuts, tbtit we knevr Nothio^ of till they fired

upon US. To be thus fiiir prized, and as it were siii-*

jounded hy ye Enemy without knowing that there

W€*re any near Us^, ar^nes an nnromniaii Neglect some

whei^; And the I*anif k nf the &^oh!ier» is not bo mil eh

to be wondered at. Tlie victory they have gained \s

certainly very coniiileate, iiavini^r taken all tlie Trsiln

of Artillery, Baggage, and Animnnition that was wi(h

the General, And obliged ns to make a hasty Retreat

and tn destroy the greatest Part of what was left least

It sho'd fall into their hands.

Give me Leave my good Hir to beg for your own Hake and yt of tlje rubliek that you won hi be eantious in every motion yon tnwkr lliat Yon may noi he sur- prized, for unless the Enemy can get some Advantage of that kind they stand no Chance. The Wood Creek, down w'ch You are to pass, is a narrow crooked Stream covered with Trees on each Side, wliere you will be liable to be attacked to great Disadvantage, and where the French will doubtless endeavor to sur- prize you if you give Or their Indians the least Open- ing. I imagine they will move from Ohio to oppose Y'ou at Niagara or in your Way to it, as they must now be fully acquainted with Y^our Design and no longer afraid of an Attack upon the Ohio. What their Strength at Du Quesne was is quite uncertain at least to Me, and from anything that appe«ars was very much so to the Gen'l, who seems to have had no Intelligence of the Enemy's Numbers, but to have held them in high Contempt, and to have been too sure of Succt^ss; Upon this Rock I am afraid he split, for otherwise how can we acc't for what has hapi>ened.

Y'ou will receive this by a special Messenger who I have sworn to observe the Instructions I have given him, which, among other things, are to take no Letters

^M	■	^^^^^^H
1	Papers of the Governors, torn Me, and lo nK^iition Kothiug of the Defeat ^ Forces, the death of the Geoeral, or aay otlier Ills til i-en relating to our Forces to the Westward, s to You or hi your Prestmce; I thought ttjis on ueeess^ary that you i night if you thought V ('(Hiceal lliis ^[iiltrr froui your own Forevs and rii^, or puhlisli vvlmt inirt of it Von thought tit. I he Death of tieueral Braddock the Chief Com- ' r cif y'r Eor(*i*s *lev<dveH ujjou Vou, and you will les^s rem>lve upon surne Pleasures to retrieve the tliat has been triven us, w\*h 1 am in hopes i^nf^iiu wfll Yet jiUow You time to do. I have Minid lay At^setulily upon yeOeeaBiou, And have iiotorr Ho4u flit- Distuv^s tlisil iliis Dt-fi^ai will iilMMi ilieir r^oMHiy. :nid Ilivt some lioprs tliar will lio souh'Uun^ U^\ ihiir iiwn Saf*'iy wli-t^- Mil' aiidi^r lih- IiiMiii'Jirr nt (hrir I'cars; Arnl \\ -huii hi iioL i*\ (* su[u<' i^xtM'rini is»u of i';ii^inLi Tw^^i
1	■

Robert Hunter Morris.

437

Kova Bcof ia Iuivl* ahvady taken tlu* Kreotli Forts at * 'htj^nerto and 8t, John's Kiver, and \vdv(^ Tran sports, Convci^s, ajid everything necesssary with tlit-ni, will it ftot lie t*iis> for tbeni to eomv imnuHliately to tiiiH I'roviiHH* hv Water, a ad an there is an open Wa^rijou Koail fn*iu lienee to within 5 niHes uf the French Fort, siiid iu? this Frovinee ^ New Jersey abound with Hurs**w, <.'arriage!#, iUittle, and l*rovi*4ion8, will it not ftf tliv besit and most etlectual way of driviuj;; the l»^ren< h from the Ohif), w*eh Yoifre sensible in a Point tht* Kinj;^ and Duke havo mueh at Heart* As to a Train we have here a nunil>er of fine Iron 18 Ponnders siiitl Strenfjth of Ilors**?t to transport them any w^hei-e; uiifl the new England Troop» have Mortars & shells M'ith them, and Aninnuiitlon may easily be supplied.

Yon krtow hi-st wlnit Terms thowe Meti were raised ' upon, & how far :all Curoumstances considered) it v/ill Ije right to (»mploy them upon this Service; if an En- couragement of Money will make that easy to ye Men, 1 am in hopes I shall be enabled to give them an addi- tional Pay, & mention these things to You with no other View than to give you Time to consider these Matters, for if our People, either in a public or private Capacity, enable me to do any thing to the Purpose 1 shall immediately write You fully upon these Mat- ters.

General Braddock some time ago desired me to raise him Men for the Two Regiments under his imme- fiiate Command, in w'ch Service I employed Mr. Bew- xill, the Gentleman I introduced to You at New Castle, and he has in few Days got 25 Men, and I shall keep him employed in the same Bervice till I have your Directions to the Contrary, And I take the Liberty to recommend him to your Favour in the Dispoisal of the Vacancys the late l^efeat has made.

I am sorry I have been laid under, a Necessity from the Situation of Affairs to treat of Matters of Buf'

Papers of llie Governors*

t 8iirh u timt% But flie f^sift^ly of tlie Colo :unl you ImvL* for llaati, and y'r prest^al bjertw ) on to thm an it done & will do tu irtmvL^tiipnr<'«. 1 iiiii» wUh great llt^trard. Voiir iTKMl idieiri Jiud unmt alTect'uate

KUltT. !L MOIIRIH.

x^Ut^ncy <i<.*tirrul Shir lev.

tnlily with Reg:ard to llie l^nprotectefl State of tlie Frontiers.

EN;

]n»t now rtH'c*iv€Kl iDfomiatlon from Pftrt ^ ml that roionH iJunhar tirnvt^tl ihi-rt? nii ^i with tlK^ AnuyJiaviTi^ about :ttM> wuiiiidHl Mi ddk*rH, and lUni hi* iiiti^ndtHl aa mmni ii» ^^^^ »« wnn'd ndmit, to niarrli to thffl City, for nh'cnd.v nuikijifx th<^ nc^r'-^sniy IHs|Misi t<'Ui(iVj(l of iht^ Army frota flic Fi-tmlierjs 1* Hiiik Si*itli*a It'll (Si entirely ex|>ofesod tn ^^-^' HH of tin* French & Indiarm, who ;in^-^-^'

h*^\v [ilia Virilni'V X* ^xW] hi^ t^Tii^iiiiri) rri^il

H

Robert Hunter Morris, 439

^iiritj, And therefore leeoiunieiiil it lu Ytiu In enable lUeto Dispatch a Ve8«ell to Englaod for that rurpo.^e*

K(IB1\ H. MOEKIS, Philadelphia, July 2Sth, 1755-

To the Assembly Recommending Certain Grants of Land to Persons Entering the Military Service after the Defeat of Eraddock.

GENTLEMEN: On the present EmergenLy I think it prosier on the part of the Proprietaries to propone ns an ad- ditional Encouragement to eueh Persons im t^lniW now engage and go upon an Expedition from this or the Neighbouring Provinces to remove the French from their Encroachments on the River Ohio, to grant the following Quantities of Land West of the Allegheny Mountains without any Purchase Money, and with an Exemption for the Payment of Quit Rent for the space of 15 Years from the 1st Day of March next, vizt.:

To every Colonel, 1,000 Acres.

To each Lieut. Coll. & Major, 750

To every Captain 500 '^

To each Lieuten't & Ensign 400 "

To every common Soldier, 200 "

The said Lands to be patented to the respective Of- ficers and Soldiers, their Heirs or Assigns, with<'Ut any Fees or Charges but those of Surveying, on Condi- tion of Settlement within the Space of 8 Years after the Removal of the French. And I do recommend to You to afford JK)me Assistance to such as shall in- cline to accept of the above Terms, and make Settle- ments accordingly.

ROBERT H. MORRIS. Philadelphia, July 20th, 1755.

,,. ot IV- Oovernors.

t SUte wUh Regard to *e

raddnck and Us

, ,,„ i,iW »Otb, I"*-

vcoouitt <>t <^

[e* of Povt l>«^^«f ;V t,., best V^tovmv

r tun ;;'.:-.■ ^'-^f .;;;:-- ^>-^/ri;

^

Robert Hunter Morris, 441

J

itantj and you will Bee by his Ltitter to me^ a Copy of whioU I bave the Honor to liifloee, that lie intends U» iiijirrh immediately to tiiis Cii^* into Quarters. But Jis tb«t will be leaving tbe French and their Indiam* finite at Liberty to destroy all tbe back Settlements in tiiiii rroviiice at* well an Virginia Sn Maryland, and a» ti»ey are Hushed with their late Buecess, and will bt^ eneuuraged by tlie Ketreat of the Army, they will tH4*- tainly penetrate far into this Provinre and lay waste the Country, as the Inhabitants have neither Arms nr Animuuitioii to defeud themselves^, nor are tbi\v formed into Militia for want of propf^r Laws, whieh 1 have iu vain endeavoured to pnt?vail on my Quaker Aa^ sembly to pass.

1 have infurmed (reu*l Shirley, who ii^ now ou his march for Ningara. of this defeat, which will be the means of his meeting with some resistance there than he at tii-st expected, as most of the Troops that were at Ohio will doubtless be drawn to the defence of that important Pass, And have called my Assembly togeth- er and recommended to them the taking Measures to prevent the bad Effects this reverse of our Affairs will have ujKin this l^rovince, but have no great reason to expect they will act with vigour tho' this Country is so nearly concerned. I am, Sir,

Your Excellency's most obedient and most humble Servant,

ROBT. HUNTER M0RRI5.

To his Excellencv Sir Thomas Robinson.

442 Papers of the Governors.

I.etter to General Shirley Respecting Certain Addi- tional Military Necessities.

Philadelphia, July 30th, 1755.

DEAR SIR: 1 5'e»terday received the Inclosed Letters, which Informed me that Colonel Dunbar with the Forces under his Command arrived at Port Cumberland on the 22d Instant, and T am much surprissed at his In- tention to march immediately to this town and de- siring; mo to provide him Winter Quarters in the Month of July. It gives me some concern to obsi^rve that after the (xenerarft defeat, which was a very extra- ordinary one, and the return of the forces to Dunnar's divisoin, such a panick should prevail as to induce an Army of fifteen hundred elTective Men to destroy all their Provisions, Ammunition, and Baggage, and make a precipitate r(»treat, when it does not appear that t]ic\v had any knowle<lj:e of a greater number of French and Indians than tivi' hundred; and it api)eai's full as Kxtraordinary to ni<» and every body here that the ColoiK*! should have any thoughts of coming to this town all this season and leaving the back Inhabitants of this and the neighbouring provinces exposed to ihe Incursions of the Indians and the Fn^nch at Liberty to draw all their Forces to Niagara, which th(\v cer lainly would not do jf an Army was kept upon the Western Frontiers, from which they would expect an Attack.

I laid these L<»tteis before my Assembly, who by a Message* hav(» re<|uested nie to use my endeavours to kcf*p those Troo]»s u])on the Frontiers for the Protec- tion of th(^ Settlement, at least till the winter season. Von will, therefon*, ji:ive me l(»ave to ])ropose to you to oid(M* that such ]>arts of the troops as shall not be wanted for the (iarrison of Fort CumlxMland be posted in the Towns of Ship]>ensburgh and Carlisle, and at

Robert lluntcr Morris.

44J

i>r near n place cfilled McDowell^B Mill, where the new Koad to the Alleghenv Mouutalns begine, at whioli places tbere are iiuiutior« of houses for the Boldiern, and where tliey rnu be mcII su]iplj'd with every thirg iieeespary , it being im rieotifal a Country as any In this Proviuee; shotild these Troops be permitted to come from the frontiers it will encourage the Freneh Indians to penetrate far into the Settlements, and 1 am aheady informed that all the Inhabitants beyond the Basfpiehanna, whiuh are near on(^ fourth of tlie I^ravinee, will Ininu^jiatcly qnit their FarmR and leaire thai Country to Ihe Merty of the Enemy. If this can be* preventi^d, with great subniiHRicm I conceive it onght^ and I am sure if your Excellency has no im- mediate Her vice for these lYoopH yon will order them to be poMerl in such a manner ns to afford Protection to so great a number of his Majesty's subjects, instead of Lying Idle in this City, where such of them as do not desert will be continually drunk. For this pur- pose I send this by express to you, and imagine Colonel Dunbar will be on his March from Fort Cumberland before you can possibly receive it, as he proposed to be at the Mouth of Conogogee by the 7th of August, and by the return of this Messenger may be near Carlisle, as tho Road from Potomack thither is very good. I do not conceive that his coming as far as Carlisle or Shippensburgh will at all hinder the Forces from being in a readiness to march to Ohio this fall if it should be Judged necessary, for they will then be nigh the new Road to the Allegheny Mountains, along which an Army may March with much more ease than by the Road that Gen'l Braddock took.

Among the othc^r things taken from us at the late Defeat were the Generars Commission and Instruc- tions, with all his Papers and the Military Chest with twenty-five thousand pounds; this will be attended with very bad consequences, as the money will enable

444 Papers of the Governors.

them to engage uumbersi of Indians, and as the vfWOL^^ of it will render the subsistence of the Army some- — what more difficult. T mention these things to voi^- that yau may take order in time about them, and if yoiat roil Id by Indians or otherwise intercept the General'^ |)ai»ers in their way to Canada it would be a Gloriuuf?K' thing.

Th(* more Accounts I receive about the Action th^-- more I am convinced that our Defeat was owing t<^ the want of Conduct in the Commanders, who 8ufFere^B_ themselves to fall into an Ambuscade in which they"^"

wer(» exposed to the Enemy's fire from all 8ide9 with^

out se(4ng them, and could only fire at their Bmoak^ » the confusion natural in such a situation made th^^^ slaughter more terrible, and the General and his Of— ^' ticers ])ersisting in the meu'S keeping their Ranks an^E^ firing in i>latoons gave the Enemy, who lay seciire^-^ "^ beliind Logs and Trees, all the advantages they coul^E^ wish, and 'tis said was one of the causes of the most^' ^^ shameful blow that (»ver English troops received, for:*: •r I don't find that any of the French or Indians W'»r(^i3^ '^ kilh^l, or that they had more than five hundred in th(=E^^ ^ Action, and some say not so many.

I am. Sir, Your Kxr< Ih^ncy's most obinlient & niost^" ^ humble Servant,

ROl^T. H. MORRIS.

To his Excelh^ncv (H)vernor Shirlev.

l.etter to the Justices and Sheriff of Ciimberlanc County Concerninc^ the Coming of Colonel Dim- ])ar and the British Troops.

Philadelphia, July 30th, 1776.

GENTLEMEN: (N)lon(^l Dunbar who has now the Command of*' the Forces at Fort Cumberland has informed me or his Intention to March them into this Province, and

/

Robert Hunter Morris

by the time you i\Heive liiis I believo he will b** in MotioD; and having reijuested him ta po^t part of hm troops at the Town of Carlisle and Shippensbur^, and near r jdace calh^d MLDowi^irs Millj for the protecniou of thi^ inhabitants of hisi Troy i nee, and particularly thorn* West of SaE nut* h anna, 1 must BtmngJy rerutii uiend it to yon to wail on hi in a^ soon as he comes in i>r near your County and atTord him ami his Otllufrg ill the Assistance in your Fower, not only as to them- *elveB but as to the Holdiers under their Command; md as it will be very Advantageous to your County i^iiould those troops be posted in thu manner I have ret^uested, I hope and expect that you will take care that ihey be as well as possible provided with Houses and every other nectrssary, and that upon the ino?3t reasonable TermSj for you may be assured they will Qot be suffered to continue there a moment longer than they are well used.

I am, Gentlemen, Your humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

J^etter to Colonel Dunbar with Regard to the De- fence of the Frontier.

Philadelphia, July 31st, 1755.

IR:

yJ I am favored with yours of the sixteenth In- stant, which came to my hands but three days aj;o, zxwd have since been informed by Mr. Burd, of your Arrival at Fort Cumberland on the twenty-second, upon which I congratulate you and hope the Oi!ic«^^ and Men that were wounded in the late unfortunate Affair are upon the Recovery.

As soon as I was informed of the Defeat of the

446 Papers of the Governors.

Forces under General Braddoc.k, I Summoned the .*»» — ' sembly of this Trovince that they might take proiie^cr Steps to retrieve the Loss we sustained in that Action. and tliey are considering of the means necessary tc=i> that end, and I hRve hopes that they will enable incE=^' to take some vigorous measures upon the present (>c==- casion, in which I have no room to doubt but the neigh— ^- , boring Provinces will join, and we may yet attemp t the I eduction of the French Fort on the Ohio tlii^c s Year, and probably be successful.

Hut then this Measure so absolutely necessary t^^o humble the Insolence of the French, prevent the erue— ^='1 Assassinations of the Indians, and retrieve the glor^_ "J of His Majesty's Arms, cannot be executed unles th» -^^' Army under your Command shall continue on tlu -^^' Frontiei's, for should you nmrch your Troops to thi S^^ City you must be sensible that the Grain of a plentifu^^-^l Harvest may be destroyed by the Savages, the Inhab' ^^^' taiits drove olT from their Farms, and all that extei: ^*" siv(^ and Kirh (^onntry which lies West of the Kiw-^ -'* Sas(|uehainiah bt* abandoned and laid waste, and i' ^" (•oiis(M|U(*U(e IhcTeof the march of the Army again*.''^'**'^ lh<» Frdich at Ohio either this Year or the next rei -^* chMc'd almost iiii]>ra(ti(able, as it will be very diflieuM^ '^ to supply such an Army with Provisions or the neces^ "^* sary Carria«;(»s when that part of the Country be.**?^''^^^ situated for such su])ply shall be destroyed, and Itr^^^** Inhabitants luMonu* a burden up<m the it^st of tb^c: ^^* Prciviiire.

Yon will s(»(» Ww S'use th(» Assembly now j»ittin -^^r have of this niatt(*r l)y their Message to me on tli^t^ ^*' head, which is inclosed: and apnM»able to their Requesrr=^=^^ 1 take th(* liberty to lay these matters before you, aiL-^*^" if th(\v should rcccivt* your Apj)robation, and you ^^ ^' clinc to th(» uu^asures pro])08ed. I request of you trf^^'^ ord(M' such parts of the Troops as» you shall not othe— ^ wis(» eni])loy to be postcMl on the great Road leadii^/

/

Robert Hunter Morris. 447

froai Patowniee to this City, at or near the place tailed McDo well's Mill, at the Towu of Shippeii&bLirg and Towo of Carlislej whieh are in a very plentiful part of this Province, and where the Troops may be well supply*d,

Some of the 1 n habit an tB of that part of the Coun- try have already left ilmv farms, and the better sort of tbt*m have been with me to beg that they may not be laid under the hard neeesBity of quitting their hab* Itations, or of being eacpoaed to the cruelties of iht? Indiana.

Wliatever be the dipJipoHition you may make of the Troop8 upon the present occasion, I shall he proud of the pleasure of your Company in thin Town, whtire it will be my endeavour to make every thing as agree* able to jou as possible,

1 am, Bir, Your mo«t Obedient humble Servant,

ROHT. H. MOKKIS.

To Colonel Dunbar.

Letter to the Mayor, Recorder and Aldermen of Philadelphia Concerning the Contein plated Arrival of Colonel Dunbar and two British Regiments.

In Council, 1st August 1755.

GENTLEMEN: I have received a Letter from Colonel Dunbar, who has the command of his Majesty's Forces at Fort Cumberland, informing me that he is on his March with two Regiments to this City, and desiring I will provide Quarters for about an hundred Officers and twelve hundred men.

I have used my endeavours with the Colonel that those Regiments may be posted on the West side of

Papers of the Governors.

Iin*hannah for thc^ Protection of the Iiihabitatits U^ l*j'ovJneL^ ai^alnti;! tbe IiiL-uraioo8 of the Enoiuy; I not know jug what sueeesa my Application may

witli I flunk it best to be prepared in case bi* [hi iiuu'cb here, uud^ there fore, desire you will

the nec^gsary proTiaions as well for Quarters a» lui Hospital, vvhi{'h by the Extract of his Letter |(.\ sent you here with, you see he thinks absolutely- issary.

liiLi, Oentlenien, Your most obedient and humble |ant,

ROHT. IT. M0RR18.

|c] t!> riionii^s IV-iiu rtinccinii)i4 the Si ale of th<^ I'iMvincc.

LLlii [.nlr h'tiNi. J lii s _:; l-^_f.

k

Robert Hunter Morris. 449

giving a more i>erfiH*t AitouuI of tbe defeat of the Fortes, unci maon^^ otiiera one from Oaptaiu Ovmt\ a Copj of which Tou Imve lienowithj relating the par^ ticnlart* of tbt? Eogimement, with a list of the (Of- ficers killed & wounded. From the sevpral Accomitu that are given of thai nnhappj alTair, there is reason to believe that our fortt^^ were surprized and ff^H into an Aiubuseadf* for Wivot of the precaution netCBwary in marchinir thro' an uninhabited Wilderne**e; That the General disspised an Enemy of whose streni^tli and situation he was not s^nJfieiently infornied, and ton- temp'd the Indian mannf r of tighting in a Conntn' vliere it ha« infinite advantatjes. But that you iiav forio your Judgment of this Affair, 1 t^end you all the letters and Papers that have come to m<* upon the head. What gi'eatly surprises me is, that Colonel X> 11 11 bar, who savf* the Enemy- s^ numbers were not iiir»rf* than five hundred, should with fifteen hundred ef- f e( tn'e men make a precipitate retreat, or rather flight from where he was at the time of the Action, and destroy his Provisions, Ammunition, and Baggage. This I say is what I cannot account for, as he cer- tainly might have defended himself there by proper intrenchments, or even without them, against an En- emy said to be much weaker than himself, and his continuing there would have had at least this good Effect, that the French must have kep'd their forces at Duquesne, which they are now at Liberty to employ at Niagara or to harass Shirley in his way thither, and the Army would in that case have been a protection to the back parts of Virginia, Maryland, and this Prov- ince; and you will sw by his Letter to me of the lOth Instant that he proposes even to come to this Town to winter Quarters immediately, which is en-, tirely leaving the back County exposed to the Incur- sions of the Indians, who will certainly destroy every

29— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

[g bey Olid the i^imsjuehantiah if tlitf people lahoulil

Mhen the Aiiuy retires, which I have reason to

Ik they will not, liut will quit their farms and

je in with theWniiy or immediately after them,

|pon this head I have seut to the Assembly, who

ruque^ted me to use my Endeavours that thosipe

]>s may be posted upon tbe Western Froo tiers,

bast till the wioter seasoUj and I have wrote to

|eral Shirley to give order accordingly, and I think

nu>8t for his Majesty's service in the preseut con-

|tuiv tliat those forces should be {iosted at Cone-

;*i% Shipepnsliurgh, and Carlisle, as they will then

[r a plentiful Cousitry, or the Western frontiers

jhlH l*rovince, whirh will be thereby secured and

iiejir tlie urvv Koad that is openM to the AMe-

liv Mnujjjuitis. ;inri nli>ii|^^ whiili ;my fcn-i cs lh;u

|l bi' r;nsi^(l fu! {]n' 0]mi) SvivIcl^ uiusl ^m, tllSit H>JS<I

iilirjHJy i;irt;vM wilbin about fiin^eTi m tW(^ij|\

ijf ihi' LkdjLc) liiai I III' ( M iin-^d fonk^ ;ihil is iintrli

Robert Hunter Morris.

451

oHVi-y whit'li 1 do uot expect will be accepted fruiii Iwhat pass'd with Mi% Fraukliu ]>revioiJB to the making it, wiU, I think put them in the wrong tit home, tbo' it should fail of having!; any L»ffet't upon the people here, which I imagine it w^iU not intiit^ly do; and if tiio offer could have been made up on the same terms a** in Vii'- ginia it would have l"ft them less room to find fault. I know uot whether I shall be iu time for a 8hip that ia bound from New York to Hull, by which I intend this to give you as early au account of this sad defeat as I caUj that you and ihe (lovernmentsr* may take }'our meauiires accordingly; but tho* in consequence of this 1 dt'feaf the Province i^ exposed to imminent and im- ntediale danger, yet no Dei>endence i^ to be had on the A»»enibly or people here for any Assistance of cojise* | rjUHUt^e, as they are lu such a temper that tlu* danger of tiieir Country iias uot the cll'ert upnu thvm that it ought to have; The principal thing they have in view being to distress you and your Governor into a com- plyance with them, or to oblidge you to give up your (rovernment; the foruier they seem to have laid aside the hoi>e8 of, and therc^fone bend their force to obtain the latter.

General Shirley, who was at Albany, on the 23rd, will find the taking of Niagara more difficult by Brad- dock's defeat and Dunbar's retreat. The great dif- ficultys and delays which he has met with in the course of his own and the Crown Point expedition in the Province of New York has made him thus late in his March, and probably may be the means of his miscarriage, but I suppose he has mentoined these things to the ministry, and I much wonder since there were things of such consequence going on in America, and a new Governor was named for that Province, that he Wcas not sent out in time.

I am. Honoured Sir, Your most obedient and most humble Servant, ROBT. H. MORRIS.

To the Honble. Thomas* Penn, Esquire.

Papers of the Govern orb, , di to TIic Owendnts and Six Nations Indians.

;ETnin:x, the owrndath oe tchanun-

datyiuigas:

Our fiood Frit* ml am] Hrutlier Hi'iimioyadj pn** i\ Jagr(*a to me iti tUt^ v\intpi% tilling int^ h%* vvsib ;ed with a Mi^Msai^v frotu name of the prmdjml ntwH of tlie Owejulnts, to aj4«fir<^ Hie En^Hssh uf Friendsship fur them nntl ahliorreiin* nf *lie ch Schemes, and tljat tln^y had n dt^wire lu come lee their Bretlireii, Imt would t'ome under Oroiiud EqjiK^ar at any place they «thouId appoint in ib«» ijj; they won hi qfive out at home that they were ; to trade, hul wlien Ihey were in the woodK I hey fl turn their Foreepi to sneh place an T f^hnnld np-

:ave thi» answer to hv diOivt^red to tliem by Aug

That his .Maji*sfy fiad fomTnitlitl ihc^ can* of

¥ar to the lioveriior of \"ir 11^10111, and I had \nBi

^ I , „ 1 ^1-. ^ A ^1,

Robert Hunter Morris.

pai»6able by all our frieodly India tiB, and have wished

for an opportunity of seeing tbem in tliis City. We assure ycm by this String that we are giad to see you*

Gave a String, Hrt*threni

We shall talte care lo give you some testimonies of our Affection; we shall cloathe you and supply you with a little powder and lead to enable you to hunt for your Subsistence* Brethren:

You may perhaps find it difficult to hunt, as so many Men are now running up and down your Ground*^, We expect you will continue to be our true Friends and tell us when you hear or see of any thing doiu^ against us. Good Friends a J ways tell one another every ihinfr that ran i\(^ thorn eitlier i^ood or barm; if they love one another they watch for one another's good. To testify our regard for you, and to enable you to continue Faitbful to us, we give you this Belt.

(lave a Belt. Brethren the Six Nations:

You have heard what we have said to the Owen- dats; we »ay the very same to you.

Your coming to see us after the late misfortune in the loss of the General and the Defeat of that paii: of the Army that was with him, shews that you still continue our true and hearty Friends, and we take this visit very kindly.

Gave a String. Brethren of the Six Nations:

You that are now here, to wit, Scarrooyady, Cashu- wayon, Froson, Kahuktodon, Attschechokatha, Kash- wughdaniunto, Dyioqnario.

You fought under General Braddock, and behaved with Spirit and Valour during the Engagement; we should be wanting to ourselves not to make you our

Papers of the Governors.

|v ackiiuwledgmi^iitM of your Fidelity and Assist- We st'c vfui r<*nKicler yoiirHtUves as* our Fl(*gli |Uoud, jnid tijxhi \ov wh lis if We were of your owd (I. liy lliis Hill wf* 11^1 urn you our liearty

vv a belt. ;uiJt 15j 175o<

lie Assembly Concerning a Bill for Raising Fifty loiusand Pounds for the King*s Use by a Tax All EstR tes. Real and Personal.

Ihi ;Mrs wt^r in vinir MrssiJ^rti of Yeslorrhiy V(*ii wili \\i^ }ur LnjiVi' \n i^hyrvxi' OiMl ill lUc Pr<*|(rir!;i 1 v iiuHtii: Mir In iliis « M»\ ^M mm lit llicn*

Robert Ilnnter Morris. 455

and Dignitj of Government, and to finable them to do tlie Duties of their Station,

2. For that liiis ExL»niption from Tuxes ariRtiig from the Nature of Government is enforced by a |H>6itive Lnw in this Province which expressly declares that ths* jiroper Kstates of the Proprietaries shall not he liable to Rates or Taxes.

3. For that tlie ProprietarieH by their Governor hnv-

h\g commented to a Law for vesting in the People (he

sole choice of the perHons to Aeses*^ and lay Taxes

in the i^overal Coimties without reserving to tlM^tri-

Hclves or their Go^Tprnor any Negsitive upon sueh

Choice, and this fonrt^ssiOD being made with tin ex*

Hres^ Proviso that the Proprietary Estates should not

bi.* TaxiKl, it will be very unreasonable to em power

«Tir'b pf^rsons by a Law without their [)reviou8 constant

to tax their Estates at Discretion.

4. For that it is contrary to the constant practice and usage in this and all the Proprietary Govern- ments upon this Continent, so far as I have been in- formed, to lay any Tax upon the Lands or Estates of lilie Proprietaries exercising; the Government by them- selves or their Lieutenants.

For these Reasons principally I made the Ameud- xuents relating to the Proprietary Estate to your Bill for granting fifty thousand Pounds to the King's use, 5ind I hope, Gentlemen, they will be sufficient to in- duce you to agree to those Amendments. Were the Proprietaries now upon the spot I know their Love and Affection for this Country to be such that they would do any thing in their power for its preserva- tion and safety, But as they are not here, I have on their behalf proposed to give Lands West of the Alle- gheny Mountains without any purchase Money and free from the Payment of Quit-Rents for fifteen Years to come, and then not to exceed the common Quit-Rent in this Province. The particular quantity proposed

Papers of the Governors,

In additional Eiicouragt^meiit for each Oftleer iIj^A \\vv j^ vxprL*ytsL'(l in a MesBage to you upon thar

KOBEHT HUNTER MORRIS

|iilndt4i»luu, Angusl tbu Othj lT5u.

[the Assembly Urt^iiig llie Establishnicnl of ^* Militia.

KXTLEMEN:

Your lofif? M Inswap* of Yo*»tenlay i^ now nncler^

[if\ riHisidt^r^itinii, ,ind 1 shall fzhr you an Atmwei' ;is sniMi ;is I liavf firllv vvi^i^hrd \]u* srnM':il piai li^ liMi III Hh' itHMn iiiur I lliink il my ]>ni> up ImiI \£Hi iInii (liis !Ni»\int-<' is still wttlmiii n y\[

Robert liimlcr Morris. 457

their Power to make themselveK Masters of the whole Continent.

As I have frequently recomiiiended t\m luatter to jou and have had no Answer from you, I iniisit uow desire you will give me an fxpliril unswer n\iim iht- subject.

«ROBEHT HlNTf^K irOKRIH.

Philadelphia, August 9thj 1X55,

To the Assembly Recommending Legislation En- aljling Magistrates to Provide Quarters for Troops.

GENTLEMEK: i'olotit-l L>uDbin\ rhe now ('omminidiT of lii^ Ma- jesty'K Forces;* \v tlie Wesiwtird, by Lett(*r of the Bixteeuth of July notified to me his liiteution Ut man h Uiofitf Troops to the <.'ity, desiring me to provide Quar- tern for Oue hundred Office ri? and twelve hiindretl Men, and on the fir.^t instuiit informed me thjit he should begin his March from Fort Cumberland the next day, and hoj>ed every thing would be ready here for the reception of the Troops. As it was quite un- certain what Effect my Letters to Colonel Dunbar to post his Troops on the Western Frontiers wou'd have, I wrote to the Mayor and Corporation of this City to provide the Quarters for the Men and Of- ficers mentioned in the Colonel's Letter, to which they have answered that they know of no Law that Authorizes them to provide Quarters for those Troops, and, therefore, have it not in their power to comply with the Directions I had given. As these Troops are marching into this Province, and whether they are come quite to this City or not. there will be a neces

|8

Papers of the Governors,

Ir of l^rt^vidiuj^ prnpia- QuarturB fur them and the Of- l^'is ihal roiiiiiunjd tlieuj, 1 inu^t iveoiumeiid it to y<m a Uivv tu enable the Magistrates to Qtiarter such hiH Msij<'sty'w (Hlk-eT'B nnd Soldiers a« they Marcli |j'(mi;j;h iiv tn*- }m8ted in any uf tl*e Counties or Dib- |et« within this [jrovitice,

rrhjR will 111 event all ConteBts between the Civil and ilitary OJtirerB, lu-tweeu the Soldiers and People, |il be a great meniii^ of preserving the internal peace the Province.

ROBERT HirNTETt MOBRI.S. iPUilftdelpliiii, Augufcit 11 th^ 1755.

huliaTis. iLiuL in T'lriicnlar. tlie {h\eii'lal<.

KNTLiaiKX:

Robert Hunter Morris,

To the Assembly Concerning the Bill for Taxing .\]1 Estates, with Special Reference to The Proprie- taries and Guvernor s Estates*

GENTLEMHN: ^^■hon l imii^ndf^d a nil s**Dt down to you tht^ Bill for rai>sing Fifty [hiHisiintl jjouikIk for the King's Use, I exi>t*ctt*d you would have returned it to ok* with the Amendments and informed me whith of thi:*m you agreed to, this b^nng the common and ordiniry Method in such cases; but you departed from this and desired to know whether I was restrained hy tbe Pro [arietiiri**!* from taxing their Ej^tate, and thf^ rf>at<omi for my opinion as to thai ntea^nrei and tho' this Ap- pHrafiou was Uiiparlhiint*ntary, and 1 believe unpre- cedented, yet upon this O era si on I indulged you there- m. and gave my Reasons in the niildegit Terms, on which, however, You have been pleased to treat both till* Pn jprietaries and ilyseJf in a very unbecoming Planner.

As you have returned me the Kill without the Amendments, and in your Message that accompanied it offer no reasons against any of them but such as relate to taxing the Proprietary Es-tate, I conclude ^'ou have agreed to the others. I shall, therefore^ con- sider the several i)arts of your Message and mako» such Observations upon and Answer to it as I think it merits.

Having told you that I had no power by my Commis- sion to hurt or encumber the Proprietary Estate, you take Occasion in your Answer to play with the words hurt and encumber, and having viewed them in dif- ferent Lights tell me *'that your Bill is intended to free the Proprietary Estate from Hurt and Encum- brance by removing the French, and that you are as much bound not to hurt or encumber the Estates of your .Constituents as I am with resi>ect to the Proprie

460 Papers of the Governors.

tary Estate;'' and have shewn as you think that the IM'oviso in uiy Commission does not prohibit me in the present ease; you then proceed to reason upon the (.lause Itself, and after producing a \evy good opinion of a formcT Council, Judge, and Secretary, as to a I>articular saying in the late Proprietary Commission, you very roundly pronounce that Proviso to be a Xiillity and not at all binding on me.

You must give me Leave to differ from you in Opin- ion as to the force of ilie words in that Clause, which, notwithstanding what you have said, have still the sauie plain and determined meaning tliey had before — every Tax in my mind being an Encumberance upon an Estate from which it cannot be cleared but by the payment of a certain t^um of Money; and I being ex- pressly restrained by my Commission from consenting to any Act that uiay encumber the Proprietary Estate, every unprejudiced person will see clearly that my P(»\vers do not extend to the present case, and that if 1 acceded to your Opinion I should be guilty of ai manifest Breach of Trust.

As to ihe validity of l^rohibitory Clauses in the IMoprietary ('ommissious, I am not fortunate enough to (ompreheud the Force of your Keasonings uj^on this Head, wliich are drawn from the fourth Section of tlie Royal Charter; for though by that Charter power is j;iven to the IMopriotaries, their Deputies and Lieu- uuanis, to niak(* Laws, yet it does* not alter the Ke- lation which by Law subsists betwcHMi a principal and his Deputy — I lie Intention of the charter in that par- ticular being no otlu»r than to impower Mr. IVnn and liis Heirs to aduiiuister the (Jovernuient by his and tluMr Lieut(»nant or Deputy, which being a Judicial Office he could not otherwise have done, and so far is th(» CharttM* by its general Tenor from making the Deputy ecpial to or indei)endant (»f the principal that it makes the Proprietaries alone civilly answerable

Robert Hunter Morris, 461

fur what is dont* in ilu* rrovinro, wbether bv tljt'i.i- »elvi*s or their Lieutenaiithr, whith would be tiiijnf^t If the Lieutenant hy the Charter was equal in [jowerj iiidependi^jit uf and uneoritroulahle by the person tliiit appoints^ & is answerable for liia Behaviour. Tho* 1 niiuw the opinion protbired to lie good as to the point then undi^r rnjisiileralioiu yef it in not applieabh^ to all ca^6* whieh vonr Arguments without any fonn diitioQ suppose, and iii the president one there 1» a wide ditTerenee, obvi^um lo every one who considers thetn both with the lea^t decree of Attention, beeause that Ktivini^ was even n^Hervin^ a power to th** ProfU'ie+ai-y in his own iHU*son to repeat a I^aw whi(*h lie by his Lieutenant hi id tonsen ted to, whereae in the pn*«eiit rawe the rebniction amuubt^ to nothing more than a reasonatvle Prnliibitiuii upon their (lovernorti as such from passing Laws to injure their Estates*.

I cannot lielp observing that you formerly lised tliese Arguments against the Validity of Royal In- structions, and using them now to destroy the Force of Proprietary Prohibitions you would, it should seem, be willing that the Lieutenant Governor should be independent of every Body but yourselves.

You say ^*That the same Proviso restrains me fiom letting or selling the IM'oprietary Lands, and yet I pro- pose to give away six or seven hundred thousand Acres upon the present Occasion, and seem vastly sur- prized that I should think myself restrained from in- cumbering the Propri(»tary Lands by Act of Assem- bly and yet at Liberty to give them away, for if, say yo]i, the grant of Lands contrary to such Prohibition would be valid, why not the passing the Bill for a Tax?" And this you call a question you cannot solve. It is something very extraordinary that the Repre- sentative Body of Pennsylvania should know so little of the Affairs of the Province as never to have been informed that the Governor grants the Proprietary

2 Papers of the Govenmrs.

iUila uiutir n rertwln i>o\vi*r of Athiriu^v n*trulaflv <jvt*d und n^t^tirdrd, rnlliHl n Ci^mmimam ut Prop- [y, Timl i\m jiowlt wjib fornu?rIy v£«tnd in prirritt' rsbns, but for Boiiie Year» pimt 1jji» bei^ii givi'ii t*i f* GovcniorH, nnd lK*injr tlio foiuKintion of prapfHi nuot be iinkiuiwii ta any tbe b^ant aniimiintpd witii e CiiTiJtn^tuiict'ti of thf* Provinct*, And to ank n WsitUm or two in niy hiiu, Jiow eould >iiii Ibhik tbat R LaiidR in this Proviiun* vvf*re granted mid**r Ibe wer8 of n CouimisMion that expre^**l3 prohibit** ih^ niHitig of any? Or tiiat t\w pco[>k* woiiUI be m >ak an to givi* Money for LandB and take Titlt^ under Hi a dtftctive |Knv*?r? As to the proiwBal ibst^tf, waw ma dp wjfh a c^ood intention, and an 1 am ae- uiilal)li^ \ty ili(^ l'i'opii<*hirif*fc4 for niy c^ondurt nod^'i- a1 t '(nnniiH8io!i nf prnp<^rty, yon may be as>*nri*d I 1 nnl n*;iki^ il widioiif ] proper IViwer to carry it i'lto t(*tMiliini, ami hnd you raiM<*(l Money for an Exp*;'di-

4

Rohert Hunter Morris. 463

may hi* m, hiii liow does it appear they are fqunlly j*(iod? It it* \t\iihi fliCY are not ettnally oonveniont, bt^rauiie of their greater dif^tauee from a Market* Tbo Quit Ht'nt ill Virginia, I sauppose, was the f*fune for* ijurlv xUnt i^ now* and yet rery great numberif^ htive vhoBtn to pii rebate Landn ia this Province of the Proprietaries at the nite of Fifteen pounds ten Hbilh lags per CVnt.* rmd of private Men at a mueh higher price, and in both rashes under the Quit rent of Fonr Hhilling^ and two |jenee Sterling, when they might bave had them in Virginia for much lews; and the pro- jiosal oil gilt not to he (Hmsidered by comparing it with oHier Provinces, but v;ith the Rate that Lands have for a nninber of Yearj^ past been soUl at in this Pro\^- inee, «ome of tlieni hitely in the new purehasie within ft^w SMh^n of the AHej^heny Mountains and stivers very i^MHote, without any Road of Communication with this City, which is not the Case as to the Lands ;^ro- posed to be given, there being a very good Waggon Itoad thither; And notwithstanding what you have, said upon this Head, T am convinced that if you had enabled me in conjunction with the neighbouring Gov- ernments to have sent a body of Troops into that <^ountry, an offer of Lands upon the Terms above men- tioned w'ould have had very good Effects, and would have induced many to have gone and become Settlers there that would not otherwise have thought of doing ^^ither, "and by that means have formed a Barrier for the Protection and Security of the Province, and, therefore, I cannot but be astonished that you should have taken so much pains to depreciate it.

And now having effectually removed in your Judg- ment my greatest objection to passing your Bill, you proceed to consider my Reasons in their Order. And to the fii-st, that Governors from the nature of their Offices are exempt from the pacing of Taxes, You take a very nice Distinction between the Proprietary as

Papers of the Governors.

i^'iier of Laud and tin* l'roprietar;i' a» Chfef Oiireriiftr, id my *\vou do not tax hiin as Governor hut a** a and Holder aud Felow Subject/' Though thi« ii$ a istinction that be liaa no Existence in Law or Kr^a^ m, jet 1 8b all for ibe present admit it and ronHidr^r

accordingly. Have the Proprietaries a Itigbt tn ote in the olectiou of Repie^entatives as Land Ylohl 8? surely not, beiup: hereditary (lovernors of tb** rovime and having^ a Voiee in the Legislalurt.* bv leir own particular Kepresentative the Govenior, ow, t!ien, ranie you by a light to tax tbem an fellow- ibjectH iiml Land 'Holders, seeing they had no V uicc

elinsiug jou. nor were ontitled to any tbo' owm^rfi

binds in every County? From the very princiy)leji, lert'fcue. *>f tln^ Mn^jlish ( 'ons(i( aiiuii. you liavt' lay Mfhl to tax tli*^iu an Freeholders tiv F('Uow-Subj(*<rs

yon eadU Jheni* If, therefore, you tax tbeni at n\\ it UM be aK Pioprietai'ii^s A (Miief riijvi^rnorH, whirh

Mmi *»ii1i- rf '-m+j p-H I- Itv- ^\'lr"H>}* f hm' 'iiT^d f*^"nirn'4r*f till n^Jtli

Robert Hunter Morris* 46$

would iu8iiiiiatt% givm to the Lieuteuant for dolug the l>ut^v of the priiR'i[>«l; the Chief of them are pub- liek houiie Lieeiieei^ wbieh were originally gmuted by ehaiter, not by any Concession of the People (tho- you from time to time have* taken il for gi'unled to be so), and in fuvoiir to them, as former Governors took nmeh larger Hum» for this Her vice, moderate Fees have been consented to be fixed by Law as ConsidcratioriH for the bui^iue.s5i done, not as su file tent for the support of Cjovernment, all the Fees and peniuisites v^hereof do not amount, eommnnibus Ann is, to more than a Thousand Pounds.

As to the Land tax Acts of Parliament you refer to, tht*y may \n^ aw ytm say with respect to the Crown's Tee Farm Kenliji^'but I do not conceive they amount to a proof that the Kmg pays Taxes, all taxes what- ever being paid to him, and there seems to me an inconsistency in supposing he can both pay and re- <eive; I take the Clause you mention to have no other im^aniug than to appropriate part of the Revenues of the Crown to one publick use which we before ap- propriated to another, For I must observe to you that the King can have no private estate, but from the Dignity of his Office holds his Lands in right of the Crown; And another reason why a poundage is col- hnted upon the Crown^s Fee Farm Rents, may be that the Land tax should not fall heavier upon the other lands in the same Hundreds or Districts as the Quotas of each were long ago settled as they now stand in the King's Books, and cannot without con- fusion be altered upon the Crown's acquiring Lands in any of them.

And upon this you i>reak out into a lofty Exclama- tion, "That this is not the first instance by many in which the Proprietaries and Governors of petty Colo- nies have assumed to themselves greater Powers, Priv-

30— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

les. Immunities^ and Prerogatives tlifin were ever

L^d by tlieir Boyal Master on the iniperial Tbrone

Ul his extensive Dominions." I must acknowledge,

iitlemen, that thes^e are sounding words; but w^hat

l^taiires among the nianj can you give of that as*

ing Behaviour in your Present Proprietaries?

[ve they ever elaimi?d any Uights or Prerogatives

(granted to them by the Royal Charter, or reserved

that of their Father, under which you ait? Can

111 lay to their Charf^e, during the course of a long

I mini strati on over you, one act of Injustice or Se-

■ity? Have they even txercised ail those powers

lith by the Royal i 'barter thej might legally do,

Irl to which t1mt Charter requires the People to be

ledlfut? On the ^'imtrjiry. havi* they not ^iven up

Mic S'ri>]»l(^ niJiuy Miiii«i> lliey had a rii:bt hi [u^'^^\

ntu\ indul^i il Ihrin in 'viMV iliin;^ \]\:\\ tli(\\ jmlju'd

Ihoir IxMU'lirV How just is i!, lh<*n<ron'. ^i^uMt-

|(i;Tiriisr ibt-iii nf ;issaniir^K p^>\Mrs and pn^r'n^a

Robert Hunter Morris* 4O7

ceedlngt* J.1 »<Hr-ot fiom the Crown, with inariv atii- ftm tmkugwQ to an English Constitution, and nt^vi^r hmtd of in the other plantationB in America. Who, tht^refore, can be so jtistl} accused a« yoniselve*? of UB^uming unwarrantable Powers, greater than wore ever claimed by a Brilish OouBe of Parliament, or tci use yonr own Words, ^'hy your Royal Master on Hie Imperial Throne of all his extensive Dominion^,'' who pretends to no i>owci^ but what the Constitution gives him, and dischiimB a Bight of dispenjiing with

J 4a WE*.

To tbi'se Eneroachnjents on the Constitution you give the saured name of Privilege j and under the mask of Zeal for the publick conceal your own Bchemee, pretending they are all for thu benefit of the People, when they can answer no other purp^Ts^e but to encrease your own power and endanger the just Rights that the people enjoy under the Royal and Proprietary Charters/ by making it necessary for his Majesty and a British Parliament to interpose their Authority to save, the Province. The people have no way so effectually to secure themselves in the enjoyment of their Liberty as strictly adhering to the constitution established by Charter, making that the Foundation and standard of their proceedings, and discountenancing every Deviation from it.

The second and third reasons given by me, and your answers to them, being deduced from the Law for raising County Rates and Levies, I shall consider them together.

I do not see why the Proprietary Estate in 'each County is not benefited in common with other Estates, and by the same Means. The Proviso, therefore, re- lating to their Estates was not inserted because he had no benefit by the Money raised, but was properly a .Condition upon which his Governor consented to vest the whole i)Ower of chusing the Tax Officers in

Papers of the Governors.

[»eoiilL\ iind m dr»elarative of the Rif^htK of big itioii, of which the People in genera] might be lorant, think witli you thnt the Proprietary Tnx wotild oot niort^ lliaii an hundredth part of the whole; but mot, thf^refore, admit that if he in taxed he aho^ild f^xchid^^d froui any Voire in the Choice of those h)o\veivii to tax him, or that the Votes of his Oflfi- rs ID their own Ri^ht eau malte the AssesaorB his Ipreeentatives; nor 'an I eas^ily conceive that a Neg* tvo upon a choice is half the choice of indeed ?iny Irt of it; but as \Yhat you &ay upon this Hf?ad has Iry little Ar^nnientative Force, I shall not dwell Inn it but say something aa to the Law itself. Il'rnui tlu^ Tcufu- *^f ihe Art it api>ear?^ to Tiit- to be ii'ii<]('d iiiki urfcly fur hkviu^^ and raisni^^ 'I'aN^s in If ray Hk* iKMi^ssary i'Ii;itih's m\ fVt^ry Tounty. \tu: fo t\\U* (lu^ lufuli^ nf rai^hiL: M'Hiry npiin all Ocrjisioiis: liif'f Is Itu* th:innrr fif flillKiu^j: (*niiMnisKitint*rs, vs

Robert Hunter Morris.

469

pose of all Money that shall be raieedj that being no part of the Cliailei'j bat must depend upon the Legis- lature that raises it, who may reserve the Disposition ' to themselves, give it to you^ or any body else they think fit.

And here I cannot help taking notice of an Expres- siou in your Message, That you have allowed nu* a share in the Dispositions of the Fifty thousand pounds. I« it from you, Gentl<*inenj that 1 derive the right of governing this Provinee, or from your Allowance that I have a V^oice in the Legi*^lature? Are you the Bov- ereign Disposers of l^ovver? Have you a Bight to givo and take away at Pleasure? H not, whence that lofty claim i>f allowing your Governor a share in the Dls- poaition of Publiek Money? Is not the whole prop-_ erty of the People subject to the power of the Legijd lature, and have I not a voice in that Legislature not derived from or dependent upon you? And how came j'ou, therefore, by a Right to allow me a share in the Disposition of Money w hich cannot 'be raised without my Consent? Such Language may possibly be agree- able to your Notions of your own superlative powers, but is not justified by the Constitution established by Charter, or any Rights properly belonging to an Assembly, and your claiming such power shews the Extensiveness of your Plan, which is no less in that Respect than to render yourselves independent and assume a Superiority over your Proprietaries and Gov- ernors, a plan you would not fail to carry into Execu- tion were your power equal to your Inclinations.

The Proprietaries do not shrink, as you call it, at the payment of a small sum of Money, nor it that the Motive for insisting on their Right, they having by me offered much more than their proportion of this Tax can possibly amount to, but to preserve the Rights of their Station, which if they give up whenever they are demanded, as Claims will never be wanting, they

Papers of the Governors.

til very soon bt* niilpt of every thing tliey liav^^ a

L^ht to t'njoy, bo til [jowet and propei^ty, IVuur Answer to luy fourtU Reason admits that »ax^ 1^ tLe Estates of Projirietaries U contrary tu the' lii^re aiul practiee in this and other Oovemment!? by lyin*^ that Cuskjiii and Usai^e against Keason m\d listiee ought to have but little weight. But I do not liuit that reason and Justice are on your side of the liestion. On tbe (*onh'aiy, 1 think I have sht^wn tht\v iv with me, and looJi upon the Usage and Custom ae |strotig evidence that the Legislatures of this * * * and other J*roprietarj Oo^^i'nment» were of Iv Opinion, and I am very much concerned, Genile- len, that you shonld thi** Time of imminent danger, DiKii \inir ruinniy i^ jn^Jl(l^(l. rn ititiiKliire a n'M\ iunl [l ranrdiniii y f'laim jn iIk^ prvjiidii-e of pi^risons (liiit abi^iMit. wlirii y*ni LiHiw ibut, lio\\rvri' lii^bt >nu IV lliiak If. r lunr noi In my piiwi-r to ruiisriH In

Kobert Hunter Morris* 47 1

Prorince id to a posture of Defence bj establish log a Militia, which ih putting the Bword into the hand* cjf the pt^ople for their own securitj? And where can It be trusted with more safety to themselves? Are these Impositions or are they abhorrent to common Justice and Reason? 1 havCj it is true, refused to giYe my assent to some Bills proposed by you because they were contrary to the King-s Instructions, and amend- ed others to make them agreeable to the Charter and consistent with tlie safety of the People by lodginiic the Disposition of tho pub lick Money in the Hands of the Legislature, and from this, which is no more than a due Obedience to the lawful Command?* of the Crown and the free Exercise of my lieaijon and Judg- ment in matters of Legislation, ara I branded with Infamy and Reproach and t^at up as the object »' a People's Resentments.

I am not, Gentlemen, conscious to myself of having done or intended to do any the least injury to the people committed to my charge; and the Man that has been oppressed or injured by me let him stand forth and Complain. Who is it in your Province that does not enjoy the Freedom of his own Religious Worship? Whose Liberty have I taken away, or whose property have I invaded? Surely if I have taken advantage of the people's Distress and of your regard for your Country to force down your Throats Laws of Imposi- tion, abhorrence to Justice and Reason; If I have done or attempted any thing to deprive the people of their Liberties and reduce them to the abject state of Vfis- salage, you will be able to point out some Instances of these things; and I call upon you to do it if you can and make good your charge. It is not to the people I am hateful, Gentlemen, but to yourselves, and that for no other reason but doing the Duty of My Station, exercising my own Judgment as a branch of the Leg- islature with Freedom and Independancy, and kf.ep-

ra[>er5 of the Governors. Ig you iiH fa I- as it was in my power to the Duty of

Had you really any tenderuess for your bleeding liiititiy would you have acted the part you have lui*? W ould you have looked tamely on and see the peiu h seat themtst^h^ s within your Borders? Would |u have «ufl'eri d them to encrea»e their Numbers and Iriify theniseht-fr in a place from whence in a few liys they may March au Army anionic thu Inhabitants? rould you have bwn deaf to all the aJTectionate raniinj^s and Calls of his Majesty^ the faithful tiuar- Ian of his people's safety? and woultl you have re- \mHl the proper, necessai-y, and timeiy Assilstance to |i Army ntmt to [»rotect these Colonies*? or would |h] 101 vv when th;il iuuiy is d(fea1cil wiisle your lijui-

<lis[H!iii]p ahiMM ucH\ iiinl fxtraoi diuury (Maims of |iiH' nwu ijijsiii^ >^ln'n ev^rv hisul ;in<l hint*! ^linoM (■m|fht>ril I'nr \\\i* |iiihl)(* Safely.

I hiw r\ (H". < Sriit IciniMt, In t iiiu'IikIi' Irl lu** i*uTTi*a I Y<ni

Robert Hunter Morris.

473

n^o the Assembly Declining to Approve the Taxation Bill Except with the Amendments Suggested.

GENTLEMEN: lliiving aiuetided the Bill for raiKitig Fifty thou^ Hand poundis, and not being jet satisfied that it in iti my power or eonsietent with my Trust to pa^s it without those Amendments, whatever I may bt' when I hear what jon propose to say to me upon tho Head, I think it necessary in answer to your Meai^^iig** of Yes- ti*rday to inform you tliat 1 do adhere to the Amend- ments made by me to the said Bill.

KOBERT HUNTER MOUBI8. PhJladeli»hia, Angust 14 th, 1T55.

To the Assembly Inviting Attention to the Imminent Defenceless Condition of the Frontiers.

GENTLEMEN: 1 have received from Colonel Dunbar an Answer to what I wrote to him about posting part of the Troops under his Command upon the Western Fron- tiers of thi» Province, in which he tells me that he is willing to employ them in the best manner he can for the honour of his Master and the Service of the pub- lick, and enclosing the Opinion of a Council of War desiring me to meet them at Shippensburg where they would wait till I could join them, that proper meas- ures might be agreed upon for the publick Service; and I should readily have gone thither for that purpose had I not received a Letter from General Shirley in answer to one I WTOte him retiuesting his orders for employing the remainder of the two English Regi- ments for protecting the Frontiers of this and ihe neighboring Provinces, in which he tells me he thinks

Papers of the Governors.

his Majesty- fl Service to employ these Troops [er way, ns the populous Provinces of PeuEsyl-

Maryland, and Virginia are able to protect lown Front ieifi u]jon the present emergency, and^ |Tore, has sent orders to Colonel Dunbar tinker

to me to inarch liis Troop*^ to this Cltyi which I |f or warded to him.

as the March of these Troops will leave ihe

»rn Frontiers* exposed to the French and Indians, Ilk it is niY Duty to communicate this matter to [hat yon may as soon as possible make Provision lip Security of the back Inhabitants, and for the

Mence of the Troops during their March through

^r<i vui<i\ ^vhirli may prevent j^reat Mii'liii^fs fn ■copli' inlnibitiuL; in'nv Ihr lioad from Slii]>pcTis I t(i litis Town: and T hmrlily rt'coiDmciiil llnse

■IS T(f }iuiv rniisidt^ratiou-

ifnT^y:irr rirNTKi? MtiKRis

I

Ro])ert Hunter Morris. 475

st^t out from th<? French Fortj with demgQ to fall upon smd dc^tro^^ the Inhabitants of this and the DL^ighbour lug Provintes, You iiave, Gentlemen, thi» piet'e of int^lligeneo as 1 received it, and will form your (mn Judgment of the Truth of it. For my part I think it probable, and therefore recommend it to you to lake Immediate tlinnj^ht aliout it. aw the cou8equt?nee will bt* very temble to the Inliabitants if thif* aeeounl be true J and it ean do them no injury to be upon their Ruard if it should prove false.

R0B1\ H. MOHEIH. I'liiladelphia, August 15, T755,

Speech to Certain Owendat Indians,

BRETHREN, THE OWENDATB— The Goods now lyinf: before you are the Gift of the txood People of this Province. They den ire yc^iir acceptance of them as a Mark of the sincere atVec- ttcin they bear you, and of the graetful sense they have ^^ your Friendahlp in coming to pay them this visit at: such a dangerous time. Si-ethren:

^'e consider you as united to us in a firm League of l^^iMendship and as having the same Interests with ^8- in consideration of this we desire that when you ''etnm home, as You live at a great Distance and aniong our Enemies, You would observe every thing ^^^t is doing, keep up a close Correspondence with us, ^^d give us early notice when any thing is intended ''^^inst us.

^^e expect you. will do all in your powder to prevent

«^u.v Injury being offered to our back Inhabitants: and

^t should be told you that notwithstanding your good

( the Govetnots. Papers oi the

Papers oi the ^^^ ^u\ dispaw^

•5'^*^ ^"\ irelt ^a^ P'"''-

^.lir-r to

, .V,.emWy Concermng

,Ue Tvcaim^T

Robert Hunter Morris,

477

ibeir Attachments to us, and give them Room to 6x- :tiect some presents as u token of our Regard,

As the Treasury is ^^xbausted I can onlj saj that I ivill readilv pasa a bill for stinking any sum in Paper Money the present Exigency may reqiiirej provided Funds are estaVilishtcl for »inking the same in Five Years-

The Secretary will communicate to you what was

said to the Indians Yesterday, and I shall lay before

JOD what may further pass between us^ & earnestly

r(v*ommeiid to you to enable me to send these people

sway perfectly satislied.

ROBT. H. M0RR!8. Philadelphia, Aug, Ifith. 1755.

To the Assembly recommending Legislation to prevent the French at Louisburgh from Obtaining Supplies from the Province.

GENTLEMEN: By an Extract of a Letter from Governor Law- rence to fieutenant Governor Phips sent me by Gov- ernor De Lancey, I find that the French at Louisburgh are in great distress for provisions, insomuch that he thinks they may be reduced to the necessity of giving ^P the place to us if a supply can be prevented.

J therefore recommend it to you to think of some proper Law that may most effectually prevent their "^ing supplied from this Province.

ROBT. H. MORRIfi. Pliiladelphia, Angust 16th, 1755.

/■'^

Papers of the Governors.

^etter to General Shirley upon the Military AlTairs of the Province.

EAR SIR:

I am favoured with yours by Express, and srnd forward your sevenil Letei*s to Colonel Duobarainl lliu two iieighbouriuf^ (iovernraents, I wish tile Jn^ onualiou upon which you founded the Orders vnu lavo now aeiit hud bet^n true, or that aji Expedition (Mild jujssibly be formed from these Provint^s in time, fVliith 1 have great reason to fear it eannot*

My As^setubly met on the Twt*iity third of Julj,

ruieh 8ooner than any of those of the neighbouring

l(^vi'nnii(*iitH, Eiud have done nothing towards an rx

K ditiniu li is 11 IK* \]u*y ]trof(/ss ^n'rrir I.nyjilly t(i tli''

[o\sn \ '/awI Uiv iIk' piibUrli, \i*l tlit-ir rnudm i drv-

ii iilts^'j vi-ri hum \h*' wli(il<' TrTirji- nt ihrir rH*lia\HH]i\ IE11I iliciT^ insisliri*! innni immv ami ('\i r;H>rdin,ii v \Hi]\]h

Robert Hunter Morris. 479

additional Encouragement to tliose tliat would engage in an expedition to remoye the French and become Settlers I made a proposal to the AasemLly to givi; Two hundred Ades to every Boldier, Four bundled to every Subaltern, Five Imndred to every Captain^ One thousand to every Colonel, and Beven hundred and fifty to the other tield OtReerSj without any purchase Money and free from the payment of Quit-B^nt for fifteen Years, yet this or any thing else 1 could do had no effect upon the Aesemhly, who seem-d deter mined to take advantage of their Country'^ distress to get the whole powers of Government into their own hands, and unless I will join with them in this their 8c heme and betray ihe trust reposed in me by the Crown and Proprietary Family, they will not come into a Law for the Establishment of a Militia nor raise any supplies.

From what I have said, Sir, you will form some Judgement of the disposition of the Assembly of this Province, and how little is to be expected from them; and as I cannot conceive that the other Provinces will or indeed can carry on an expedition against Fort Duquesne without the aid of this, I have not the least hopes that any thing of that kind will be undertaken this Year, nor even in the next without Parliamentary Inteposition.

I shall, however, once more call upon the Assembly of this Province and let them know the Destination of the Troops under Coll. Dunbar depends very much upon their Resolutions, and in the mean time shall take the Liberty to advise the Colonel to continue his March towards this City, where he may soon Recruit his Regiments and furnish his Men and OflScers with what they may have occasion for, and if an Expedition to the Westward is agreed on he can be at Carlisle before the Provincial Troops can possibly be raised, and in case 'nothing should be done on the part of the

Tapers uf ihc Governors.

[vv, as I am feaiful there will not, he will \h*^n jl'ar oil litB Wiiy towEirdB Albany.

ht>re you will gire me leave to my that I think iTroops can be no where so well employed as jiii^f I belling you and <:'ontributiii^' to your success

gain in 3^ that iiuportant pass at Niagara, in

if you ^ueeeed, Fort l)u Quesne will beroiue of [h- no ronwt.'t|uence to the French, as it will be l^ible to supply or reinforce it, para, therefore. \h the strong point that evtry

lw<^ iiui^ht to submit tOj and I not only think yon tlrt in ordering ihese Troops to your Assistance, mild liave yon l)y all the means in your iKJwer jiiii^n yourstdf a.n uinch as you can, and call upon L»vin(*(^ of X(*w York to garrison their own Forts |lt uvvn Mjliiin. [ur it Nij^^^arn Ik taken Ibis Yi ar * ;i "ibnioiis point j^vnticd, aiiil if yiiii tni^^i^ar ay lilt III' i'nrn- ^\]M^Tl all i\n} Tniujiti iijion Ibr (*oati^

iumIi T yniH' i 'iMiiiM^Jiid, lbi' bbnnr ^^ iU jusllv In-

Robert II miter Morris.

reuL't? of tlietiti three Colonies Id the proposed expedi- tioD iigaiust Fort I Hi Quesyie, I am tleur of opinioB tliat it would be moi^ advisi*able for you to adbere to the former Iii§tructi(»o& of General Shirley and eontinue the March of the Army to this City- If, con- trary to my expectation, it should, however, prove oth- er wise, you may without any difficulty return to the Front iers, and in the mean time furnish your men with Cloaths, tents, and other necessaries* which^can only be bad in this City,

The AsEnembly of this Province have been sitting since the 23d of the last Month, and have consumed all tbi» precious time in a fruitless Controversy; and will, I fear, do nothing; adequate to the present Fxi- gency.

I aoi, Sir, Vo^ii" most humble Serv't,

ROBT. H. MORRIS,

P. S. — The Officer I employed to recruit continues to Lave success, & has added 30 Men more to the 100 I mentioned in my last.

i

To the Assembly Concerning The Assistance Needed to Justify a Movement against Fort Duquesne.

GENTLEMEN: I have by Express received Letters from General Shirley, wherein he acquaints me that he has wrote to Colonel Dunbar that it appears clear to him as there will be four Months of good Weather before the win- der sets in, that with the number of Forces the Colonel ^ow has, and the Assistance he may receive from the Provinces of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, he may yet have it in his power to retrieve the Loss *ti8tained by the late defeat of Major General Bra(^

31— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

tuck, by luoceediug directly- to Fort Du Quesne, and uii^ «ciil hhn orders for that puipoee; aud furthtr iSys to Die that it will depeud upoo this GoverDmi^ni md thoBe of Virginid aud Maryland lu assist Cokiii<'*l Hiiibar with KHiiforcementB, Proyisiims, AmmouitiaD^ Artillery, Oi'diianee Stores, Carriages^ Horses, and all ithi^r ihings to fit him out for hia March and the Btn*^ ice he i** ordurud upoD, tiad that he his* wroto tu he samet^dect to Governor Dinwiddie aod (kjvernor Uiarpe, whose AK»istiiuce, with that of this ProTiGve. lu t^iitirt^ly ri'lii^e upou at this Extraordinary CmiM.

1 imifcjtj tbtTefore, reeonauiend it to jou to eoaUle me o do the several things expectt^d by the (lenera! ftoto lilu Province, and that you would take this mutter fni^ nediately inlo your Consideration and giv^ me your iusw(*r lh^^ett^ I hat I may smd th«' siHiie forw;irrj tu .Vduni'l Dnahiir and I lie GoveraorH of Maryijind tniil ^'Irgtnia, whose Ite&olutlons will ia a great measare le[H.*nd on what 1 Hhaill be enabled to do.

I»4.1^iri-&1tl llk.1 JJ,]1 J

L.r 1113 ^ LLiriJT* itii

Robert Hiinler Morris. 483

that we shall have on all OccaHions their kind Assist- ance. We thank you for acquainting us with your abode at Deonandady, and if Providence favours the King's Army with Success we shall be glad to see you and pay you a Visit in the most friendly manner. Brethren:

We shall not fail to send your string to the Gover- nor of Virginia, who would have been glad to have seen you. We are all Subjects to the Great King over the Water, and are all joined together in one commou Cause to i>revent the French taking your Land from you.

August 20th, 1755.

Further to the Assembly Concerning the Bill for the Taxation of Estates.

SIR: The Governor having by Message of the Four- teenth Instant informed you that he did not think it consistent with his power or Trust to pass the lUll for raising Fifty thousand pounds without the amend- ments he had made to It, and that he adhered to tli(;se Amendments, is surprized at your Message of this day, to which he can only say that he thinks it his duty to adhere still to the Amendments he made to that Bill.

To the Assembly Demanding a Categorical Answer to his Question as to AX'hcthcr or not It will Estab- lish a Militia.

GENTLEMEN: On the ninth instant I recommended to you to establish a Militia for the Safety and Defence* of the Province, and having frequently before rc^com

.... ^iu>iiive ot r(Miii.s\ivania is Hue of d(*feiice or not.

KOBERT E Philada., August 21st, 1755.

Speech to Certain Indians, bespe< with a Reply.

BROTHER— In token of our Affection foi expectation of your being a ui perillous Times, I do in the mo adopt you by the name of Newcas to be called hereafter by that name you, because in 1701 I am informed presented you to the late Mr. Will castle. A belt of 8 Rows. The ( the Council that he had called the Instance of Scarroyady, who wante of Importance to this Governmen cil, but fearing least some of the It along with him in rn^^* ''»'-

Robert Iluiilcr Alorris. 485

'*Brgtbt-r the Goveraor of renusylvaoiiij & all the EDgligh on this Continent; It is now well known to you Uow iinhappllj we bave been defeated by the Preneh near Miuougelo. We must let you know that it was the pride and igiiuraiice of that ^reat General that eanie from England. He is now dead; but be was a bad naan when he %vas alive; he looked upon ns at* dogs, and would never hear anything w^hat was said to Iiiiii. We often endeavoured to advitie him and to tell bim of the danger he was in with his Soldiers; but he never appeared pleased with ub^ & that was the reaj^ou that a great many of our Warriors left bim <Jt would not be under liis Command.

'^Brethren: We would advise you not to give up the point, though we have in &- manner been i-hastised from above; But let us unite our Strength. You are very numerous, iS: all the English Governors along your Sea Shore can raise men enough; don*t let those that come from over the great Seas be concerned aiij more; they are nntlt to flght in the Woods, Let ub go ourselves, we that came out of this O round, We may be assuned to con'juer the French.'*

Gave a String of Wampum, & desired that the Eng- lish would consider the matter well.

"Brethren the English: We let you know that our Cousins the Delawares, as well as our Brethren the Nanticokes, have assured me that they were never asked to go to war against the French in the late Ex- pedition, but promised in the strongest Terms that if their Brethren the English (especially those of Penn- sylvania) will give them their Hatchett they would make use of it, & would join with their Uncles against the French. So we assure you by this belt of Wam- pum that we will gather all our Allies to assist the English in another Expedition. One word of yours will bring the Delawares to join You; and you are a strong Body and very iible; if you wilLbut Exert Your-

Papers of the Governors. we vRn lieat antl humble the French; to wUieb [} wit, to fidnioTiis?h You t^o exert yourselves, W^ oil tliij^ Belt of Wampum. Praj considei' well 1' eni'ouru^ed, & i oiisider hIbo what shall be said wvr t{j tliiw Belt, I am going to the Nantifokes, till 11 paiss Ijy the Dt^lavvareBj and any Message ave to send or answ*!' you liave to give them I rlivev to them/- p he deli verted fiie lielt in the pn*8enee of .\ii- Mcnitour, Canuckraeayink, Soiiahrawano. New- pist 22, 1755, ff

naik> hi Si;arn>ya(ly the Six Xalioiis Chief. HMIKIJ: W 1L\T Vul' TKLL MK OF TllK

EowHlTuntcr Morris. i they may expect to receire very soon from thf^m-

August 22, 1T65, "^

Letter to General Shirley upon Sundry Military Matters.

PWlEda,, August 24th, lt55.

DEAK BIB: With this yoa will receive Colonel Dunbar's re- torn to Your onJers of the 12th Instant & Ihr reasons that he and hii^ Officers have for that Opinion^ in addition to which it may be observed that Penn- gylyania, the Province in which Fort Du Qnesne is; and the best able to contribute largely to such an Ex- pedition, as it abounds with men, Horses, Carriages. & pro\ision8, will do nothing towards it, the Assembly having sett a Month & Adjourned themselves without rai^ng any money for that Service.

My intelligence from the Army is that they are in a very bad order, the Olficers disagreeing with one an- other, & most of them having a Contempt for the Colonel that Comands them, that the men are in a poor and ragged Condition & don't relish another Cam- paign, as it is called. I find also that the Scheme is to Loiter as much time imd make as many diflficultys as possible, that these troops may not move from this place, or if that cannot be done then they may go no further than Albany this Season. I think it right to hint the»e matters to you that You may in Your orders & instructions quicken their motion a little without taking any notice of this information, which, tho' I believe it true, I have not such authority for as will bear a publick examination.

I have yours from Canada Creek, & immediately sent

"»]

papers of the Govemors-

wani hy a fnesh Express your lettir to Cokmt*! Die*

iibuut tilling up vacaiieies. I have mt^iitUmt^ii to

I Beveral times tke recruits that raptuin Benzitt

I raiged for Uis and the other I{egiiiieiil«^ but Iiavt?

L no answer upon the head, Ben^itt has uow about

f huudi-ed & fifty very fine men, who I think shcnild

I the Reghiients as sincm us possible.

aui In lu4K?s von art> now (juite Master of tlie Uikr

tario uith yonr liKlr Mee^t, and tliat by their Meana

I have fnll intelligence of the strength of the Ka-

)\ who, I knowing the Importance of the pass yini

to attack, wiU doubtless draw all their foroe thith

and I heartily wish that these Troops under I>im*

were already at Albany.

ilionld }<in piuve snrressful against XIagara, a^* 1

^e iiigh Impes and warm wishes that you may, you

1 pt^niiit me \o say Ihat you should employ an Of-

y well attached to you to carry the News to Eng-

d, vvlio wlionld be furnished with every Argumenl

Rohcrt liunter Morris. 4S()

euritig lliat past^ tbai will |iiit it in the i>ow*^r of tUi* En^Iisli to become Mai^ters of America, will be wholly yours, & you & your Family shoold receive the ad- v;iiitaj;e of it. You will pardon the Freedom that I havi* taken in giving ymi my sentimeulti upon this subject, but yon know the Friendship I have for you, nnd bow^ much

I am, l>eur Sir, Your maet ohedii^nt aud humble H<.*rvinit,

ROBERT HUNTER MORRTR

Hln Kxrelleucy, tSeuH Shirley.

Letter to the Secretary of State upon the Affairs of the Province,

Philadelphia, August 28th, lTr»r>.

SIR: linnH*dhit<*ly ujujn the News of Oem^ral Urad- dot k't* defeat near Fort Du Quesiie, of which I in- hirmed you in my last, I summoned the Assembly of tliis Troviuce and pressed them to grant Supplys for raising men to reinforce the remainder of the British Troops, that another attempt might be made this Season for the Reduction of that fortress, In which 1 had reason to think the neighbouring Provinces wou'd have joined, and we might together have made up a body of about live thousand men, besides the king's Troops, if this Province had begun and set a ^ood Example, which being best able and most imme- *^tely concerned it wa^our duty to do.

1*he Inhabitants were so alarmed at their Situation ^^t^r the defeat, and so much afraid of being attacked ^y the Indians that great numbers j)etitioned the As- *^^x>bly to make provisions for their Defence; upon

Papers of the Governors.

letje Petitious, and while the people were under tiir* Itiueiice of their fears, the Assembly talked of eon- ibutiDg hu'gely but took care to make all the Dehiy ley eouUl^ and in the mean time all the Quaker |t^cher8 and others of great weight were employed

shew in their publiek SermonSj & by going from juse to House through the Province the &in of taking

Arms^ and to persuade the People to be eixs^y and Ihere to their principles and privileges; and they jjupled not to give out that the Defeat was a just lid^nu^nt upon our Forces for attempting to disturb Ic Fn^ni'h in their t^cttlement*

|lMiniediately after the meeting of the Asaembly 1

them know that on behalf of the proprietary^ I

|]s v\illlii;^^ (n pi^r \\\o blind r<^i| A ens of Kami Wi^sl

Mm- Allr^hriiv Mills lo i-vrry SdhlitM', nml u Inif^cr ■unHity ]*> evei V (Hh<''r iu |H'iipnMjf>!i tn iln^ir Hnuk \i\i \\i\\\U\ in^ (ti\ \n\ i'',xprililinn froiii this i»r the iiei;:li- I'l1*viu^'*^^: a^^iiti^l l-nri I Hi ijuesne: ibai tb*—

Robert Hunter Morris,

491

and the otber IVovlnces. But tliey iiif^isttnl m\ my IKi^siug tUdr Bill willioiit AmLtndmeiita, a vltkim never made till kitely, and upon my refusal they Lave sent me two long» \Tery abusive Messages, highly retleetiiig upon tht* I'roprieraryp:, and plainly ealeiiliited to reu^ der theDi odious^ tu the iieopl^ aod partieularly m to iht^ riorum ai.

The Mt/ssagea Mr* JVnn will hiy before You, and 1 aju satiatied that th(*y will appear to be of a very 'bm- gerous iiatnrp at this* eritieal Time, being intended to heat and itillanie the minds of the people and tu set theai at;ainhst the Government; and as the lower Vlnnn of ]if^o[>lH» 1 particularly the GermansH w^ho fire very numerous liere, iniplieltly believe what the As- sembly say, theae Mpis Rages will make them Jealous of the iiovernmejit they live under, backward in :ii sisting it, and more inclinable to submit to the French, & accept of the offers they will doubtless make them.

I think it my duty to observe to You that Mr. Ben- jamin Franklin, who holds an office of profit under the General post office, is at the head of these extra- ordinary measures taken by the Assembly, writes their Messages and directs their motions.

The remainder of the late Sir Peter Hwlkett's and Colo. Dunbar's Regiments with three Independent Companies will be in this Town to-morrow, on their way to Albany, in the Province of New York, where General Shirley, upon whom the command of the Forces devolved by the death of General Braddock, lias ordered them in ease these Provinces declined another attempt this Season against Fort Du Quesne, wiiieh this Province has already done.

From Albany they will be ordered to assist Colonel 'Johnson against Crown point, or General Shirley 3^ainst Niagara, as will be thought most for his ♦^r^vjecty's Service when they arrive there, which I im- •"^^ine thev mav do in about 15 davs from this time.

Papers of the Governors,

iMy last accounts from General Shirley are tliat he

|ia within three day^^ of O&wego, that the last division

hif4 anny was about four daya behind him, thai

|n e \'t^i*selB were lauached u]K>n the Lake Ootajia

(1 iit for S?ervice, and that a fourth would be (iiuIuhI soon after he g(Jt there. He intended to stay

little time as possible at that place and proceed to lagara, whence hi' hiid intelligence that the French \-vv M'vy busy la putting their works in the Ijt^t

ler,

Tlie four V(^s?^ls ufion Lake Ontario will nmkr us |[Hfer?* of it, and is a matter of the greatest import- Lxs for while wp luv ^o the French can send no eon- llerable snipj^lys to Niajrara or their Forts to the

lu(]us^n<l. winrli Ui\i^i all fall iiit i hatuls if wr

m\ iij^nuhiNi Mill Siijj. I in] il V ij|inij Ibnr Lakr.

|l am. >^ii\ ^ U2H iiittr^t ( Mi*j]it-Trl liMiul>li^ Si^i vanl.

i;fM;i:i;T u. Mniiids.

Thiia

liill*] hi^

ill*] nsf jt.

Rubert HuiUer it orris. 49^

a &si stance he siioutd reciHTt* fraui tln^ae l*mviiici^« to make a ^eiund aUeiupt upon Fort Du Que^ue; but he and the Oftkers* have giveo reasons to General Hhlr* ley why the thing m tht^r opinion is inipracticahk>, and continued their Slarch to this Town, where they all arrived the 29th of August, and I am in expecta tions of Shirley's orders to them to proceed to Albany, whieh will be as diBRgreeable to the Colonel n^ a Western march; however, as they may be useful thore for Bouie mouths to eorae, and can lie of none hvm, 1 hope they will be hurried thither.

I am much with you in opinion that it would liave been right in these Colonies to have made an second Atiemjit upon the Fi^c^neh Fort this Fall, & can'f hvlp thinking that il might have been atti*nded with suc- cess, but the Concurrt^nce of this Province and Mfiry- huid wou\l htive been necessary, & how little 1 am able to do towards thnt or any othi^r [mblick Sj^ervkf my laBt Tjette? will inform yon, wherein 1 have men- tioned the disposition of my Assembly, who instead of promoting the King*s Service are doing all they can to render his administration odious, and to set the jijreat Hody of Germans in this Province against the Government under which they live, which may, and I l3elieve will, more than anything prepare them to receive the French proposals. This State of Affairs xiiakes it absolutely impossible for me to afford You t:he assistance I would otherwise do in a work 90 necessary to protect our Frontiers and to facilitate an sLttiuk of the French as the building some place of ^J^i"ength at the most convenient pass near the great ^^eadows. If you persist in this scheme you may have ^n Tools nnd other things necessary sent from hence, *^^ci I shall be glad of your orders upon that head.

I have this Minute Letters from General Shirley, "^ was at Osgego w'lh the greatest part of the Troops ^^ the 20th ult., and the last division under Colo.

Papers of the Governors.

leer was expeuted in a few days. He ha^ tlir^e

Im^Is n]Km Oh* Liikos that are very us^^fiil, and not y reij^n Mast*'ry of it but bring liim cnustimt la ^t-ni-e from mery part, n^ has also some Whale |ts & Men nnd Indians stationed at proper plai.'es to ivc tln^ Freiirli Motious; the beet acconnti* he can from Niat:ara are that they have thrown a n**w i;ifls round tht^ Fort, but have made no ot!»er |].s, and tluu thei'e were only 150 French and 50 Itane; but thi^ last is only Indian IntelUgenre. ]ani. Sir, Vo?ir numt cdH*du*nt huinlih^ Servant*

ROBERT H. MORHIS, tv<^iiHir Iiinwuhlii%

ihe A-^seniMy Decliiiini; !(^ ] .ny hefnre it ofliL-ir^ 1

ICNTIJiMIlN;

111 nst-ui^t In )ui]v M(ss:si!i> nf \'eslri'd:n itihi

#

Rotjcrt Hunter Morris, 495 ^ |>v'

f

^.^'

Kurth^ to the Assembly Concerning the Taxation of * Estates. f

l^jy In the courBe of my aliart administration amang Ton I have often jegretted that at a time when l^ becomes every one of us to be consul ting & acting foa* the pablick good, you sbould still delight to intro- Acice new and unnecessary Dispates, and turn the ft-^tention of the people from things of the least Im- portance to their future safety.

Your very tedious Message of the nineteenth of ^.mignst is a sufficient proof of your temper of mind: i't is indeed of snch an inflammatory Nature that did r^ot the Duties of my Station and Justice to the peo- ple require me to take some notice of it, I should tlxink it beneath me as a Gentleman to make any '''e'ply to a Paper of that kind, filled with the grossest ^-alunmy and abuse a** well as the most glaring Mis- •"e^presentations of Facts, and what I shall now say in answer to it would have been said in your last sit- ting had you not adjourned yourselves so soon after the Delivery of it that I had not time.

You set out with claiming it as a privilege to have your Bills granting Supplies past as they are ten- dered, without amendments, & say "it is far from ^eing an ordinary method to receive or debate upon Amendments offered by the Governor."

This Claim is not warranted by the words of the Charter nor by the usage of former assemblies, and You yourselves must know that from the first Set- tlement of the Province to the latter end of the admin- istrations of Mr. Hamilton, my immediate Predeces- sor, the Governors have occasionally amended P»ills ^^^ raising Money, and their right of doing sk) was ^^ver till then contested.

J*^otwithstanding all you have said as to my offer

Papers of the Governors.

LaiHl» to the Westward, 1 am persuaded iiDprei^- [ed ilen will see it in its true light & be coaniic<-^ |was mad*^ with a goud intention and under a proj^^ thority. 1 mentioned my Commission of Proper*^

(Vnitradistiiirtion to the Commission of Govermi- \n\ a^ ihnt iniilvr whicii I granted Land» upon rlie Itimijii ;iii(i ijidinary Occasion, which you seem ta Ink was done uiidt^r the other. But as to the otTt-r

question I had sueh direutions from the Proprie [ies as were wufficu^iit to justify me in making it. |l would have heen obligatory on tbem to confirm

wnme tu the Adventurers, and this I did then ami 111 do think a good authority. |Vi4 v*ni t\o not piofe^s to understand Law, 1 am net

[nj/.t'd :H vuur ([UiHlii;; an uUri^l^nifiit in strud ti!

^ rnsi/ iibtid^^eil. \"iia'i\ win^ is na smllinrity. ini^J Ivr ilir vv4ir<ls vdii iMeiMinri I'or au;jflit 1 know. iiivS

V be nf (qnninn tIlii iht* Kiu^ cnn fmi-r'ba**t* attit

Robert Hnnler Murris. 497

rilmr tlio tijoiie^, wlieu mi^uJ, jshould uot be disposed of tgr any less authority? Your claim, therefore, of a Hataral exelasiye Bight to the Disposition of pablick iBO&ey because it is the people^s is against reason, the nature of an English Qovernment, and the usage of this Province, and yon may as well claim the ex\ clasiye Bight to all the powers of Ooin^nment and set up a Democracy at once, because all power is derived from the people, & this indeed may be the true Design.

As to what you insinuate concerning the encHinous Growth of the proprietary Estate, I shall oppose plain Facts to your presumtions. By the original CJonces- sions and agreehient between the late Mr. William Penn and the first Hettlers, nine-tenths of the land were to be granted to the adventurers, and the re- maining teutli to be laid out to the proprietary; but ill: tt;:a of ilii» the late proprietary, out of the Lands purcha^t^d of the Indians in his time, contented him- self with taking up a very small part of what he might have done under that agreement, and out of (he three Indian puirhases made by his sons since bis decease, in the two lirst, consisting of Four Million A( rt s of Land, they did not survey upwards of Twenty- Five thousand Acie«, and those neither of the richest nor best situated, & in the last, which is by far rhe largest of all, no surveys have been made for their use, but they gave early directions that the settlers should, as the applied, take their choice of the best lands, and accordingly great numbers of peopel are seated on these Lands to their entire satisfaction. As to their Manors and appropriated Tracts it is well known that tliev are mostly settled by persons without leave or title, and that these pay their Shares of all Taxes. In short, (Jentlemen, if, instead of setting the proprie- taries forth as encreasiug their Estates and using their

32— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors,

liilH like Vasjsal^, Yoii had represented tliem as

lariiii^ witb tliLnii and using no compulsory Meth-

(or ihe ohtainment even of their just Delits* and

for these and many other in^tanees of their

usage of ihom the proprietaries are intitled to

|liiniH"ter of good, nay of the best Landlords, you

lone them no more than justice, and said only

la notorious to all that know their Treatment of

|*eople in this I'lovinee.

pan hy no means allow you to ar^^ue justly in \g that the proprietaries ought to submit their ]te to be taxed by Assessors choseu by the pt^o- beeause thoy are si worn or solemnly afiirmed to h\vA\ pJustlee. When you are ta^^ed by these Afr- its H is liv jM rsnns wha triav br rousliL'! rd a- r*qii:il^, ami ulit> Jirc iiiti^n sIihI to du vuu .Instit'e, ou in your liirn^i iriay ^lecoiih* Ihrir Asst^si^nrs. (Im* }>i'ti]ii'i(*trti V r>i^1rite and liileresr bcinir von

Robert Hiuitcr Morns, 499

Or, gt'iitlfc'nu:n, lao joq think that if the Euemy aw uuiTered to keep up Fortifications in any private Es- tate whataoever within the Limits of this Provinci^^ Von could preserve yonr Estatt^s, or the English Na- tion preserve its DominionH? What end then cau such Insinuationis serve, but to cool the Ardor of his Majesty's good Subjects in recoveriog the country unjustly takea from thera, as if they were contending for a thing of do consequence, which is but too much the opinion of many araungst us, raised and cotiflrmed, no doubt, by your strange ConducL

You charge me with coBtri?ing all possible methods of exi>ence to exhauBt your Funds and distress your a if air S5, and give an instance of an exorbit;mt Demand uf Fivo rlioiisand (ioiukIs fay vuiWn^ tin- Hi Kid for Du* use of the Army, an undertaking You say I engaged You in on a Computation of its costing only Eight hundred pounds. How could you stumble on a matter which, on a very slight Examination, must appear to be without the least Foundation? Your own Minntes will shew that you resolved to bear the charge of cutting two Roads, one to Wills' Creek and the. other to the Mohongahelo; and in one of your Messages to me wherein You enumerate your meritorious acts, You set this Road to enumerate your meritorious acts, such a manner as to hkve it believed that it would prove an heavy expence, which, nevertheless, you would not decline to bear as the King's Service re- quired it; and now you insinuate that had you known it would have cost more than Eight hundred pounds you would not have undertaken it, and this for no other Reason than to lay to my charge a pretended Estimate of which I am to tally ignorant, having never seen nor heard of one. The sum of Eight hundred pounds might have been mentioned as what it would cost in some Men's private opinion, but not upon an estimate of the Commissioners, nor as such sent to me. To be plain^ Oentlemen, it was tlie Te^ewtmexA

d

oDiige tlie Inliabitants to do this nothing else, that iudueed you to Expence, and had the two Ko would thave cost a very gi'eat by a Representation I cau to the General he consented to Wills' Creek, and instead other to the Ohio, to order no farther than to the Crow-Foot « last saved the clearing of many consented that the Road should n by one-third as the Quarter Mastei directions for. These were great fi ince, which added to the Regulati< in the price of Provisions and Liqi of the Waggons, would at any c duced you to speak in Comment and frugal use of the public money me with a Demand that I niever could it have been then made bj the accounts were not come in, delivered to You it does not apj amount to the sum of Three thoue

Robert Hunter Morris, 501

liave math weight with yoo, yet as they were eagaj^ed in this hazaidoiifi ^v<*rk by my In treaties, Jnstice re- quiies they should be handsomely rewardt;d for their indefatigable attendance and generous advance a£ their own privatf Fortunes.

You have in the Mesjfsage now before yon, and in sev- eral otbera, token gi^eat peias to infuse into the miuda of the people, particularly the Oermanii, that the O ov- er n men t haTe designs to abiidge them of their Privi- leges and to reduce them to a Btate of Sla^iery» This may and will alienate thfir affections from His Ma* jesty's Government, destroy that Confidence in the Crown and its Delegates, which at this time is par- tic uhuly necessary, and render all the Foreigners among us very indifrerent as to the sue cess of the Frenrh attemptf? upon this Continent, as they cannot be in worse Circumstances under them than you have taught them to expect from the King's Government.

This you may with your usual Confidence call Duty, Loyalty, and Affection to his Majesty, but I am con- vinced it will not be esteemed such by his Majesty and his Ministers, before whom all these matters must be laid, and how the innocent people of this Province may be affected thereby Time will shew.

You are pleased to tell me that I am destitute of Skill and Abilities for my Station, and have not the Spirit of Government in me. Gentlemen, I never made any Boast of my Abilities, nor do I pretend to know what you mean by the Spirit of Government; But this I know, that if I had enough of the spirit of Submission, I was early given to understand, by some of your Messages, that you would have then i ro- nounced me well qualified for the administration of this Province even without the assistance of Instruc- tions or the advice of my Council.

To your Spirit of Government, however, or in other words your Inclinations to increase and render per-

d

papers of the Governors,

III your own powers, is to he attributed all to Lite extra ordinary proceedings and the defence- Itati^ of tlie rrovinco; for the sake of gratifying ]oii sH-niple not to Btir up hm Majesty's Subjects ^t Ills* (loverinnent, forgetting all Duty to yuar A^u and all Decv-nty to those in authority under

r angwers do not oxrulpate you from my charges

St you for taking on yourselves great and mighty I's, and mmv you call upon me to particularize ]l shall Kia'i^v yon. Yon have created a paper (ncy of your own, and ordered the collectors of and the True tees of the Loan Office to recwTe I in St Law. Yon [Miy yonr own wa;?ep out of the

\i'h\\ Morii'_\. wlieii tlie Law n^qiiites ami ]jrnvi*lf?» |rir Ihmii^ ]>uu[ in unolfirr miiuuer, not winisliUi^l is 'li^lnrril l*y \a\\\ that an fnrsims iiMlebl'd

^rti-ai^e to iln' Lo;in rMli<r sfjiifl lif (hJiuqrrTii

Robert IlinUcr Morris. 503

end Braddork, and fur the Uofeiu-e of tht^ Province, and siiy, Vou Irnvt- U^ttera from tht^ late tt^neral thanking Yon foi ,voiir Service, The truth of this I mUKt be|^ U^ave to <jiieNtion, as the late General was too honest to Bay one thing to you and another to the Kings's Ministers, He might acknowledge the ser- vieep of partit^ular nien^ but bow you ean take those to yourselves as an assembly when you had no hand lU what was done I am at a I^obs to know. I think it will not be doubted but that had you in Time optned the proper Hoade, rabed men, and provided carriages aud nec'f*Kftary provisions for the Troops, as this was the only Province able, in the Uenerars situation, to furnish bim with them, we might now have been in peaceable poaaessiou of Fort l*u Quesne.

In tine, tTentlemen, I must remind you that in a former ife^sage you said you were a plain people that had no joy in Dis^putation, But let your Minutes be examined for Fiftt^n years past, not to go higher, and in them will he found more artifice, more time and money spent in frivolous controversies, more unparal- lelled abuses of >oar Oovernors, and more undutifulb ness to the Crown, than in all the rest of his Majestie's Colonies put together. And while you continue in such a temper of mind I have very little hopes of good either for his Majesty's Service or for the Defence and protection of this unfortunate Country.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS.

Philad'a, September 24, 1755.

S04 Papers of the Governors.

Message to the Indians of the Province.

BY THE HONO URABLE ROBERT HUNIER MORRIS^ Esquire^ Lieuteiiant Govemor and Commander-in-Chief of the Province of Penn^yl- va7iia^ cfe Counties of JVew Cmtlt^ Kent, and Stusex^ upon iJela/icare^

To all our Indian Brethren i& Allies on the River Sus- guehannah or elsewhere icithvn the said Province Greeting.

Agreeable to the Treaties of Friendship between this (jovernment and the Indian Nations, I take this first opportunity of communicating to You the agreea- ble account I have received of a Battle that was fought on the 6th Instant on Lake St. Sacrament^ now called Lake St. George, l)ctween General Johnson and lilon- sieur Dieskau the French General, in which the Eng- lish have obtained the victory, and have wounded Mons'r Dieskau, the General, and taken him prisoner* wilh his Aidde-Canip and many of his Officers, mid kiUed Ei|j:ht hundred Soldiers. It was fought for m^ loiij^ time and with great Spirit on both sides, but the"^ French were at last obliged to retreat and fly away.

Our Brethren, the Indians, behaved (»xtraordinar> — » well ill tiie action and lost some of their men, bul^' we have not yet heard how many nor who they are -^ when we do we shall write you the particulars.

I most h(\artily coiij'ratulate all the Indians on thifcsSrf success of General Johnson, and have the satisfiic ^ tion to acquaint You tiiat the number of French killtd wounded, and taken j)risoners, exceeded the nunibc^^ of all the English who fell in the unfortunate action* on tlH^ Hanks of the Monongaliela. Mons'r Dieskau ^ now ticneral Johnston's prisoner, was a person of extraordinary note* in France, being a Marischal-De- Camj) and Commandrr of all the Forces in North America.

Robert Ilunlcr Morris. 505

The rt?(jueat dt^livi^red bj- TuhaBliwugbdoii^ ioiidyj called by tiit* Etiglbh the Belt^ m now before the wi»e uieu of thi» Provineej and he may he asBured I will feieod hi 111 my answer as sood ue I kuow what they will enable me to do,

I acknowledge the receipt of Scarroyady's Jjetter and thank him for his Intelligence, and desire he will con- tinue to give rne the earliest accouDt^ of every thing he judges of Importance enough for thi^ Government to be acquainted with.

Letter to the Governor of Maryland upon Certain Border Disturbances.

SIR: I linve received :\ petition from several of the Inhabitants of Air Town^p situate on the Waters of the t'onolloways, a IJranch of tbe River Fotomack within the County of (.'umberUind, settinjr forth that they and their neighbours have been lately diif^turbed by some Officers and Surveyors from your Govern- ment, tho- they have for many Years paid Taxes with- in this Province, and have settled their Lands under the Proprietaries of Pennsylvania. They say, like- wise, that some of their possessions have been lately surveyed by the Surveyors of Frederick County, in virtue of Warrants from Lord Baltimore's Land Of- fice, and that they are threatened with an armed force as you will see by their Petition, which is Copied and ^lerewith sent.

It is a little surprizing that at such a time of Pub- Uck Danger & Cnlauiity these unneighbourly practises *^hoiild be carried on, tho' I am very well persuaded they are unknown to you, and that you will discoun- tenance them the moment vou are told of them.

Papers of the Governors.

may happen that jour people may have nettled onie places Qoitliward of thi^ Temporarv Line und s to the BoutbwHid of it* but if that Uiie be ron- led for a few Miles it will «oon he known wljich or n nve rightly settled, I therefore propose it ti>

to have this forthwith done, the month of No- ijer in one of the best in the Year for thl« ftervtcf^j if begun then it may be ftnished before the aeTere itljLT comc?s on.

this be agiteable to yoii 1 will iSBue ft Commb- \ to Mr Georgp Stevenson and Mr. Aohn Arm- »ng, mirveyorB of the two Counties that border on Temporary Line, imd to join with any two yon 11 please to appoint for this purpose. havo sunt onlers i<> tlh.^ ORioer^'^ Survevin's uf ihi nty of Oiimbi-rland unt to disturb any persons set-

under Lord KaltiiiHire. nor to Rurvey the Landi* wliich any of yunr [leople are settbj-d, and I must

Robert HniUer Morris, 507

pAi^^ed tbu Haifiqaehauiiali and killed all before tbem, aud were vvitliin five miles of Harris' Ferry, Tliej nmy from the defenceless state of thia uoliappj ProT- iiife do ioflnite ouschief and ik- net rate very far into it* The ijeople are mostly without Arms, and struck with such a Panuk that they flee as fast as they can from their Habitation??, The accounts were brought me to this place Si will oblige me to leave the Abs^'HI' bly in the midst of their Sessions, and to hasten to Philad*a in order to do as much service as my little IKJwer will enable me, Jf that Assembly which I have called by Wdt to meet me on Monday next shall stieugtlieji my hands and do what is iocumbent on them, We may be abh* to make some Resistance, But if they shall still he deaf to the Calls of their bleeding Country, I know not what Lengths the Enemy may proceed*

1 think it my Duty to give you the earliest intelli- gence that you may not be put upon your own Guard, but afford that assistance which the progress of the Enemy and the safety of the Colonies may require.

If you have any Arms or Ammunition belonging to the Crown not immediately necessary for the Defence of your Province, it would greatly assist his Majestie's Service if I could be favoured with the use of them, and on your being so kind as to let me have immediate advice of this I will send for them.

I am, Sir, Your most humble Servant,

ROBERT H. MORRIS.

Newcastle, 29th October, 1755.

So8 Papers of the Governors.

Letters to Conrad Weiser Referring to the Danger of the Province from Hostile Indians.

SIR: 1 have your two Letters of the 26th InBtant, that to Mr. Kead being sent forward to me with the other, and I am heartily concerned at the melancholy situation of the Inhabitants in the remoter parts of the Province. If the Assembly had paid any the least regard to my Recommendations, as every thing that has happened was reasonably to be expected, the T»eo- ple would not at this time have remained without pro- tection or such a quantity of innocent Blood have been spilt. However, I have upon this occasion summoned them to meet on 'Monday next, and hope they will now (tho' late) make some Provision for the safety of the Province, and in the mean time must commend to your care and diligence, and recommend it to you and the ]>eople in your noijjhborhood to do every thing for their defence that their Circumstances and sitcia- tion will admit (^f. Let nie know from time to time what i» done and the motion of the Enemy, and you may assure the i»oop!e that whenever the Assemb'y enables me to act vij^orously in their defence I shall most rc^adily do it, and if they do not my best advice and assistance shall bo employed in their Protection. I have neither Anns nor Ammunition at my disposal or I should have sent you some of both before now.

I shall set out for Philadelphia this day or to- morrow.

And am. Sir, Your friend and Servant,

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS.

Conrad Weiser, Es(i'r.

Robert Hunter Morris. 509

Philadelphia, October 3l6t, 1755.

SIR: 1 had the pleasure of receiving ynur favor of the 30th In*itaDt» and of being thereby set right as to Tin* ludiiiDs pasj^iiig the Mountaiaa at Tolkeo* whi(4i 1 am glad to find was a false alarm. I heartily commend your conduct and Zeal, and hope yon will eontiuae to act wifb the wame Vigour and Caution that you have already done, and that you may have the greater Authority I have appointed You a Colonel by a Com- niie^t^ion herewith.

1 have not time to jrive you any Instructione with the nnnimi8i*ion, hut leave it to your Judgment and discretion, which I know are greatj to do what is moet for the safety of the people and service of the Crown. I liave seen your r^ettfT to Mr. Allen and want much ta have some certain Intelligence uj>on which I may depend, of the number and motion of the Enemy, dis- tinguishing between the French and Indians, for this I must greatly depend upon you, and for that pur- [>ose I send this Express to yon^ and 1 must desire you will appoint some one or two trus1:y men, Indians or others, to go upon that service in such a manner as you shall think best in order to get me the most certain Intelligence. You may, on behalf of this Gov- ernment, make such offers of Rewards to the In- dians or others that you employ in this service as you shall Judge best, and J will remit you the Money or other things you shall agree for as soon as you please, and whatever intelligence you get by this means you will as soon as possible send to me and no other.

If the design of the French be to strengthen them- selves at Shamokin or elsewhere on this side of the Allegheny Mountains, they must certainly have a good number of Regular Troops with thfcm.

Since writing the above I have yours of the 31st, Hnd am obliged to you for the punctuality of your

5IO Papers of the Governors.

('orreBpondence, whii^h I must beg you would Con- tinue. I wrote you from Newcastle, and send this by Mr. Oist, concerning whom yon will have a par- ticular Letter from Mr. Peters. I approve of your offer to Gabriel, and hope he will bring ns certain Intelligence that we may depend on concerning tilie numbers of the Enemy and their motions, tnmk which we may in some measure Collect their Designs. If our Shamokin Indians leave us, I must think they are forced into the French measures for want of Assist- ance & Protection from us, for I can't persuade myself to think that Jonathan and some few that I know are false to us from Inclination. I am glad you stoped the Flower. I desire you will use it in any manner for the Service of the Publick that you shall think best. I am sure it can't be applied to better purpose, and I wish I had every other necessary thing upon the present occasion, I should freely use them. Ton will only take care to keep an account of the number of CaskH you use, and give me an account of them, that tluM-e may be no confusion in the accounts.

I have only to wish you all imaginable success, and 1() rtMoinmond it to you to Continue your Care and Diligence for his Majestie's Service.

I am, Sir, Your most Humble Servant

ROBERT H. MORRIS.

Conrad Weiser, Esq'r.

T.etter to John Harris Congratulating him upon his Escape from Dangers from Indians.

Philadelphia, October Slst, 1755.

SIR: I have yours of the 28th by Express, and heartily congratulate you and your family upon your safe arrival and escape from your Danger. 1 much Com- mend yonr Zeal for the service of your Country, and

I

Robert Hunter Morris. 511

am sorry that it m uot in my power to alTord you the Astsistance that your service and situation deserves, but I have neither ArjiiB oor Ammuuition at my dis- poBal or you should uot have been so long in want of those necessai-y Articles at thta dangerous time,

1 must reconimend it to you & the peojjle that are nigh you to act with caution and spirit upon the present occasion in the defence of your Families, and to give me intelligence from time to time of what passes, not only a mo tig yourselves but of what you can cnUt'ct of the numbers and motions of the Enemy. 1 am, Sir, Your most humble SerTant,

ROBERT H. MORRIH.

Mr. John Harris.

Letter to the Governors of New Jersey and the Other Provinces Concerning the Indian Operations.

PhiUidelphiii, October 31st, 1755<

SIR: The accounts »ince I came here confirm the par- ticulars set forth in my Letter of the 29th, and say further that the French intend to seize and fortify Shamokin, an Indian Town situate at the Conflux of the two Main Branches of the Sasquehannah, and to make use of their Indians against the Inhabitants, that they may be fully engaged and rendered unable to give the French any Interruption. This is not said Xvith absolute certainty, but the situation of the Town is so Extreamly convenient for a communication with the Ohio by the Western branch of Sasquehannah Vrbich interlocks with the Mississippi and rises within ilfty miles of Fort Du Quesne, and with the Six Na- tiion Country by the Eastern Branch, which has its

512 Papers of the Governors.

rise near the Mohocks river not 'ar from Port Hunter that it is very likely to be true, and that they have obtained the consent of the Delaware Indians by as- suring them that they will put them into pomession of their own former country, and render them inde- pendant of the Six Nations.

Our Inhabitants are arriving in such a manner as they are able, exi>ecting the Indians will fall on the Country side along the Blue Mountains, which they will prevent if they can, but considering that they have no Discipline, very few Arms, and little Ammu- nition, I am afraid the Indians will be able to perpe- trate this i>art of the Design and put numbers of our Inhabitants to Death.

I am, Sir, Your most Obedient & most humble Ser- vant,

ROBERT H, MORRIR.

T.ettcr to General Shirley Commanding in the Prov- inces Urginp: him to send Some Regular Troops to the Province.

Phihidelphia, October 31st, 17rM.

SIR: \N'liilst 1 was in my Lower Government I received (•(4tain accounts that our Inhabitants on the West Side of Sai*quehanuah were surprized & murdered, i'^ their Plantations })lunder'd and burnt by the French and Indians, and that a large body of these were seen to pass the Allegheny Mountains moving towards this Province.

On this Intern igenco I immediately issued Writts for the Assembly here to meet on Monday next; and hav- ing enacted a Militia Law there, and obtained a Re- sol v(» of Assembly for a gmnt of Two thousand

Robert IhiiUer Morris. 513

Puuiidg for lii» Majt^sl v*s use, 1 hitMleoed to tbia City

when^ I have this day retrflved further Intelli

gence from Mr. Wemi^Tj the InterpreU'r of the Prov-

riuH% that there is n*ason to apprc^heud that the French

have desjtigns upon SShamokin and are going to seize

and fortify it— having, it is said, ohtained the consent

of tho Dehiwiin^ Indimis to do it under the eu^tiaring

liretenee of putting them again into po^eHsion of their

own former Country, und rendering them Independant

of the Bix Nations, Those Indians we know are gone

ugainift UB, and witli the 81ia\vonese, a Nation ever

averse to the Hix Nations, committed the murders and

Devastations in Virginia, and are now iu several par-

tie*!? killing our Inhal>iiauts in the Country uear Sha-

znokin, with de^igo no doubt to give tlie French time

to build their Fort and to hinder any obstrnction from

mis,

Bhamokin is situate at the meeting of the two Main Srauches of Sasquehannah, one of whith take«»itB rise ^hout fifty milei=^ from Fort Du Quesne and interlocks "^ith some of the Branehes of the Mississippi and the «ther beads in the heart of the Bix Nation Country »ear Fort Hunter. It^ situation has very many ad- vantages, being in the Latitude of Staten Island, and Tnot more than Sixty miles from Jersey and 120 from ^his City, and a little below it on this side the Blue Mountains lies one of the finest parts of this Prov- ince, w^here we raise an abundance of Grain & Cattle, which the Enemy may overrun at pleasure, & stock — themselves and their Garrison with plenty of Pro- visions.

I had two opportunitys of sending the first accounts to the Secretary of Stale from New^ Castle by two Ves- sels then passing by, one for London and the other for Liverpoole; And T informed the neighboring Gov- ernments of it, and recommended it to them not only

33— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Robert H inner Morris. 515

I'o the Assembly Announcing^ the Invasion of the Province by the French and Indians.

GENTLEMEN: Having received Intelligence that a party of French and Indhins had destroyed some of the Settlemeots uigh the Kiver Basquc'hannah^ killed a number of the Inhabitants, and carried others off I'risoDers, and that a considerable Body of them had pasf$ed the Allegheny Hills and were moving towards the nettled parts of this Province, issued Write for calling 'You together, since which I have had repeated accounts of the mothms of the Enemy, who, I am informed, are Fifteeu hundred in number, & are ru- camj^ed on the Sasquehaunah about thirty milc*s above Harris' Ferry.

The papers that I have ordered to be laid before you will inforsi you of the Cruelties their Parties had committed upon the Inhabitants of this Province on both sides the Sasqiiehannah, and that they have penetrated as far as the Kittochtinny Hills, within about eighty Miles of this city.

This Invasion was what we had the greatest reason to believe would be the Consequence of General Brad- docks defeat and the Retreat of the regular Troops, & had my hands been properly strengthened I should have put this Province into such a posture of Defence as might have prevented the Michiefs that have since happened.

It seems clear from the different accounts I have received that the French have gained to their Interest the Delaware & Shawanese Indians under the ensnar- ing pretence of restoring them to their Country, Their intimate knowledge of which will make them very dangerous Enemys to the Colonys in general, and to this in particular.

As soon as I could inform myself of the number and motion of the French & Indians, I signified the same to

[6

Papers of the Governors,

le iioighliouriii^ (Suvx^riiiufints, lliat tlw*y might i!y be uijon Hair niijird but prepuK^fl tn afford^ icb auKmtanee a« i\iv pvogroBs of the Kuemj migUl kUl* nert^HSiirv, initl n\ llir ^atne tiiiit* Iraii^ritlttHl In s Majesiy'e Miiiiaters thv liitolligence I liad reeeiveil, kI acquniutt d them with the def(*nci?k^8 Btate of tlie ■ovince.

The people of the luu'k Couuties* linvt* ou tbisi ]mpor*_ Ut Occasion behavpd tbeni^eh^s with uncDinnioEi.^ lirit and a^^tivitv, but eomplahi iiiiirb of Hie Waot of der ^ I>i»eipliiiej n^ well as of Anii.s and Atouiaub )ii. Aft we Imve no Militia it i^ not in my power W I nil the jieoph^ into 8inh regit ]iir linilie^ nn the piei- ,t Exigenej^' requirvi, and you iiiu^st be ^euHibk* thati liiivi* neiflier !Mo!i<n\ Arum, m- Annnnuitiou at my spugal; all I have*, t lieref (.)rt% bem iibh^ to chi ban (Ml to iKfiiuo rVuinnissions lo HU*b u^ werr willinr! to ke tlieiii and to t'liniiirap' tb<^ ]H'(»plr lo dr fi^iid thi^ai- Ivet* and tlitnr^ J-^iuiilit-s till llif < Government v^ass

Robert Hiinter Morris.

5^7

sutli as are cunscieutiously srrupulous of beariug iinns, it b^ing iJ!i[fogHibI<- wit bout ^uch a La^v, tbo* hirge siiiii)^ tjf Money shdiild be raist^d, to prevent Con- fn^ittiu and dUordiT or conduct matterii with anj de- t*tet* of R:*;^iihn ity.

As tbt* Kntniiy iin* now laying waatt* tbe Couutry imtl Hlmightering tbe iiihabitaflts there is no time to bt* b^^t, I Iheivfore tliiuk it iieeessary uih.ui tliiH ot^ea* Hiou lo iaform You tliat 1 am r-eady aad WHling to mtment to a I^w for emitting any sum in Paper Money Hie i^rt-sent stTvire nuiy re<iuirt% if Funds are eatab* limbed for sinking the same lu Five years, but 1 can- not tliink it consistent either with the powers of uiy Com mission or the daty 1 owe to the Crown, to pass any Bill of the same or a like Tenor of thoBe I have i^eretafore refused. And I hope you will not waste your Time in offering me any such Bills as you must know from what has passed between me and the late As- sembly and the information I now give you it is not in my power to consent to, & T earnestly recommend it to you to afford in Time that assistance which your bleeding Country stands so much in need of.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS. Philadelphia, November .'ird, 1755.

T^'o the Assembly Announcing the Sacking of Great Cove by Hostile Indians.

GENTLEMEN: I this minute received intelligence that the Set- tlements at a place called the Great Cove, in the County of Cumberland, are destroyed, the Houses V)urnt, and such of the Inhabitants as could not make their Escape either slaughtered or made Prisoners;

8

Papers of the Governors,

h and the other Cnir^ltit^ft committed iiiM>n niir Fron- -rj» has s^o ;il«rine(l Ujo n-maiiiiog Inhabitants that ley are 4uittiii^ their Habitations & erowdini; intu le more settled parts of the Province, which in their lirn will become t\n^ Frontier if some stop m not leedily put lo ihe i-niel Ravages of these Bloody Ivaders. In thiH m*0ancholy E^it nation of our afT;nrg |;iy ))e attended with the most fatal Consequencej5, uust, therefore, again most heartily prt^ss you upon [is further InteHigetn^e to strengthen my bands and liible nie speedily to draw foj^h the Forces of this j ovinee against his Majesty's Enemies^ and to atlord le necessary and timely assistance to the back In- hiitants.

!itMii:KT HJ XTi: I : .mokkis.

IriiiJiKlrlpiiia, Nin^'iifhr-r nili I Tr.r>. l^ M.

Robert Hunter Morris. 519

erer to my knowledge been made by them of any In- jury done them.

I am sorry you should iit this tim*^ send me the Bill

fl have jufcjt now received when I had heretofore re-

fiiH**d my assent to one of the same kind, and in my

mr-s^age of the third in^Btant informed you that 1 eou'd

nnt give my assent to such a Bill.

1 »ihaU liot enter info a Dispute wlietht^r the Pro- l*rietaries ought to be tastid or not* It is sutficif^nt for me that they have 0ven me no power in that caise, and I cannot think it consi stent either with m^^ Duty or Safety in matters of Government to exceed the Pow- ers of my Commission, much less to do what that Com- mission expressly prohibits.

I'pon the repeated aeconnts I have had of the miser- able situation of the bacl^ Inhabitants, & the Disorder ^nd Confusion among those that are assembled in tiheir Defence, the Council have unanimously advised xne to go into the back Counties to put things into the test order possible, and to afford my countenance & ^\ssistance to those that are willing to take up Arms in Defence qf their Country. This I declined doing till I knew what you would proi)ose upon the present occasion; and having now received from You a Bill that you well knew T could not give my assent to, I dispair of your doing any thing, and shall, therefore, immediately set off for the Back Counties, and if they have not all the Assistance their present Distresses make necessary, it will not be for want of Inclination in me but Power.

I shall take with me a Quorum of the Council, and if you shall have any Bills to propose that are con- sistent with the Duties of my Station and the just rights of Government, I shall readily give my assent to them whenever they are brought to me.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS. Philadelphia, Novemr. 8th, 1755.

520 * Papers of the Governors.

Speech to Scarrooyady, an Oneida, and Jagrea, a Mohawk, Concerning the Indian Difficulties — with a Comment to the Speaker and the Assembly.

BRETHREN: In behalf of the Oovernment & People of Penn- Hylvania I give you thanks for this friendly Tisit.

We are obliged to you for the Journey yon took to thc' Nanticokes and for waking and warning them of tlieir Danger. They are our Friends, and in doing a good Office to them you do a kindness to us.

We also thank you for coming down & giving us warning of our Danger at this Time of Trouble.

From the nature of our Government it is not in my power nor the power of ony one man to say what the whole people shall do. I therefore cannot give yon a positive answ^er to that part. of your Speech wherein you desire to know whether we Will fight or not; but a» the several men who have a right to determine that IK)int now met, they are considering the present State of this Country and will consider w^hat you have now said, and when we have agreed what shall be done you may d(*i>end on knowing it.

The (lovernment and Ooverring part of the People of this IM'ovince haine never accused the Six Naticms of any Bivach of Faith; they ever did and still do es- teem them th^ir fast Friends and Allies but as our people are numerous tVr scattered all over the Country, & not under the immediate eye of the Government, it is inii)0S8ible to keep every Mouth in order. We therefore, hope you will not take amiss any idle Tales that foolish chattering People may utter, or attribute any thing to the Oovernment that they may say to your }>rejudice, but regard only what you hear from the (rovernment, as that alone is to be dei>ended upon as the true sense of the People of this Province.

Robert Hunter Morris. 521

1^K\ Speaker and Itentlemen of the Assembly;

You liave heard what the Indians liave said; With^ €>ut Your aid 1 eaniiot make a proi>er answer to what tliey nuw propose and expect of us. I therefore de* t^iie jou will reimu to your Homse, eont^ider well of it, iind wheuever you will streiigtlien my Ilaud» and <^Miable me to ^ive tiu^ni a full aad proper Answer 1 i^liall most reudilj do it*

November 8th, 1755-

To the Assembly Concerning the Request of the Province for Assistance in Making War Against its Enemies.

GEXTLEMEX: After the Indiana had in publiek demaTided the AsBistam^e of this tioverniueiit and desired to know ^^hat we intended to do, & whether they were to de- l>eiid iipoTi ue for rrote(*tioii or take care of themselves, TT'bey canie* to ine in rouneil ^ informed nie by Mr, ArVeiser, the Provincial Interpreter, that they and tlieir lirethren living upon the Sasquehannah, who were 5^bout three hundred fighting men, were now the only Xndians in this part of the Continent besides the Six Nations that remained firm to the English Interest, ^he French having, at a great Expence and by variety ^Df Artifices, gained to their Alliance not only the Del- ^:iwares & Shawanese, i)ut other very numerous Nations ^o the Westward, compared to whom they were but ^1 Handful; that the French & those their Allies were ^r^oming down against the English and had given them ^lotice to get out of the way; That the Body of the Six Nations were employed in protecting their own Coun- 'try and assisting the English to the Northward, and

Papers of the Governors.

Ill not, iher4.*fori% nITcnd them any help at so grett |isluin"i% whorefaii* they diH-iared that they and li- Bret hi 1^11 wire wiJliiig to act in Conjunction with ]l^ut^ll^h agiiirist Hic French and their Allies^ but

in their present Situation and Circumstances thi\T Id not take the weight of the War upon themselves, I'liat they desire I'rom us at present is, that Wf lid put the il^tchet into their Hands; that wv lid send a number of our Young Men to act in Cou- Ition Willi thei!' \\*arriors and furnish the neees-

Ai-ms, Antnuinitiim. & Prodsions; That we would Id some hitrong Hon 8*^9 for the Protection of their Itih^u, Women, and i'hildren, and that they maybe iliiHl rrtna liiuf* to time with necessaries.

\v rnrllier Insi-j ii]miii kimwiii^ flu* ri^snbiTiim^ |ik> < irtvi'i nniiiH ;\^ ii^ i hese unit ters. t^ iip^nt haviniX

\]tli(i] iinsui'i vviilkiiul fMrMiei^ Uehi^v. iluit rliv;%-~

pie[f;irr (n ;if'1 ^^il!] lis av \n\ir I lie iieeet^j^nry nu*M?^ ^ nv llieii u\\[\ Si^rniih. U1tt'\ JijfcVf* ii>snrt^d n ^—

Robert Hunter Morris. 523

ands of thc^ Fr*^ncli, (mv busj Enc^uij, wlui will span'

0 EIxpentH* or Trouble to gain hihIi hh advantagtv & •e at this time neiug «^v**ry Artitltie to cornipt & alipn- :e them from our Interest,

How fatal tills must yjrove to as aod all the English i>louie8 Vou, iieiit lumen, eaiiiiot bu igaorant Tiie fectB of our lai^t Uispntes have already been too ^e- ^relv feU; mid it i^ !o he feared if the present Foli- ck« and Pacific Measures are persisted in the Gonse- aenees will be still more dreadful. Let me, therefore, arnestly recommend it to you that you will enable le to put the Hatchet into their Hands and afford bem the Assistance of the Province in such a manner 18 they desire.

Your vigorous and hearty Compliance may be a leans of restoring Quiet to our poor Back Settlers, ho are daily calling out for that protection from us iiieh is justly due to them. But if thro' refusal iese Indians should be obliged not only to leave us at to act against us, all the dreadful Consequences ' it must be left at your door; for I am ready and de- rous to do any thing consistent with any duty to the I'own for the protection & Assistance, as well of lese our Allies as of the Inhabitants of this Province

1 general.

Upon this important affair, Gentlemen, and at Ihe ressing Instances of these Indians, I have put off my 'Jurney to the back s>ettlements, altho' 1 conceive my f esence among them at this time to be extremely nec- *8ary. Let me, therefore, recommend Dispatch to you ^ these Indians are so pressing to be gone, in order > See after their Families and Friends, declaring in ^e strongest manner that they have not a moment to ^, and must take their Measures immediately.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIR. r*hiladelphia. November 10, 1755.

5^4

Papers of the Goveniors,

Instructions to the Conniiissioners to tht Imliansfii the SJK NatioD?.

J^ Hubert Ilunttr Morrit^ ti^fpiire^ Lf'euienani G&i'-

To Smrroyady^oneofthe Vhttifi of t}^ (/Heida Jiailm, and Mr. Andrme Mmitom\ ttf l/ie Catmit^ of Vnm*

bmiand :

Our former B'rieiids the Delawarf*8 reiiiding at Ohio* havintr fallen ti|K>ii aiir back ItUiahitaiils io a most cruel manner wiiliout giving us the least notice of it I have thought it uecti*.safy to isend au account thereol , with all vossible Dispatch to tte Bix Nationn* Jt (w ^ yon have kindly otlVr-'d in undertake ihi?* Ji.Hirmy i^v ' llic way of Sus(|Ui/lianna, 1 inslrud ynu lo niakr Nil the haste inJi*sibh\ & iis you have I uh»ng uppri^e all nur friendly Indians ut iliis uni-xprrlrd TrL-atmem of

Robert Hunfor Morris.

liaL jou suy iiiid give it tht* strirteel atk-ntiun, and len make the following Bpeecii in mytmame: rethren:

Yoar Cousins tlie Delawares,who live at Ohio. whom e have hitherto looked upon as our own Children, horn we nursed and cherished in our Bosoms, whom e have supported, and with whom we have lived from IT Infancy in perfect Love & Tenderness, have in a lOBt cruel manner fallen upon & murdered our In- abitants. People whose Houses were always open » them, and- who had given them every kind thing ley asked, rethren:

It was but the very last Year they gave us a kind lid a friendly Meeting, and at their own Instance the reaties subsisting between us were mutually re- I'wed; and when they parted with us they gave us isurances of their continuing our Friends whilst the raters should run down the Rivers. And on our part, » token of the sincere Love we bore them, we then >ld them that the Times were Stormy, that they were iueh exposed where I hey lived to Danger, and were ut few in number, & consequently a very unequal atch for Onon tie's People; & therefore in Tenderness • their Lives, & to prevent Evil befalling them, we *sired them not to engage but to continue quiet till ey should hear further from us. They acknowledged is as kind advice & thanked us, & promised to do so, ^d confirmed all by Belts of Wampum, 'ethren :

All this passed between us but the very la«t Year, d we never dreamed that their Hearts could be pois- ed by the Enemy; or the Flame of Ix)ve so soon ex- iguished in their Breasts; but the Truth is, that with- t giving us any notice these Indians have entered our 'evince in Arms and killed the poor People that were ttled on our Borders. Innocent I'ersons who were

	1	"^^^^^^9
	526 Papers of the Goveraors, resting Pt^areablv in their beds and expecting no li:iriri! thvy struck the Tomahawk in their Braiofi; fl'liuir Houses uikI Htaeks of Corn & Hay ^^e^e mt on b'ire; Their i'attle s^tabbed and their Carcases they l**ft welteriiiir in thuir Blood exposed to Tlie WiW Beastfti— no friviidlj hand daring to put them onder Ihe earth. Our Pet ►} lie lived without arm a — they thnn ght tl»pre ^vaK jieed of Anu??. lieinj^ secure of the Friendship of he Indians;. The Warriors of all Nations passed and [■(^-passed and never linrt them, but partook of what rliey bad. Your CousiuR knew this, and yet they bave it»t only fallen iijron our Inhabitants and killed tlieni, Mif have exe relived greater Cm el ties that the FreTirh 1 ihliitiis f-v r <liil ill all lln- las! Wur. \lvi'\hvvn (if Mh' Six Tin led Xatiiins: Tlii'sp MHlnssai'Ms ai^ ynnr t'liasnii^ *V iiiMlcr uiwv i>i r< linn. W'i- thfivfiMv -ni]aaiai Von \\rA\ ilirv 1sj*vh
	■

Robert Hunter Morris

BrethreB :

j III behiilf of this Government I thaok you for und^T*

takiijg this Jmuney to nn, and Ihaxik the Jf?ix Nations

I fur tht! friendly Messatret and hope it is sincere. The

' People have been sitting ever since they came to Towii^

But tannot agree wifh them. Tbey want to break

' open the Key of the Proprietaries Chest, but they not

having entrust I'd \m* with the Key I canuot permit

, them to hrealc il iipert^ Bnt tbo' we differ in other

j matters, and dou*t ai present agree about paying our

own people, yet we all agree in this to presc^rve our

Friendship with them the Indians of Six Nations, & to

aecommodate them with every thing necesj^ary.

As to hnildin^ a Fort at Sbaniokin or other proper place 1 duuht not we shall agree to do it, but till we are ag^reed on it I cannot give them jmsitive Assur ances of it, but shall as soon as we have agreed.

As to necessarys, they are to apply to Mr. Weiser's where every thing will be lodged fitting for them.

In return for your friendly Offices in doing what we have & shall do, we desire they will keep a good Look- out and strike & oppose any that might attempt to hurt U9, and from time to time give us timely and early notice of such attempts; That there are many idle people that make no Distinction between Friends and Enemy Indians, & therefore recommends it to them to keep together and avoid going into places 'W'here they may be in danger of being hurt; That he e:3cpected them back with the Answer from the Six ^NTations, Yt. they may apply to Mr. Weiser for Advice.

Wishes them a good Journey, & that his good

^^^ishes shall always be imployed for them.

' urn

and now llie l anipai<»ii is uruugi vou will enjoy Kaso ^: T.eisure i*n ()l>l>ortunity of perfectly re-establi The unhappy defeat of Genl. Bi an Indian War upon this and the inces, and from a Quarter where i I mean the Delawares and Shawa thought there was no danger, as tl Year given us assurances of th< and taking part with ns when we s so; and they made the same pro tions, so that we depended on thei neuter but to prevent other Indij Freneh. But to our great surpriz< of their Treaties & in Defiance oi whom they are subjects, fallen u] tants and exercised on their perso Barbarities, killing their Cattle Houses, and destroying all befor< conceive what a vast Tract of Con ulated by these merciless Savage all the Families from Augusta to the River Delaware have been

Robert Hunter Morris, 5-29

takt* the Freedom to dt sire on the ji^^t of this Govi^ru- ment that you would lie pleased to s*eud a Mefssage to the t>ix Niitioim to iiirurm Ihem of this Defection of iiie lieliifVttrtfB ttuii bimwainmt; buiii iruiu um Hl ikcitlf ' with all its horrid Oircnmstances, and amnre ihem that is it without the least ProTocation from ns, but that as they say themselres it is to shew the* Six Na- tions that they are no longer Women, by which they mean no l<mger onder their Subjection; they hare the further Imprudence to say they will come ft attack nneb of the Six Nations as hare taken up the Hatch^ against the French. It will, therefor^ be right to warn the Six Nations in your Message not only against any attempts that may be made on their Castlas but to require them to send Messengers to all the Indians un- der their dependence not to aasist or join the French or their Indians, but to take up the Hatchet & assist the English, and to let them know that if they go (»ut a fighting against the English the Six Nations ^ill consider them as Enemies & treat them as such.

You will see by the enclosed Papers that thc^e French Shawonese and Delaware^ have offered the French Hatchet to the Sasquehannah Indians but they have refused to take it, and have sent a Message to this Governmeut that they have done so, & will fight with us if we will suy)port them, and the>' shall be or- dered to do so by the Six Nations. Be pleased, there- fore, in your Message to inform the Six Nations of this, and desire they will send a particular Message to these Sasquehannah Indians, commanding them to assist the English against the French.

I intend to build a Fort at Shamokin this Winter, of which be pleased likewise to acquaint the Six Na- tions, & I doubt not they will approve this measure as absolutely necessary to protect the Indians for the common Security of them and us.

34— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

530 Papers of the Governors.

I have enclosed you the minutes of Council contain- ing what passed between this Government & Scar- rooyady, & likewise some secret Intelligence^ which you will make your own use of, concealing the name of the Author.

I am, Sir, Your most obedient humble Servant,

ROBERT EL MORRIS. To Genl. Johnson. Philada., 15th Novembr. 1765.

To the Assembly suggesting a Plan by which the Taxation Bill can be Made Satisfactory.

GENTLEMEN: - I have again taken in Consideration your Hill for striking Sixty thousand Pounds and sinking it by a Tax, and tho' 1 cannot recede from my former Opinion that I am restrained by my Commission from passing, any law for taxing the Proprietary Estate, yet I agree with you that the Dispute between us whether the Proprietary Eirtate ought to be taxed by Act of the Legislature here, and whether I have a power by my (Commission to pass auy Act for that purpose, must in the end be determine<l by his Majesty.

But as I conceive the Method you i)ropose b\ a Clause in your Bill of leaving that matter to the Royal Determination is unprecedented, and that his Majesty cannot proi)erly give his Assent to sH)nie parts of an Act and i*eject others, but will agreeable to the usual Forms in such Cases approve or disapprove of the whole, I have, therefore, returned & am ready to j)a88 your Bill with some Amendments, the most material of which are the striking out that Clause and those parts of the Bill which subject the Proprietary Estate to Taxation, and in lieu thereof I propose that yon shall prepare another Bill, whereby the Proprietary

Robeit H timer Murris. 531

Eshnt- ^llr^U le (ax<'<l in proiHjrtiou to the othm' Es^ lat*'S iii tlir Prnvijicf ;m*J fur the sainr jiin posr^s; not. by Assessing chosen by the People, but by OojnmiBgion- ^rs to be nrntnaUy chosen by yon and me and named in the Bill, with a suspending Clause that the same shall not take elTect or be in force till it has received his Majesty's Royal Approbation.

This Mode of doing it will, in my opinion, as effec- tually answer the end you propose of laying this affair before his Majesty for his Determination, & I think more properly and methodically, and in the mean time, without waiting for that Determination, M&ney will be raised for supplying the present Exigencies of the Province.

I must confess that nothing but the implicit Gon^ fidence I have in his Majesty's goodness & justice that he will disapprove of it if it is wrong, & the mosit sin- cere and ardent desire I have of doing every thing in my power for the good & security of the people commit- ted to my Care, could induce me to pass a Law in any shape for the Taxing the Proprietaries estates, And if you are equally sincere & equally affected with (he Distresses and Misenes of your bleeding Country, you can ba^^e-no objection to this Method of affording them immediate Succor and Relief.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS.

IMiilada., November 71th, 1755.

To the Assembly Recommending Immediate Pro- vision of Funds for Present Necessities.

GENTLEMEN: The Secretary will lay before you the Intelli- gence I have received that the Indians have fallen upon the Inhabitants of Tulpehoccon, many of whom they have destroyed.

Papers of the Governors.

the nni 1 have atncnded and returned ia you luey can be isfc§ue(l till January next, brfore whieh reiUeBt part of this Proviflce may be laid waste,

* people des*tnned or drove from their llabita- 1 tliink it» therefurej my duty upon tiie prc*^^iit

fiiey of Atlairs to call upon yon lo gnmt an un- ite Hu]>ply of money that I may be thereby en- to atlurd the ueuessary and timely ai^si^ianiH} f di!4tre»8ed luhnbitants in the Back CiJtintie$ nni nire the Frovinee in generaL mid you eiuible me to raise moo upon the pre»«mt ion I niUHt recommend and press it upon you to a Law for the better Government of such Forces,^

* time wheu they are not joined by any of his Ma- '*B regular Forces, For which you en n not have a V s*laiidard than vhe Act uf Parlianieut ff>r pun- ^ Mutiny and Hesertion, which is in i*tnne thin^'^ dy extended to tbij^ l*rovinee.

thont a Law of thi^ kind it wcmiIiI lie iitiposisible

Robert Hunter Morris, , 533

tiie Town of Rt-ading, wbich ifi wUhin al}out Sixty Miles of til is *'it;)", aud tbo* 1 am in hain^n thtnr vvnA pn>gresB wiJl bt stopped loug before they can come Lither^ yet hb 1 eau get no certain Int*^iligence of tlieir Htrength or of the nuujher of freneb njen that are a* mong them, 1 think it my duty to take every cantiou- ary measure in my po wer for the preservation 4*^ »af ety of the People & Province*

I must, therefore, recommeDd it to you, Gentlemen of the Corporation, *^ through you to the People of this City to be upon their Guard, and ready to take such measures for thi* safety of the City and Province a» the motions of the Enemy may make ueee^sary; And that you may he prepared not only to defend yoarselveB but to afford your asatotance to sucli parts of the Country as may Rtand in need of it, I must desire that you, the Mayor, Recorder, and Alderman, will recommend to me proper pei'sons to be appointed Offi- cers upon the present occasion, To whom I will imme- diately issue Commissions. I am, Gentlemen, Your most Obedt. humble Servant,

ROBERT H. MORRIS.

To the Assembly Further Concerning the Taxation , Bill.

GENTLEMEN: I am no less astonished than grieved to find by your Message of the eighteenth Instant, that altho' I have even ventured to exceed what I judged to be the Powers of my Commission, in order, if possible, to accommodate our unhappy Differences and afford the necessary Succor to our bleeding Country, yet still you adhere to your Bill & refuse to agree to the reasonable

late French eiicnKichnients U[ that time the Asseml)ly being jeet of Defence first introduce! sionally continued this Claim Bills pas??ed a» tendered, with And this appears to be done if wit, either wholly to avoid givi purposes, or by means of the Coi gate Powers which Assemblies from the nature of our Constitu in possession of.

In my Message of the 24th of that this Claim was neither ^ nor yet by usage; and it appeal Council (some Extracts of which the Governor's right of Amenc never (|U(»stioned by y(»ur Pred( And yet, dentlemen, they were n Fortune were at least equal tc them were singularly remarkal Knowh^dge of the Constitution well as an inviolable attachmc

.Kobert Hunter Morris.

come from me, however leaAOnable and necessary they may otherwise be.

Yon say there is no necessity in the method iHroposed, that the Grown shonld assent to some parts of the Act and reject others. It is not my business to deter- mine what the Crown may account necessary in any of its Actions; but this I know, that is, is the estab- lished mode either to approve or reject the whole of any Law; And I presume every Legislative Body in these Colonies expect to have their Acts wholly r^ jected or wholly approved. You ought, therefor^ pre- Tions to your risking the rejection of so important an Act on account of the Proprietary Exemption^ to shew more than a bare probability that the Crown will adopt this unprecedented method by which a whple Xaw may be first approved, then a part of it suspended from taking effect and yet the whole is to remain all the while compleat and in Force. And all this you say by a very nice distinction is to be done by means of some wonderous Virtue of the Law itself, and in ex- ecution of the Law, and yet that it is to Cost two dis- tinct Acts of the Crown to do it.

But was I to enquire into the reasons of this indirect and perplexed method, scarce any other it should seem to me can be assigned, but that it is your Sovereign pleasure to have it so, unless you are diffident of the Justice of your Cause and dare not trusit it on its own Bottom, perhaps vainly imagining that if both the Taxes are blended together you have a better chance of being gratified in your ambitious view of getting your Chief Governor and his Estate subject to your Mercy than if the Bills are separated, in which case you probably fear that the Merits of the Cause alone might determine it against you.

For my part, I have such an implicit Confidence in the Royal Justice, that I am certain if the Proprie- tary Claim to an Exemption be just in itself, the pres-

53^ Papers of the Governors.

ent or any other Law by which they are taxed woald be rejected in the Common iHethod, although the Crown should be thereby for a time deprived of the greatest sums. Wherefore as I foresaw the manifest inconvenience that might ensne from a total rejection of the present Law, I proposed a separation of the two parts of the Bill by which method the present Exigen- cies of the Province wonld be supplied whatever might be the Royal Determination with regard to the Pro- prietary Exemption.

But you tell me in the next place that my imiposal also implies a contradiction^ namely: to paas one Bill declaring positively that the Proprietary Estate shall not be taxed and another expressly to Tax it; and the good-natured Construction you put upon thia ia that I thereby aimed to secure an infallible Exemption of the Proprietaries from Taxation by leading yon into an absurdity in the mode of taxing them. This I shall leave auioug the rest of your groundless Charges aj^ainst nie,and observethat the Bill as amended by me only excei)t8 the Proprietary Estate in the Taxes to be laid by that Bill, but no where that I can find declares (Mther positively or otherwise that it shall not be taxed by another Bill, so that the absurdity you mention do(^ not appear to nie. Ho\\^ver, if what you are j)h^a8ed to eall the diametrical Contradiction of the two proposed Bills be really any objection with you, I shall very readily ajrree to one Amendment more, which will perfectly reconcile them by the addition of a very few Words to the Exemption Clause in the first Hill as follows: [The Estates of the Honourable Thomas Penn and iJichard Penn, Esquires, excepted, which »hall be tax(^ in the manner directed by a i>ar- ticiilar Law passed (or to be passed) for that purpose]. Thus both Bills will declare positively that the Pro- prietaries are to be taxed if his Majesty shall so think fit.

Robert Hunter Morris. 537

Vour Extnii tH from the votes of tlje House of Com- moos prove nothing to the purposi^ for which yon quote them; they only ghew what nobody denk***, that by the ronHtitution of Enj^land the Coraraonw have lon^f L^Jainted the Priviled^^t" of having their Supply Bills f»aBBed or rejected wirhout AinendmentH, but are by Dio nitons applicable to the Circumstances of this Pni* rince.

The Constitutioii of England is of long standrng, founded upon antient n«age ft ripened by time ft the wisdom of Ages to its present perfection. There the King, Lords and Commons make up the Supreme Pow- er, to each of which the Constitution has assigned par- ticular ft peculiar prerogatives, Bights, ft Privil^eSy in order to keep ujp a proper Ballance and make them (what for the benefit of the Nation they ought to be) SI check upon each other.

The Constitution of this Province is founded upon certain Royal & Proprietary Charters, being subordin- Rte, and no way similar to that of England, nor com- fK>sed of the like constituent parts. Here the whole {)Ower is lodged in the Governor & Ass^*mbly, who have all along exercised equal Legislative powers, each of them having a right to propose Laws and to amend ^what is proposed by the other.

Till, therefore, you can shew that the Constitution of this Province is similar to that of England, com- posed of the like parts, and that each of them have the like or similar powers and privileges, you can found no claim upon the usage of Parliament for hav- ing your Money Bills passed without the Governor's Amendments and therefore your Extracts from the Votes of the House of Commons were a very needless addition to your Message.

You mention twenty Amendments offered by me to the Bill of last A»s(^mbly, & that you being a new body [composed almost wholly of the same Members],

538 Papers of the Governors.

admitted every one of them that was of any Conse- quence into the present Bill, excepting that of exempt- ing the Proprietary Estate. But this one Amendment was of so material Consequence that your refnsal to admit of it made the proposal of a separate Bill a neces- sary Expedient and obliged me to make other Amend- ments, so that you had no reason for bursting out in- to such a lofty strain of Rhetoric, telling me that now I am for amending my own Amendments, altering my own Alterations, and adding to my own Additions; for had you agreed to my first Amendments, Alter- ations, and Additions, any future ones would have been needless.

You speak of many Bills proposed in vain by you for the relief of your distressed Country. 'Tis true you have in all propo^-d to me five Money Bills, three of them rejected because contrary to Royal Instruc- tions. The other two were rejected on account of the unjust method i)r<)i>osed for taxing the Proprietary Es- tates If you are dis])()sed to relieve your Country, you have many other ways of granting Money to which I shall have no objection.

In Ihis as well as in some other Messages, you affect to treat nie as a Stranger, and toll me that it i« at least in'ohable yon are more deeply concerned for the Distresses of this Country than I am, because most of you are natives of it and have your Estates in it. I am surprised, Oc^ntlemen, that you do not blush to have recourse to such weak and fallacious reasoning. Altho* I was not born within the Limits of this Pro- vince. 1 was born in its Neighbourhood. Nay, the Thief part of my Estate lies much nearer to this City than the Estates of some of you who sit in Assembly, and when your Estates are in danger I can by no nutans think mine safe. And here I would observe, that if the Consideration of being bred up among You and po^'acssing larg<» ] n perty ii tYe '•rovince could have

e^irad jowc good Treatment of any Governor, my (Bfliediate Predecessor had the fairest Claim to snch ^rantment, & would have been exempted from those boufold abuses which it has been his Lot as well as liae to receive at your hands. But I conceive, Gen- l^nen, that our Actions, not the place of our Estates r IJativity, are the best Test of our Affection for this k^nntry. You will suffer me, therefore, briefly to re- lew your Conduct aud mine, and to leave them both 0 speak for themselves.

And here was I inclined to go beyond my own times; iii%ht begin with remindg. You how cont^oaptuous- y you tr^ted the Proprietary offer of Pour hundred ^onnds for erecting a place of Strength on the Ohio, ogether with an offet* of one hundred Pounds per an- mm towards its support, which offers were made at L time when your Concurrence would probably have irevented many of the Calamities we now groan un- ler.

I might also observe, that when Mr. Hamilton first •ailed upon you persuant to his Majesty's orders, to ^rant such Supplies as would enable him to draw forth he Strength of the Province & to repel Force by Force, rou would not admit that the French Encroachments md Fortifications on the Ohio were within our Limits, )r his Majesty's Dominions, thereby seeking an excuse 0 avoid doing what was required of you; And when ifter the loss of much time you thought fit to drop :his dispute, you then entered upon a fresh one con- •eming the Legality of Royal Instructions in order itill to gain more time & avoid doing what you judged nconsistent with your Principles; nevertheless, it is *lear, that if you had complied with Mr. Hamilton's *equest, and given Seasonably what Money the excise *ould rai^ in the Term he proposed, the French might lave been prevented from strengthening themselves in their present unwarrantable Encroachments.

540 Papers of the Governors.

On my accession to the Government you began upon the same Dispute and delay; but as I am informed that there was a full and strong Ueprescntation, both of your Conduct & mine so far as related to the Dis- putes in the beginnin^^ of my Administration, laid be- fore his Majesty in a Report of the Lords Commipsion- ers of Trade, upon your Address concerning Instruc- tions, I shall go no farther back than December last.

On the 19th of that Month, I communicated to you .a letter from Sir Thomas Robinson, notifying his Ma- jesty's intentions of employing four Regiments for the defence & Security of these Colonies to be raised and augmented in America, & requiring a sum of Money towards a general Fund, and to have Three thousand men in readiness with a proper quantity of Provisions &c., the whole to be under the direction of a General Officer of Character, who was to be sent a* Comnuinder-in-Chief of all his Majesty's Forces in tliOH<' ]>arts^ but you did not think flt to raise a single man, or ji;ive one farthing of Money in Compliance with this re(iut*st; 1 did also at the same time recommend it to you, to pr(»pan* a I.aw for regulating the Wages to be paid ])y such Tradesmen, llorses & Carriages, as it nii^ht be no((*Hsary to impress into his Majesty's Service; To this you replied "That you could not pre- suiiu* the Military Oflieers would, or ought to have any Power of impressing Tradesmen within this Province, iK: that the other j>arts of my Message might remain under Consideration without any considerable Incon- veni(»nee.''

As soon as the (J(Mieral arrived I again recommend- ed it to yon to mak<» an immediate Provision for raising th(» men iV: sup]»lyin^ the Money and other necessarios ex|)erted from this Tiovinee, and did throughout the whole Summer fiom time to time press you to grant your aid «S: assist ane<» to the Ex|HHliti<m then on Foot, but yon had om* general answer for all, namely, That

Robert Hunter Morris. 541

if Bome Bill which yoa had always ready to offer for striking a 8am of money for the King's Use should once be imssed it would answer all the purposes re- quired of yon^.and yet every one of those Bills were all the while liable to one & the same objection, on the footing of the Boyal Instructions. And, besides this, jou never took the least notice of the Demand for a supply of men, which from this populous Province was at least as material an Article as Money.

At last, upon the Defeat of his Majesty's Forces for want of that timely suport & assistance which it was in the Power of this Province to have afforded, I laid before you in the strongest Terms the Dangers to which this Country stood exposed, and called ap<Hi JOU to put it into a pot^ture of Defence that t)|S 3 might be secured against the Invasions nati expected in consequence of that defeat, but all tliis Was to no purpose. However, having been informed of the Report of the Lords of Trade against your address, and that your conduct was generally condemned in England, you thought fit to drop the old dispute con- cerning Instructions and to start a new one about tax- ing the Proprietary Estate, which you very well knew I had no power by my Commission to do. Besides, as the Proprietaries were absent and this your extraor- dinary Claim related to a matter of Property, and was contrary- to a Law in Force, you could not imagine that it would be easily given up or speedily determined, and, therefore, you con Id propose nothing by it, but, as usual, to evade the point of raising an armed Force & granting the necessary supplies; And now, when in Consideration of the Distresses of this unhappy Coun- try I have consented even to exceed the powers of my Commission in order to lay that dispute before his Majesty by a separate Bill for that particular purpose, you start a new Claim unknown to former Assemblies of having your Bills, giving Money, passed without

542 Papers of the Governors.

Aiiieuduieut», and upon no better Foundation than this iuiagined privilege you refuse the necessary As- sistance to your bleeding Country. But, Gentlemen, 1 must tell you that I oannot consistent with my Duty or the Trust rei>osed in me, recede from my Amend- ments to that your Dill; And here give me leave to express my Satisfaction at your intended Complaint against me, and to assure you that nothing gives me greater pleasure than the hopes of having my Conduct and yours laid before the Crown, where I hope they will both undergo the strictest Examination, and as I cxi>ect no favour from you, so I am not afraid of the utmost (efforts of your malice, being conscious to my- self that I have done nothing to the prejudice of the |KM)ple committed to my Care, or neglected any thing in my powt»r that could tend to their security or last- ing happiness.

T'pon the whole it appears clear to me that you never initMidcd that any of your Hills should pass for raising >r(»n(\v lo defend the Province, and this seems now to be placed beyond all dispute, since those Peojde under wliose Inllnence yon nre cliiefly known to be are said to have derlared i>ul»lickly to you that they would sooner snlVer than |)ay towards such purposes.

However, I shall jMit one proof nionc\ both of your sin<(Tity iS: mine in our j)rofe»sions of regard for the jMiblirk, by otTering lo agree to any Bill in the present Kxigi'ucy which it is c(»nsistent with my Duty to pass. lest, before (nir present Disputes <'an be brought to an issue, we should n(Mlher have a jirivilege to dispute about nor a Tountry 1(k dispute in.

ROBERT ni-NTER MORRISJ.

IMiiladelphia, Novr. 22nd, 1755.

Extracts from the Minutes of Council Commencing from the Proprietary William Penn, Esqr., His Leaving the Province in 1701.

On the old Proprietary's Departure from the Pro- rlnce in 1701 Andrew Hamilton, Esqr., was appoint- ed Lieutenant Governor,* but by reason of the unset- tled state of the ProTince, and the Assemblies difCer- Ing with him chiefly on account of his pressing them to make a Militia Law. & to provide for the Defence of the Province, no Laws passed in his time, and he dy- ing in March, J 703, the Council acted till Governor Evans' Appointment to the Government in February, 1703-4.

IN GOVERNOR EVANS' TIME.

1705, Decembr. 27th. A Bill for granting a Supply for Support of Government read in Council and agreed to with some Amendment.

January 12th. An Amendment insisted on by the Oovernor to the Bill entitled "An Act for a raising a Suply of Two-pence halfpenny Per Pound, and ten Shillings Per Head, vizt: That the Assembly should not have power to dispose of any part of the Money to be raised by that Act, without the Governor's Con- currence," and it was agreed by the House [all then present with their Speaker David Lloyd] that the Ae- sembly should have no power to dispose of any of the said Money but for discharging of Debts then incum- bent on the Province, and for the necessary Charges of their own House, and that in all other Cases the Governor's Concurrence with the Assembly should be required, and tlie said Supply Bill was accordingly passed with the said Amendment.

NOTE. — Governor Evans, soon after passing this Law, likewise differing with his Assemblies on the dis-

♦Elxtracts from the Minutes of Council, 1701.

170I>, July 29th. In a met to th(^ (Jovernor prej^ising b which had been sent up to hi that and former Assemblies, i Bills for raising Monies by C are these words vizt.: Where thy Concurrence with what ot be prepared by this Assembly to let us know thy objections shall readily agree to any i Amendments^to them.

August inth. In a Messag the House, on his sending ba new draw^n by them, with son Clause:

The Governor is very desire distinct from that of Courts m ceeded upon by a Committee for he in of opinion with the the safest mcfthod to bring es a separate Act, that in case oi the rest may not fall with it.

And accordingly a di^*tinct T^

I

Robert Hunter Morris.

> ivbritig a supply of fwo peuee per Pound and eight Ter Head:*^ "An Act for li censing Taverns ;" Act for laying a Duty on Negroen, ^Vine, Ilimi, ftea*/' called the Impo«t Act, and an Act for com pell Ing tbe paying of all former Taxes allowed by tlie House & passed therewith.

1711, July 20th. Aniendments propoeed by the Got* ernor and Council to the Bill entitled ***^ Act for rai&- lag of Two thousand PoundB to the Queen 'g use [for the Canada Expedition] by a Tax of 5|8. per pound Bind twenty if^hil lings Per head ;*' one of which Amend- ment was, that the MonieB should be paid by the Treaa- urer as the Uovernor should direct and appoint.

And the said Act waa passed with the Goyemor's Amendments.

1712, May 27th. Amendments proposed by the Gov- ernor & Council to the Bill intituled "An Act for rais- ing Money on the Inhabitants of the City of Philadel- phia for the Publick use and benefit thereof;" Which passed the seventh of June after, with several other imended Bills, for raising Monies by Duties, &ca.

1714-15, Mar. 28. Impost Bill amended by the Gov- ernor.

1715 May 2r)th. A Bill for laying a Duty on Wine, =tum, &ca. A Bill for raising a Supply of one Penny ?er Pound, and one Shilling Per head, & a Bill for lay- ng a Duty on Negroes imported; all amended by the Governor, allowed by the House and passed.

IN GOVERNOR KEITH'S TIME.

1717 February 2 1st. Amendments proposed by the Governor and Council to several Bills, vizt.: "An Act for laying a Duty on sundry Liquors retailed;" "An Act for laying a Duty on Wine, Rum, &ca., and

35— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

were finished by th(^ House.-' ITlM, January iUtli. Amend

and Council to two Bills, vizt.

Duty on Wine, Rum, &ca.," an

Duty on Negroes, &ca.," & botl 1722, May 3d. Amendments

ernor and Council to *'An Act 1

Convicts, &ca." May 9th. And to the Suppl

mg County Levies.

IN GOVERNOR GORE

1729, May 10th. "An Act layi ers & Irish Servants;" Also ^' Thirty thousand Pounds," both ernor's Amendments.

1730-31, February 4th. The J Governor's Amendments to the for striking Forty thousand Poi

1731, January 20th. Clause ii of the Governors to a Messaire

'Robart Hunter Morris.

positioiis on any^ Bill that should come before him, be had done so in the present Case.

1733, January 19th. Elxeise Bill passed with the Gtoremor' Amendments. One of which was an alter- ation from Six-pence per Gallon to four pence; and an- other was to reduce the Time of the Continuance of the Act from Five to three Years.

IN GOVERNOR THOMAS' TIME.

1739, May 18th. A Money Bill, vizt.: An Act for re-printing & re-emitting the Bills of Credit, & for striking Eleven thousand Pounds, pasoed with aerial amendments of the Governor's.

1740, May. In a dispute between the Qov^nor & Assembly (Mr. Kinsey then Speaker) on the Bill for raising Money on the Inhabitants of the City, are these Expressions of the Assembly: If the Bill a- bridges the Corporation in their Privileges or be de- ficient in the Powers of the Commissioners and Ase sess, it may be amended by the Governor, & to which they would chearfully agree. And further. And the

Oevernor's powfT of insisting on any Amendment pro- J^osed by himself whore he shall think it just is what %^e never contended against.

1744, May 26tb. Governor's Amendment of Excise &ill, agreed to by the House & passed so Amended.

1745, May 3d. Money Bill, vizt.: An Act for re- ^mltting & continuinc^ the Loan of the Bills of Credit, ®:ca., Pa^ed with Governor's Amendments.

1746, June 24th. Act for raising Five Thousand bounds for his Majesty's use. Passed with the Gover- :^or'8 Amendments.

Papers of the Governors.

tlie Assembly Approving the Bill for Ordenng pncl Regnlating those who are Desirous to be United for Military purposes in the Province.

ENTLKMKX-

J have 4 utii^idered your Bill for the better order- ing and n^guJatiiig such as are willmg and diifsimo^ I be united fav Mihtary Purposes within this Fro- Ice, and tho* there are many things iu it of a very Iraordiaary nut are, and I am conrinied that it will ler answer the paq^ost) of defending thia Province, In if it could be eanied into Execulipti in any reas- IbleTinie, wiiidi 1 iim afraid it cannot. Yet to shew |i that J am demrous of doing any thing that ba^ I'll a rhaiiri^ of {oniiibiitiiif^ to i\u^ ssifrtv df tlir |ipk^ :ind i'mvintr. I sh'dW r<mMuiit 1<> yinir liiil hi sluipi* yuii h;n(' sent il, us il wniild be fiit^-rinjj^ h ir*'\\ iMspuhs slniuld I niiR^ud it pt'<i](erlv.

Kobert Hunter Monis, 549

for tbem that tbey have purchased tlir most of tliem more tliau onrej aod the IndianB mi their [>arU hava upon all aeeaiiiotiM acUnowledged this Justice, and in return made warm proft*88ions of their Friendship & AiTettiou to the Proprietaries & People of this* Pro- vince, and I never heard either of the particular Coiu- ptaint you mention in your Message of the Eii^hth In< Bhmr or of any Complin nt of the kind. However, m it wa*4 before my adniiuiBtration. I referit^d the matter to the t'onsideratiou of a roramittee of the Council, who have rarefoUy examined the several Treaties & Trans- aetions of those Indians, & have made a full Report am to the matters you enquire about, which I send yoti with this, and from which it seems clear to me that no such rvimplaint or promise was ever made,

HOnERT HUNTER MORRIS, Philadelphia, 22nd November, 1755.

To the Assembly Concerning the Arrival of Certain Deported French Nova Scotians.

GENTLEMEN: The success of his Majesty's Arms employed in driving the Frencli from their Encroachments in Nova Scotia, put it into the power of Governor Law- rence to reduce the French Inhabitants of that Colony, commonly called French Neutrals, to a proper obedi- ence to his Majesty's Government, or of forcing them to quit the Country. But they refumng to swear al- legiance to his Majesty, it was thought by him and his Majesty's Council there, as well as by the Ad- mirals Boscawen and ^foyston, for the safety of that Province, that a considerable number of them should be removed and divided among the other Colonies, and

^--<^f

Robert Hunter ilorris, 551

they sent nie an order upon their Reeeiver Gencrjil for Five tbouBaud pounds; as a free Gift to the piilv lick, to be applied to such uses as that Event might make necessarj^ for the common Securit^^^ of the Fro- vince.

This timely aud generous Instance of the Proprit^- trulefi care 4*1' anxiety for the Inhabitants ran not fail of making the most laf^ting impressions ui)on the utindi^ of every well wisher to this country.

I have directed the receiver Qenernl to havi.* the money rpady as soon nn possiblej and it nill be paid to ftnch persons as shall be appointed by Act of Assem- bly for I he disposition of any sum you may think necessary tn raise for tht: Defence of the Province in this Time of Danger.

Upon this occasion. Gentlemen, I must again recommend it to you to lay aside all Disputes, and to grant such Supplies, in addition to what the Proprie- taries have given, as his Majesty's Bervice & the pres*- ent exigencies of the Province require.

HOBERT HUNTEB MORRIS.

Philada., November 24th, 1755.

Letter to the Proprietaries Concerning the Affairs of the Province.

Philadelphia, November 22nd, 1755.

SIR: I wrote you a few days ago by way of Dublin, and now send you a Duplicate of that Letter, and the Intelligence I hav(> since received of the mischiefs committed by the Indians, who you will observe, have fallen upon the Inhabitants at Tulpehoccon, killed several of them and d-'stroyed many Plantations. The

■	I	1 ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^1
	Papers of the Governors, Ic^ K^^^igtauce that is given to ttiese People will only euLOurnge them to go on in their Cruel Tradt t may tempt the French to come down upon us, llu*y kinnv Wij haw^ no Militia nor any other mean^ dt'fcudmg uuri*elvcs. Should that be the ease^ thit* ^e happy and llouriiihiug Province will be m a niis- bli' Condition by the spring, hut even without their , the Indians themselves may do more Mischief this nter than twenty years will repair^asthey lay waste 'vy thing before them, um will judge by the Messages that have iiassed ween uie and the Assembly of the temper they are much better than from any thing I can »ay. I >ught it right while the Provmce was invaded and n-^KH^nniis chiUKHir rnised by the Assembly u;rainst J iiii uvfttuui uf yiiTir r<^fiisjnj^ to cinil I'ilmte i\\\\ n;i luwimls thr mniUH:!! e.xpeTH e lo iimku the utbv Miy Mi'ssii^e ni ilie iritli Instnut, wliieb th<\v hnvt} iisrd \it ;i^itM* hK insi>;liii- on IIhmi nrw rhiiiii o!
1	■

Robert Hunter Morris.

"and to takeihe whole powers of it into rlieir own. To wkich end Mr. FnmkHn and others have s-^nt Armti and Annnunitinu into the eevenil eoimtyfi and dis- tributed theoi to ^uch IN-oplp as they thought profjer without uiy knowledgt^ or consent. TIuh I ewteem a very extraordinary ui^'asure, as the jjeople will be thereby taught to depend upon an Assembly for what , tliey should only rt*c*Mve from the Government, and if it is not criniiual I *uu sure it ouglit to be ho.

They have alfeo given presents to the Indians with- ont my privity or <'onseiit, and by a Bill they have sent me 1his HessLioju under pretenee of regulatinii; the Indian Trade, they propose not only to take that whole Trade into their own hand» and manage it hy a f/ommittee, but to take the Indiana entirely out of the hands of the (TOvernment» and least the trade it- self should not give them all the Influence they may have occasion for, tho profits of it are to be given by the Assembly in presents to the Indians.

I sent you by way of Ireland Copies of the Quakers' address and the Representations of the Inhabitants of Philadelphia to the Assembly, upon which I need not make many observations. I think that of the Quakers a very rash thing and a dangerous use of their Influence at such a time as this, when it becomes every good subject and true lover of his Country to further his Majesty's measures rather than obstruct them. But this their address will shew^ whatever their pretences and professions have been that they never intended to do any thing in defence of their Country, and that the Bill they now propose and in- sist on, is intended only to save appearances, as they have put it in such a shape that it is not possible for me to consent to it, & have refused to agree to the method proposed by me for taxing your Estate upon the Idle pretence of not suffering a Money Bill to b^ amended.

54 Papers of the Governors.

1

Upon my wordj Hir, 1 atu mor-h at a Lofis. wlial ty do

J the present situation of Atfairs, or whnt to attvise i>u to do. It IS very apparent to me tliat if mm*- it'iisiires be not soon taken at home for pi?giilatiiig latters here, tliat this Provine** will be either overrTui y tiie IndiaDg it l^reneli, or throw a into Internal and ivil Coinuiotion», the ^nd of whieb no one can vm iVB to foretelL The people have lo«t all isense of b**ilieaee to t Jovernnient and b.\v eouuteuaneetl by tk 8»embly who have Iheir own Scheme in view k lake u^' of the i>eopte to gain their fmintii. The Qnakera indeed do not wish you to pari witli w Government beeaiise they will have nincb laws ower under the Grown, but would willingly throw ^ TUTKh weij^ht as imi^i^ibk' hi to the AsseniMv. raukliii lias views that they know iiotliin^ of* aiifl lo* they submit to linn in the A!i^senil>ly, tin* niovt* ^HKiblf ptu't rjf lUeni are not heartily satins lied with is attiii'liinent to tlivni, Tlie troth, 1 believe is* that

Robert Hunter Morris.

wrate to O^ieral Shirley upon that Subject, who I hope by this time is at New York.

I own that had we a regular Militia these people migbt be an advantage by adding to the number of useful Inhabitants, but under our present Circum- stances I* am* fearful they may prove more injuriouB here than they could possibly have done at Nova Scotia; however, when I have General Shirley's thoughts upon the head I shall endeavour to dis- pose of. them in the manner most consistent with the secnrity of the Province.

You will observe by one of the Assembly's Mes- ^ sages herewith, they moan to throw the odium of the present Indian War upon you, by insinuating that you have not paid the Indians for their Lands, and tho' nothing can be more false and wicked yet such is the present temper of tho people that it will be too gen- <*rally believed. However, to prevent as much as may be any such Impressious, I have referred that Mes- sage to a Committee of Council, who will report to me the several Treatys and Transactions with the Shaw- onese Indians, which I shall send to the Assembly iind have published in tlie next Paper.

Herewith I send you the copy of a most curious

UVIilitia Bill that I have this day received, which you

:inu8t be sensible can answer to no good purpose, and

is really intended to amuse the people who call aloud

:for a Law to establish military order, without which

they seem convinced that notliing effectual can be

done for their defence, and tho' I am convinced that

it will do no good yet T believe I must consent to it

in the present Circnnistances of the Province, if it

be only to shew that I am willing to do any thing that

has even a chance of contributing to the defence of

the Province, and thereby to avoid the resentment of

a Mob that I am informed will be in Town from the

hack Countys in a few davs, and as the Assemblv have

56

Papers of the Governors,

r\ore Engines to employ than the Ooveruiiii^iit, ami cruple not to propagate any faUebocKlt^ J hat suit hem, it is more than i-robable that tliese peufiie, whm bey eomoj notwithBtand'og any thing 1 can do, may hink me the cause ot all their ^tilYt*Hiig64 nnd ftict iHoidingly, The p>eoi»le from York aud ('umbejiand 'ounties [ am told are to come down in a body and letition for a greater number of Repreaeutativ**?!, a« hey have uot their due proportion, ^ a body of tire luudred dutch fram Berks are to demaml I^lwh for rnmediate defence*

This manner of applying is extremely ditn^erom^i nd I ant satisfit'd will be productive of miinchief t»f ome Kort or other, bat time alone must rfiew wkfi* t will fall.

I muHt ihink that tlie riovernment at home ban* toa ting negt*'et(*d tb(." iuternnl Contlm-t of thi*8e (''oloniefi, nd have i^utlenHl A^^rmblye to go i^iieh uuwarraat-

ij.-. If

f+ji

Hil'HijvH^f i:>i»r^»^t* r\rm *if tluitTi 4 In* tlt*»ii7

Robert Huiilcr Morris. 557

beg you will lay these matters before Mm and make mj Excuses fw not writing by this opportunity.

I have only to add that I have besides Mr. Lardner named Baijamin Ohew^ Thomas Gadwalader, and John MilBin, Esq'rs. of the Council, and find great assistance from tliem.

I have the Honour to be, Sir, Your most Obedient humble Servant, BOBEBT HUNTEB MOBBIS. The Honble. Thos. Pcnn, Esqr.

t-^tter to the Proprietaries Acknowledging the Gift of Five Thousand Pounds,

s

i

Philadelphia, Novembr. 22nd, 1755.

Since closing a long Letter to you of this day 1 am favoured with yours of the fourth of October by way of New York inclosing an order for five thou- ^^nd Pounds. I have only time to give you my hearty ttianks for the sentiments you are so good as to enter- tain of my Conduct, and to assure you that I shall <^ontinue to exert my best abilities in discharging the I>uties of the Station you have honoured me with. ^Tou will give me leave to add that nothing could come ^Jc^ore critically than your generous & free Gift, which "^v^ill enable me to shew you to the people in a proper light, and I am in hopes will in great measure get the l>«tter of the Malice of those who have gone great lengfths to injure you in their opinion. Few of your friends know of the offer as yet, but I shall send a Message on Monday to the House upon the head, As soon as they meet, and this is Saturday night. I ^ould not let this Vessel go without acknowledging

55S

Papers of the Governors.

Nlu^ reri*ii*t of that Letter; and can only add that I

Sii", VrMir iiKJ8t ftiithful and obedient Servant, HODERT HUNTER MOUHIS.

I To llie A;^scnii>lv Concerning the Bill for Regiihting llie Indian Trade.

G

kntlkmp:n:

SiiM I* your Bill for regulating the Indian Tnlf

hiis iH-rii ItofoN* M\v my Time Lii?t hf^en so tiiiinli

hnki ri it|i uirh iht- \:iii."!y nl Itusincss ilijit ilir rjii illii

slinoi's iii [liis I'lnvhor luath* lOMi'SH^^smy \n li^ tli*

]»ji[rlHd >', ithoui dt^l;i>. liiat 1 liino jmM Iioimi nhl(' 1^^

;ivf il llu» < 'oasiilrial I( !} ^j IV\\] nf lljat Xafui''' f

Robert Hunter Morris. 559

Letter to the Provincial Commissioners Directing the Convocation of the Friendly Indians pn the Sasque- hannah to a Council at Harris' Ferry.

Philada., Ist December^ 1755.

GENTLEMEN: Upon considering the Btate of our friendly In- dianB on the River Sasqaehannah, I think it neces- sary that Messengers should be immediately sent to convene them to come down to Harris' Ferry, in or- der to concert meaBures with this Government upon the present Circumstancf^h of affairs, when it may be proper to communicate to them such parts of the Gen- eral Plan of operations as they may assist in the ex- ecntion of.

I am, Gentlemen, Your most humble Servant,

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS. To Isaac Norris, Jamks IlAMrLTON, John Mifflin, &ca., Esqrs.

To the Assembly with Regard to an Invitation to Participate in a Congress of the Colonies at New York.

GENTLEMEN: General Shirley, pursuant to his Majesty's Or- ders for that purpose, has recjuested me to meet him at New York, in a Congress he has tliere appointed, as you will observe by the Extract of a l^etter from him upon that Subject which the Secretary will lay before you. At that Meeting business of the great- est Consequence to his Majesty's Service and the safety of these Colonies will be considered and concluded, and the success of the next Year's operations may in

I560

papers of the Governors.

k^reat meiisure dt^pend 011 the timely resolutiuiis of that |(AjuneiL

1 havt- hiivly riK-eived such Intelligeuce as to the Istatt* *if Indian AlTnirs as will niakf? it nec<?*i8arv for ■tin* ( i^ltmit-H to \mn in i^ome General Treaty with those lpr^j|ih', a^ Wi'll to the Southward as to the Nortliwaii Iwhicli L'un no way so well he resolved on at* at the Con* |^n!*ss iiijw already met.

And on the other hand the late Incursions of the iKiirnjy, and the net^^Si+ity there Is of putting this Pro- Ivinei^ into a post n re of defence, as well as carryiaginto iKxecntioQ tlie several matters now in Agitation, nill Ifor my prt^sence and th** Authority of the Goyernment. Irndcr these T>inienlties T t^nd myself at a loss which Isi^iviif^ to prrfi^j'. Mild ill sire yiJii will j^ivr rnr ynnr Srii IttnuiHs iia this moniiMilon^ .K: pn^ssin^ *>r*rasi(OL

RfiMKirr firxTi'K muhkis

Robert Hunter Morris, 561

It gives me a true pleaetire to find you m%* under Ibc* force of KcligtoiiB Imiireseion^, and sptnik iu so artVetioBat'* a maner c^f the gi-cat Author of tlie Chris- tian Balvation^ our Lord Jesii^ Chriat.

As ;rou have niatle it your own f hoit*e to bt*c'oia%? Members of our Civil Sot-ietj & Subjects of the same GovernnifHt, and d^^tt^rinme to share the same Pate with as, I i^hall make it my <^an: to extend the same l*rotection to you i\^ lo the other SubjeLts of his Ma- jesty, and as a Testimony of the Regard paid by the G over nn lent to the di^iti-ef^sed State of that part of the Province where you have suiTered so uimth, 1 have de- teraiiiied to build a Fort at tlnadeilhutteii, from which you will receive equal Heeurity with the White People under my Care.

I have not tlie leu 8*^ BUBpicion of your having been concerned in the late Mischiefs. Your precaution & flight are an Evidence of your Innocence, & I take in good part your Professions of Truth and Fidelity to your Brethren, and thank you for them.

I heartily Commiserate your losses, and think you entitled to Relief; and as I intend to send for all our friendly Indians to come and confer with me in this Time of Danger, I shall let you know the time when I shall meet them, and desire you to be present, that I may speak to you at the same time.

In the mean time I desire you will be of good be- haviour, and remain where you are. Given under my hand and the Lesser Seal of the said

Province at Philadelphia, the Fourth day of Decem- ber, Anno Domini, 1755.

ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS.

36— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

Icssagc to the Indians Living at Wyomink, Nesco- pecka and Shamokin,

THE IKhXO VRABLE ROBERT HUN- ter Morris^ E^sf/fiire^ Lietdetmnt Oovemof <& Oimmander-m-Vlusfof tJie JMM*inm of Peiin^ylmnm and Count le^ of ^^ew CeustU^ \e7it^ and Sii^sex^ upon Delaware^

th£ Indians livinfj at M'yomlnk^ Nesmpeoa^ tmi

m

Irethren:

I Tho reiii>le of tin? i'rovtiice have always consid^rli

^u as theii^ 0T\"n FJesih & Blood* and it l^eing a tfaoe

[>iiTi<:*^r, ;ii(^ mux inns \\\ knnw I !u' state and f'nti irinii of viiiir AtT;iii>t, *V: t<( ^nvr vnii \\\v ^Iroilp'Kt As |]r;irif'is nf I fir *'nTitHni;in< r of thiir AlTrrrii*M fnr

Robert Hunter Morris, 56 J

Jrfithreu:

1 mi^aii this ijivUatioii to coiuf to Couucil, not only (for ytm liut for iiU th<* ludiauf^ that art* 10 your Neigh bourlicxul, & desire jou will send Messcugersi forth- with* to Unite them to it in my Name; and I expeet a larf^e ininiber will Aecompanj you ats I have uiany^ inattei-t^ to communieate of very great CooBequenct^ to all the lodiauB. Brethren :

Hitherto we have not been a Warlike People, hat w^ have «een our Error, and are de terminal to act with Vigour^ and let the Indlang see w^e are capable of defending of ourselves against onr En^mys, & a(* fording our Friends and Allies the Proteetion they have a right to di'mand of u»j in virtue of the Treaties HubHEtisting between us. Brethren :

I desire you will not hearken to any Stories that may be told you, to the prejudice of us your Brethren; We are your hearty Friends; We propose to give you the strongest Marks of our Confidence, and whatever you hear to the contrary, give no Credit to it. Brethren:

A Company of Warriors of the neighbouring Pro- vince of Jersey found some Indians near a place where mischief had been just done by the Enemy, and not knowing but they might have been concerned in that Mischief, they took them up and confined them. As soon a» I heard of it I sent a Message to the Gov- ernor of Jersey, and desired him to send them to me; and you may be assured they shall be well taken care of, and if I find them innocent I will bring them with me to the Congress. Given under my hand & the Lesser Seal of the said

Province, at Philadelphia, the eighth day of De-

	• 4 Papers of the Governors, L'fuibei, in ilie Vt^ar of our Lord one thoufcyind ?even liiiiidred ami J1ftj'flvt\ ROBERT HUNTER MORRIS.
struct ions to the Cqt}i in issi oners to the Wyomink Indians. YSTRUCTIONS OF THE JIONOUEABLE Rohert Ilufiter Morns^ £sf/ufri\ Lleitteriant Goiw- nor ih Cinumatiihr-iu- Chief of the Pmrlnce of /ifi^j/lmifiia^ mid (onittf^in of A^cm'cwstle^ Kf/itj db

Robert Hunter Morris,

565

Id eau^ the ludiatii^ aLnnot lit got to^etlier of otfer gofKl retmous that tliey raDiiot be ready to come witb you direetly, eudeavor tv ptTsuade as many of their Chiefs as you ean to came, and desire the re»t may follow ng M^on la^ they eotivemently eao.

But if they give you a eool KeceptioD and dt^eliue the luvitatiou altogetlier^ then yon are to eudeavor to diRctJvt^r tlieii" true SeritiiiieDt & fatur** lX*s^ignfii by the miftesit and ino^t [irudeut methods^ in your Power, but if thei^e have not the desired etTeet then you ate to denuind an explicit ^^ poeitiTe Declaration whether they will jtdn with ns <»r no.

As tMjrtu as you receive a determined answer either favorable or otherwifH\ dip^mteh a trusty and proi^^r Me*^eiiger to Mr. Honafifdd at Bethlehem, who has my ord<'r?i to ffc*nd it foiwjird by Exprei^s to this City.

You are to keep an exact Dairy or Journal of your I)roceedings & make report to me thereof at your Re- turn.

You are to conduct & accompany the Indians from Wyomink to Harris' Ferry, & take cai'e that they be well treated, & that none of the White People molest or give them any uneasiness in their Journey; and when you draw near to our back Settlements, You are to dispatch a Messenger to me at Harris' Ferry to ac- quaint me when I am to expect them there.

You are to take with j'ou a sufficient quantity of the best White Wampum, to give at the delivery of the Message.

KOBERT HUNTER MORRIS.

Philadelphia, 8th Decemr.,1755.

566 Papers of the Governors.

Letter to the Council from Reading.

GENTLEMEN: I got to this Place at twelve o'Cloek this day after a cold but not a disagreeable ride, and about one was joined by the Commissioners from E&ston, who have left that Part of the Frontier very well guarded. What stay I shall make here is as yet un- certain^ but if nothing extraordinary happens to de- tain me, I hope to be at Harris' Ferry on Tuesday, where I have some reason to expect a few Indians from the West but none from the East Branch of Basque^ hanuah, as they have not had my Invitation, and are said to be in the French Interest, having given their ludians Leave to seat themselves at Neskopeken, a Town about midway between Wyoming and Bhamokin. and even undertaken to conduct them to our Settle- ments. This mutter is hinted at in Weiser's last Let- ter, but he has now more fully informed me of the In- lelligonce upon which he grounded the notice he then took of it, and whidi convinces me that the Enemy's Head Quarters lire thr-re, and that they will annoy us from thence, not only this Winter but the next Siiiiimer, unlesH they are dislodged from that advan- taj;(M)iis post.

TluM-e an* I llnd above one hundi*ed and thirty men ii|)oii tli(» Fronti(*rs of this County, besides the Guanl in this Town, and 1 shall consider with the Commis- sion<Ts whether it will be sufllicient and in what man- ner to post them, so as best to contribute to the Pub- lic Safety. I do not learn what Croghan has done to the west of Sascpiehannah, but expect to be in- foruKHl wlien I ji;(»t to Harris' Two Men wen* earrie<l oil last week from Swahatawro. I am, (i(Mitlenien,

Your most obedient humble Servant,

KOBT. H. MORRIS.

lleadint: January 1st, 1756.

Robert Hunter Morris, 567

Letter from Reading to the Council Referring to the Destruction of the Town of Gnadenhutten and Other Outrages*

Reading, JuDuary Gth, 175<>,

GENTLEMEK: I have only Time by the Return of the Express to aeknow ledge the reeeit of your Favour, and to approve of what you iifive done since 1 left you,

I beg you wou'd open all Jjelters that come to me upon his Majesty's Service, and in every case do what you tbiuk mojst for bia Majesty's Service and the good of the I*ublic, of whiL-h you are very good Judges. The Commissioners have done every thing that was proper in the County of Northampton, but the People are not ^fitlefied; nor, by what 1 can learn from the Commissioner, would they be unless every Man's House was protected by a Fort and a Company of Soldiers, and themselves paid for staying at home and doing nothing. There are in that County at this Time three hundred Men in Pay of the Government, and yet from Disposition of the Inhabitants, the Want of Conduct in the Ollicers and of Courage and Dis- cipline in the Men, I am fearful that whole County will fall into the Enemy's Hands.

Yesterday and the Day before I received the mel- ancholy News of the Destruction of the Town of Gnadenhutten, and of the greatest part of the Guard of forty Men placed there in order to erect a Fort. The particulars you will see by the inclosed Papers, so far as they are yet come to hand, but I am in hourly Ex pectation of further Intelligence by two Men that I dispatched for that Purpose upon the first News of the Affair, whose long stay makes me apprehend some mischief has befallen them. '

Last night an Express brought me an accot. that seven Farm Houses between Gnadenhutten and Naz-

568 Papers of the Governors

areth were <hi the First Instant burn I. iiliout tUf ^nme time thiat Gnadenhutten was, and mnu^ uf tlu^ IVojile destroyed, and the aconnta are this day ocm* tinned.

Upon this fresh alarm it is proposed that one oi the Commissioners retnm to Bethlehem and ESaston, and there give fresh Directions to the Troops and poot them in the best Manner for the Protection of the re- maining Inhabitants.

I am very busy in preparing the necessary Orden and Instructions upon this new Tom in the AHalrSy and can therefore only wlrii yon all Healtli and Happiness.

And am, Oentlemen, yonr most obedfent humble Servant,

BOBT. H. HOBBI8. To the Gentlemen of the Council bf Pennsylvania.

I propose to set off to-morrow.

Letter from Carisle to the Council Reciting the Situa- tion.

Carlisle, January 15th, 1756.

GENTLEMEN: The Messenger has been detained longer than was intended on account of the Business we have had to transact, and now brings with him my Orders for tlie Destination of the Regulars at Easton and Berks, where I am in hopes they will contribute to the security of the Province and give ease to the Inhabi- tants in those parts. T have not time to have my let- ter to Captain Joeelyn upon that Subject copied, so send you the original inclosed under a flying Seal, which you will order to be closed and sent to him ini mediately.

Robert Hunter Morris-

ive had two Cauferenees with the Indiansp that pre^ who art* luit fcMv, and they st*eiii hesirty in our Causae; the HDuiliness of their number leaves iiH Ikiom to do liuh* more that to exrbange our As*sijr- aiirfs of Fri^^ntislnp ;md to enj^a^e some of theiu a« MeHHenp:n"S to pronir*^ hiteUigfiire.

The ( 'oin!nis*sitmt*rw and 1 have agreed to eo|^ge three hun tired Men for thf^ Prott^ctioii of the Western Froii'tier* who jire to Ire >iitationed in Five fortn* ex- tending froni the Hiigar Cabins near Sidling Hili to SI Piare within nljotit twenty Mik^ of the Sask|iie- hiiiiFiah, and probably we may order a Fort on the West Kide of that river*

I iuui;^ine ft will i-Miuire all to-tnorrow to dii^pateh the Business that rt^niains to l>e dont^ here, and then we Bhall set o^it fm' Vorl^ and from thence to Lancais- ter, where I propose to meet the Conestogoe Indians and make them some Presents,, after which w^e shall go round l»y Reading and return. I am. Gentlemen,

Your most faithful and obedient humble Sei*vant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Instructions to Captain Joselyn Commanding the Detachment of Regulars in Pennsylvania.

Carlisle, January 15th, 1756.

^R:

^ I have yours of the Seventh Instant, giving an Account of the Arrival of the Detachment of Reg- ulars from New York, with General Bhilrey's Orders to you to put yourself under my Command; and when I was at Reading I consulted with the Members of the Council and Commissioners in what manner these Troops might be disponed of so as most eflPectually to

Papers of the Governors.

Qlribule to tlie Defence of the Province, and thcj' \ised me to i>OHt the Independents at the towti of istoiij in the County of Northampton, and tUe Greii* iers at the Town of Ileadingj in the Countj of Berk«^ lere Quarters will be provided for them* You will^ therefore, pleajse to order the Detach ineiit Greoadiera to march to Reading under the Com- iind of *iiiLh Officers as jou shall think proper, and u will Older Lieutenant Ogehie to march to llie >wn of Kaston with the Detachment of the Indepen- nt Companies and snth other Of!ic€^rs as yon maj ink necessary for that Service. You will give Orders to the Commanding Oflicera jipeetiveiy to use all possible DUif^enre in their arch, and to be paLficularly oar u fill that the Sol- era under their Command do no Injury to the in- ibitants or tbeir Crood«. And ivhereas, there are several PartiL^sii ut yUni in

infrnm me from Time to Time ot tbe Situation and Circamstanees of their Men . and of the Intelligence they may reeeive of the Knmbera and Motions of any Parties of Indians or French that may appear near the Settlements in that Part of the Proyince.

Ton are to apply to John MifBin, John Hng|ieSy and Eran Morgan, Esqrs., Ccnnmissioners, for snch Wag- gons as yon may Jndge necessary for tarrying the Baggage of the CHBcers and Men, and for a Supply of Prorisions snfflcient for the Thne the Troops xnay be upon their March to their resiiectiTe Stations.

The Provincial Commissaries at the Towns of Bead- ing and Eastern, will have Orders to supply the Men with tiiree Pounds of Pork, three Pounds of Beef, one Pound of Fish-, and ten and an half Pounds of Bread or Meal per Week, and one Gill of Rum per day. I am, Sir,

Your very humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Letter from Lancaster to the Council with Further Information upon the Indian Situation.

Lancaster, January 21, 1756.

GENTLEMEN: I am at last got to this Town, having in Con- junction with the Commissioners done every thing we thought would contribute towards the Defence of the Western Frontier, and I am well assured if the Orders we have given are carried into Execution, and tbe Men employed in that Quarter do their Duty, the Inhabitants will be for the future secured against any small scalping Parties. The Force on tbe West Side of Sasquehannab consist of three hundred Men,

What luakcH me think the hif^hei than I (\() of those eniphned t that they are ail regularly inlis vice for a certain Term, and tli by the Government, and not by

Mr. Peters has been very mi since we jrot to Carlisle, with very much recovered and now o he come np, I would send you passed with the Indians, but as I can only say that the few th Assurances of their Affection, me against the French, but c( act against our Indian Enemiej the Six Nations wouhl do, who »c»(iuence of the Messages sent Province, would chastise the wares for their Behaviour.

Th(*y strongly and repeated would build a Fort at Hhamok them reason to exp<Mt, and he be resolved on and steps taken tion before w(» return, iMit th

Robert Hunter Morris. 573

tibenee, I caBiiot^at present say, as it depends upon the Carcumstances in which I find the Northern Fron- tier.

I atOy Gentlemen^ Your most faithful and obedient hnmble Senrant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Lancaster, Jany. 21, 1756. To the Gentlemen of the Gonncil.

Remarks to two Indians on the Sasquehannah.

BRETHREN: I thank you for staying here. You see that agreeably to my message I am come at the Time appointed, but I find no other Indians here than you two, and indeed I expect no more, as I believe my Mes- sengers were prevented going to Wyomink by the Rav- ages of the Indians which began in their Neighbour- hood at the Time they were preparing to set out on their Journey. Brethren :

The publick Busiuf^s requires my presence at Carl- isle, wherf* I am now going, and I invite you to go along with me. If you incline to take any of your Families with you I shall readily agree to it, and pro- vide a Carriage for them and you.''

A String.

To this the Belt replied: Brethren :

I thank you for sending for us to Council, and for your kind Spee^'h. What you have said is very agree- able. Brethren:

The sky is dark all around us. The Mischiefs done to you I consider as done to the Six Nations, and am

(iry up yuur leais iiim \vu u when you rome to Couucil.

"I accept your Invitation Carlisle."

Gave a string.

January 8th, 1756.

To Representatives of the I the Late Outbreak of

BRETHREN: I eanie to this Part of i with nie some of the wit the People of Pennsylvania, Treaty with the Indians thi and for that purpose sent Branches of Sasquehannah me at Harris' Ferry, but froi tend the present Times, I hs the Messengers I have emp] to ^o to all our Fnends upc

N

Robert Hunter Morris, 575

to thank jou for the kind Expressions of Condolence which the Old Beltj in your behalf ^ made me at Har- Hb' in my way to thi^ Town^ upon the I^os^s we had sustaio'd and the Itlood that was shed hy our Indiat^ KnemieB, which he w^s pleased to way was a common LoB» and atfected you as well ae us^ thereby signify- ing that we wert one People and our Cause theisame; And you wili allow me by this String to wipe the Dust from your Eyes and Ears^ and to desire that what 1 shall now say to you in behalf of the People of Pennsylvania may be heard with Attention and make a proper Impression on your minds/^

Gave a Suing. '•^Brethren :

'"You very well know, and your Anceetors mnst have informed yon, of the Antiont Friendship that ha« subsisted between the People of this Province and the several Tribes and Nations of Indians, as well those of the Six United Nations as others in their Alliance, from the Time that William Penn first landed in this Country till within those few Months.

"This Friendship has ever been sacred on our Parts, and we cannot accuse ourselves of having violated any Treaties that ever subsisted between us, but on the contrary have at all Times and upon all Occasions given Marks of our Love and Affection for our Indian Allies. You cannot he Strangers, Brethren, of the manner in which we have lately been treated by some that not many months befote gave us the strongest Assurances of their Fidelity, and of their own Accord renewed the former Friendship subsisting between them and us.

'They have in the most cruel and barbarous manner fallen upon our peaceable Inhabitants, living quietly under the Faith of those Treaties that subsisted be- tween us, and slaughtered them without Distinction of Age or Sex. Such a Treatment is what we least

576 Papers of the Governors,

m

expected, and having settled in I'eace W€*fe not pre- pared to reaist anch an Attack* Bat tho* we h«fe been nnnsed to a Warlike lifefand were at ftmt «>- prepared for War, yet our Eifemiea may be uMred that we are not incapable ot^it, or defei^lBg o«- selves. In behalf of the People of Pemugrlvania^ I desire you will tell me who these Indiana are tikat have acted so unfairly by ns^ and whethw, In tbis particular, they have the Advice and Conaait of tihe Six Nations; and I further desire yon wiU ten note what is the Reason of their becooiing our Enesdes^ and whether they have any Just Cause of Ckim]|^tadnt against us, for they never complained to ns tf aqy Injury.'' »

Gave a Belt. '

"Brethren:

"In this critical State of our Affairs, I do In the Name and Behalf of the Province, desire your Advice and Assistance, in what manner we may best put a Stop to the Ravages of our Enemies; and as it may be necessary to send Messages to several Tribes of Indians in Alliance with us, and it is dangerous to s(^nd our own People, I n*ust desire some of you will niidei'take to carry such Messages, as there may be thought O'^casion to send."

(lave a Belt.

Januarv 15, 1756.

A Letter Concerning the Complaint of the Seneca Indians, on the Ground that Three of Their War- riors were Killed and one taken Prisoner by White Men at Canauaja.

SIR— I i-eturned to this Place on Wednesday last from a Month's Tour I made into the Frontier Counties, in order to put them into a Posture of Defence, and

Robert Hunter Morris. 577

to form a Chain of Forts and Blockhouses all along the Kittatlnny Hills from Delaware to the Maryland Line near the Biver Potomack; and the Necessity I v^BB ander of setting off immediately upon my Re- turn from New York, prevented me from making my ftieknowledgments to you for the Civilities I received ^vrhile there.

I found here your Favour of the 12th January, re- lating to the Complaint of the Seneca*, which I im- mediately laid before the Council, and made all the Enquiry I could con(*oming the Fact, but cannot find ^hat anything of this kind has ever happened in the Idemary of any of the Persons concerned in the Pub- lick Affairs of this Province. I am, therefore, appre- liensive that it is a Story made by some of the dis- affected of that Tribe to cover or excuse some Injury done or intended at^aiust the Inhabitants of this IM'ovince. What induces me tlie inon* to believe it to be a Story without Foundation, is that the IMace assigned for the Transaction is far within the Settle- ments of this Province, out of any Koad that is used by Warriors, and, had it hap|x^ned, must have been known. However, I have sent to the Provincial In- terpreter to be informed if he knows, or ever heard of such a Affair, and directed him to enquire of the Indians living in this Province (many of whom are S<*necas) whether surh a Transaction ever came to tlieir Knowledge, and who were the Persons con- cerned in it; and if that or any thing of the Ivind a])- peai^ to have bei»n dc^ne, I shall do all in my Power to give the Senecas full Satisfaction.

1 am exti-emely obliired to yon for coninnmicjiting (his Matter, and ho]M» Tol. Johnson, to whom I shall send upon the .Subject, will set the Matter in a prop- er Light, and prevent the Senecas from taking any rash Meamires till the Affair can fully be enquired into.

37— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

578 Papers of the Governors.

In about ten days I expect the Chain of F<Mi:8 and Block ]Ioiisi*s alonj; our extensive Frontier will be conipleat, and render the Settlements within tolerably secure; but the cxpence of defending the Province in this way will b<* very heavy, as it has already gone near to consume the sixty thousand Pounds^ and this may possibly induce the Assembly here to come into vigorous measures for removing the War into the Enemy's Country.

My Assembly meets to-morrow, when I shall com- municate to them the Plan of Operations concerted at New York, and endeavour to prevail with them to take a considerable T^irt in Measures the Success of which will redound so much to the Honour of the Provinces concerned, and render it very difficult for the French to disturb the Quiet of these Colonies here- after; but I can as yet form no Judgment what part they will take.

1 am, Sir, Your Excellency's most obedient ami most humble Servant.

KOHT. II. MOKKIS.

riiilach'lpliia, F<»bru;iry 2ii(l, linO.

Lcller to the (iovcrnor of Maryland Conccrnin^s^ the -^ Warlike Plans of ihc Delawarcs.

THE (iOVEHNOU LIKEWISE WROTE TO (;0V ei'Hor Sharpc on this occasion the following Lit- ter: Sir:

I hav(^ (he ricasnre to accjnaint you that I have* ri^ ccIvimI a Letter from Scarrooyady dated the Fourth of .lannary at Oneocpiajjjo, an Indian Town situate on tlie Head Uranche^ of the SasijuehannalL in whi<h

Robert Hunter Morris.

579

U

lie infortiis me that be atid Moniour wert^ gat safe there. Iho* not without abundance of Hanger; that the DLdawaree were obstinately bent on the Destruc- tion of the English, and say they will pay do regard to the Intel po«itioii of the Six Nations tho' they should send to them their greatest Sachems* He advises me to put the Province into a Posture of Defencej hut not to act offensively Eill 1 should hear further from him and be made acquainted with the Determinations of the Six Nations, who he hears were convened by CoL Johnson; and that he proposed to be at the gen- eral Convf*ntion and there represent the Conduct of ^ th€ Delawares and Hhawonese, and he hopes with Buecees, as he liad heird that the Bis Nations disap- proved of the Hostilities and woud resent it. By this Journey He and Mr. Montour have demonstrated that they are our true Friends, and as such will deserve our best Encouragements.

Mr. Clause, a young Man who has for some time past lived in the Upper Mohock Castle, and is said to un- derstand the Indian Language, attends the Treaty which was appointed to be on the Twenty-Second of January, and which T hope is now holding at Col. Johnson's on the Part of Pennsylvania, and will hasten to this City as soon as it shall be ended. As soon as I know the Result I will impart it to you.

Two of the neutrals, one imported at New York and the other here, have obtained my leave to go to Annapolis in quest of their Families, who they think are in some of the Ships which have arrived in your Province. If they light of them or any of their Wives and Children belonging to the Men imported here, I desire the Favour of you to suffer as many to come to their Friends here as these two will undertake to conduct and defray the Charge of their Journey. I do not mean to put you or my self to any Expence for their Removal ; But if Joseph Muneer and Simon Leb-

To the Assembly Concerning fence of the Province from 1 of Operations against the Fre

THE FOLLOWING MES8AC ernor to the Assembly was sent to the House with one uioniDg the Assembly: (lentlemen:

As the Season for Afilitary P vanced, 1 judged it necessary ag I was engaged in witli the C()\ Frontiers would admit of my to call you together (o consider tions concerted in the late Coi York for the security of his on this Continent. I have dire lay the IMan before you, but as cret, and the execution of it ma frustrated if it shoukl l)e divi

Robert Hunter Morris. 581 ;

4

of thi* (^oimtries they liave sei^^ed, and to disturb us

in tlii* KnjoviiH*i*t of \he iiarrow Limits vvhirli thej

would prf^wtTibe to UH, su(llrieiitl>' t^hvw what we ikte

to expint from llumi* restless aiid mubiticHis IVople

if we do not by n miitr^rl, \ ii^^t^rouK* and Mtt^ady Exei'liini

<if our Kin^ugtlK dit^lodp^ thL*m from thoi^e Eiii-nKirh*

luents niid ronfine tlieiii withiti their own ju^t Boiiiidjri,

And tluB I am i^erRiisidt-d you will 11 nd tbe bt^st and

most ftTtH'tual Wny of *ieeuriii^ thv lahabitantw of

tlim and I he other Colonies af^iunst tlu* rrnel IusuUb

of them and thi*ir Hava^e Allien, I niu**t, therefore,

reeonnitend it to you to ^rant such Supj>Iiefe^ nw may

enable me to furnifib what is expeeted from thi» Pro-

vinee tmvards the general Herviee* As you are dten-

nihle our Sneee»s will very iiuu h depend npon our \h^

inj^ early in motion, i make no dtnibt vfui will use

the greatest Diligence and Dispateh in whatever

Measures your Zeal for the Public Cause may induce

you to take upon the present Occasion.

Since the last Session everything has been done that the Time would admit for the Defence and Security of the Province, and I have the Satisfaction to tell you that a Chain of Forts and Block Houses, extend- ing from the River J>elaware along the Kittatinny Hills to the Maryland Line, is now almost compleat. They are placed at (convenient Distances from each other, and at the most important Passes thro' the Mountains, and are garrisoned with companies and detachments all in the pay of the' Province, from seventy-live to tweeny Men each, according to the Sit- uation and Importance of the Places, and if the offi- cers and Men posted there do their Duty, I believe they will prove a suflicient Protection to the Inhab- itants against such*Parties as have hitherto appeared upon our borders.

I have also directed the Secretary to lay before you the Minutes of the several Conferences held with the

cl(»termiira not to iiearKen to ai lions may say to them in our B these Nations have been convene and Ordera of General Shirley, Council to treat on these and < informed ihey greatly disappro' the Delawares & Shawonese, ai ehaBtise them for taking up the and I am in great Hopes that th General Shirley hath recomme thiem, may induce them to act this Occasion.

B February 4th, 1756.

To the Assembly Concerning tl vants for Military

GENTLEMEN: I agree with you that t Servants is a jrT'oat Hards

Robert Hunter Morris. 583

SDT^'ants in this City^ The Councilj while I was !ipoa Uie Froutierj wrote a Letter to Gt^neral Shirley upon Hie Head, setting fortii the particular Injury it would bMB to fMs Province, and defiriring his Interpo8iti<my i. Copy of which Letter I have (ordered to be laid before roUy and I ahall immediately write to him on the same Subject, and -send him a Copy of your address^ in iirliich tbe many Inconveniences attending the taking Mjwaj of sarants are strongly set forth;

His Majesty has ordered the Regiments now em- played in America to be augmented and recruited in these (yolonies; and General Shirley by a late Order, has conntermanded the On^he formerly gave to Ck>l- onel Dunbar, forbidding the inlisting of Servants and ^I^rentices; and the OlBcers think it thdr Duty to t:ake all Volonteero that offer, without considering ^whether they are Servants or not.

Whether the Crown has such a Right to the per- sonal Service of its Subjects as cannot be abridged or taken away by any private Contracts, or whether a Servant regularly indented and imported into the Col- onies, under an Act of Parliament, is not by such In- denture deprived of the Power of becoming a Volun- teer in his Majesty's Service, are Points of Law that you are sensible have been controverted in this Prov- vince ever since the Beginning of the late Spanish War, and have never to my knowledge received an authoritative Determination, and as the Rights of the Crown, as well as the Property of the Subject, will be greatly affected by a Determination of those Points, I cannot take upon me to do it, by issuing the Procla- mation you propose, Avbich will be extrajudicial, and by no means obligatory on the Persons concerned.

You will permit me to observe, that tho' the Maj- istrates may be appointed by the Government, yet they receive their Authority from the Law, which must be the Rule and Measure of their Conduct; and

584 Papers of the Governors.

a Proc'hniiatiou in the preHeut Cu8e cannot create or vest any new l*o\\x*r8 in them. If they refuse or neg- kM't to do the lJuti<K re(|uired by Law, there is a (Jourt in the Provinee has Power to punish them for such Ne^ks-t or Kefn*»al; and if any Subject i» or thinks himself injured, the Uiw and Courts are ojien. to which lie may apply, where his Kight and that of the Crown will be pi-operly considered and determined in the ordinary cours(M)f the I-^iw.

ROBT. H. MORRIS. Philadelphia, February Kith, 1756.

To the Assembly Recommending the giving of a Present to the Six Nations.

GKNTLlvMEK: His Majesty, wMisibU* of the j^reat Iniportauct* it is to the Uiitish Int(»n»st and to the Success of our Scluuws apiinst tlu* Fren<h, to pn»serv(» and ini prove our FricMidship with the Indians, has bi»en ^njhiously phrased to ord«»r a <*oiisiderable Presj'ut to Ix* scut to New York for tin* Six Nations, and Sir Chailrs Hardy proposing to ^o very soon to hold a Mectiu^^ with those Indians to distribute amonj: them tluit Pit'scut, with an Addition which h<» has ]u*evaileil on the Assembly of New York to nuikt* to it, has rccounn(»ud<Ml it to uiy Consideration in the I^tMtcr I herewith sen<l you whether at this critical Junctun* jjjrejit (lood niuy not arise from this Province's like wist* takinjx souu* Xoti<*(» of tluMu.

The riuel Pniofs, aud daily Ex]>eri(»nce we have of lat(^ had. how uiuch it is in the Pow(»r of a few. even of th(^ U)ost iurousi<l(»rable of thos(^ Peo]de, to do us irn*parab]<» MIsclnVfs when th(\v are disposaed

Robert Hunter Morris. 585

« our Enemies, make it needless for me to use any ^r Arguments to induce vou to consider whether ill not be quite proi)er and necessary for this Pro- •e to make some Present now to the Bix Nations, rder to keep up and Strengthen our Alliance with n, and engage them to be moit* earnest and ready 88ist us against these Savages that have done and still committing the Murders and horrid Ravages ^gst onr back Inliabitantft.

ROBT. H. MORRIS, hiladelphia, February 16th, 1756.

the Assembly Recommending Measures for the tViel of some of the Inhabitants suflfering from carcity of Provisions.

ENTLEMEN:

The Secretary will lay before you Petitions from a Number of the Inhabitants of this and *r Counties, setting forth that the last Year's Crop jrain was not so ])leiitiful as usual; That great ntities had be<*ii (l(»stroyed by th(» Indians, and t the na<k Inhabitants hiding drove from their titations, the Publick would Ik* de])ri\ned of the efit of the Cirain Ihev had jMit into the (Iround. y therefore {iray thai a Stop may be jnit to the lortation of Provisicms, in order to i)revent a Scar- , which they aiv a])i)rehensive there will be, if such easurc^ be not taken.

s you come from tlu* ditferent Parts of the Pro- •e, you are the l>est kludges of thc^ Circumstances he Country in that Particular; and I recommend 1 you to consider of this Matter; and if you judgr

1	Papers of the Governors, reHsarr to pi invent the Exportation of Pro Yimous, will preimre a Bill for that purpose. 1 ROBT. H. MORR16. iladiaphla, Man h M, 175G.	1 i
• ch to the Representatives of the Six Natioi^^ mcerning tlie Warlike Movements of the Deli==i ires and accent iner the AIHance of the Six N^ ~^	■
HIS against Them, KTHUEN: We Iiavi* con^id^-ird Uu^ ^vvn-\\} MattPrs iiii^^^ nurd iti V(jiir SjM'inhrs. :nid -m iiuss ihmu^ I " n yun ntir rniHWur. ' llj;Mik \nii hil" |!u' liiM^ \*m1 U'AVi* Ellki !l ill ri'^ '' inss t'croiiKNiMiili t^ In _\iMi ;H r;u lit^ltv jiid :M ^"i'
1	■

Robert Hunter Morris. 587

they willy we doubt not, inflict proper punishments on them, as they are in Subjection to them. Justice requires that we should distinguish the juno^cent and friendly Indians from such as are guilty and Bft War with us. This Distinction, the Indians may rest as- sured, we ahall ever make.

^We desire you will on your Part hold fast the Chain of Friendship, and not listen to any Stories, or take Offence at the ill Language you may receiye from the meaner Sort of our People. There are among you, 419 well as among us, bad People, whose Words are of no Signification. Consider only as Truth and wor- thy of your notice what shall be communicated to you from the Qoyemment from time to time at this Fire; and you will always find true Information of the State of Publick Affairs.

A Belt. Brethren:

As to ilie strong House you have frei^uently de- sired us to build at Shamokiu, you well know that we are ready to do any thing for the Safety of our Friends among the Indiana, and our own People. We expect every Day to see Searroyady and Andrew Montour, with agreeable News from our Brethren the Six Na- tions; and Jis soon as they arrive in this Town, you will have Notice immediately and we shall build the Fort. Brethren :

We thank you for the kind offer of your Warriors to assist us; let them be ready at a Moment's Warn- ing.

A String. Brethren :

We think Harris' an inconvenient Place for your Residence, even until the Fort shall be built at Sha- mokiu, and would rather chuse you should live with

;S8

Papers of the Governors,

llu^ (*oiit'si(t^^(H* Iiidianti. wliert^ you may be in iir^ter |Si't'iiriiy. ;\ui{ better jiovided with iie<*esi8nries,

A String.

Mtiirli 1, 1 Trill.

iljcech lu the l^cpresentatjves of the Six Nations Concerninf^ the Imprisonment of the Interpreter Call end er fur debt, and plans for their Safety.

RET II REN: By (Mir Laws, and the aatuiie of our GoremmeDt

wljere iniy ]ieis(nj owes another a Rum of MowJ*

11 []d icfiiSr-'S ni IH <ili^r!s In ]ia\ It. llli^ PiTsiili hi U tn'W

lii^ Mi'hi is HS^illp lifH ;i Ki^lil ht cikr and iui|in^r)ii

[lis fh'htiM, and U\v]i liiai iu t unliai airnt \\\] Id' \'\\}^

llMijii\. iH' llUlkr^ -J I i>t'HH 1 i^^ll 1'iiT ll. Mild if is tn^l

Robert Hunter Morris. 589

our Power to iirevent; and therefore, I leave it to our option, whether you will reside on that Manor, t a proper Disitanee from the Oonnestogoe Indians, p you will ehu8e to go to Pennsbury, another Manor f onr Proprietaries, Hituated on this River, about venty miles above the City, where you may remain lie and well provided for till Scarroyady returns, hen further Measures will be taken for disposing you to your Satisfaction.

But if you shall rather chuse to be on the Manor of )nne8togoe, I will take care to order a proper Pro- Kion to be made for your Residence there, and for ftur Journey, and send a sufficient Guard along with fcu to protect you from the Insults and Abuses that lu might meet with from the rash, dissolute, unthink- g People amongst iis, who, paying no Regard to my dvice and Orders, ancl not making a proper Distine- m betwi^on our Frl^^nds and Enemy Indians, may 11 upon and attempt to do you some Injury in your lurney. March 9, 1756.

n Order and Regulation for forming the Militia Companies into Regiments.

I^ TIlEIIOXOliLE, ROBERT MOR- rls^ Esffuh^e^ Lieutenant Oaverjior and Coimaandi-r in-Chief of the Pt^oriiice of Pennsylvania and Counties of New Castle^ ent^ and Sxii<sex^ upon Delaware^

^VhereoH^ in Pursuance of the Act of (leneral AsjH^m ly of the S4ud Pn>vinc(\ intitled **An Act for the rdering and regulating such as are willing and de- iroiis to ])e united for military Purjiosei*," di\'ers of

590 Papers of the Governors.

the Inhabitants of the several Connties within this l^rovince have formed themselves into Companies and chosen their Officers, vizt.: a Captain, Lieutenant, and Ensign for Each Company, whom I have commission- at<^d accoi'dingly; And Application having been made to me to form them into Regiments agreeable to the Directions of the said act. I do, therefore, by and with the Advice of tlio Council, hereby order and di- rect that all the several Companies formed and to be formed under the said act within each County shall be, make, and compose One distinct Regiment, and be called by the Name of the County in which the Com- panies forming such Regiment respectively shall re- side; Pff ridded^ that no less number of CompanieB than eight shall be or are hereby intended to form any Regiment.

Givf'n under my Iland and Seal at Arms, at Phila- delphia the thirteenth Day of March, in the twenty- ninth Year of His Maji^ly's Reign.

ROHT. n. MORRIS.

Si)ccch to llic Indian Messenjj^ers Scarroyady an*^"^ Montour Concerning the Warlike actions of th^ Dclawares and en^aj^inpf tlie Assistance of thei ^ Tribe in War Against Them.

BROTHER SIWHROYADY AND MONTXllR: We have attentively consideivd the Relatioc::^ yon have niad(» of your Journey and Proceedings^ and in Hclialf of this Oovenuuent and the gooC^ IN'oph* of tills rrovince we n^turn you our lii»art,^ 1'llaIlk^< for the DilijjjcMice with which you have ex <Mut(*d tin? Trust iv])osed in you; we are sensible o:^ tlio many Dangers yon have been exposed to, and thc:^

tobert Hunter Morris^^^^^^^^lPi^

Ffttigoe rach a long Jonrney must have giyen yon in 9o Bev&e a Season, and we make yon onr hearty Ac- knowledgements, and shall cnrder you an handson^ • gratification for yonr Trouble. .

Here gave a String. Brethren, the Six Nations:

Yonr Nephews the Delawares, and some in Alliance witih them, have continued, and still do continne> com- mitting the most barbaroua and crael Mnrdeni on every Part of onr Borders, tho' they mnst certainly baTe received the Messages from the Onondago Conn* « cily by the Two Dela wares from Diahoga, <Mrdering th^n to desist on Pain of their displeasare and cor- rection; and it is probable that the second Mesisage of the same Import, from the Great Gonndl held at Fort Johnson, mnst hare been delivered likewise, as Scarroyady says in Iiis Report that the Messengers were set out before he came from thence. Brethren:

It appears to us that the Delawares have sold themselves to the French, and are determined to take this Opportunity to throw off their Subjection and Dependency upon the Six Nations, Imagining they shall be supported in it by their New Masters, else they would not have had the Assurance to treat the Six Nations with Insolence, as it is well known they have done, even to threaten some of them to their Faces, to make Women of them, if they would not assist them in the War against the English. Brethren:

We have, by your Advice, taken all the amicable Methods in our power to bring then to desist; you must have been able yourselves to assure the Six Nations, that the Accusations of us were all Groundless, and invented to amuse; and from what you have said in Conversation, we think the united Nations saw these false Charges in their true Light, rather as Aggra-

J

Papers of the Goveniors.

laliuHs iluiij Exti*nuations of tlit^lr Conning* fiuiltj IihI \vl^ wr[i' in \ni]K^ their liitei-poeitioii wotilil Imve \iu\ its W^'ijLjlit witii the I>elawiirt>tf, and that Uh^v lould not havi^ dured to continue their Ravages^ ufkr n**iviT»f^ tlicir Ordt-rs to desist; but yon see it b ltht^rwi»e. brethren: \\"e hav(^ rt^iiiained no the D**fens*ive, wart log for tie hsuit of th(^ roaiu'il and your Ki^tnrn; but mm-e I either the Message we have sent to them, nor these If the Six Nationii are of any AvaiL and that we have l^ue (*very tiling in our Tower to avoid a War, I now Ind T ean no longer aiiiswer it to his Majesty, nor to I in Sul^jrc^ts r-onunitti-d to my eaTv, nor to thoi*e of Ih^ nlliri- ( ninnies. In h ];iy an\ Inin-nt' !n ilrtliu'i* rtiiiti tiMiinrs In Ills M!ii<s[\, nnd In net ni:nliisi ihmi ivlili |]| i]]i* \ijinnr pussilih: I iln'r('r<nn. \t\ Hns HflL (S' " \\ u\' iiusiiusl I hn Mrhn>3ir''s. jimpI -ill snrts ;is ;iri

Robert Hunter Morris. 593

For evory Female Indiao Prisoner, or male Prison- er of Twelve Years old, and under, delivered as above, >ne hundred and thirty Dollars.

For the Bcalp of every male Indian of above Twelve i'^ears old, one hundrc^d and thirty Dollars.

For the Scalp of every Indian Woman, Fifty Dol- ars.

To our own People, I shall observe our own Forms; :o you I give the Hatchet according to yours. This 3elt confirms my Words.

Here gave a Belt, brethren:

Agreeable to your repeated Request, I am now go- ng to build a Fort at Shamokin. Forces are raising or that Purpose, and every thing will soon be in leadiness. I purpose it as a Place of Protection and Jefuge for you and your Families, and to this all the ndians who are the Friends of the English may re- )air, and they will c^ver find a kind Reception and S'ecessaries of all kinds.

I need not remind yon of your earnest Importnn- lies to have this don(^, and of your Promise to assist n it. Our Warriors will be animated when they see on join and assist them.

April 8, 1756.

"o the Assembly Concerning the proposed demands to be made of the Legislature by some Inhabitants of the Back Counties.

GENTLEMEN:

J I have this Day received Information that a

Number of People from the Back Counties, In-

labitants, have resolv(»d to meet at Lancaster on the

38— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

594

Papers of the Governors.

Sixtc*<*iith Inntant, and thence proceed to this City to make some Demands of the Legislature now sitting.

As attempts of this kind may be dangerous to the King's Peace and the Authority of the Legislature. I think proper to give you this timely notice of it, and, by the Advice of the Council, shall give immediate Orders to the Provincial and other Magistrates to use their utmost Endeavours to prevent the mischiefs that may attend so extraordinary a Procedure.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Philadelphia, April 13th, 1756.

A Proclaination of War against the Delaware In- dians.

Br THE H(h\OURAliLE ROBERT JUS' ter Morris^ F^qxdre^ Lieutenant Governor and

Covi)nander-w-Ch!ef of the l^oinnce of Penmyh vania^ and Count !ef< of Sur CaMlt^ Ke/tt^ aftd >Su*t*i^jr^ upon DelauHive :

A PROCLAMATION.

WlurtiU^ the Delaware tribe of II:^^ (iians. ami others in Confederary wit '"^ them, have for some Time past, withoi^^^ th<» least Provocation, and contrary t ^ X\\i}\v most Solemn Troatic^s, fallen npo " this Provinee in a most crm^l, savage, an ^ I)refidioiis ManiuM', killed and butohon^^^ //j^^ ^neat Numbers of the Inhabitants, an ^

ir 1 \ carried others into barbarous (\apti^^^" ^ ity: Imniiiin; and (h^stroyiu;; thier Hat '*

and layinjr waste tlu* rountry. Aih^ notwithstaTjdin*: the friendly Remoc^- slranees made to thorn by this Government, and th^^ Intorjiosition and jiositive Orders of our faithful

itations, Wherrai<^

Robert Hunter Morris. 595

FrieodB and allies the Six Nations^ to whom they owe Obedience and Subjection, requiring and commanding them to decdat from aiyr further Acts of Hostility against us, and to return to their Allegiance, the said Indians do still continue their cruel Murders and Sav- ages, sparing neither age nor Sex; I have, therefore, by and with the Advice and consent of the Council, thought fit to issue this Proclamation; and do hereby declare the said Delaware Indians, and all others who, in Conjunction with them, have committed Hostilities against His Majesty's Subjects within this Province, to be Enemies, Eebels, and Traitors to His Most Bar cred Majesty; And I do hereby require all his Majes- ty's Subjects of this Province, and earnestly invite those of the neighbouring Provinces to embrace all OppcH'tunities of pursuing, taking, killing, and destroy- ing the Delaware Indians and all others confederated with them in committing Hostilities, Incursions, Mur- ders, or Ravages upon this Province. And Where- as sundry of our good Friends and Allies the Six Nations, aud other friondly Indians, are seated upon and do inhabit the Country to the Northward of the Mouth of a River falling into the Sasquehannah, called Cayuga Branch, and those of the Six Nations now in Town have desired that our Hostilities against the said Enemy Indians might not, therefore, be car- ried on more Northmly than a IJine extending from the Mouth of the said Cayuga Branch, at an Indian Town called Diahoga, or Tohiccon, to the Station Point between the Provinces of New York and Jersey, at the Indian Town called Cashetunk, upon Delaware; the said Indians proiuisinj: us their hearty and best Assistance. I do, therefore, hereby declare that the Indians living and being to the Northward of a Line drawn from the Month of the said Cayuga Branch to the said Station Point are not included in this Dec- laration of War.

	Papers of the Governors, M7t^mz^, many Delaware and other Indians iii^ tlit^ imgrati^ful, cruel^ and perfidioas Be- | ir of that Paj^t of the Delaware Tribe and that have boon concerned in the late inhuman ei^j have removt;d into iho settled and inhabited of the Conntry, put themselves under the Pro 1 of this and tlie neighbouring Governments, ve ill a pettceahle Manner with the King's Sub- / do therefore declare, that the said friendly LS tliat liave so R^pa rated themselves from our 1 Cneniiettj and all others who Bhall join or act IS in the Freseiutlon of this just and necessary iij^ i xpreasly expected out of this Declaration* is recommended to all Officers and others tc^ them Protection and Assistance. And WA^e - rniiiniis^inurrs wiih [iii^ hi iliifsptiiic^ of ihv Sixiv^ luui [*iiiiin]^ lately ;;raiUed hy Art uf (ii-iu'ia ^.-^ ilsly I'nr II IK M^^jvsly"?? Vi^i\ have, by tln^ir Lot rit'^ nl \[\r TrrHh liislani, a*:n^r t" ]"ay uu! of Iht.— --	1 1 4 J \
1

Robert Hunter Morris. 597

Towns to the Keepers of the common Jails there, the Sum of One Hundred and Fifty Spanish Dollars or Pieces of Eight; For the Scalp of every Male Indian Cnemy above the age of Twelve Years, produced as Ev- dence of their being Icilled, the Sum of One Hundred md Thirty Pieces of Eight; For every Female Indian aken Prisoner and brought in as aforesaid, and for Tery Male Indian Prisoner under the Age of Twelve fears taken and brought in as aforesaid. One Hundred md Thirty Pieces of Eight; For the Scalp of every ndian Woman, produced as Evidence of their being dlled, the Sum of Fifty Pieces of Eight; And for every Cnglish Subject that has been taken and carried from his Province into Captivity that shall be recovered ind brought in and delivered at the City of Philadel- phia to the Governor of this Province, the Sum of one lundred and Fifty Pieces of Eight, but nothing for heir Scalps; And that there shall be paid to every >fficer or Soldier as are or shall be in the Pay of this Province who shall redeem and deliver any English inbjeet carried into Captivity as aforesaid, or shall ake, bring in, and produce any Enemy Prisoner, or icalp as aforesaid, one-half of the said several and espeetive Premiums and Bounties. riven und(»r my Hand and the Great Seal of the Pro- vince, at Philadelphia, the Fourteenth Day of April, in the Twenty-Ninth Year of His Majesty's lieign, and in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Fifty-Six.

ROBT. H. MORRIS, y His Honour's Pommand, Richard Peters, Secretary. GOD SAVE THE KING.

b8

Papers of the Governors*

the Assembly Coiicerningf the Resolution of the Representatives of the Six Nations to return to their People,

EKTLEMEK:

Tht* India uis hnva this vVfternooD been with me,

tuid given me Noliee by Scarroyadj, tliiit they in- jnd to move in three Days with their Wives and iiildreu to the Count j-y of the Six Nations^ leaving jewcastle and iwu more to go with our Forees to liamokiu, and demanding of me the necessary Con- eyances and Passpoi tti. 1 was mnch finrprised at thi« lesoliition, to wliirh, by Advice of Mi\ Weiser, I gave Ij otlier Answer, but that I would, when <?very thing las rrruly, st'inl lor tlu^m, and take my Lravt*. 1 ait; larriil sniiit' 1 Jisruiiiiii: luis^ivini Uisi* u* this siiddrii sulnlitin, llm" ! luiin^ u\ jiit Kejison llii\v can havrtor : Hii\sr\(i-. if \vr raitjul |>h'sail na lliini hi ur] \\\\\\

n\lii*li j lia^c tlir(i1iil Mr. \\ e (>< r lu iriilr,n -piir ,

' bare paid to the Messages aeot them by oar Frieods

j and Allies, the Bix Nations, are sufficient to convince

us that thej have put themselves under the Protection

of the FrenL'h, and will no longer regard their Ti^eat-

ies with us or submit to the Six Nations, to w^hom they

I owe Obedience,

f have, therefore, thought proper^ by and with the Advice of the Council, to declare War againt them I and all such as have in Conjunction with them com ( mitted Hostilities against the Inhabitants of this Pro- vince, and the Commissionera appointed to dispose ' of the 8ixtj Thousand Pounds given to the King's Use havingj by their Letter of the Tenth Instant^ pro- posed to nie to offer ctulain Rewards for the taking of Indian Prisoners and Scalps, and promised as far as In them to enable me to pay the same, I have, by Proclamation, notified this to the People, and invited them and our Friendly Indians to make use of every Opportunity of pursuing, taking, and destroying the said Enemy Indians.

But as great Part of the Sixty Thousand Pounds is already expended, and what remains will very soon be consumed in maintaining the Troops posted on the Frontiers and other necessary Services, I recommend it to you, Gentlemen, to grant such further Supplies as may be necessary to carry on the War with Vigour, upon the Success of which the future Peace and Safety of the Inliabitants of this Province will very much depend.

ROBT. H. MORRIS. April 15th, 1756.

I-

Papers of I lie Governors,

tter to Sir William Johnson Concerning Uic War- like Acts ol the Delaware Indians*

IR: I 1 ha\i? IIh/ il(jiioijr lo m kiiowlftilgt^ the* Rerei!

uf yours of tlje Uth March, which Mr* Oiatifie dt** t*rt*d to nu> with thu Copy of the Treaty* The III' m» adht^rt^ so closely to their teOioas Cc*n>nuiHit*ii it I am sensible you must have had a niout fatfi^iEg ue of It, It iH, howev<?r, Hooie coiapcii^atiou to r#* ve the ^ati^fa<?tion you express in tindiiig tlie In ms so well disposod towards his Majesty's laleT'

It was very kind and well judged to join B€arroyad.r 1h you in the Beverel Matters relating to thm Gm

iitiriil. ;iud it hatl no doubt a jifQod cllcci uu th*' lids of Ihf^ Six NiiMons. and I luivi^ the rit^asiur to d by wh;it yon suy, tliut S<ai'r(iyady is in lii«?h ICs- ^lu with them.

I I

Robert Hunter Morris. 6oi

em at ShingaB' Town, called Kittanning, about irty Miles above Fort Duquesne; and Scarroyadj id Montour must have acquainted you, that they w more or less English Prisoners, in almost every e of the Delaware Towns, on the Sasquehannah, as gh up as Diahoga.

At first the Enemy appeared in small Parties, and mmitted their Outrages where they could do it with >st Safety to themselves; but of late they have pen- rated into the inhabited Part of the Country in rger Bodies, and have defeated several Detach- ^nts of our armed Forces, burned and laid waste lole Countries, and spread a general Terror longst us, so that I have been constrained yield to the importunate Demands of the raged People (not being able otherwise to af- rd a sufficient Protection, for want of Arms, imunition, and an equal and compulsory Mil- a Ijaw), to declare the Delaware Nation En- lies and Rebels to his Majesty, and to offer large awards for Prisoners and Scalps, hoping that this nild engage such of our Inhabitants, as had any ►urage left, as well as all others in the neighbouring oviuces, to hunt, pursue, and attack them in their n Country, and bv Hiese means keep them at home • the Defence of their own Towns, and prevent the »tal Desertion of the Back Counties, which there is od Reason to be ai)proliensive of. But this Meas- e, tho' loudly called for on my Return from New )rk, in December last, and since importunately and ?quently repeated, was not taken till near a month l^er the Return of Scarroyady and Montour, and by fMr advice, they, as v(»ll as we, observing the Power the Enemy to be daily encreasing, and judging this e likeliest way to l)ring th(Mu to hearken to the X Nations, and to Tiiove for Peace on honourable rms; 1 own, had I had the least Notion that they

X>2

Papers of the Governors,

;uuld be »topi)etl In tL<? midst of tbeir f ariuus* **atf^r, r would not have gratified tUe IVople; but desiniirin^ tf tins, jou will agrt^L* with mi?, tbut no otber Mt'thtMl in BO likely as this to bnn^ a Force liib* Uie Kri*^mp Oouatrj, and drive tlieni from thmr lurking Places, and from their Towua* The Prodainatioii, one of wliirh 1 herewith ^end ^vou, wnj* not i»f^ii»]^l abov^ a Week before I rei^eivtHl from Hir Charles liarfly tk agreeable account of ihe KiL»lurii of the His Naliftti lh*iMiti(?« who wf^re sent to the l>elaware», and of their having assured you they hnA mnde up that unhiippy ^tffair, and that the Delawart^ exjHBett^d those of tlidt People who might be taken Piisoners by us to lie (k^ Uvered up as eoon as j^Hjiseibie, and then they prom^ Invil to deliver up thost^ tlu>y had of nur^i. Re ih^huihI Sii\ tliat We have no Pris4oners of tlieirs* unless^ tljej' rDu call a De!a\Yare hull an so who wan put into Goal in order to keoji him out of Hiii'm'H Way, Ik^iu^ in- formed against find lying uihIit strong Suspirions,

I\()l>crt Iliinler Morris. 603

this charitable Opinion of the Dela wares, tliat they were hurried into thiB Measure by the Artifices and Intimidations of the French, and did always believe, when they came to open their eyes, they would relent and cease injuring their innocent Brethren and allies, who have never hurt them either in Thought or Action. It was this Opinion of that good Disposition towards us, that influenced us to suffer so long their Hostilities, without declaring them Enemies, until the Blood streamed in such Quantities down our Mountains, and filled the Vallies to such a Degree, that we could no longer delay the Publication of their horrid Cruelties. I do not perceive that any of the Delawares living on the Ohio came to the Meeting appointed by the Depu- tiea of the Biz Nations, or that they have been spoke to; and they are, as you well know, the most numerous of all. Indeed, the main Body of the Delawares live at Kittanning and the other Delaware Towns on and beyond the Ohio, and have been the most mischievous, and do still, even so late as last Week, continue to mnrder and destroy our Inhabitants, treating them with the most barbarous Inhumanity that can be con- ceived. I should be clad to know whether these have expressed a Desire for Peace, and on what Terms the Six Nations propose to settle it; for unless these be made to desist, our Inhabitants will be in as Bad Plight as ever.

A Party of Delawares lately done some Mischief in Potomack; they were lieaded by a French Officer, who was killed, and the Party routed; and in the Officer's Pocket was found a Paper of Instructions from the French Commandant, Monsiieiir Dumas, at Fort Du Quesne, ordering him to burn and dei^troy what he could meet with on that River; from the Ohio, there- fore, nve must expert the jjreatest Mischief and all Means possible should be used to separate the Dela- wares and Shawonese from the French there, and pre-

►04

Papers of the Governors.

1

ail with them nut to join in burnmg, mvuging, uml ayiug waste our Frontier Counties.

Against these the JYoclaiiiation was iiHudpalh al(*uhited, and you must b*^ sen^'ibk* I raiinot recall^ r till I know the prc^ciae Ttrme on which the ^ti* Vutions have medial f^d the l*eaee, How^eYer, you wili )e the best Judge of what is proper for me to do. or A^iat it is the Indians? will expert from me ou thai jeeasion, of which be pleased to advi^ie me. ami favoar lie with your Sentiments, which will always have their tVeight with me, as yon can always come at and mi- le these Matters in Conference with the Indinti«i, and

should be apt to mistake at each a Distance frm hem*

T\u' Colonies lire sensible of yonr Tnfliiencr nvi^r Hit Inditins, iiiid admire tlie Zi*iil witli which vimi |in>s^ nti' tlieir true Jnu^n-st. and nppljiud 111*.* lla|ipy fiic^ ■eHi4 iliat iias liithertn iitteTided yuiir Anns mul Ni^ ,^t*tl;!riniis; nnd in fiaitiiular tlit^ Cnlonii^s c^imi^t^

Robert Hunter Morris. 605

peech to Several Friendly Indians Concerning Prop- ositions of Peace from the Delaware Indians.

)BETHBEN:

J I told you in the morning I had something to communicate to you, and it is this.

I have received an account from Sir William John- m, sent me by Sir Charles Hardy, Governor of New ork, that, immediately after the Council held at Fort dhnson, Deputies were dispatched by the Six Na- ons to Otsaningo, and that they convened the Del- vares, Shawonese, and other Indians, from the Sev- «,! Towns on the Sasquehannah, to the number of \0, to whom they delivered Messages from that Coun- if blaming them for taking the Hatchet against their rethren, the English, and commanding them to lay

down immediately, and that they had hearkened

this Message and agreed to strike no more. What tell you is in this Letter (here the Governor gave r. Weiser Sir Chai^los Hardy's Letter of the i6th

April, to translate to them); and when he had made leni understand what Sir Charles Hardy had wrote, le Governor took a Belt in his hand and proceeded, rethien:

I think it necessary that the Indians at Wyomink, 8 well Enemies as Friends, should know that Sir •harles Hardy has sent me this account from Sir Villiam Johnson, and as two of you are of the Six «'ations and one a Delaware, I think it is proper that oa should undertake to notify this to them, and, at le same Time to let them know, as from yourselves, at if they are sincerely disposed to Peace, and will liver up the English Prisonei*s to the Six Nations, c3 hearken to their advice in laying down the Hatch- . and abide by such Terms as shall be agreed on, u can venture to assure them, that tho' much Blood -s been spilt, and that the English, in Resentment

4

I speak luy own siurcTS Incl am for Peace, and not only my c of Others, and particularly the great number of People who a IhoBe that came over with th- tliose are extremely desirous Government to receive the Su wares, and to overlook what : for the future a firm and lasti and,aiTection between us, and h to me for this Purposi?. Brethren:

As many Stories have been 1 our Prejudice, I desire you will particularly I charge William the Delawares, that those of amongst us have not had any A; but are treated with our usual Liberty, and live in Peace and charge you, William Lacqu Truth to the Indians, and t they have been imposed on, late the Care that has been take

Robert Hunter MorriH,

to DitNtiiade the Delawares from strikiiig ijs. When Oiej could not raceed they separated from them^ and now live together in 8<Kne Place near Wyomink, I would have yon go to them and let them likewise know tids jftcconnt from Sir WilUam Johnson, and assure them from m^ that if they are enclined to come within the Inhabitants, yon have my orders to conduct them, ek if they do not incline to come How, but at any other Time, they will, on sending me a message, be provided with a safe Conduct and meet with a hearty Welcome. Let th^n -kaow that Scarroyady related to me what passed between him and them, and that Aroaa and David have likewise made me acquainted with what was said by them when they were last at Wyoming.

Then the Gk>yemor gave them a String to give to Paxanosa. .

Letter to General Shirley requesting One Thousand

Arms.

SIR: As the Province is in the utmost Distress for want of Arms, the few we have being miserably bad, and those ordered from England not arrived, the Commissioners for laying out the Sixty Thousand Pounds have desired me to represent this to your Ex- cellency by express, and having received Information of the Arrival of a large Quantity of Arms at Boston, to request of you that they may in their Great Exi- gency be favored with a thousand, or something less if so many cannot be spared, and that you would be pleased to give your Orders for that Purpose to those who have the Charge of them. No Province, I assure your Excellency, can want a Supply of Arms so much

i

Papers of the Governofs,

tljjM, apiJiebeosive ua >ve are of an attack from tlie b every I>ay, and a« 1 hope tlit.^se Arms are gmdous- 41*11 1 l*y iiiH Majesty for the Defence of the Colonkii* ^aii rely on your Exct*lleni?y'B UoodtR*«« hi exti^iid 9 Favour, and to issue your Oi*di*r» by tJiL* bearer, a will go with iiW Uinpalch to BoBtoii with them,

I pay the Chargenk of Shipping* Rul if they ar^ uf* under such c ircumtauce» that tht^y must Ik! paid ; if the periKUifi who have the t-hariie of them will uify to uie in what mode they would chuse to hf id, I will iniuu*d lately order the Pay men t a 8 (hey ill direct, with the utmost pu net anility,

It fifiveR nie no small Coneern thiit my AtTairs her**

II not ix^riait me to wait on you at New York,

f nm nettlnj? out for the Frontiers, in order to hasten ay 11h^ F<irrt*M Ihat an- de^i;^N\(nl fur Sliamnkin, I am. Sir, Your Kxrt'lleu<'\ 's ainst (Hu'dii^nl lonu * Servant,

Koirr, n. MtHnn?^.

I

i

* _ _ TT nc*

tHHiaa^rs and myself hiwtt been able to do for their tfetyj the conjiideriition of Uiia Deploniblo and Dan- i?rt>ijs gituation, of lliosie Counties wbieh the most niiHidenVble of their Inhabitants, have in the nio«t fifeetiBg manner, Laid before me, Induced me 1 call you Together before the time to whicli on stood adjourned J that the B*^st & speed- 's t nieai^ures might be taken to Prevent, if 'ossible, the total Ruin and Deeulatlon of so onsidt^ruble a part of the Province, which there is too uiL'h Reason to fear, for what has already Happen etl, : that our Enemies will come in Larger Bodies, and ivourc*d by the Reason of the year, do \m much rreater MiHc*hief» than they Ilitherto done. Tile Law for the Better Ordering and Regulating ijrh {IS4 iue williTifi ^ l>esirons fu Im^ Fulled fur mil ary purposes, within this Province, has Contributed ery little towards the Defence of the Frontiers, and 8 I observed to you when I passed it, is so Defective 1 itself, and requires so much Time to carry it into Ixecution, that Nothing Good is to be expected from :, tho' many Companies have formed themselves un- er that Law, yet as it is not in my Power to order ny of them to the frontiers, they are, as to that most [aii:ial Service, Entirely useless; I must, therefore, ecommend it to you, to form such a Militia Bill as ; just & Equal, that may be carried into Immediate Ixecution, and may enable me to Draw the Strength f the Province to such parts as Stands most in need f it, that the Burden of Defending the Frontiers, & onsequently the Province, may not fall too Heavily pen the few Inhabitants whose Circumstances oblige lem to remain in the Back Counties. By the Latest Accounts from Europe, there is the reatest Reason to apprehend that the French have &nt, or intend to send, a Considerable \rmament in

39— Vol. II-4th Ser.

^^.^.^^j vctniiuL ue euectuaiiy Cl< Embargo; and we shall thereby n but be better able to supply his ployed in Our Defence; I therefo you to Prepare a Bill to Enforce by proper Penalties, and the S such an Embargo as shall be tl my self & the Governors of th< vinces to answer tho^e Ends.

The Affairs of the Frontiers an pedition for Building a Fort at of so great Importance to the Pr Personal care and attendance 1 Longer, it gives me Concern that ] delphia at this time; but you m{ Give all the Dispatch Imaginable i propose, which the Secretary will to time by Express.

RO

Harris' Ferry, May 9th, 1756.

Robert Hunter Morris, Gii

ore yotj, givjog an account of tbo misenible Sit- uatiuu of their From ic^ is, and the dangers they are

\ in from the of Indians and French, that

have already penetrated as far as Winchester.

Upon the receipt of this Intelligence I have sent Orders to the forts and Garrisons on the Western Frontiers to be upon their Guards, and put themselves into the beet Posture of Defence tbey possibly can, & am doinjf every thing Else in my Power that can Con- tribute to the better securing that most Expoaed part of our Frontiers; but af§ those Garrisons are but small, and we have no body of Forces on the west side of Hasquehannahp Sufficient to Take the Field, I am fear- ful they will not be able to maintain their Posts agaiimt the numbei-s of the Enemy, that there is the tJreatest Reason to Kxpect will soon Appear in those parts; & we should, therefore, lose no time in preparing some more effectual manner for their Defence.

I have received from the Governor of New York, Copies of an Act for a General Embargo on Provisions & Warlike stores, formerly passed there and Expired, and of an Act passed there the fourth Instant, for re- . viving it for Twenty-one days, and then from the time that the Legislature (»f this Province and New Jersey' shall respectively pass Laws for those Purposes, and to be of Equal Continuance with those Laws, provided they exceed not three months, and in his Letter ac- companying the Copies of the said Act, desired our Concurrence in laying a General Embargo, which be- ing Agreeable to my Sentiments, as Mentioned in my last message to you, I again i*ecommend it to you Immediately to Prepare and Send me a Bill for that purpose. I have ordered the Secretary to lay before you Copies.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Harris' Ferry, May 12th, 1756.

your meeting to-morow; but all tl been able to give tlieiii has not bro as I could wish and as the seast quires; however, I have the Satisf you that we have made a Lodgme place upon the River beyond the E above the two most difficult Fall* considerable part of the Proviaiom moved, and the Remainder will be as fast as a Number of propper ready.

The Secretary will lay before yo from Governor Sharpe, with the 1 of his Government, for Granting Pounds for his Majesty's Service, see that it is expected we shall joii Expedition to the Westward, an( Thousand Pounds intended for tl ditional, and not to be employed ti has undoubted Assurances that Vii vince will Contribute their Reai wards the Supporting and Carry (lit ion.

Robert Hunter Morris, 613

and Dependence upon us, will be far tboBe Westeni Colonies Vigorously to unite their strength in making a well Concerted push to Dislodge the Frencii from those thuir EneroachnientBj and no time seems so fav* ourable for that purpo^^e as while his Majeat,y'a troops & thoae of the Eastern Provinces ai'e employed against them to I be North ward; I must therefoi^e recommend it to you to take thes<^ matters into yonr inimedia/e Con^ideraticm, and Enable me to Give Governor Bharpe the Expected Assurances that we will join and Contribute our reasonable Proportion (owardis that Expedition* whicli, if Succesafnll, must tend so much to the advantage and Security of this Province,

By a letter from ('<immodore Bpry, an Extract of which will be laid before you, I find that he is in great wmnt of Seamen for hi?< Majesty's Ships under his Com* mand, a Number of which he Desires may be sent him from these Colonies, as the having that Squadron manned at this time ife a matter of great Importance to his Majesty's Service, and the Safety not only of Nova Scotia, but of the rest of the Continent; I there- fore recommend it to you, to Enable me by Bounty or otherwise, to raise and send him as many Seamen as the Trade of the Province can spare, which will be a very Seasonable & acceptable Service.

I propose to leave this place to-morrow, or on Tues day at fartherest, and I hope to be with you by the time you can have any Business prepared to lay before me.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Camp at Harris' Ferry, May 23, 1756.

;;jj;ainst \c Delaware's Indians for T^ I send yon, and leave it to yon, afi sidering ye Present State of atfairi not as you shall Judge most Prope

The Multiplicity and Great Varic which I have been Constantly Em I came here, and the Necessary Inl commissioners has so Engrossed mj not do myself ye Pleasure of Writinj have wished.

Mr. Peters will show you the have thought Proper to lay before t Perusal & Consideration.

I cannot Possibly put ye Affairs '. ture as to admit of my leaving thi night, and propose to set out on Tu Philadelphia, where I hoi>e soon to of seeing & acquainting you fully we have made in our Expedition ai Frontiers, and am

Your most Obedient HumbL

ROI

ramp at Harris' Ferry, 2.*^ May, 1

Robert Hunter Morris. 615

A letter to the Governor of Massachusetts Concern- ing the Exportation of Provisions and War Sup- plies.

SIB: I acknowledge the Beceit of yours of the Seven- teenth of May, and as the like Besolutions take Place here as at New York, I laid your Letter before the Council along with Mr. Smith's application for my Orders on the Collector to clear a vessel in which were Provisions for your Province.

They were unanimonsly of Opinion that your Letter and Mr. Smith's application thereon could not be com- plied with, as it would be an express Breach of the Law, for that it ought to appear in every application of a Governor what particular Species of Provisions are wantinj^, and what Quantities, and that they are no more than necessary to supply those wants, and that then this Government should ship them accordingly; and they think you will concur with them in Opinion when you come to consider the words of the Act, which is, therefore, sent you, being inserted in the Gazette.

In cases where the Embargo is laid by my Warrant to the Collector, I should make no Difficulty of relaxing it on any just and proper Occasion, but as the act is binding upon the Collector, and no orders of mine al- lowed but such as are given in the manner and with the Bequisites mentioned in the Act. It gives me concern that I cannot interferein Favour of Mr. Smith's application, but wh<'nover you shall please to send me yonr Commands, eomformable to the Act, I shall take a Pleasure in executing them.

I am. Sir, Your very humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MOBBIS.

Governor Phi]>pa.

....c.ij;, Kx, iiiui<tii aiiiiii's, as aii^o has been transacted with tlie Indi in Conseiiucnce of those Lettei-s see the Disposition those People sire they have to be distinguish^ that have joined the French, an< liance and Friendship with us.

The Council have advised me to publish a Proclamation for a ^ ities, that the Measures now taki dation may meet with no obstru brage be given to those Indiana bringing that affair to a f^atisfact^ pose to send the Proclamation fc accompanied with a proper Mes Doubt of the necessary Support fr ecution of these measures.

In order to render the late Embj etfectual, I have called the Assei Counties to m(»et at New Cattle on Instant, and shall recommend it Law to the same Effect with that and as that will onlv Occasion an

p^lSoBert Hunter Moms.

To the Assembly Concerning an Appropriation for the Governor's Support*

[j You are sensible that tlie Trouble and Expence attending the amiuiBtratlon of the Oovernment lince my arrival tov* been considerably greater than n any former Time^ and that no Bum.s Siinceyour first iessioQii have been granted for my Support; I must, Jierefore, desire you will take this Matter into Your !0nstderat]on; and make such Provision as is agree- ible to Justice and the Prattiee of former Assemblies,

ROBT. H. MOEKIH. PhUadelphia, June M, 1756.

\n Address to Captain Newcastle Sind Jagrea, Repre- sentatives of the Six Nations.

BRETHREN: I have had good Reason to detain you here so long, for I have expected daily to receive the Re- sult of the Council that is now holding at Onondago by the Six Nations, at the Instance of the Chiefs of the Dela wares and Shawonese, this, you must be sen- sible, would be propper for me to know before I re- turned'the answer of this Government to the Mes- ^iges of the Diahogo Indians, least they should say )ne thing to the Six Nations and another to me; and ^'a« it not that those Indians might, by your longer 5tay, imagine you were killed, I should encline to de- ain you till I could know for certain what has passed t Onondaga between Sir William Johnson, the Six sfations, and the Deputies of the Sasquehannahs, Del- wares, and Shawonese.

is,, that they may testify to tlie kind Treatment they have rec ren, and to confirm the testimc and by these means intirely j have been told those Indians oned and put to death the Ind us. Brethren:

Hearken attentively to the swer to the Messages you bn at Diahogo; the Interpretter i to you, and lay in order the S to enforce what I say, for tl your Memory:

The Oovemo7' and the People < India/as on Sdsqueluinjiah g

Brethren:

I return you the Thanks of 1 kind Reception you gave to 1 look upon as an act of Fri€ your kind Intentions.

A String of 4 Rows.

Robert Hunter Morris.

619

a J reat assured we oif^an punctually to perform tliein, id expect the same Diftposition in You,

A String of 4 Hows,

netLren, Dela wares, Shawouese^ Muiisiea^ and Mo

hiceous:

As you, on your PJirt, have confirined the TrH\tie*. [id leagur^B of amity HubsiBting between you and thi^ joverntneot, and given a lielt lu f 'on format ion ther r, and desire the same may be done on our Parti I o now, by this Belt, ratify and confirm all former reaties and Engagements, and assure yon that they liall be most inviolably observed as long as the Snn [lines.

Here a large Belt was given, rethren:

As your Confirmation of former Treaties was ac ompyneid with professions of Sincerity, so I make ou the Strongest Assurances of Truth in the Con- rmation this Government has now made.

A String of 4 Bows, irethren :

That both you and T may have an Opportunity of laking those mutual Declarations at a Publick Con- ention, I now, kindle a Council fire at the House of onrad Weiser, who is one of the Council of the five ations and the publick Interpretter of this Province.

A large Belt of 14 Rows, rethren :

Having Appointed a place for us to meet in Council,

now clean the Road to this Place and remove the ogs & other Obstructions out of it, so that it may e perfectly Safe for every one desirous to use it to *avle to their Brethren when met in Council.

A large Belt of 8 Rows & 8 Strings tied to it. brethren :

It is offencive to see Blood spilt upon the Road used ►y people who have lived in friendship Together. I.

where they may be mistaken fc and tliat tlie Indians may kn send some of them along wit] hoga, who will Declare what ' from us. What few we ha^ be set at Liberty when the brought there.

A String. Brethren:

This last is a very Importai absolutely depend, that all ] sides shall be delivered up. as on Either Side where this if the most full and ample mann a Single Prisoner; this Belt i be punctually |iorformed by same punctually on your Sid

Two large Belts, one 7 the < Brethren :

You have mentioned to us been in and are in for w^ant owing to Your having given v Evil Spirit, and Struck us yo

Eobcrt Hunter Morris. 621

HfL'tliren:

Aa you have laid down tiie Hatchet and desire the «ame may be done by uBj our meBBeoger Carries with him cor Froelamation for Bnepen^iotL of Hastilitiefi witluB the Limits therein Specifledj of which we have iuforaied the Ms. NatiooB. Brethren:

Agreeable to the repeated advice and Ret|iie6t of ScaiToyady and other IndianB of the Six Katione then residing in this Province, I engaged to build a fort at Shaniokin for the Protection of our friendly Indians^, their wtfes and children; and I now acquaint you with the march of the Forces, in Order to effect this nsefnll work, that it may give no umbrage, the Commander having my Orders not to act offeneively. Brethren:

You are to take notice that nothing proposed by me is to Interfere with any Invitation you may have from Sir William Johnston, or Your Uncles the Six Nations; they have acquainted me that a great Coun- cil is to be held in the Country of the Six Nations, and those Indians at Diabogo are invited to it; I would have them by all means give their Attendance there; you may go to either Place as you incline, for we are both in the Service of the King and act by his Di- rection. Brother Newcastle:

I have now finished what I w^ould have you say, in the name of this Province, to the Indians gathered at Diahogo; you will adoi)t the several articles to In- dian Customs, retaining the Spirit and Substance of them.

June 8, 1756.

**Hr()tlier Opi^liraderisha :

''Coloiiol riapliam lias Cou 8iK*dal Messeiig(*r the severa livered to him, as well from as from your good friends & and I detained the Express nc sary to lay them before the w ask in all matters relating t< Consideration, and they conci Hwer, which I am going to mj ^'Brother:

"I return you hearty thanks they Give me much Satisfac Care and sincere affection for royady and our other friends on the North Branch of Susqi ticularly Obliged to you for U; uous Journey."

A String. ^*Brother:

You tell me that Sir Willia too difficult for him to take th remote Indians who live on th

Robert Hunter Morris,

rertlnns to Mui; in Confiruiation thereof 1 give this ring/' A String. Jrother:

/'l^ou say that the nix Nations living on the North fuucb of Susqnehanmi, have appointed you to repre^ nt them and will ratify & confirm whatever you raiisact with this Government on their behalf. As m have so fnll u Power from them, I must desire you (Proceed to thie City, the Place where all our M^ise en and Goiineilors Assemble together and transact e Publick Business. I have several matters now un- !r my Consid<*ration of Great Importance to oul Uiefly tlie IndianSy which I cannot commnnicate bat

(ToQBcil; by this Belt, therefore, I invite you to Gome

thi» City and afford me your asBistanee and advice

Council." A Belt. Jrother:

I thank the Indians for their ready and Voluntary nsent; they have by you given consent to our Build- g a Fort at Shamokin; you must be sensible that is measure did not Originally proceed from me, but IS first moved by the Six Nations who lived amongst t, and on their renewing their request, after having jen present in the great Council lately held at Sir illiam Johnston's, 1 consented to it. I promised it ould be done, and the Forces under Colonel Clap- im are now going to carry the promise I made the X Nations when here, into Execution, brother:

"I am desired to build another Fort fourteen miles ►ove Wioming, at a Place called Adjouquay. I have ^reed to this request and am taking measures to do

out of Hand, about which I shall likewise want

Consult you.

624 Papers of the Governors.

'*Brotlier:

**1 have given notice of your arrival auiougst u» to Sir William Johnston and Scarroyady at Port John- ston, and I have sent Messengers to Diahoga to give them Information of it: at least they should be on- eaHv at your absence, and I mention thi« that you may be the more willing to come to this City, where I shall l>e glad to take you by the Hand, & place you among my Oouncollors. "Brother:

"You may return to Susquehanna from this City by a nigh & ( -onvenient road with out any danger, and I shall take Care that you be well rewarded for yonr Trouble/'

A String. "Brother:

"As I expect to «c^ you here you must not look on this as a Compleat answer; you must be sensible from What 1 have said that your Message is extremely Ajrre(*abl(» to us and will be Comjdied with, hut I liav(» sevi'ial thinjrs to be nu*ntioned to you in a iK»r- sonal CnnfenMice/'

KOBT. H. MORRIS.

1 l!h June, 17o(;.

Letter to Cc^loncI Cla])ham Concerning nieans of Se- curing Information in Regard to the Movenicnii^ of the Indians.

SIR: Your Express Arrivinl in Town last night an<l d(*liver'.Ml me your (lis]>atch(^s, which I laid before the Council and Commissioners who were unani niously of Opinion that we should Avail ourselvt^ of the Opportunity given us by the arrival of Ogaplira (h^risha to be made acquainted as well with what has

Robert Hunter Morris. 625

I done among the Six Nations at Fort John&ton ^hat is doing among the several Tribes of Indians which he has passed, and that I should invite to this City in order to settle with him several lers now under our Consideration, and agreeable lieir Determination I have formed my Answer to t was delivered by him in the Conference held >ur Camp, which I desire you will get Interpretted im, and if he is reluctent I must desire you will lim right and Encourage him to come.

3 Mr. Shippen is with you I desire he may conduct at least as far as Lancaster, if not to this City,

Qg care that he be well Escorted, and whai he es to Lancaster provided with any necessary he want, if they cannot be procured with you for the ormance of his Journey, le Commissioners are accjuainted with the Con-

4 of your (leueral lA>tter, and I hope they will not ou want any thing you have wrote for, (»ithor in or your former Letters.

iptain Satter sett of yesterday with my Letter and ructions to you, together with some Blank Com- ions and other Papers. I have sent you £100 by Bard, who will set off in a day or two, and is all money I have by me. I have paid the Messen- Six Pounds, and leave it to you to Settle with for the Journey and other Services. I am, Sir, Your humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS. nel4, 17.56.

40— Vol. II— 4th Scr.

626 Papers of the Governors.

Orders for the building of Pomphret Castle, the sending out of Scouts and Distributing Arms for the Campaign against the Indians.

ORDERS TO LIEUTENANT COLONEL ARMSTRONG.

YOU ARE IMMEDIATELY TO SEND CAPTAI> George Armstrong to build Pomphret Castle where it was laid out by Major Burd, as Colonel Claphaurs regiment uy now in that Neighbourhood, and you will direct him to acquaint Colonel Chapham of all his Motions, and keep up a Correspondence with him, that they may mutually assist each other if need- full.

You are also to send out, from time to time, one or more Companies, a« you shall judge proper, to range and Scour the woods AYestward, as far a» they can be a<()niodated with Provisions in proper Quantities and (iualitys; which Partu^s are to be made up of Detach- ni(»nts from such garrisons as you shall think lit, but not to consist of less than fifty in Each party, and to be Commanded by siuli of the officers as you shall ai)iK)int, and you are to furnish them with propr Oi'ders and Instructions to search for and annoy the Kncmy Indians, and lo n^cover as many Prisoners as tlu\v can, and to b«» Particularly Careful in thcii' marclK's not to be Surjirised.

You will r(M'(M^*e fi'om the Commissioners one Hun- dn^d muskets, with their Accoutrements, and two Hun- drcHl Fuzeet^ or light Arms, with theirs. The fornn'^ are (o be Distributed among the Ciarrisons where tlu'^ are most wanted, taking the Officers' receipts, and you are to send down all the Arms that an* bad and P^*^ fe(tiv<'. The Fu/.ees an* Intond(*d for the ranginfj ^Ser vice, and Vou are to be Accountable for the \vlu)l<*' A Quantity of Ammunition & ])rovij*ion will jilso 1>^' s(qit up, and the Commissioners are to follow nnd ol»

Robert Hunter Morris. M»rve yotir OrdtTS and Dtrettioiis Id tbe Destributiuu

ROBT. n. morris;.

By tag Honour's rommand,

WttJ. TETERS^, Millttr, ^inretury, j riiilu., Uth June, lT5ii,

Drders for the Distribution of Provisions , Stores and I Ammunition of War for the Campaign against the Indians,

3RDERS TO THE SEVEEAL COMMISSARIES OF THE FHOV^ INCIAIj stores in the county op CUMBERLAND.

\rOU ARE HEREBY ORDERED TO DELIVER. I Apply, and Dm tribute all the Provincial Ani- uninon, Froyi^ions, & Htores, which you now bare upon hand and shall hereafter receive, into such Persons and Persons, in such Parcles md Quantitys, and for such uses as you shall from time to time be ordered & directed by Colonel John Armstrong, Esqr., and not Otherwise; and his Drders and the proper receipts of the Several persons jhall deliver out the same to, upon such Orders, from :ime to time, shall be vour sufficient Voucher on mak- ing up and Settling your Accounts.

ROBT. H. MORRIS. By his Honour's Command,

Wm. PETERS, Mily. Secretary. Phila., 14th June, 1756.

Orders for the Mustering of Troops for the Service.

>RDERS AND INSTRUCTIONS TO JAMES YOUNG, ESQUIRE.

HAVING APPOINTED YOU COMMISSARY Greneral of the muster for this Province, you are as often as occasion shall require, and fou shall receive particular Orders for that

iiig, and tliey whose names ficates of Inlistnients, respe if the persons appear! nji; at take a true list, in which names of the Officers and me of the Officers' Commissions his trade, the time of his I whine he was born; which m pare with the muster Kolls i the Oaths of the propi^r Offi spectively; and if they in ai Enquire into the Cause of 8 report thereof to me, or th< the time being.

And when you shall be f that purpose by the Commiss Officers, you are at the time after as Conveniently you Officers and men from the ti listments, or their last pay Instructions you shall from i the Commisssionere, or othe

Yon are to keei) an Exact

Robert Hunter Morris. 629

to the Inspection and Examination of the Gommis- sionero, or the Other projier Officers.

Ton are also to return to me lists or Bolls of the Several Companies 300 shall muster from time to time, and as you will be required to swear that the same, as well as your accounts, are just and true, you will be very Careful 1 in making them up.

Yon are on every Occasion to Examine into the state and Condition of the Forts, Arms, Ammunition, Provisions, Blankets, Accoutrements, Tools, and Other Stock and things belonging to his Majesty, or the Province, and remaining at such Fort, and with each Company of which you are to return me, or the Commander-in-Chief for the time being, an exact ac- count and report; and of all other your Transactions and Proceedings in a Convenient time, after making such musters from time to time.

June 14, 1756.

Letter to Timothy Horsfield Concerning Indian Af- fairs.

rhiladelphia, June 23d, 1756.

SIB: I am favoured with yours of the twenty-first by the Express, and in answer think it proper that Capt. New Castle should set off directly for Diahoga, and take with him two or three of the Indians just arrived, that they may testify along with him our good Reeeption of thi-m.

I do hereby empower the Brethren and re(iuest them to receive into their Ilouses at Bethlehem all such friendly Indians as shall come to them and desire to be taken in, and to support and maintain them till they have my further orders, always taking Care to adver-

t'af^tie, wnicn i i^^ ^>iiu v>iii is with all possible Dispatch iiecessiiry, and if lie should the first Part of my Letter t Indians from Diahoga shoul sire you or some of ilie Br« name to such of the Dialio think most trusty aud sen( with my additional messages Sir, Your

Messages to be Delivered b the Indians at Diahoga e Letter to Mr. Horsfield.

BROTHER: '^Having received Info friendly Indians at Diah selves under our Protection, left behind are dis]>osed to

Robert Hunter Morris.

631

■Brother I

"I DOW inform yon that Ogaghradarisha, an liidiim, «rho I suppose is well known to yon, was lately at Port Johnaon along with Scarroyady and Andrew tfoatotir, and was sent by Sir William Johnson and Scarroyady along with the Gi^ynga Indian who was it Philadelphia with a Message to the Indians at >iahogay and with another to Col. Clapham at whose IJamp he is now arritred, and 1 have sent for him to ;ome to me that I may take his Advice in Indifuoi Af- 'aiirs. I desire yon will acquaint the Indians at Dia- loga with his safe arrival^ and that I shall not detain dm longer than is necessary. 'Brother:

**The Scalping Party who went from the Jersey B returned, and I have received assurances from them hat they will not go into aiiy further hostile Meaauree. They were not acquainted with the Suspension of riostilities, or they would not have gone; of this ac- luaint the Indians at Diahoga, and that they will neet with no Obstruction from any of our Warriors, >at be aided by them, if they incline to remain with rou. 'Brother:

"I earnestly request you will see John Shickcalamy, md entreat him to join his Family to those who are lisposed to come to us, and I engage him a good re- ception."

June 23 ,1756.

632 Papers of the Governors.

To the Assembly Concerning His Majesty's orders with Reference to Measures of War against the French and Indians.

GENTLEMEN: Ills Majesty having l)een Pleased to Appoint the Earl of London Commander-in-Chief of all his Forces in North America, and ordered two Begimenti of foot, a Train of Artillery, and a sufficient Quantity of Warlike Stores for the Service & defence of these Colonies, he has Commanded me to give his Lordship and the Troops all the Assistance in my Power; and Particularly to recommend it to you to appropriate such part of the funds already raised, or which shall he raised for the Publick Service, to be Issued and applied to the General Service in such manner as the ( 'ommander-in-Chief shall direct.

His Majesty, Enabled by act of Parliament, has been phrased to appoint a number of German, Swiss, and Dntrh Protestants to be Officers of a Regiment which lie has called the Koyal American Regiment, and it lH4n^ of givat Imporlance to his Majesty's Servio* tliat Proper EneouragemeDt be given to such Persons as may be Inclined to lulist in the King's Troops, In" lias Ordered ih<» particularly to n^'omniend it to make Provision out of such funds as Already Exist, or may lieiM^afler hv raised for th«* King's Service, for repay ing i\w niast(Ms of such Indented Servants as shall Kngag(» in his Majesty's Service the niou(\v ]>aid by th'' said Masters upon th(W)riginal Contraet, in Proportion to the Time su<li Indented S^^rvants have to servi.

His Maj(*sty has further Comnianded me to reooin UK^nd it to you to pass Effectual Laws for prohibit ing all trad(» and Commerce with the French, and to prevent their being Su])]»lied with Provisions; and as th<» Law lately passi^d hen^ for an Embargo i^ill- by the Expiration of the act for that purpose passed

Robert Hunter Morris. 633

iu the Lower CountieB, end on the Seventh of July, I hope You will prepare a proper Bill for Continuing an Embargo so necessary for his Majesty's Seryice and the Safety of these Colonies for some time Longer.

The Secretarj' will lay before you Extracts of the Secretary's of States Letter to me relating to the Mat- ters now recommended, and I hope you will, without delay, enter upon Consideration of them, and Comply with his Majesty's Expectations.

The money heretofore given for the King's use will be very soon expended^ and I shall in that case be under a necessity of Disbanding the troops raised for the defence of the Province, and of Destroying or abandoning the several forts erected upon our Fron- tiers. I must, therefore, desire you will grant such fuKher supplies as the prc^sent situation of our affairs require.

EOBT. H. MORRIS.

Philadelphia, June 29th, 1756.

To the Assembly Concerning the Bills for Continuing the excise and for Regulating the Indian Trade.

GENTLEMEN: The Secretary will lay before you the Bill in- tituled "An Act for the Continuing 'An Act for laying an Excise on wine, Rnm, Brandy, and other Spirits,' " to which I have added a Clause: "that the money arising tlfereby shall be disposed off in such a manner as the Governor and Commander-in-Chief, and in Case of his Death or Absence, the President of the Council and the House of Representatives shall direct and appoint;" ^.his manner of disposing of the Public Money appears to me most Conducive to the General Interest, and you will observe by an article

ot (Tiiiat I5riiain, wiiu wuuus porting an agent or agents venting abuses in the Indiai ments I heretofore made to that they are Just & reason fore recede from them.

Philadelphia, June 30th, 1

To the Assembly Concerni of the Weste

GENTLEMEN: The Secretary will la^ Intelligence of Nicodemi dians that lately came to ] called Diahoga, upon the Sj will see that the Western Ii sp1v(»s into a Rodv. with ai

Robert Hunter Morris. 635

Lei', ixuy other MuaHuies are ueeeseary for tlie rublic Siifetjr, you will enable lue to take them.

BOBT. H. MOBBIB. Philadelphia, Jnly 6, 1756.

Letter to Timothy Horsfield Concerning Indian Af- fairs.

SIB: I am Sorry year MeBsenger has been Obliged to wait my Betnrn from Newcastle. I am afraid the Pour Indians will not have Patience to stay; bat if. fon have been able to detain fhem I desire yon will Present a String to Holapecka and his Company, & others Present, Acquainting them with my Absence IS an Apology for the slow Return of their Messenger. Tell him I wish it could have Consisted with the Cir- cumstances of their Families for them to have given me the Satisfaction of seeing them here; but as this ioes not suit them now, and they are in want of Pro- visions, I have Ordered you to Supply them with as much as they can Carry, and a Small Quantity of Pow- der & Lead as much as may be wanted for the Pres- ent to serve their Nef^essities; more I would give them, t)ut it would be dangerous to themselves if met by our Enemy Indians to have more.

I send another String to be given to Holapecka to Present for me to his Father when he Returns from Dnondago. It is to Invite the Old man to come & see tne & give me his Advice. 1 think three or four Pounds of Powder will be enough, & as much Provisions as they can carry; how much that will be must be left to jrour Judgment, but they should by all means be sent very well Satisfied.

}6 Papers of the Governors*

Pleast* lo make my Acknowledgi^meutfi tu Mr. i^pan^; jlK*rg fur the Troubli* given him in these Indian Af- liri*, I ai»[*rov** what he & you liave dane^ a or is il iv want of Ht^sim^ct, Imt Time that I aiiij Your humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MOKRI8. July 9, 1756,

I

Letter to Mr. Parsons Conceniirtg Indian Affairs, iniiladelphia, lUh Jul>% 1756.

5 Ilaviiifr Ordert^l th(> IndinnR at Rj^thlehain jind Huvh (iIIkt i'fieiidly liidiuns as Khali Ctmu- thither i be Keinovi'd to Kaj^toii, I desire vrni will Iiumedi- t'lv iiiiiUe Ihe n(M:'e?i,sjiTV I'reiiaralirntj^ of hon^Hes a ml rovisions iov Wh-iv lii ception. niid at a Certain time

Robert Hunter Morris, Letter to Mr, Horsfield on Indian Matte^FJ

Philadelphia, 11th July, 175«.

SIB: I laid year Letter of the 7th Instant before the Ckxnncily and Since the Brethren And it Inconven- ient, and Express their nneasiness at the Indians CSon- tinoing with them, I have determined to remove them for the present to Easton, where the Onard will be Able Sufficiently to protect them from Insults, and prevent their doing mischief, in case their Dispo- ritions should not prove so friendly as is Pretended.

I have given orders to Mr. Parsons to receive them & to And them in Provisions, and as soon as he has fitted up a Comodious place for them in Easton, he is to Acquaint you that he has done so, & Agree on a time to send an Escort for them, and you will be Pleased accordingly to deliver them over to his Orders.

If a number of Indians should come Along with New- castle, they must likewise be well guarded and Con- ducted to Easton, there to Remain till I give fur- ther Orders.

The Proclamation for Suspension of Hostilities is

Continued for days longer, and it is expected

that all Persons, Civil and Military, will yield due Obedience thereto.

I am, Sir, Your Humble Servant,

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

To the Assembly Concerning the Act Prohibiting the Exportation of Provisions, &c.

GENTLEMEN: At your Instance I cnlled the Assembly of the T^wer Counties & pressed them to Continue the Prohibition of Provisions and Warlike Stores to the

638 Papers of the Governors.

time limited by the Laws of New York & J««ey, bat Ihey Ohiise only to continue it till the twentieth In- stant, and from Thence for so long a time as the Leg- islature of this Province shou'd pass or continue a Law for the Like Purposes; provided the same did not ex- ceed the twenty-Second day of October next. I am. thereby, laid under the disagreeable Necessity of Call- ing 3'ou together at this Busy Reason in order to have the Embargo continued for the same time it is in the Provinces of New York & Jersey; & as the Acts of Assc^nibly passed for the Prohibition of Provisions & Warlike Store?* \%ill Expire with to-morrow\ I hope you will Immediately enter upon the matter, & give it all the Dispatch the Nature of the thing Requires. Th(» Secretary will lay before you a Copy of the Act of tlu* Lower Counties. You will, by Proper Clauses in the Law you may think it Necessary on this Oc casion to proposes leave me at liberty to send Supplies to such of the King's Shiy)s & forces as may be Em- ployed in any part of Anu^ica; & to ])ut the trade of liiis 1*1ju*^\ wliilf* i\w Embargo lasts, upon the same footinji it is in the otlitM* Bread Colonies.

ROBT. n. MORKIS. IMiiliuh'lpliia, July 20th, 1750.

To the Assembly Concernine: Indian Affairs.

GKNTLKMEX: You will s(*e by the Indian Minutes, which tb<* S(MnHary Avill lay before you, that our good Frien<i X' faithful messenger, Capt. Newcastle, is R<^tnrne(l froui Diahoga, tK: has brought to Bethleham a Number of SuscpK^lianna Indians ^: thf^ Dalaware King Tee- deus<ung, from Whoiu 1 haxo R*mmmv(m1 a message eX

Robert Hunter Morris. 639

pre&Bing liiB Satisfaction with what has been trans- acted by Capn. Kewcajstle, & telling hlni that he waita my Coming to bitu.

You will Observe by Sir William Johnston's Letter to Ctenaral Abercrombie giylng an account of his Pro* eeedings at Onondago, which I laid befoie yon, that by means of Six Nations, such of the Delawares as Attoided that Meeting have Already laid down the Hatchet, and Engaged to follow the Example of the 8ix Nations and Assist us Against the French.

As there is the Greatest Reason to think, as well from 8ir Wm. Johnston's transactions & the message from Teedenscnng, as from what Gapt. New Oastle has Commnnicated in Council, that the Delaware King & People living on the River Susquehanna are in a good Disposition to Return to their Alliance & former friendship with us, I think so favourable an Op- I)ortunity of fixing those people in our Interest should not be neglected. I, therefore, Recommend it to you to make Provision for the Expence that will Attend the Conferences upon this Occasion, & for fulfilling such Engagements as the Present Exigencies may make it Necessary for me to enter into, in which you may be Assured I shall have a particular Regard to the Honour & Safety of this Province.

ROBT. H. MORRIS.

Philadelphia, July 21st, 1756.

Speech to Representatives of the Six Nations.

BRETHREN: By a Belt, which I sent by Newcastle and the other Indian Messengers to Diahoga, I informed the Indians there that I had kindled a Council fire. By

to sp(s'ik to us siiic(*i'(»ly may do so.

A String.

July 28, 1756.

A Second Speech to the

Nai

BRETHREN: I am going to Speak met about; my Speer Great moment. By this St I open 3'our Ears, that 3'0 tion.

A String. Brethren:

The Inhabitants of this a peaceable people, and Re Constant friendship to th Indians in Alliance with 1

Robert Hunter Morris. 641

them an J Jost Cause of Offence. As soon as we knew this, we sent to the Hix Nations & infornu?il theni of it, and deeiired to know whether this Blow had been struck b}^ their direction, or with their Privity or Con< s<*ntj And, on Receiving Assurances from them that it was not with their Consent^ and that they greatly disapproved snch Conduct, we made Beady tOfBevenge the Injury we had Received, and we wanted neither men, Arms, Amnnition, or Strength to do it, and to take Vengeance for the Injury done us; yet when we had the Hatchet in our hands, and were iNPepared«iot only to defend ourselves, but to Carry the warr into the Country of those who had Struck us, we sent again to the six Nations, agreeable to the treaties subsist- ing between us, to Acquaint them of our Intentions; they let us know they had held a great Council at Fort Johnston on this matter, and that Deputies from thence were sent to summon a Meeting of the Dela- wares & Rhawonese at Oataningo, who were Returned with an Account that their nephews had at their In- terposition laid down the Hatchet and would Strike the English no more. The Six Nations having Re- ceived these Assurances from the Delawares and Shawonese, requested us not to Execute our Hostile purposes, but to suspend Hostilities, Declaring that they woa'd fully Accomodate this Breach and bring about a peace. At this Request of the Six Nations we kept our Warriors at home for guarding & Pro- tecting our Frontiers. I then sent Capt. Newcastle and other Indian Messensjers to you to notify the Ad- vices of the Six Nations with Respect to what had been determined at Ostaningo, Instructing him in case he found you sincerely disposed for peace & inclined to return to your Alliance with us, to Assure you on the Behalf of this Government that we were willing to do it on just & Honourable terms. Newcastle and

41— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

642 Papers of the Governors.

the other Messengers Returned with your Answers in wliich vou Acknowledge you had been under the Influence of an Evil Spirit, But were well Disposed to return to your old Amity & friendship, at the same time letting us know that you was sorry for what had passed, that you was in Distress, and Desired we would I)ity your Distresses. To shew our Readiness to enter a treaty, and our Sincerity in what was said by New- castle, I sent him back again to you to let you know on Behalf of this Government that I had kindled a Council fire, iuAited all your People to it. Cleared the Road, washed off the Blood, and PromiscHl if your People would come to Council and Rt^new former leagues, and do what is further necessary on this Oc- casion, I would bring something with me to Releavc your Distresses. I thought it Right to go thro' this Account in this Pai'ticular manner that you might know from myself what was the Subject of the Mes- sages sent by Newcastle, and whfit was the Substance of Uie Answers T received by him. And now I sup- pose (iis I do not see the body of your Indians hen'> yonr People in (U^neral did not beleave Newcastle, but sent you to know if he had my Authority for the- sev(Mal Matters lie Delivered to you, and to hear thenm from my own mouth. I do not blame you for this*' Caution, it besi>eaks your care. The nuitters Iw waj^- Cliarged with ])eing of the last Concern for the Sat- isfaction of all your People, how wide so(»ver they an-"^ I)is]HTsed, T do in this Public Assembly, in the nanic^^

of the Ciov(U'nnient c^' ]K'0])le of this Province assun^

you that Cn])t. N(^wcastle a<*ted by my Authority, Sc^ in (Confirmation of what I have said, and that what h^-^ Delivered was by Authority from me. I giv(» you this? Belt. • A Belt.

I

Robert Htinter Morris. 643

n

Brethrea:

P Being now €'oDviin.fd out of oij moutli of the mu- ferity of my I*rofeftsion rnade to you by Capt, New tafitle, and of the Lii^j^>o»Hioiis of the People of this Province to Renew tlte Ancient fnendsbip that Sab »i«ted between William Peim (& the IiidijinSf 1 de»ire yon will report this to 'the Indians at Diahoga, and to the Six NntiuoB, imd all the Indians far & ne^ar, ai niy woi*ds 8i>olcen to them in the name and on the Be- half of the (lovernment of Pennsylvania, I invite thera all to this Council fire, the Greatt^st nninber that nhall rouie Tlie more acceptable it whU be to me. I invite & desire yon will bring with you your whole 'I'eople; but then you niu«t brinjj here with you aI**o tht^ Prisonei^s you have taken during the'f*e DiHturb ;Tnr+»*4 I Tiuist Insist on this a8 an Kvideiirf uf y**iir Sincerity to make a lasting Peace; for without it, tho^ Peace may be made from the Teeth outwards, yet .while you retain our Flesh & Blood in Slavery It cannot be Expected we can be friends with you, or that a Peace can come from our hearts. I repeat this Article of the Prisoners as a Necessary Condition of Peace, and desire you will Consider it as such. If in this you deal with us Sincerely we shall Esteem you sincere in every Respect, and proceed to Renew our former leagues and Covenants, and become again one flesh as before; and I must Remind you (as we are Acting in Concert with the Six Nations) to bring some of your Uncles along with you that they may see all that passes and be Witnesses of tlie good Effects of their & our message to you.

A Belt. Brethren :

In Testimony of the Satisfaction you have given all our People by coming to take this Council fire,They have put into my hands a small Present for you and your young men, which will be given you at any time

Prisoners are delivered up larjj^e Presents will b(» give lieved in a more Ample man Brothers:

Great works Require stroi is a good and great one; tl quires Strong Heads & »t many such may be Joined t sire your Assistance for Pen Having great Influence with tant from us, you are esteem therefore, Chuse you as Age Province; Engage in it hear you owe it to the Country in owe it to your Brethren, th< your own People, over whic you will heartily undertake i deavours to bring about thii have now begun.

A large Belt.

July 29, 1756.

Robert Hunter Morris,

From their Pit?seiit Distresses* I tliiiik it further fieeessary to inform yon tbat a part of this Present wast givfii by the F(?uple Called Quakers (who are l>e»fx*iidants of tbose who first c^me over to this'eouii* try with your old friend William Penn) as a partic- iilar Testimony of their Ri^gard and Affection for the [ndiaDs, and their Earnest desire to promote the good w ork of Peace in which we are now Engaged. Brethren :

Thl^ is not only thi^ir Sentiments hnt my own aad those of the People of this Province, who will all n- joyce to see this good work of Peace p€*rfocted; and therefore a» you have now Received from us, this is !$nb»tantlal proof of oar Dispositions to Releare your Distr^Sj^eB, voii mil be better Enabled to Encourngi^ others to return to their former friendship with ns. I say, Brother, By this we give you a clear testimony of our Readiness, and good Dispositions for peace, shew you the same Readiness, & Comply with the terms I have proposed to you.

A String.

July 30, 1756.

WILLIAM PENN, 2d. Claimant, 1718-1720.

JOHN, THOMAS AND RICHARD PENN.

Proprietors, 1727-1746.

RICHARD AND THOMAS PENN.

Proprietors, 1746-1771.

Chapter IV.

WILLIAM PENN, 2d. Claimant. 1718-1720.

JOHN, THOMAS AND RICHARD PENN.

Proprietors,

1 727- 1 746.

RICHARD AND THOMAS PENN.

Proprietors,

1746-1771.

THE WILL* OF WILLLVM PENN, EXECUTED in .anticipation of the transfer of his civic rights in IN^maylvania to the Crown, devised them in trust to the Earls of Oxford, Mortimer and Powlett,

•THK WILL (tV WILLIAM PENN.

1 WILLL\M PKNN Ksqr fl<» called Cheife proprietor & Governour of the Province of Pennj»llvanla and the TerritoryeH thereunto belongrlnir. beingr of Bound mind and understanding:, for which I bless God, doe make and declare this my la«t Will and Testament.

My Eldest Son b*^lnK well provided for by h Settlement of his Mothers and my ffathcrs Estate I Klve and devine the Rest of my Estate in Manner following

The Government of my Province of Pennsilvania and Territories there- unto lM»longlnK and all pow»rH relat'.MnK thereunto I grive and devise to the most Hono'ble the Earle of Oxford and Earl Mortimer, and to William Earlc Powlett, so called, and their Heires, upon Trust to dispose thereof

(647)

in 1727 a (•()nii)roiiiis( wm

of luM* three* surviviiij; son

John Penn was born in

to the Queen or any other persi^n ai plyed In such a manner as 1 sha

I Klve and devise to my dear Wlf« Callowhill and to my good ffrlenda to Gilbert Heathcote I'hysltlan. St Oouldney, all llveing In England. Richard Hill. Isaac Nnrrls, Samuel or near Pensllvanla and their helrea amts whatsoever rents and other prr sllvania and the Terrltores thereunt Trust that they shall sell and dls sutflclent to pay all my just debts, shall convey unto each of the thr Oueliema-Marla, Sprlngett. and >VI111 helres 10,0(W acres of land in some p out by my Trustees aforesaid. All t whatsoever, scituate lyelng and bei Trustees shall convey to and amongst Wife in such proporcon and for such fit. but b»?fore such Conveyance shall my said Trustees shall convey to n to name before lO.UOO acres of my si Trustees shall think fltt.

All my p'wonall estate In Pennsilv rent due there I give to my said deai trix for the equall l>enedtt of her and

In Testimony whereof I have sett whl "h I declare to be my last Will by me.

Signed Sealed and rubllahed by the ence of us who sett our names as W said Testator nitHr th«' Jnttrlint-ac on

. nC' i'lU'Wri (. . ..

VN,

The Pcnn Family. 649

nated the high regard in which he was held by the coloniBts during hiu residence in the. province in 1734 and 1735. He died unmarried in 1746, bequeathing his interest in the colony to his brother Thomas.

Richard Penn remained in England, but was aniply represented in Pennsylvania by his sons John and Thomas, both of whom at times held the reins of gov- ernment th^re. Ho died in 1771, being succeeded in the proprietorship by his son John.

Thomas Penn, the last survivor of the sons of Wil- liam Penn, was the best known to the colonists of the three brothers, for he spent nine years — from 1732 to 1741 — an interested participant in provincial affairs. He was the most literary of the brothers, and was a liberal patron of the Library Company of Philadelphia, to which he contributed not only money but a site for a building, and a considerable landed estate in Bucks County. He remained in control of the province with Ills nephew, John Penn, until his death in 1775.

This will I made when ill of a feavour at Ix>ndon with a Clear under- stunditig of what I did then, but .because of some unworthy Expressions l>elylnK Oods goodness to me as if I knew not what I did, doe now that I am recovered through Gods goodness hereby declare tl>at it is my last I^'IU and Testament at Ruscomb in Berkshire, this 27th of the 8d Month, called May. 1712.

[Signed] WM. PENN 'Witnesses p'sent

[Signed] ELIZ PENN MARY CHANDLER

THO: PYLE JOSIAH DEE

THO: PENN MARY DEE

ELIZ: ANDERSON

Postscript in my own hand

As a further Testimony of my love to my dear Wife I of my own mind icive her out of the rents of America vlzt Pensilvania 300 pounds a year for her naturall life and for her care and charge over my Children in their Education of which she knows my mind as also that I desire they may settle at least in good part in America where I leave them so good an In- terest to be for their Inheritance from Oeneracon to Generacon which the Lord p' serve and prosper. Amen.

JO Papers of the Governors.

IS t ructions Given to the Lieutenant Govcrnour of the Province by William Peun, 2(J, upon Claiming the Proprietorship after the Death of WilHain Pcnn.

NSTliUCTlONfci TO WILLIAM KEITH, ESQR, Lient, (lenerail, <iovt*Miur aud ('oinniimder inCIiii^f of tliL* rnviui't* of ri*nsila., anfl <;m)nrit-» iiT Xi^w iiBtle, Ktmt and Sussex, npoa Udawan\

Yoa are iipoo Reeei^ing these Instnictioas Immt^ ately to Call togethnr the Council, and with thtin in le niuiit Publick uninoir make known m^y arem on to the Oovt^rninLmt of the ftd. Province and Couti^ esf* and assure the Countrj of my (treat HtTet!tion to leni and hearty Oood wishes for their wt*lfare, and iat I Hhall always Look upon their Icterest as my \\u aiai 1 lielievi" an this Ooraij^ion itl will 1m' jiyier Kt'rul iln^ Lati.^ Kia;^^ (.'harli^t^ tin* s^^-^c'cnids li*;Jt*'r ilvNtH te my hi I** 11 ;i I lie)' iital ye piirii^tor. and his v\rs, puMiuUly to th*- IVople; However, thiH 1 I^ave

I

I

William Penn, 2d. 651

Observe the Law for Liberty of Conscienee wch I lake to be a Fundamentall One in Pensila., and was on** (ireat Encouragement for the Quakers to Trans- port themselves thither, and to make itt what itt now i». For wch they merit the ffavour of my Family, as well as on many other ;ftccounts, and shall always have itt when in my power; And this I desire you will Lett the People Know.

But as I Profess myself to be a member of the Church of England:

Therefore I recommend it to you to be Careful of her interest, and that you Encourage and Potect the Clergy, and Employ where you can Deserving memrs. of that Comunion, ffor I think they ought to have att Li^ast an Equal! share in the administration of Pub- lie Offices with their Neighbours of other i>er8was- ions.

Discountenance all nntitrinitarians and Libertines.

I'rotect In their Possessions such hI rangers as are settletl amongst us. For the public Ffaith is concerned in itt.

I-.ett the Law b(» your guide in all Cases; ptect the officers of the Customs in the Discharge of their Duty, and use ye advice of ye Councill In all Cases of Im- portance.

(liven under my hand and Seal, the ffourteenth l>ay of Janry., Annoq Dom., 1718.

WM. PENN.

Papers of the Governors*

heecli of ThuiT^as Penn to the Chiefs of the Tsanan- dowas, tlie Cayooges, the Otieidas, and Other In* dians.

Y FRIENDR & BRETHREN:

It is a great PleaRUre to me that after no few

(h\y^, not nuire (luin Six after my Arrival at Phil-

&<^lplna» from .a \ oyage of Bonie thousands of Mila*

vrv thp pTTT'at Sea. 1 had the good Fortune to meet

|v Hn^thien, the Cliiefs^ of the Five Nations, here. 1

ped not inform yon that when my Father, William

\mu. was st^nt by the Great King of England to

Mng over large Kuinbera of his I^^eople to Settle in

[is Ton n try. h** madi- it his first and principal Care

niiivinri' ^ill Mtp IndiMTis rnhiiiiitlnj^ ]\. Hi;it hi^ riinir

|Mh i\ full (>*'sitiii [ii Im' (iMMr t^rifud iiinl H*Mj<-f;i('ini\

' w:is iiiil njily just li» tlM'TH. ill hiiyJH*! ;iml jsnyhi;: ft*v

intfth nf Tlnir 1jiih1< ^ik ]\i' thru wjinfrd, l>iH \\\ ;i]]

lii^ (I'riih^d llii'iii wiiti Trndi^rni^ss ;iii<] AllVi linn

Thomas Penn. 653

Constantly had Accounts in writing of all that was done here, as if I had been myself in the Place, and by reading these over again I now know them better than if I had been present, and were to be informed by Memory only, so that I can fully speak to them.

Now by these Writings I truly find that my Father's Governors here, have treated the Indians as my Father had Commanded them. I find that our People here constantly lived in a true and perfect Peace, as affec- tionate Brothers with the Indians. I find that when about ten years since, two of our Traders in a Scuffle with one of your Peo])le, who was angry and took up his Gun, gave him a 151ow of which he died, tho' this was done far back in the Woods, the Governor sent out People to take the two Traders, & they were brought to Philadelphia, putt in l^rison and in Irons to be tri(Hl for their Lives, till your Chic^fs at Albany that year desired earnestly that they might be sett at Liberty & be forgiven. But some years after, when too foolish People luul shott two of our Delaware Women Indians & a P»oy, the Men that did it were tried & hang'd for it, in the same manner as if they liad killed their own Sisters, of tlie same Mother. These things I suppose you have been fully informed of, and are sensible of onr Rejoycing in your Good and our Symi)alhizing with you in your Losses, of which some Proofs have been given you.

And now, since I jini here* with you my Self, I do assure yon that the Fric^ndship & strict Union which my P'ather b(»g«nn willi all our Friends, the Indians, and his Governoi's after him have cnltivaled, I shall take Care to iu«prove nnd strengthen. My Father made* a Chain nnd Convc^nants for himself and his Children, and T his Son, will to the best of my Power make that Chain yet stronger and brighter on our Parts; thnt it mny continue so to all Generations. As a Proof of this, we would now ent(M- into a close Dis-

f Papers of the Governors,

ii'»t* witli you on Affairs tliaj nearly roiioern ynur n Peace and Safi^ty, for as true Brothers that are one Bodv, & )iHve the same Interest, we lay to otir •tB whatever may nITect aiid touch yuu. But \hh lures Pintnneftst nnd Fieedom; we should open our urts, eoneeal iiaUiiiifr. but confer to^L'thi^r an if wu I but one Mind to inform and direet u« in all lUiu|pii. s thuj^ with n£* in relation to you, and we donht not it i^* the same on your Part^ in relation to us; there- e if you please we would desire in the fLret pimt' know of you liow it Is with you. How yon stanil h your Neighbour}*, the Fi'ench, who formerly wert ir cmel Enenuea but are now at Peace with you, w they behave to you ; A» alKO, how all tlie other Moni4 of Iiulitnif^ U\ i^\v NuifinMnd cti \V*'srvs:Hd yon, an* atrcelt^i trnvanls you? Ami when you t^ rtowiiii'irtj bv vfousi^jveft llie^e l^roj positions, we ] lUft^t u^aiu (o inonvnv and enter furllier into tlu^i*i* I Ill's, iUid tiikt* ^'oiirisi^l tij^etUer with open liearts

Thomas Penn. 653

that both jou and we will be obliged to consider that the Indians settled there have their Corn growing, & it may be very Inconvenient to order their Removal to a place where they will have no Bread, & indeed it would be cruel. As several Traders likewise, have considerable parcel of ^oods lodged at Ohio, if will be a hardship to oblige them to remove now when the Winter is coming on. Therefore we would propose, that till next Spring, we should delay calling back our Traders, & likewise that the Indians for the afore- mentioned Reasons, be suffered to continue there till that time and no longer. And to confirm these Words, we give one Stroud Matchcoat.

As to what you have said about employing Shekell- amy & Conrad Weyser, on which you gave the first strings of Wampum, We are very glad you agree with us in the Choice of »o good Men to go between us. We believe them to be very honest, «and will with Chearfuln«.^ss employ tliem, and to confirm this we give another Stroud Matchcoat.

Since you think fitt to desire some Token from us to accompany your intended message to the Shaw- anese, We now give yon a large Belt of Wampum to be delivered to them, together with the Words that have been spoken, that concern that Nation.

21)th Augst., 1732.

Speech of Thomas Penn to the Representatives of the Six Nations Indians.

BRETHREN: Our Intention in desiring this Visit from the Six Nations, was to advise with you on such mat- ters as will contribute to your own Welfare and Se- curity, as well as to the Public Peace of this and of

42— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

> Papers of the Governors,

these ^^ortlieni Colonies in general* We heartily [link you for accepting of our Invitation, in so kiodly siting lis, taking this long Journey to see us* & lJ^ »o free and ojien on the Several heads we have ke to. And now to close the whole Treaty, we lall recapitulate in Public, the Articles on which we Ive agreed,

lln answer to our Proposition, that you should brinj; ler as many Nationw of Indians as you can into your Iterest, and make tirm Leagues \nth them, you have lid us that you have already made such Leagues fth the Nations of the OtawesCj the Twetehtwese, Itamootes, Onachkaryagoe & Sessagychese, who have [ret of ore dept^ndtni wholly on the French, We are Itrljly |»lr:is<'tl with wljiit ymi Vi;ive done luToin. it we ^vise \4iii by iill inr:ms i^ liy a\\ njjiMUlnnirii's. fur Ml hri^lift II nntj sMcei^mIivti iliest- \':ilii;dtl(* i Mmiji!^. |i(l iiul niily Willi l[h-si/ N;itliiiis. hut \\\\h ;iM ulju-E' Mi<nis i\\ii{ vnn r;!Tl | mssj lily l^ll lU U vrr Inynij, wlli'Sh

Thomas Penn. ». 657

at the same time enter into Friendsliip with all the Subjects of the Great King of England that are on this Bide of the* great Water, & that thereby th^ bec<nne as one People.

Onr Advice farther is, that yon wonld avoid all needless Wars with other distant IndihnSy by whom yon may loose your own People, & perhaps gain bat littie.

That yoa should commit nothing that may jastly provoke the French, yet that you strictly maintain your own Bights; that you keep your own People as much as possible united amongst yourselves, all of one Heart and one Mind, without Division, that you may all draw together as in one Chain. That you should use your utmost Endeavours to bring home all such of your People as live among the French; that so you may all be joyned & bound together as one very great Man, with one Heart and one Head, for so you will be- come much the Stronger.

That as the. Six Nations are in the strictest League with the great King of England, which they generally once every year renew with the Governor of New York, who has it immediately in Command from the King to take Care of them, they should forbid all their Warriors, who are oft(?n too unruly, to come amongst or near the English Settlements, & especially that they never on any Account rob, hurt or molest, any English Subjects whatsoever, either to the Southward or elsewhere.

That particularly, they bring not away nor harbour any Negroes: for those Negroes are the Support & livelihood of their Masters, and gett them their Bread. That if any Negroes should run away from their Mas- ters, and the Warriors or Hunters should find any of them in the Woods, they should take them up, and delivering them to the Sheriff of some County in the

Papers of the Governors.

ire^t F'a^lish (Uivi^rmiictit, wlien their MnsttM'** i**)mf ' tlieiii they .shall bf* paid whnttnor vnn hi* i-ecelved im Iht-ir Masicr^, for the IiHliaifi* Hei'virt* and juble. Aud that tho^ Warni^ur^s hnve il iti Charge fl t to diishirb or Inirl any of our Pcojth* ii» th**y ham^ ^ ^ (iftt'ii dimtn by Killing their Cattle, by whicli means lie l>oor People hav^: b(^*n almost ruitted* fl

Vnd in ronilpsnin, an we hare hereHofoii* hail sft^ 1 Treaties! uf Friendi^hip with the Hix NaiionH» & you VI* always found ns steady & ran»;tant to yun in uJl A

luive profesKsed, & \u* have now upoti the Arnviil the i^ou of their ;xr^*at Friend, William Penn, who *t bt'gaii the Bettlenient of this Province, a fuller port unity than Ever, of freely openinj^ our Llt'itrtii H eaiU olher. [Us Sim, whn lijis just on hi^ Artivnl

haplHlv lael vua lirrr, witli tlir Limteuinil Uuv- )(ir arnl r<i(iniMl, [or ^iM the People iit tliis Pir>vinre. I onl\ li hrw iV riiulirni ;il1 Innner Trt^nlii^s, hul eii- ^ inhi IIkmiiusI istitrl iV (hiKe^i Ken^iie uf Fr iead^stiip,

Thomas Penn. 659

they had done it to an English Subject, in which you have known some Instances of our Care, and if any of your People hurt any of ours, we shall expect the like Justice.

5th. We will constantly keep a Fire for you here at Philadelphia, that when any of the Chiefs of your Na- tions come hither, wu may sitt down together round it, and advise and consult of such Affairs as may be for the general Interest of both you and us.

6th. And we now desire, there may be an open Road between Philadelphia and the Towns of the Six Na- tions, which we will on our parts, clear from every Grub, Stump & Log, that it may be straight, smooth & free for us and you. We shall receive all your Peo- ple and your Allies who come by that Road, as our Friends & Brethren. And as you desire us, Conrad Weyser and Sliekellnniy shall travel that Road be- tween u» i>nd you, who will speak our Minds & your Minds to each other truly & freely.

7th. This League and Cliain of Friendship & Broth- erhood, we now make witli all the Six Nations, viz.: the Tsanandowans, Onandagoes, Ganjingoes, Cayoo- goes, Oneidas & Tuscaroit3S, for us and all our People, and for our Children and Children's Children, with you for all your Nations, and for your Children & Children's Children to all Generations, to continue so long as the Heavens, Sun, Moon, Star» & the Earth shall Endure. And we desire that the same may at your return be ratified ^: confirmed at your great Fire by all your People, and be kept in peri)etual R(»mem- brance, and that all our Indians & all the Nations of Indians in Alliance with you, may be comprehended within the same.

And for the Confirmation hereof, we now make you this Present.

aist Augst., 1732.

Papers of the Governors.

ech of Thomas Penn to the Indian Chiefs, Heta- quantagechty and Shckellamy.

RETLiltEN:

We lire well pleased to see you, our good friemls. Ht*taquaiitai{^fchty and Shekellamy; you iirt* verj come to ii«. We iiave considered what you hav€ I, and it is to our good liking. Four of th** Uaiia- e ludUins came lately here to Hatiafy us of tlifir In enee of that wioked Charge which woiiie ill iiiindetl sous had loaded them with, and they related the de matter agreealik to what you have now deUn-r so thut we have no Reason now to oDterluia any til (ights of them. We believe they havu be(*a up^l, and are very ?3iorry that then* should he any 8on so ill inclined ;is lo raise a Keport that tuiglit ite tlu* tejiwt Mii^ijTidt'rstandin*r between the IndiuUH us. You htm* iUuu\ however, as tnie f rim (Ik ami tlin-n ^Hi^^ht 1u do: vou have emiuired into ih*- mat

Thomas Penn. 66i

Treaty we made it one article: That they shoald give the strictest Directions to their Warriours, who are often too anraly, not to come amongst or near to the English Settlements, and especially that they should never, on any account, rob, hart or moledt any Eng- lish Subjects whatsoever, either to the Southward or else where. We are now sorry to tell them that some of their Warriours passing near to some English Set- tlements at Pextangy about the beginning of this Month, have behaved themselves very disorderly; they killed several Hogs, catt down Corn, and threatened to do farther Mischief.

We hope at their Great Council, they will take ef- fectual Care to prevent for the future, the like Abuses; for we must be just and true in all things, to each other, as becomes true friends and Brethren, who have one and the same Interest.

17th August, 1733.

Remarks of Thomas Penn to the Council Concerning the Royal Approbation of the Commission Issued to the Lieutenant Governor.

THE PROPRIETARY WAS PLEASED TO IN- form the J^oard, that by a Ship arrived here a few days since from London, he had the Satisfac- tion to receive what he hoped would eflFectually re- move all those Doubts which had been raised, touching the Validity of the Lieutenant Governor's Powers.

That his Brother «& he in whom the Government, as well as the Property of the Province, is now vested, had on their humble Application to His Majesty, ob- tained His Royal Approbation of a new Commission, which they had thought proper to issue to the pres-

Papers of the Governors,

I

Lu^nicnant (iov(*inor% whose pnt^t Hf*lmvlo«r Imil well n*i'omnipn<li^d hiiu to tlu^iii, thni tlifuy Uail liljv" jayiH'd iu (outuiuiug liim in tlie Uoviarniiient liis I'lovlun* ik <\uiu{\vi§. That tiie s^ii*! UtJvat A li- bation, togi'ihvv witli ail IiiHtrui*tii>ii under Hisi ie^ty's* JEoyzil Hijjfa Mamialj directt'd to th<* <k>v- >r of V'irgiiiia, for Vdiniiiistt^niiiJ lo Hit' ^aii) Lli5t]* ujt Oovenior, the usual Oaths, and for Inking ih^ ii?5lomi-d Het'urity for the due Observant-** uf the 1^ of Trade and Navii^atioi], having been 4nin9* h^d to him, he now laid the sanje before Ha* IStitird, irh being read, are an follows:

t the ( -oiirt of Ha III pi on Court, the '2il day of Ao- t, 1733.

PHEBENT:

jirus Si^ :: ;illi Cojii, ::

Tme KiNtfs ^u^HT Excki.lent Ma.iksty.

DOCUMENT ISSUED Bl

Reduced Fac I

of J(

iS AND RICHARD PENN. the Autographs I Penn.

Thomas Penn. Ch^j

Peun, Mother. of the Petitioners, and Executrix of the said William Penn, likewise since deceased, did joyn in Nominating Patrick Gordon, Esqr. to be Deputy or Lieutenant Governor of the said Province and Coun- ties, who was Approved as such by His late Majesty's Order in C^ouncil, dated March 11th, 1725, under a Pro- viso that the said Mr. Gordon should Qualify himself according to Law, and give such Security as therein mentioned, and that the said Springett and Hannali Penn should make such Declarations as therein also Mentioned. That the Petitioners, since the Decease of the said Springett and Hannah Penn, having thought proper to continue Mr. Gordon their Deputy in the said Government, they most humbly pray His Majesty's most gracious Allowance arid Approbation of him, to be Deputy or lieutenant Governor of the said Piovince, h(» having already taken the Oath of Ollice and given the usual Security on the former Oc- casion. Hy which Report it appears, that the said Lords of the Commirtee have no Objection to His Majesty's Declaring His Royal Approbation of this new Ai)pointment of th(^ said Patrick Gordon, to the OHicc of Deputy or Lieutenant Governor of the said Province and Gounti'/s. by the Petitioners John, Thomas and Richard Penn, they having delivered to the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plantations, a Declaration made by them, under their hands and seals, in the usual Form, for saving the rights claimed by the Crown, to be three Lower Counti(»s of New- cjisth* Kent and Susst»x, on Delaware River, provided the said Mr. Gordon do again take the T^sual Oath of 01!ice, and give proper Security for his Observance of th(^ S<*veral Laws of Trade and Navigation, before his Maj<^sty's Lieut. GovcMuor of Virginia, or Commander- in-Chief of that Province, for the time being. HIS MAJESTY this day taking the said Report into His Royal Consideration, was ])leased with the Advice of

4 Papers of the Governors,

is Tvivy Council, to approve* of tlie said Patrick (tor- m to be Deputj Governor of the said Province of jtmsjlvania. witliout Limitation of timc^ and of tk- id tliree Couoties of KewcfiBUe^ Kent aiid ftasapx, iring His Maji^ty'H Royal Will and Pknipure only; poyided that the said Patrick Gordon do Qualify him *lf for tliat trust, in such manner as* the Law refinln*.^, id give ftttfflcient Security in the penalty of two loiisand pounds, before His Majesty's Lient«>nant overnor of Virginia, or Commander in Gliief of that rovince for the tioit* being, for Lis, the mid Patrick ordon's, oliseiving tiie several Acts of Trade and avigatioiit and Obivving such Instrnctioos relating lereto, as shall be from time to time sent to him, by ^ IS M-TJesfy, or any acting under Tli^ Royn! Authority.

W.SriARPE/

I

ADDITIONAL IXSTIU CTIOK, for onr Right ":::::::::::::::: Trnetv and Right Wei beloved Cousin,

Thomas Penn. 665

he said Province, without Limitation of time, and f the three Lower Counties of Newcastle, Kent and Sussex, upon Delaware, During his Royg,l Will and Measure only: And Whereas, by the humble Repre- entation to Us of John Penn, Thomas Penn and tichard Penn, Esquires, the only Surviving Sons of the ate William Penn, they set forth, that the said Sprin- :et & Hannah Penn being both Dead, they, the said fohn Penn, Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, have ontinued the said Major Patrick Gordon in the said jovernment, and have most humbly prayed Our jracious Allowance and Approbation of him, to be >eputy or Lieutenant Governor of the said Province ind Counties, We have been graciously pleased to tondescend to their request, and have declared Our loyal Approbation of the said Patrick Gordon, to be )eputy Governor of the said Province of Pennsyl- vania, without Limitation of time, and of the Siiid liree Counties of Newcastle, Kent & Sussex, during »ur Koyal Will and Pleasure only, u[K)n tlie said John, rhoinas and Kicliard l*enn^s having made a Deelar- ition under their Hands and Seals, in the usual Form or i^^aving the Rights claimed by Us to the said three bounties; l*rovided rlie said Major (iordon do qualify lim^elf for that Trust, in such manner as the Law •eijuirt^, and give go(i»l and sufficient ScKiurity, before vou or the Commander in Chief of Our Colony and Dominion of Virginia, for the time being, to whom iie is to apply liimsj^lf for that purpose, for the ob- serving the Acts of Tiade and Navigation, and for liis Obeying such Instructions relating thereto, a^^ shall be from time to time sent him from Us, or any Vcting uiuh^r our Koyal Authority. Our WILL AND l»LEASUKE therefore is, and We do hereby Autlior- ze and Command you to administer the Oaths re- ipiiitMl by T^aw ic b(^ taken, by the said Patrick Gor-

Papers of the Governors,

In, ii]Htu tins (hTtisiau; and tlit- iiHtnil Oatli of Office,

]n(l that >oii (li! tivkt* in Our name, siiflicient 8eeurity

I he Penalty iif two Thousand I'uunds Sterling;, for

Ik tlie said PiHrii-k Oordoii*H obHervinj^ the several

|ets of Trade and X:i\igation, and oheyinj; mieh In-

rn ft ions relating thereto, a» shall he from time to

|rur H(*nt hiin Irv Ts, iir any acting under Our Royal

uUMinty. Whieli Seenritys you are foi-thwith to

IraiiiJtniit to Oar rauiuiiaBiouers for Trade and Plan*

litinns, in Urdei- to he laid before Us in Our Privy

junelL

G. E. llothOctohr., 1733.

>L'ei;h n\ ^rhniiin^ ]\*]\n 1m (\.'rlaiii C"M]ie-lML:no. Tiii^ u.niesi.\ ;i!iil Slia\\ ;iiie>(; hidi/in^.

Thomas Penn. 667

and Conduct towards them; he made firm Leagues of friendship with all the Indians, and he not only ob- served them strictly himself, but he gave it in charge to us his children to do the same. And as we are the ^aine with our Father, so we are very well pleased to find by this visit, and what you have said, that you are the very sanni you were when he was here, and that you not only remember the Substance of what then past; but also have kept one of the Instruments or' Writings that he gave your Fathers under his hand.

Now as you jire come with that very good Design to renew & strengthen those former Treaties, I doubt not but you will believe with me that the most proper Method for this is to read over to you here, since you cannot read yourselves, the principal of those Writ- ings that passed between our Father and you or your Fathers, when ours was last here, which are in these Words :

'*We, Widaagh alias* Orytyagh and Andaggy-junk- (luagh, Kiugs or Saclu^mas of the Sasijuehannah In- dians, and of the Kiver under that Name, and Lands lying on both sides thiM*eof, doe declare That for and in Consideration of a })arcel of English Goods unto us given by our Friend & I^rother William Penn, Pro- prietary imd Ciovernor of Pennsylvania, and also in Consideration of the foiiner much greater Costs and Charges of the said WilHam Penn hath been at in ti-eating about nnd puiu liasing the same, We doe here- by Cive, Crrant and Confirm unto the siiid William Penn all the said Kiver Sascpiehanuah & all the Is- lands therein, and all the Lands situate, lying and be- ing upon both sid(*s of (h(» said River, and ni^xt ad- joyning to the same, extending to the utmost Confines of the Lands which are or formerly were the Right of th(^ Peoi)le or Nation cnlled the Sas(iuehannah In dianJ*, or by what name soever they were called or known. And also all the Lakes, Rivers, Rivulets, Fountains, Streams, Trees, Woods, Underwoods, Mines

Papers of the Governors.

ijal and other MIik'S^ Minimis, Quarrit^s, Llawkingis. jDti0g@^ Fisbiuge^ and Fow lings, and olliH" Koyal ^&j Privileges and Powei-a whatiioever, to tlwm Of M y of them bi'loiiging, or hy them enjoyed a& fully and " iplj in all RespettB as we or siiiy of our Anut*«lor« ve, could, might or ought to have, Imd, held or eo- fed. And also, all the Right, Title, Interest, Pass* ^ion, Claim and Demand, which we or any of uis, or e said Nation, or any in right of th«? t^ame, Mw

hereafter can or may claim to have in th(* pame. ad we do hereby Efttify and Coniirm onto the miA illiani Penn, the Bargain & Bale of the said Lauilit, ide unto ColL Thomas Dongau, now Earl of IJmer- c, ife formerly GoTernor of New Yurkj whose Deed i

Rale to the said Govr, Penn we have f*een. TO ^ Wr: .S; TO HOLD ih<^ said Klvrr, Laadi^ .S: Preai- 'j^ iK'H'hy j:ran1<Hl and runlinued, with tlnMr ^^ (/very

tlieir Kightft, Members & AiJiJiirtenam es. utHo tljr III WiUai, IVan, Ins Heirs and Assigns, lu ili*- nniy

Thomas Penn. 669

day of the second Mouth called April, in the year One thousand seven hundred and one, between WILLIAM PENN, Proprietary and Governor of the Province of Pennsylvania and Territories thereunto belonging, on the one Part, AND CONNOODAGHTOH, King of the Indians inhabiting upon and about the River Basque- hannah in the said Province, And WIDAAGH, (alias Orytya^,) KOQUEASH and ANDAGGY-JUNK- QUAGH, Chiefs of the said Nations of Indians, And WOPATHTHA King, & LENROYTUNGH, & PEN- ROYNJOOAGH, Chiefs of the Nations of the Shaw- onnah Indians, And AHOOKASSOONGH, Brother to the Emperor, for & in Behalf of the Emperor (& Weewhinjough, Cheequittagh Takeyewsan & Woapat- koa, Chiefs,) of the Nations of the Indians inhabiting in & about the Northern part of the River Potomock, in the said Province, for and in Behalf of themselves and Succ-essors, and their several Nations and People, on the other part, as followeth:

"THAT as hitherto there hath always been a Good Understanding & Neighbourhood between the siiid William Penn and his Lieutenant since his first Ar- rival in the said Province, and the several Nations of Indians inhabiting in & about the same, »o there shall be forever hereafter, a firm & lasting Peace con- tinued between the said William Penn, his Heirs and Successo^^3, & all the English & other Christian In- habitants of the said Province, & the said Kings & Chiefs & their Successors, & all the several People of the Nations of Indians afoi'esaidj and that they shall for ever hereafter be as one head & one heart, & live in true Friendship and Amity as one People. ITEM, that the said Kings & Chiefs (each for himself & his People Engaging) shall at no time hurt. Injure or Defraud, or suffer to be hurt, Injured or Defrauded, by any of their Indians, any Inhabitant or Inhabi- tants of the said Province, either in their Person or

ll that ili*.^ wuid William IVnii. hi?^ tk*ii's frs, shuU not sutler to be Done or Com- \i\ of the Subjects of England within the fi\ am A(*t of IIowtlHty or Violence, Wrong or Ji^aiust any of llie said ludians, but fth >*ideFi at all tioiee readily do Justice & ArU v^ onSi-es of Friend«hi|* & Good Will j:arh other to u lasting Peace as aforesaid* It al! iS: every the said Kings & Cliiefs. & all fiarticular of the Nations nnder tlieni, shall 's behave tht^inselves Keguhirly aud l?*«>berly» 10 the Law)S of this Ooverument, while they or amongst the Christian Inhabitants there- tluit ihe said Indians shall have the full & ilrgi^s iS: iTJiniunhies of nil the said T^iws as l('r Inliahitant:^, they duly Owning & Aeknnwl- fii- Anthoiity of the Crown of England and ilnv- if thiB Provini-e. ITEM, that none of the idians shall at any time be Aiding, Assisting ''Hiiug to any other Nation, whether of Indians Jhi^. MiaT shall noi at sot h Hnie be in Amity with \h\ ^'\tt\\]\ uf lliL'laiol t^L nf ihis Oov4'rnment. M, I h-U if ;n in ly finn :ni\ siT Mn' hHlinUis. by ni''*His (ul iniudf'd rilsniis\ Snwris al S<(|ilioii sltiMilsl

lusl . ;i II V nt I U*'

^

Thomas Penn. 671

River, but such as are there already seated, nor bring any other Indians into any part of this Province, with- out special Approbation & Permission of the said William Penn, his heirs & successors.

"ITEM, That for the prevention of Abuses that are too frequently put upon the said Indians in trade; that the said William Penn, his heirs & Successors, shall not suffer or permit any Person to trade or com- merce with any of the said Indians, but such as shall be first allowed or approved of by an Instrument under the hand & seal of him, the said William Penn, or his heirs or Successors or their Lieutenants, and the said Indiiins shall sulTer no I*erson whatsoever to buy or sell or have commerce with any of them the said In- dians, but such as shall first be approved as aforesaid.

'*1TEM, that the said Indians shall not Sell or Dis- pose of any of their Skins, Peltry or Furs, or any other Effects of their hunting, to any Person or Persons whatsoever out of the said IM-ovince, nor to any other Person but such as shall be authorizinl to trade with them as aforesaid, and that for their Encouraj^ement the said William Penn, his heirs & Successors, shall take care to liave them the said Indians, duly fur- nished with all sorts of necessary goods for their use, at Reasonable Rates.

**ITEM, that the Potomock Indians aforesaid, with their ('oh)ny, shall hav(» free leave of th(» said William IN^nii, to s<»ttle upon any j)art of Potomock River with- in the Hounds of this IM'ovince, they strictly observing cV: jn'actising all ♦S: singular the Articles aforesaid, to them reflating.

"ITEM, the Indians of Concstogoe and upon and about th(* River Susfpichannah, and more (^specially the said Connoodaghtah their King, doth fully agree to, and by these prt^scMits absolut(*ly Ratifie tlu* Bar gain & Sale of Lands lying near and about the said Rivei- formerly madc^ to the said William P(»nn, his

43— Vol. IT— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

& BiicceBBurg^ antl Hiiice by Orytyaj^b & ADiiagKj* ^uagli, paities to these presents eontirmed tu tliei William Pt-nn, h\^ lieirs i& BuceoKwors^ by a Dfed ing date the thirteenth day of September last, r their bands & Seals* duly Executed; and tht* Connoodaghiah doth for bimBtdf and hi« NatloUfJ nant and agree ibat be will at all time*i be ready ^ ler to conflnii aud make good the mid eale accord o the Tenon r of ihe same, and that the said hr i of i^usquehaouah shall answer to the said Wlllm> I, his heirs ^S: Smeessors, for the good Behaviour Conduct of the »aid Potomock Indians, and for

pei^fornianee of the several Artieletj horHii ex- ted.

L^EM^ the said William Penn doth hereby protnisi* linisrir. liis ItriiH 4^ Siirci^ssfMS, lli:U lie iirid \]\t} at all times ^huw tlienisi'lv^*?* Irue Frirutls uiul hers, to all iS^ cvrry of the said ludhuia, l>y assis^t- heni with \hv besi t*f their Advices^, IHreetioTis ik

it*]]^. mtnI Will h] lilt tlitnr'i^ Ati^i mil] Ri^ji^^miJilili'

Thomas Penn.

673

sett their hands and seals the Day and Year above written: Connoodaghtah, [L. 8.] Andaggy-jnnkqnagh

[KS.] [L. S.] [K8.]

Penroyajooagh,

Gheeqnittagh,

Widaagh

als. Orytyagh,

[L. 8.]

Wopaththa, [L. 8.] Ahookassoongh,

[L.8.] Takyewsan, [L. 8.] Koqneeash, [L. 8.] Lemoytnng, [L. 8.] Weewhinjonghy [L.8.] Woapatkoa. [L. 8.]

"8ignedy Sealed and Delivered in the presence af

Edoward Shippen, Nathan Stanbury, Alexander Paxton, Caleb Pusey, James Streater, J. Le Tort, Jut Hans Stellman, James Logan, James Logan,

John Sanders,

hi0 Penroqnenlchchan, X ' mark his Passaquessay, X mark

his

Indian Harry, alias Showydooungh, Interpreter, X

mark

You see by these Deeds & Articles, that all the Indian Chiefs of that time fully acknowledged that the River Sasquehannah and all the Lands on both sides of it, were our Father's. And you also see that the great Treaty of Friendship then made, was not for three Generations only but forever, that is as long as the Sun & Moon shall endure, or Water to flow in the Rivers, which is the Language that has always been used on these Occasions. And as you now see this, and have one of the Writings in your own hands, you should always in s^ome Number of years, get some honest English Man to read that Paper to you, that the Contents of it may be kept in Remembrance.

These Articles you see were made principally with the Sasquehannah Indians, who then mostly lived

Papers of the Governors,

iilsfi, under uur Fi\1]wv'n VmtiH \Um. aud I'tun'd

ihv s:uiu* Lca^Mitj. Jt wiri^ to bp wished that

whulr Xaiion \v( re* made ^^n^ible of this^ ;iuii

I' of tliiit Xi^tion who were now here are desired (■un.'fiillv to ac*i|UJiint the rest with wliut tliey se(*ii iJt heard here.

Id now on thes(* h^*?ids there remains no more, that

(hould here most solemnly Katify & Confirm all Arrit les so far ik^ they rehite to Friendship atid

|ti, Ic» Iri* observed irot only by ns but our I'osterity

1 iliMieraiioiis.

r «^f IJiMiiia^ I'cnti In iho C/niincil \nnniincini:

It a W'ssel ni" iIh' Uu\;il X;n\' writilii hr stiitiniR-l

Thomas Penn. 675

You may be assur'd I will watch thi» Business with jj^reat attention & not suffer tUeir Lordships to for- get it, as 1 think it nec^ossary for Your Security. This I wTite at random, but was willing to give You the earliest Notice, as it may make the People more easy.

I am, Gentn. Your very affectionate Friend,

THO. PENN.

The Presidt. & Council of Pennsylvania.

Letters from Thomas Penn Announcing the Detail of the Man-of-War, Otter, to Duty in Delaware s» Bay.

GENTLEMEN: I wrote to Von on the 29th of October, & sent by two Conveyances to inform Yon that the Lords of the Admiralty had promised me a Ship to Ix? sta- tioned in Delaware Bay, and that j*he won'd be order'd to Sail so as to get on the Coasts of North America as soon as it would be safe for her. 1 now take this opportunity by a Shij) bound to New York, who does not stay for Convoy, to acfpuiint You that their Lord- ships have appointed the Otter Sloop, C'apt. Ballet Commander, for this Service; but as a very large Fleet is in a very slioii time to Sail for the several ports of North AnuMica, they have* ordeied the Otter to stay till they an* ready to strengthen their Convoy, i^' th(\v are (»xpect(Hl to Sail in about fourteen Days. I make no doubt bnt on their arrival You will make the Place as agnnible as You can to the* Ca])tain, & give him any as>;istaii( c* he can r<'asonably desii'e for Ills Majesty's Servire. I mnst say the ])rocuring this Security to You is a gicat Satisfaction to nu*, and tho' it has been vei-y ditlicult & required much appli-

Papers of the Governors,

km to gi'i I his HU>uik as lliert* lie v it wan a HUip litiifd in the Hay l>t foiv, I hope wt'^ may l>e smre fur future tr* &*ure{H'(l in iiiiy upplieiaton, an there i» i' a preeedeiit ei»tabti^h*di

ihiijk it iieeeHT^ari, also, to Inform You that wt'

loiated .^Ir, Jauien llaiujtou tloveraur of IVtUiByi

ia, who will be ready to euibai k the hitter eitd of

BumuLeis 1^0 im lo nwH the Aswemhly, if jHis*»rliIe^

Jctobpr. I hint* ie*llnu^ to add but that I am.

Gentlemen,

Voiir very uli'eetioaate FHernl^

TIIOMAH FKNN. _ .otidon, Mairh 121 b, lT4i>. • President tS: (Ymneil of PenusylvaniJU

KNTLE51EN:

Thomas Penn. 677

France, iind is dated the 27th of November. I ob- serve with great Concern the apprehensions you were under that the French wou'd send a very considerable force in the Spring, & perhaps attack the City of Philadelphia. If your Informations are to be depended on. You may have great reason for such fears, and Bhould do every thing in Your power for your defence, &• endeavour to raise in the People such a sense of Danger as may induce them chearfuUy to obey sucn Orders as it may be proi)er for You to give, both as to preparing by using themselves to discipline, & meeting for Your mutual defence when Danger is near. The Association you sent me is lost; but I have seen one printed in one of your News Papers which I apprehend is the same you mention; and tho' on the one hand We ^hall on all occasions desire to join in every fit proposal that may contribute to Your Safety, and on the other with great caution object to any proposal that is not liable' to great objections. We have great doubts whether this is not liable to such objections as renders it unsafe for the Persons who have joined in it, and which are not warranted by Necessity. However, We have desired the Attorney & Solicitor Oenerars thoughts upon it, which will be sent you by Mr. Paris, & on which we desire you will for the present proceed. I fear they will not be got before I am obliged to go into the Country, or 1 would write to You with them. I apprehend at pres- (»nt You cannot be warranted to give Commissions to any Officers who are to receive their Orders from others than yourselves or those you appoint, as this is* giving the power of the Militia, or calling the Peo[)le tog^^ther for their defence, from the King'lo themselves, & which J fear will be (»st(»emed greatly rrirninal. If the People had desir'd to unite for their defence they should have applyed to You, their legal Oovernoi's, for License so to do, when you would have

Papers of t!ie Governors,

mil tlii^iu into litKiys proper for Hi^rvict?, Sc issued

111 iJnlfis as wcKihl be from time to tioie thought lessai'v; hut for* tlii'rii tu ehuwe ii Couueil lo iimke |iliM;v J.HWS:* vS: inder the Mtirehing of An»ed Men, ]"i*iuniily \v\y cuiilniry to what ii^ pnietised here,

roinuHve to i*jiw; for in the la«t Rebel lion I'eoph^

fu> J a ore iliaii eu^^iiiii* to join together under such I SI I II w tile Kiuy: iS: L-nva had, or the King should ai>-

it to (MOtiiaaud Ih^ai,

^'hellever any Law hJuiU be Juade in Penngylvaum Li^tabliahiiij; a Militia & ereeting a Fort or Batter^", JHlinll be very i-eady to show our (/oueerii for thf

.^ty of the Cit^' by giving Cannon for such a Bat- But unless a Law was to be pasi^'d for the mip- It of a Hal in y .^ nt Mvn to :iftni(l it. 1 ti^iir it \\\\\ h^ \U'r]ii[ as siHiii ifcs iisatl' ; tV am <ij upiainri (ha! Tin- U |irii|H'i iiH'tlrnd MO] tiHilil \\A\i' \aIh'1\ WHijId hnvi^ u Uu<' as iM !■;:)' a Shi[> ;is ;io> irt Miar Ki^^ i. kV

10 d lici as i\ i\u,\ul Ship hi bin i' htni in sniij<

Thomas Penn. 679

Brother is now in the Country or we should have pvrote jointly.

I am, (lentlemen. Your very affectionate Friend,

THO. PENN.

London, March 80th, 1749.

I observe the Assembly broke up without giving any issistance, which is what You must have expected.

Letter from Thomas Penn with Reference to the Un- sanitary Condition of the Philadelphia Dock.

London, March 30th, 1748.

MR. PETERS: AVe are much roncern-d at the account you give of tlie sickly state of the City, and would with ijreat pleasure lend our assistance to prevent such a 'alamity if anything in our power wou'd do it, but M" cannot tliink the Mud in the Dock can be different 'rom what is left on the side of the River, unless it i» Mcasioned by the Tan Pits; anl if any unwholesome effluvia comes from them they should be removed. iYhat Srheme to foi'ui for the removal of the Mud in he Dock that will be the most ])roiK»r & effectual we •annot by any means advise, and think you that are )n the Spot much better able* to do it. If th(* Corpo- ration or Publick expect a Dock, it should be done \t their Exp(»nce, or i^ls(^ on their giving uj) any Right hey may have to it, {\w Personal to whom it fell will >erhaps clear and build upon it. It is to be con- iider'd that the Dock has been numy Years nearly in he sjime Situation, t^ yet no such fever was know^n ill the Year 1741, wh(Mi it undoubt(»dly came from he \Vest Indies, which is almost a plain proof it does lot arise from the Mud in the Dock. The Wharfs

I Papers of the Governors.

Hit the Dock arc we suppose much more iis*ed than the upi>er part of the Town, and th<*refore any In* tioim Distemper from abroad in mueh more likely s|ii*eail from tlieiiee- I iletilrt.' you will i*umnuiiii- e thl» to the Ooiiucll, & am,

Your very aJTectionate Friend, i

THO. PEK^.

;ter from Thomas Penn Concerning the Approach- ing Peace of Aix-la-Chapclle,

Ahovi^ is ii IhipjifUte of my hmt Lfttrr by the Orter SlrKqt. si nee wliieb time Puliliuk AtTairs {' taken a iliJTei\.*Tit t tiro, & I now eoiigratulate You an upproauliing IVat-e, PrcUnnnai^j's having beeu

Thomas Penn. 68 1

Letter from Thomas Penn to Lieutenant Governor Robert Hunter Morris with regard to the Proposed Liability of the Proprietary Lands to Taxation.

SIR: On Wednesday last 1 received Letters from Mr. Peters with Copys of Mr. Dunbar*8,0nne'B,8waine*B and Bird*B Jjetters to you, giving an account of the Defeat of General Braddock and dreadful carnage of his men, as also a Copy of your Message to the As- sembly, with an offer of I>and, and next day I came into Town to see the Secretary of State & other Min- istei-s, to communicate them to them. Yesterday by post I re<eived your packet with your I-ietters from Shippensburg and your other of the 30th of July, con- taining Copys of examination and other papers nec- essiiry for me to coiift'r again with some Yesterday, a« 1 propow^ to do this morning with Sir Thomas Rob- inson & Ix>rd Halifax, .t as Capt'n Young goes in the afternoon, I shall be put to it to write to you and Mr. Peters.

I must begin with desiring you will accept of my hearty and sincere thiuiks for the great Zeal you have shewn for the j)ublick service and that of the Prov- in<-e in your late Journey to Shipp(»nsburg, as well as for the care of our Interests in the Message you have sent to the House on the IamuI Tax Bill, which we have seen to that of th(» l*Uh August, and think you have managed the Arj^ument in a very masterly & unexceptional nuunu'r to the world in general. I desire you will be assured of the best returns in my power whenever T can Ik* serviceable to you.

You have indeed done us great justice where you tell the Ass<*mbly that we do not shrink from the pay- ment of a small sum of money; very far from that, tho' we would not contribute toward the^ir Indian Expences when they did not sjiend half their income.

i2

Papers o{ the Governors.

4

H iJvlieii a Tax was luid in any tinii^ of difficulty we ave tlieiii reai^dii to ixpect wo woukl n^adiij aanlsi It* publid':, and we ai-e a** wiUJuj? tn t|ive at sudi

tiiEie as thii^ hm we were uDwilliiifj: wlwu tilt* lloiu«e ■ t Willi tniilv dt.naaudt*<l it of u«* I winh joii or Mr. c^Uts had hifiniued iMt* wht*ther iJuriUlivuUH) ImiwI

i'hargedj wlurh I HnppoBe to be tht* cii^t*. and frouj 1115 fht*y would piobalilj^^ Imvr niis44*d Ijalf thf Tai; lid they coiifuiiiit*d lo thi* I^ind Tax Ai*tf* hnrr, the? ould havL^ laid it on LandB at'cupit^d only, to he inM r thr Tenant* and if onv of y^mv ohjt*rtioim in at fids ind their bill wfll bt.* entirely dit4reantt^nan«f»fi bpn», ir when I im^iuien^'il Uiul part to a jxreal man be ut iiee sua Id no Hin*li Tmx coald be laid beri* nr fi» anr (Ik'I- (tiaras as an Laud vsliirh ii^ iioi hn tir (h i u|ii*d sivK lo any Tax; thi^ jiart af WnAv Hill won hi havi* I't^ii ruhjoii^ to \}^. ii\u\ (u br ta.\(Ml Utv tnn n! hi-r Ks it<* b\ lln^lr own Asi^^^^ssuris, jis ymi vviH obfw^rv^' is

4<( Tiio^r It It.' iKtJttjl nHittHt '^H tn I I' tilt' i>i'^'|ji' 1 Liirkf i«i*j|.!il Wit

I

I

Thomas Penn. 683

i^iiit-KenfH, to HUt-h jierson or iK^rsonii a« shall be agreed upon between yourself and the Assembly. This 1 desire you will inform them was resolved on as soon as your Letter eame to my hands, and i» sent as a free gift from us to the publick, and then pa«s such act with an exception as to us, without incerting any thing of this gift as (mr pro{)ortion of such a Tax, and if they grant the rest of the £50,000 for the King's use, 1 desire you will not insist on the appropriation of the remainder, for Ihe times are <'ritical, and every body'si Eyes are on us I have visited Sir Thomas Robinson this morning, who says he has heard sev- eral people express a dislike to your refusal on our part to assist the publick at such a time as this, and approves of my proposal of making a free gift; told me he was »orry to 8(^ such long papers, as he always does, and I believe fc*jirs that these* disputes will cause an enquiry to b(» made by Parliaintmts, which may be dangerous at this (Conjuncture, when all Persons ought to engage against the common Em^iiy, but I desire you will on this occasion let it be made publick that our Tenants must bring in their Kents to enable us to do it, as Mr. l^eter writes me they now make very few api)liiations to the Oflrtce, so that tho' I know well the people are in a very alarming situati(m, vK't as money is received and i)aid by them, our small rents in the scuttled i)art of the country must be paid to enable us to assist the publick as well as for our own support.

I ajiprove of your proj)osal for the granting Land to such as shall assist to remove the French, as it is what was done by the King in Virginia, and is a proi)er encouragement for the Troj^rietors of a Coun- try, but I have not great expectation of success from it, espc^cially as the Ass(*mbly will not i)ass any Act to subject the Men to Military Discipline w^hen they are settled, to make it i)enal for them to desert, or

Papers of the Governors.

provide tlieni with Arms or AmtDimition, 1 think

Ion and Mr, Teterj* did not judge right to com muni-

jite tliiH proposal to Mr, Franklin, as he shoold not

lave luH^u coiisnlted without you could have followed

]is ndvi(^e, and you wee fey thoir Message he has in

L*8eut[Ht*nt made the «ame observation that he did

|j Mr, Peters. These oliBervations are not quite jiM

lith regard to Vliginia, unless there was a proposiid

liade by Mr, DLnwiddie after the proclamation of the

WMh of February, lirti, in which two hundred tlion*

Inid arres are o1fert*d, but no allowance to any ml

Ilia- mentioned, and it was to be in proportion to their

[(Kid behaviour & respective Merit, which put macli

Ihr iiower of tho Ti ran tor, & it was not to be grant-

|d v\illinMl IVrs, i\s I srr \t»ii hav*- iri:idr llii- if\hv,

\i\rh [ ihihk ytiu rniild imi Ik* Miyiyiustd in fli^ ii>

ntlrhl^ \\\\\ niij Ijr is>inrd by Mn^ nniii-rs wirhnin shimi'

Hrjsidirniinii uiiliss niir is ^t;mh'd IKt (}ii- wIm'I' A

Thomas Penn. 685

he says should guai*d the Northern Frontier also. I think you should make the Estimate for a certain number of people for a certain time, ^ith other regu- lations, to render it as difficult as possible to evade the Conditions, under iKi^lties, besides forfeiture of the Lands, and as to the shai>e of it, we leave it to you and them to settle; the people must settle it and not sell.

I am very well pleased to hear you have laid out the Ground for a Wooden Fort at Carlisle and ordered one at Shippensburg, and hope the Inhabitants will keep watch there, as you have formed four Companys of Militia, if Colonel Dunbar does not order some Men into Quarters in those places, which I hoi>e he will do by Mr. Shirley's orders, if he does not before re- solve upon it.

1 am much pleased with the Dilijcence and Care of Mr. Swaine & Hurd, cS: desire vou will thank them for uie for their Services.

The (lowrnor had accounts from Virginia the lat- ter end of August of liraddockV def(»at, and the same letter from Mr. (irnie iis you sent me, with the list of OfUcei's killed and wounded. Arms are shipping and Forty Thousand Pounds more order'd for America; a Man of Warr will sail soon for some part of the Continent with Letters for the Officers and accounts of What assistance will be sent. I have but just time to get my I^»ttev (•oi)iod over, therefore must put an end to it by assuring you that

1 am Your very alTectionate Friend,

THOS. TENN.

London, October 4th, 17.55.

We shall send powers for granting this Land as soon as they can be drawn up by two Conveyances.

Robert Hunter Morris. Esq.

m

Papers of the Governors,

[Speech of John and Thomas Penn to Certain Oneida

Indians.

IIKTIIHKN:

\\i^ i<ik<* vmir visit Idndly, Ibf IH^^i^u uf wMcb* hfJiii whiit you hnvt* waid. We iiudt*rfitniid m only |i» jrivr IIS lliMnk^ fnr iht^ l^onft^ni i^e showinl oij h<*a^ |ii;^^ wlijil lu^fiA] HTiiio nf your Kation. and t^|HMnaliy

wv gocjcl fn<*iid faranduwana, your Thief, \Vt* (:oil* lidm' tho Afknovvl4Hl^a'ii»entB you uiaUi' im tm tlmt lviu\, liH [nstntuvi^ of your Oi'ulitude to thowt* wImi IviMlt yon widi, .K: an* your trui* friends. We had a p'tnit EKtotnn for (\Mando\viiiia» and wiTt* luiu-li rrii^vod to lu^ar of liiH Ui^ath, but aw you and we havi*

rm^i sioiM' ((tv<rt'(l lii- dpn*! lindy. svi^ shiill say oulb

Wlii'ii \\v rii'^l lirHM->i (if \Mur rnmiiit: liiilnT, \v\' l<i^

||L \iil \ii\] \\:\i\ Ih f!i < it.MlZrd \\i\]\ snllH' liirs^^iiit- Hi |]>

inlii i]ir S(\ \a[i<Mi>, \\i([i v^liniif voii kiiHvv^ t1j;iI

John and Thomas Penn. 687

Letter of John and Thomas Penn to the Chiefs of the Six Nations.

OUR VERY GOOD FRIENDS & BRETHREN: We have received by your Mefisengers, Syadi- och & CannughBkaya, t^e Letter wrote by your order by Abraham Wendall, with a string of Wam- pum, acquainting us, that according to our Request some of your People Iiad gone to the Indians settled on Ohio, & endeavoured to perswade them to come & live nearer to you & ue, but they would not hearken; your Messengers further say you had delivered the Belt we sent to the Shawanese, which they had re- ceived, & had sent another for us which we have also ix»ceived; & that they declared tho' they could not return back they would live in Peace. When our good Brother Tyoninhogaroe was with us, we gave him very good reasons why those l^H)ple should return both for their own advantage, & for yours, & oui*s. Wc» are very uiuvh giieved for Ihe Loss of that great Main, our i;ood Fricaul. whom tho»e barbarous People nnirtlunxid. Those that did that wicked Act we hear were t^trangers, that came about four years since from the Westward or Southward to Ohio, but we know nor from whence, nor to what parts they are gone, but w(* s»hall enquire, and if we can learn we shall in- form you \^h(*n we sie yon; for as thrw* Summers ai'e now i)ast since we hojfcd to see some of onr good friends of the (']ii(»fs of the Six Nations here, we shall not now doubt but according to your lictter we shall see some Chiefr^ of each Nation next Spring, & then W(^ may discourse further of all these matters. In the mean time, as we mourn with you for the Los9 of that good Man, We s«»nd yon by these Mc^ssengers, pix Handkerchiefs to wijx* and dry away tears, and as you have endeavouri^l to ]>res(»rv<» IN^acc* cV: Friend- ship amongst all the Nations & PcHiple about you, we

44— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

688 Papers of the Governors.

hope the same will continue both Northward & South- ward. We also send tw^o Strowds to confirm this Letter, which is put both into English & Dutch, that you may the more easily get it read & Int^preted; we have also acquainted your Messengers with the Substance of it, that they may relate it to you. We are your very losing Friends & Brothers,

JOHN PENN, THOMAS PENN. To our very good Friends & Brothers,

the Chiefs of the Six Nations. 12th Septr., 1735.

Letter of Thomas and Richard Penn to the Council Acknowledging its Administration of the Affairs of the Province During the Interval between the I)ci)artnre of Governor Thomas and the Arrival of (lovernor Hamilton.

GKNTLKMKN: As the arrival of Mr. Hamilton, who t^nibarks in tho Ship iliat carrys Ihis Tetter, will put an end to your Adniinisnatioii of (lOvornment, wt* couM not avoid (hularin^ lo the S(*nso wo have of your )iavin<^ oxocut(H] thosc^ Powei^ with jj:roat Zeal and attacluncMit to tli*.* trne Interest of yonr Country: siicli a Conduct dc^sorvc^s and has our hearty acknowled? inents, and you may be assured of our good will on all occasions. A\'e n^'ouiniend our Governor to your advici* i^ assistance, and are,

(icntl(»ni(Mi. Your \eiy atTectionate Friends.

TnO. PENN, RICH^D PKNN. Loudon. AuousI :>>()! li, 174S.

iTOmas^-^nn

'-SiiS?**

v<-

«*/ f «««^/ ^mt^tf ¥, ■

;r«a;

M .^

V

^

DOCUMENT EXECUTED E Reduced Fac Simi

T> RICHARD PBNN— 1769. Proprietary Seal.

Thomas and Richard Penn. 689

Letter from Thomas and Richard Penn Concerning the Claims of the French in the Allegheny Country and Recommending the Establishment of a Settle- ment and Construction of a Blockhouse There.

THE ACCOUNT YOU GIVE OF A PARTY OF French having come to Allegheny and laid claim to that Country and the Tribes of Indians with whom we have lately entered into a Treaty, a good deal alarms me; and T hear that Party is returned to Canada ihreatning to return with a greater Force next year. I have communicated the French Com- mandant's letter and Paper, with an account of the Affair, to the Duke of Bedford and I^rd Halifax, and 1 think something shou'd be done immediately, if it can by consent of the Indians, to take Possession. This I think you shon'd advise with the Council and Assembly about, as it is of great Import to the Trade of tin* Province* to have a Settlement there and an House a little more secure than an Indian Cabbin. 1 make no doubt the Indians would readily consent to such a Settlement; and if there is Stone and Lime in the Neighborhood I think an House with thick walls of Stone with small Bastions might be built at no very great Expence, as it is little matter how rough it is within sidi*; or a wall of that sort perhaps fifty feet square, with a small Log House in the middle of it, might perhaps do better. The command of this might be given to the principal Indian Trader, and he be obliged to keep Four or Six Men at it who might serve him in it; and the House be his Magazine for (roods. If somethin*:: of this sort can be done we shall be willing to be at the expence of four hundred Pounds Currency for the building of it, and of on(» hundred Pounds a Year for keeping some men with a few Arms and some Powder; this, with what the

Papers of t!ie Governors.

anbly Tiiijjjbt he tiidiieml to give, will in some

la Mil re prt^t^L't the Trade, aiui be a mark of l'o#

IsiuiL llowevt*r few the Meu aw they ^liould wetir

nuif(>rui Dress, that tUo' very small it may look

rt like.

Lpiil Tj, 1751. -

Ittcr from Thomas and Richard Penn Concerning ]he Misconckict of /\braham Taylor and Directing lis Dismissal trom the Council and from All Other pfiicial Positions.

IK:

Mr\ Ahrnlunii Taylor, a Mpoiher of onr Connril,

in \\n' niEMilh mT OtTohnr hisi i <'j>rr>*i'nr('d In ijs \i\ hri ilia I "^Aiiinh;: du' Wiiiiri^is l^^hm^iiii;^ h" a ri^lil lirli ]ir hail in Aaa^iira iIum^- nrir suaii' arnirnt Is irhilini: Ih a r^rlaJii nmnMlar^ u^ ii wa> an

Thomas and Richard Penn. 691

the r^ands surveyed; niid instead of old Papers which had Conni'ction with such a Right he read a Mann- script in his own Hand writing containing many sheets of large Paper, and to which was added one or two Maps made by himself; in it no mention was made of this or any other private Right, but it contained a long series of Arguments to prove that the Boun- dary of Pennsylvania to the south should not be more Southward than the Parellel of forty Degrees of Northern Latitude as it is now discovered to lye, and that Virginia and Maryland had an undoubted Right to all to the Southward of such a Boundary; in Snp- I')ort of his Argument he cited Proofs from the Vir- ginia Recordsr and a number of other Papers; and this Composition, which from the Length and Variety of Matter must have taken much time to compose it, was undertaken as he himself said out of pique or resentment to us, because we had ordered our Secre- tary to refuse to grant him about twenty thousand Aci'es of Land he asked for in that Right, which Pre ten<'e was t¥> trilling that we are informed the H(»irs of Fretwell took £50 Currency for it, and which we acquainted him Ralph Fretwell himself, in a Letter to our Father now in our hands, relinquished all claim to at the same lime declaring he had not a foot of Land in th(» Province but Tennicuni, purchased of Christopher Taylor.

Upon this Declaration and finding the Paper had not the least conncH-ticm with the Right, tho' he i)re- tended it had, and Ik* must give it to the Purchaser, we could form no other Judgment of the matter than that by threatning to deliver these arguments to Pur- chas(»r, which ])(n*hai>s he had intended shou'd be TiOrd Baltimore had he arrived in time, he exp(M't(Hl to force us to grant him the Land.

This attempt we looked on to be very Dishonorable, and a man that is in Possession of Places of Honour

Papers of the Governors,

Trust by oui' appoint men tj and an Alderman of L'ity by the thoite of the Corporations, tliat can lly j^it down fur many days togetlier to injure hi!* luntry and the TersonB he accepted his Place from, jparticuliU' tiu^ City of PhiladelphJUj whieb, rould ari^uiueut lake IMacej must be thrown into 1 1 viand and de[y<*iul on that Government for h Powi*rs af a Corporation ns the Oovemor |)]] think ]iroi»er, as well as subject his fel- Citizens to Disputes about Loti* whicli by l^ir own Induslry iliey had rendered of very ^at value, very unlit to execute any oflBce in a IvtTUnient; for these Reasons we do hereby order \\ diret^t that at the tirst Couodl after yon rereive

l.rMi I- \nlJ <:Hlsr il !o 1m- n;|(| ^il iln* rmiml nihi

i( i| iMi (Ik* t iMMici] I'.rntks, iIkH yn\ sli fl.p thr siitl

^Mkani Tavloi mil nf Ihr List nf nin tNininil. ll'H

^11 jM-rsrdi' I'N ny CnnMUisshm ihm\ ^i';nili*(l ht Ihkl

John Penn. 693

to assure all the Indians, and particularly my good friends of the Six Nations, that it shall be my con- stant care to strengthen that firm League and Chain of Friendship which my Father first began, and has since been carefully preserved between the Indians, and all the People within this Government.

Though I was not present when the last Treaty was held with my Brethren of the Six Nations, yet the whole of what then passed was made known to me, and I entii^ly approve of it, being agreeable to my own Sentiments. I am therefore, for myself and on behalf of this Government now to acquaint you:

That it would be very agreeable to us to have some of the wise old Men of the Six Nations at Philadel- phia, according to the Expectations they gave us, but since Business of gn^at Consequence has prevented tliem, we take it kindly that they have sent you, our good friends, to ac(iuaint us with the true R^^ason of it. We shall nevertheless expect to see next year some of your Ancient Men of the Several Nations, that we may have a full Answer to all those matters of which we treated toj^ether.

Though we have not had the Pleasure of seeing our Brethren of the Six Nations, because of the Message from New York, by the Commissioners of Indian Af- fairs, yet we are the h ss Sorry seeing it is not im- probable but those People have come hither to treat of matters which concern all the Subjects of the Cm^at King of Enjjjland, and as the Government of York and Pennsylvania have the same Common In- ter<*st, and are in EIH^ct one and the same People, we hope every l*roposition they shall make for more firmly uniting the Six Nations to their ancient good friends, the English, and for strengthening all the Indians against the Attacks of their Enemies, will be chearfnlly received and willingly hearkened to.

Papers of the Governors.

We are miu:h romt^rned to tind tliar tIr* Sliawftm*** ^teiid of Tollowing Hit* good * otincil we gavt- them, e desiroue to go fut th*^r from tin, and f*veii to remove t'liisHvet* towardH thi- Hrltl<*nic'n1w of the Froiicli:

tht*y should iK*i^i«L in this* £{e»otiilion, whicii w^ I>e they will not, they will be lost to the fc^ix NatUma

wdl aM to 11?*: liiul thorefore wt* tiius* d**»ir*' you, at 'dn soon as you irtuni you will reprti^ieiit thi* tn e Six Nations, that thpy may u«(* their Efidi-avoiin*

prevent the Khawauu-sf* J(«in|^ t\iX, und likt-wii^** ran in the Di-la wares from giving any Kar Hi IhuiH* who *iild i»ei"8wade them to leave their old trn** frienik, ad on this head, we shall not Iw w^antiog \o give em our wholei*ome Council, which we ho|M? tbelr .*n tnip and rr^a! Interef^t will l<^ad them to follow. An to til** ('Miiiplaiiils y<iti nuiki^ (if the great lituni it'W of Kuiu hrtnight iiumiigst tlu* Indiana. \v<* l^*- 'V<* tlunv 18 ImM too njurh rt^at^on for tlh-ni; sijrli nii]>l;iiHJH hasr hrcii htn^^ atnl ofu^Ei n-jK-ati^l: vvi'

John Penn. 695

and without our knowledge; if they can be discoyered they shall be severely punished.

(Then were read & interpreted unto them several Paragraphs of the Act against selling Rum and other strong Liquors to the Indians.)

You know Brethren, that all the Subjects of Eng- land are free, and those who are Tnidesmen generally resort to such places where they are most likely to gett Business, but we cannot order them to goe where we please: it is the hope of Gain that prevails with them: we should be glad to have the Indians accom- modated with Smiths for mending their Guns & Hatchets, and as the People increase, it is very likely some may settle in your Neighbourhood.

We give no Ear to those foolish People who would endeavour to discredit our good friends of the Six Nations, with wliom we held tlie late Treaty: we belii^ve those that then came to us were good Mt*n and had an Authority for what they said and did; you sliould disregard sucli idU Rejjorts, for they can make no impn*ssions on us.

l(;th October, 17;U.

Reply of John renn to a Congratuhitory Address of the Assembly.

GKNTLKMEN: I return you my In^arty Tlianks for this atTectiou- ate Addrt^s; Hie Idnd Regard you exj)ri*S8 for the M<*mory of My I^ither is most agre(»al)le to me. and as it was always his Desiiv so it is strongly my In- <'lination. to do every thing in my iM)W(»r that can pro- niot<' the Happiness aud Prosperity of this Province. 17th October, 1784.

Papers of the Governors,

[epiy of John Fenn to a Con^ratulator>* and Vale- dictory Address of the Assembly.

^EKTLEMEN:

J I am very sermible of the Cnnc<?rn yon exprese for me, aud am obliged to you for this kind Addre*. am glad of this opportunity of seeing tbo Kcpri***-^!!! tives at tbi* Preemen of Fenimylvania at my D^ art lire, and you may be asBiired I &hall make it mj articular Caro to do every Thing in my rower tijat lay advance (lie Inten'nt of tUis luy ualive Country 2t>tb Sf^pt ember, 1785<

i

lepml of Juhn W\m and Richard Peters. Ksipiire^ t>f thdr F*rucccdii]gs at Alljany in Execution of tlit Cjovcrnors Orders ti.) tlieni t<^ make a rnrcl\a-^u of Lands from tlie Six Nations for the L'se of the

John Penn. 697

was told the Interpreter that he had other Designs in settling there, and that the People of Connecticut made Use of this j^oung Man to pursuade the Indians to sell to them the Sasquehannah Lands; and as he was an Acquaintance of Mr. Ogilvie the Societie's Missionary to the Mohock Indians, We desired him to enquire of this Matter and were afterwards told that he did not concern himself in this Affair.

Mr. William Alexander of New York was kind enough to tell Us that Mr. Woodbridgt, K^ho kept an Indian School at Stockbridge in New England, and

Two Connecticut Gentlemen, viz't,

wei-e in Town with intent to negotiate a Purchase from the Indians tor the Sasquehannah Lands lying within the Latitude of the Connecticut Charter in favour of some private Persons of that Government, and had with them a thousand Pieces of Eight, and were busy eonferrin.i^ with the Indians on this Sub- j(Mt at the House and tliro' the means of Mr. Lydius. This Lydius is an Inhabitant of Albany, known to have abjured the* Protc^tJint Religion in Canada and to be concerned in a clandestine Trade with the Cagh- nawaga or French Praying Indians, and suspected to carry on a Secret Correspondence with the Govern- ment of Canada, and as Mr. Alexander informed Us might not only luive lucrative views in the Manage- ment of this Purchase, but a Design to sow Dissention as well b(^tween the Indian Nations as between the w»v(M*al Colonies whose Lands Iny within the Latitude of the Connecticut Charter; and at the same Time Mr. Alexander kindly offered his services to Us, telling Us that he was acquainted with the tw^o Connecticut rrentlemen, and believed it might not be amiss for Us and them to come together. This Proposal w^as n^adily Embraced by Us, and Mr. Alexander was told that the Proprietaries had good Deeds for all the Sasquehannah Lands, as well as soh^mn Treaties

Papers of the Governors,

d Agr^t*mt*ntB witli tln^ Indians^, wlirreliy Hun i*n* ged to H/ll uo Lands wiihig the Bounds* of }%* PeDJi* ivania riia! ter to any but tht? Proprietaruii of Pinin Kaniii, tiud Iil* wnn dusiivd lo iTh^iitiou (hi** hi iht uiieulitut agL'iits, and that Wt* Hliiiuld W ^lad to ike them scniaildc of tlie goodiit^s of the Title of the opi it tariff of IViinsiylvaiiia 'm ordtT to i*i\-vi*iit if ssible DifTeivDcus witli the Iiidhiim aud with oiit* other on the Subject of I^ndB*

VNe vci*vt told bj^ Mr. Alexander thai fuir rn>|ioMl» ^le L'OQuuuuii-ated iitid ^n*at l'rofi*s4«ioiiw tuade Uy ? Couuecthnit Agents of their Willin^iiefts to t»onfer th Ua, tLdliii^ him if our Titk* wa^ i^r*od they would t proceed further ju the Furi-ha»e; hut aulwlthstaud^ ; th<'se Prrift^sioiis it was often h»ld Vn by I***nph»

rn»lufy in Alliauy that tlu*y wen* in st^Tet t'nU' 't'lni'K with lla* Iialians i\t Lydias*, and wiihiml

1]0|; i'^ iusir anynuii^ further from tht-m the two ■alliMiu'ii wnii t>nt nf Town.

I

John Penn. 699

lie saiid further, that Home Tuscororas were come to Town; that this Nation was influenced by the Onei- dos, and would entii'ely govern themselves by their Advice and Example in this Matter.

The next morning Gachradoda, with some of his own People and the Oneidos and Tuscororaa, came to visit the Commissioners of Pennsylvania and went home with Mr. Weiser, who found it necessary to engage Oagnidoda by a Rewai-d to serve him as his private Counsellor, and direct him what Measures to take to engage the Indians for a Sale, either of the whole Province or so much of it as to take in the Western Branch of Sas(]uehannah called in their I^an- guage Senaxse.

Afterwards there arrived a few Semnias and Two Ouondagers, who likewise «*ame to visit th<? Commis- sioners of Pennsylvania, having been made acquaint- <k1 by (lagradoda with tlie Proprietaries' Proposals and by him brought lo Mr. WeisiM', to whom they d<'- dared tlieir Willingn^^ss to let the Projunetaries have a Deed for all the Pr()vinc(» or at lea^t up to the West- ern Branch.

At this time none of the Chiefs of the Mohocks were come to town, Ueiuliick telling the Indiana as they pass<*d by the l-p])(4' Mohock Castle that they did not know whether they should come at all to the Treaty, or if they did, not till they heard the Tn^aty was l^egan. This gave the* Indians OpiK>rtunity of fre- quently conferring together about a further sale to Messieurs Penn. and (iagradoda n^ported to Mr, Weisi»r that they wmm'o in gn^neral well disposed, ex- cept some of the Oneidos, who were for putting otT a final Determinalion till the Arrival of the Mohocks, who had kept the C(\nnuissioners waiting more than a Week, and \vt notwithstanding this Affront to the Shame of that Ciov(*rnment were invited to come and told thev could not treat without them. As soon as

Papers of the Governors,

ej cam*? tliey wero ctiUed by the* Oueldcm in m»iihitioiis about tlie iu tended Put*cliiy*t% utid Uu^ \ised them not to m'U the whole or even up to tk* e&tem Branch, (lajj^rauoda and Shiek OaJEiiiy find g that Hendrkk would have the Manageiueist and eieby could not prevail against tliera, canie and taM r. Wei^r that the Oueidoa had insisted on taking ?ndrit k and the Mohncks into Council to help them

tn^t with the Prop'i^ of Pennsylvania, and that endriek was thei^by got into the Management of it, id had persuaded them not to sell «o mnrli aa thej tended, nor fiirthiT than the Allegheny nilli;, ami

keep all th(^ WVstern Branch of Haii^uehannab in eiv own Hands* and that they could not make He&d :airiHl liiiii. On Saturday the niirlHiii nf Juui% tiie Governor

N(^\v Ynrk il<4ivt'r'<'d In \hv liuHauw tlie i^t^nenil K"i^( li in ilii^ Naitu^ <»!' Iiiiiis4i4f and all the rorniiiii^ iiviTs |H'<^s<'nL Ami nn Ihr Tncsihiy I'Villnwin^* tlif*

John Penn. 701

manner, the Proposals of every intended Purchase being firet sent by the Propritaries to the Council at Onondago and Delegates appointed by the whole Body of Indians to execute the Deed and receive the Con- sideration Money, it would give the Commissioners of Pennsylvania Pleasure and might be of Use at this time if this Treaty might be made in the publick Congress.

Governor Delancey then a<sked the other Commis- sioners, as this Matter regarded only the Province of Pennsylvania, whether it might not be better trans- acted between them and the Indians in their Lodgings, and they thinking it niight, Hendrick was told this, and the Commissioner of Pennsylvania appointed the Indians to meet them the next day at their Lodgings; and to our great Surprize when the rough Draught of this part of the Minutes was read at the next Meeting of (xovernor and Commissioners, it was said that this nmde no Part of the Business of the Congress, and ought not to be put into the Minutes; to which one of the Commissioners of Pennsylvania replied, that whatever came voluntarily from the Indians and was delivered in publick was as much a I*art of the Busi- ness of the Con j,a*eHH as any other thing mentiontMi by them. With respect to the Commissioners of Pennsyl- vania it was indifTereut whether any Notice should be taken of it or no, but it appeared f^omething singular that at a time when the Commissioners were brought here at a ^reat Exi>euee to their Governments to settle DifFerences that arose between New York and the Indians, on Account of fraudulent ProcecMiings in Land Treaties with tlir* Indians, they should decline accept- ing: the Offer made them by the Indians of having One of those Treaties made in publick, as the Indians might make this Offer on purpose to begin a Prece- dent, and to shew that they would chus(* to tn^at in the most publick manner on such Occasions for the

Papers of the Governors,

I tun** And now tlutt tliey not only diH-lined this Lisonable Otfer, but insisted that neitlier the Offer mv thinr KefuBEil sliinild Ik* put upon the Minutes, 1 c^ould u(Jt \n* tlion^^ht they were seimibk* of their tvinji: done wruii^, uud were de&irous the Puhlirk lould not know that thc*y had done so. Not with- in ndiui; this, it was nimnimonsly jigret^d that thfi jerk s^htjuld taki^ no notice of what Hendriek had wiid I this ]>artii'ijlar Octaaion in the Minuter, and ih^ |HinniRsifnnTS of INnmsylvanui not thinkini^ it proj^er [H'ulKsi did arquiehce.

Lxt a Meeting of Seventy of the Six Nation** at Mr. jjUHH SU*vt*uBon*>i, in .Vllmny, Friday the Fifth day of

|]]v. 17.-4.

JuJHl i^■IUL Klrtisini Trlrl'S, ls;i:n Notlis, :Ulil \lr\\ \]\\\U Vv.UiUWu. l\Si|lli! rn;^ Tn ti M in^s.|( 1 1 K I S nt l*mTl^v]

lia.

John Penn. 703

MeBsaj^e sent to the Six NationB hy the Governor We have since our Amval in this Town ordered it to he proposed to You hy the Interpreter that You should make a Deed for all the Lands that have heen settled by White People, or are now wanted for Settlements on .the West Side of the River Sasquehannah as far Westward as the Province extends, and as far North of the Kittochtinny Hills, the present Boundary between You and the Proprietaries, as You shall think proper to part with, and the larj^er the Tract the more agree- able to us, and the larger our Present to You will be; And as You have had this Matter for some Days under your Consideration, and have told Us You were ready to give an answer. We now wait to hear it."

The Indians in our Presence made a Circle at one End of the Room in order to confer among themselves, and they »i)ent more than and hour in Consultation, and W€*re very warm and (Ernest in tlK»ir Debates, and seemed to ditTer much in Opinion. Hcndri<k spoke a gn^at deail, and turning round observ(»d Mr. Weiser near them and dc^siivd him to withdraw, which he did, and after some little time they sent for him and took him Into their Council, asked his Opinion on dix-ers Matters, and then retunuHl to their S<»ats as at first. Ilendrick spoke as follows: ^'Brother:

"We have now the lM(»af»ur(» of He<Mng one another together in Albany; Let ns talk togt*ther freely. We thought the Boundaries had been settled b(»tween Us and the White IVoj)le. We ivccived a Meswigi* from You ivlating to tliost* Lands, wliich We shall now have some Talk about.

"W(» have sevtMal Uuk^ desired the CfOV(»rnor of Pennsylvania to nniove his Peoph* from onr Lands, and We understand he has done his utmost Endea- vours for that Pnrpos<^ exce])t using Force, which We do not desire he should. We are now, therefore, will-

4,5— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

to i«art witli tli* iii, and exjiert lo Ik* paid far ihmiu other Onas:

What we are now going to tiaj m a Matter of great fneDt, ^vhirh we dewire ,vou to reuieuiber o«i lung a>^

Bud and Moon lasts*. AYe are willitig to ^H V<nj i Large Tract of Land for your People t(i lire upon.

We desire tins niav le eousideretl us Ptirt of our reement that wli**n We are all dead and gom* jrour indchildrea mn^* not imj to our Grandehildren that f Forefathers t;old ihi^ lAind to our F(>refather«, , therefore be gone olV Llieni. This is wrung, 1x4 be all as Brethn*ii aw well after as before of glrlai^

Deeds for Land, After We have «old our Land

in a little tinu^ have uonniig to t^hew for it; bat B not BO with Voa, Yonr (ljandf*hS1drt»!i wit! jiK lelhiii;^ fraiii it as Uju^^ as llir W di Id stiinds; *fij! nidrljjMren will httve im ruhaniii^^*- fi'<tnt it: Tiny 1 say W r wt^Vr Fools tor solliut; s^t itiarli Land Un sum II a nialtiM'* and i-mM- r?<; tla^refore le! it \n

I .^.x. _- . L^.i. *l..lJ ll^

John Penn. 705

vite all Buch to come and live here, that so We may strengthen ourselves."

Gave a Belt of Eight Rows. "Brother:

'*It is customary upon these Occasions when We sell Land for both Parlies to have a Copy of what is transacted. We, thei-efore, desire You would let Us have one, and We will give it to one of our young Men who will keep it for us. "Brother:

"We have heard since We came here that our Broth- er Onas and our Brother of New England have had some Disputes about the Lands of Sasquehannah — a Dispute of the same kind as that of the Governor of Canada and Assaragoah, but We desii^ You would not differ with one another about it, for neither shall have it. We will not part with it to neither of You. We will reserve it for our Western Indians to live upon. ^'Brethren:

'^Last Yea^ Col. Johnson was at Onondago. lie told us Brother Onas had a handsome Present for Us. We have not heard of it since. If it be true We de- sire You would let us know, and give it to Us now. You see We are a poor I*eople, and some of Us have not so much as a Breech Clout to cover Us."

The Commissioners thanked them for the kind Man ner in which they had spoken to them, and siiid they would take it into ' 'oui^ideration and i^turn them an Answer to-morrow morning. Then the Indians were treated with Wint* and Punch and dismissed.

In the afternoon Mr. Weiser informed the Commis- sioners that high Dissentions arose among the Indian.«», and desired they would not think of Meeting them in Council nor pn^pai'f^ an Answ(»r to their Speeches nor see their Chiefs till he could find out what would

Papers of the Governors,

the tsi^iit* of \\mv CiUmnWnWoim: Ur Wllvxn} »oiiie 1 P*M>iile had poisoned tlu*ir 8tnit[ui«^utft, iiad unit fd it to be Lvdiaii and Mv. \VmMJhridf:l^ by tli€ Mm of Hcfndriok, with wliimi tlii\v Wi*tY* fnllnijile. , Weiser was ordered not to tnicklp at all nur til from thi* Propoi^il*!, but to leave tin? Imliiiiu tii ni^elves, and wiis trdd it wnuld Ik* belter In kiit*w at IiUliit*Jire wan u^*d and ^ho nmnl It over tlieni, I wbieh \ivre for nud wliiih ii^aiii^t I'ft, and with lit Viewi4, & that at all Events it would tie iinbe uujL,' tht*i'haraetor of the Pnniiiee of rennt*vivnida, leh luid bt^ii rtiuarkubly kind and juBt to the In^ iiB* to take any ill Una pre from them, and rnfhtT

to tivat at all than do ibii*, Mr. \Veis4«>r eonear a: in Opinion, th?* !miian« Avf* re l^ft to th«>mselre«. I in thi^ Ev<-iiin,L; rlirir rtijj'fs proptisiMl to Ifir c run ^^itjntM's liv Mr. \>'iMM'r In ^\yv a l>(^<'tl for all ilu* ids ti> Iln^ Sinitli iif llu^ W'rslriii nr;nuli an far u>i

AHe^i^hiMiy Hills. Inu tu> \'u\\hv\'. This pn*|Mis;U

/ ^^ftlTlllUlKWkfrli^ClJ tit'll- Hill- t >li1 K- i^f l\l.m lik^lMltiU^ 'tVifl

John Penn. 707

Hendrick see that he yould not apply to him for his Interest he delivered the Answer of the Commission- ers to him to communicate to the Six Nations in Council, and added that the Commissioners were much displeased and he verily believed would take no fur ther Notice of them, especially as their limiting the Purchase by the Allegheny Mountains made them suspect some underhand Dealings between the Six Nations and the Governor of Canada.

Mr. Weiser was afterwards told that Hendrick de livered the Commissioners' Ansi^-er to the Six Nations in their Council truly and fully as it was told him, and then in a patheti«* Speech, in which he set forth the constant good Usage of the Province in Pennsylvania and their affectionate and generous Usage of the In- dians, he advised them to take the Frowns off from the Hrow of their Bretliren, and to grant them the* Ti<nnds according to the Western Bounds of the Province, which he had enquired of, and was told by the Inter- preter extende<l beyond the Oliio, and took in the Eastern Part of Lake Erie. And this proposal of Hendrick's being unanimously agived to, Mr. Weiser was called into their Council and informed of their Resolution not to suiTer the Coinmissionei*s to depart in Anger, and then in Conferences the Indians and He settled the l^)unds of the* IMinhase, viz/t., to extend from the Kittochtiniiy Hills on Sasciuehannah River as far North as a Crec^k called Kayarondinagh, situate about four or five Mih^s South of llie Mouth of the Western Branch, and from thence to go North-West and by Wc^t to the Extent of the Province on the other side of Ohio, or into Lake Erie, as it j*hould hap])en. Tlie Indians and Mr. Weis(»r, on examining Mr. Lewis Evans' Map, wliirh th(\v had all along con- suUcmI in their Debatts, imagining that the Waters of Juniata, wlii<h were all intended to be included within this Purchase*, did, some of th(»m, run a good Wav to the Northward of the Mouth of Kavarondi

Papers of the Governors.

jjh. ngreed upon Ibis Course^ as what woulil dear the Waters of Jimhita, and gire the Prop!ietari*?s ck)d Extent on the Kiver Ohio. Vfler this, aud sc*ttliri^ all other Terms AmItahU h the Indians, Mr. V\ eii^^r by their Order iiiformt'd s (^oaimi«siODer8 that the IndiauB w^re n?adv at ^ them and would speak first, whenmfWJti the Com* tsioners sent for theiru

V( a Meeting of the IndinxiH of the H[x Nations at . tin Dies Stephen f*o 11*}^ in Alban>\ Hatui*day the ^ixtli July, 1754,

Preaent: ^^^B

in Penn, 1

'hard Peters, I

ujamiu Franklin,

►luiiy tU*ntlenien, (.'gniniisfiii oners for thT*utlK*r Pio*

es.

John Penn. 709

We will not suffer it to continue longer, and that your Suspicions are without Foundation, We now tell You that if You consent to make the Creek Kayarondi- nagh the Boundary of the Deed to be executed by Ts on Sasqnehannah, the !North Line shall go to the North of The West as far as your Province extends, let A reach beyond the Ohio and to Lake Erie wher- ever it will. This will convince the World and You that we have no Connection with Onontio, since those T^nds from this Time will belong by our Title to King George and to Onas. Make out your Deed and be not long about it.

As to Wyomink and Shamokin and the Land con- tiguous thereto on Sasquehannah, We reserve them for our hunting (iround and for the Residence of Such as in this time of War shall remove from among the French and chuse to live there, and We have appoint- ed John Shick Calaniy to take care of them. He is our Representative and Agent there, and has our Orders not to sufl'er »'iMier Onas' People nor the New Englanders to settle i\n\ of those I^ands, and if any shall presume to do It W(* have directed him to com- ])lain to Onas, whether it shall be his own People or from other Provinces, and to insist on their being turned off, and if he ^hall fail in this Application We will come ourselves and turn them off. No body shall have this Land. Get your Deed ready as fast as you can."

The Commissioners expressed their Satisfaction, and having filled up the Blanks left in the Deed for the Boundaries and paid down a thousand Pieces of Eight, and promised by an Endorsement on the Deed to give another thousand Pieces when the Tjands West of the Apalacian Hills should be settled^ the Indians executed ihe followinj; Deed.

The Indians were told that the Present which Col. Johnson made mention of to them was made to their poor and distressed Brethren of the Six Nations, Shaw-

Papers of the Governors,

[se, and Dulawarvti. and Tw!gbtvvi*fBy and Owen i^, on the (Hiio, hetnii*' tliey were in want, having In liaian^ed and aljimt^d by the French, fur wliich Iv jr-ive Thank B*

Beed fmm the Six A^aiions ttA tfw I\o}jrletari^: 1^./ ail to iokijin th^m PtesetiU »fiuU come Greeting:

jllijirv Teiory, Abiiiham IVti^iB, IShindt, Jobatiuea s^vliowcHio, Jobaunffci Kanadakoyon, Abraham Saa- nM'dohy-, Sathi^uiB uv rhit-fs t*f tbt! Mabock Xatioa; .■r*:liiiax)|ua, Ta ray horns, TohaghdaaghquvBerry

|i§ I'ornt^liiit!*, Karluu^jjbdaekon, Sachenia or Chii^fs \\u- OHi'ido Nation: CXsinnghyadiu alias Bnnt (in

|alf of bnnm^lf and all the HaeheniB and Chit*fs of iUnMnla;:!* Nauiiii:: Srnniiialv. Taijai^lMliu ii>. l-i

|i\i»Tt, Kajj)n'a(]<uIoii, S;m In nis ur ilin-t's rpf \\\\^ Va\ N:iJ]uii: Kali irliiliiiinn rilias ^Irunh^ VnimL^i^ 'I'akt*

III, l'j\ Iilmliarn s\ , S.ii(i. in> n[- <'li|f-1> nf \\[^^

John Penn. 711

called Kayarondinhagh : thence North-West and by West as far as the said Province of Pennsylvania ex- tends to its Western IJne or Boundary; thence along the said Western Line to the South Line or Boun- dary of the said Province; thence by the siiid South Line or Boundary to the South Side of the ^said Kit- to<htinny Hills; thence by the South Side of the said Hills along the said Hills to the Place of Beginning; Together, also, with all the Rivers, Creeks, Islands, Ways, Waters, Water Courses, Woods, Underwoods, Timbers and Trees, Mountains, Hills, Mine©, Valleys, Minerals, Quarries, Rights, Privileges, Hereditaments, and Appurtenances whatsoever thereunto belonging or in any wise appertaining. And all the Right, Title, Interest, ProjxTty, <.'laim, and Demands whatsoever of the said Henry Praters, Abraham Peters, Blantd, Johann(»s Satsyhowano, Johannes Kandakoyon. Abra- ham Sastaghredohy, Ani^eghnaxqua, Taraghorus, To- hagdagh(|uyserry, Kachueghdackon, Otsinughyada, Scanuraty, Tannagdorus, Tokaaiyon, Kaghradodon, Kahickdodon, Takeglisatu, Tiyonc^nkokaraw, Sun- trughwackou, Sagochsidodagon, Tohashwangarus, Orontakayon, Tilsaghton, or any of them, or of any Person or Persons of (ir b(^longing to the Six Nations of Indians aforesaid. To have and to hold the said Lands, Riv(M'»*», (^reeks. Waters, Islands, Ileredita- nu*nts, and Premises h(M(*by granted and releascni, or nientioniKl or intend* d to b(» hereby granted and re- leastul, and ev(M*y Pan and Parc(*l thereof with their and ev(*ry of their A|)piirtenances, and the siiid Pro- prietaries, Thomas IVnn and Richard Penn, their Heirs, Successors, and Assigns, To the only pro])er Use and Behoof of the said Proprietaries, Thomas Penn and Richard Penn, iheir Heirs, Successoi*s. and Assigns forever, so that neither th(^ said Henry Peters, Abrahani Peters, P>lantd, Johannes Satsyhowano, Jo- hannes Kanadakoyon, Abraliam Sastugredohy, Anc^e

Papers of the Governors-

Qaxqiia, Taragboni**, Tohagh(laghquy««*n"^j% Kac ^hdackun, tUshiugliyada, 8caiiuiat>% Tauuaghdomt, kaalyoii, Kai^liradodon, Kahiekdodoii, Take^i^ata, rorjeiiLokaraw, Htiutrughwackuu, SagoeUiJHlodagon, luLshwaugaru!^, Oruntakayoii, Tit^ightuii, nor tiuy iei*s of the said Six NatiouSj aor llieii* aor ebt of nr Heii'K, Buceesj^ois, aud As«iga» ehall cir may peafter claiiii^ clialUuge, or demand any Hit^bf to :? said Uiuds, Islands, Kivei-^j Creeks, Waicn*^, Ue^ litameuts, and Premises hereby gr^aiited and iv- .Bed, but fruia the tianie shall be bamd for ever by imi Presents: And I he said i .'hiefs do hei^eby Core- lit and declare that the Bights tu the naid Lands d I'reniifiefii is solely in them and their Kationa, and no otht^r Xatlou wha(i40fv*^r: And it is hereby UiiiHly CovL'UMiitiHl iiiid agreed l»y aud betwei^n tlie il LN'uf^rielariei? in htOiiilt of ihemtit^lve!^, ilieir Sue >siirs, and ail I lie hiluiliilant;^ of Pi^irisyl variia fur i^r, of the one Part, ;iim1 iIh- s;ii{| Clilers in In-'brill

1 I

John Penn.

THOMAS PENN, [L. S.]

and RICHARD PENN, [L. S.]

By their Attomies. JOHN PENN, [L.S.I

tlie Second of Great Britain, France, and Ireland, King.

"Sealed and delivered (the Words [ West and Jy] wrote on an Erazure in the Tenth Line, and the Words [th^mce along the said Western Line] interlined between the Tenth and Eleventh Lines, and the Words [ to its^ also wrote on an Era- \ zure in the Tenth Line, being first done) and the whole distinctly read and interpreted to the Indians in the presence of Us. Also before executing the Words [a rnlle abave'] between the ninth and Tenth Lines, and the Words [along the naid HiIIh] between the tenth and ele\Tenth Lines were interlined at the Instance of the Indians.

^^RICHARD PETERS, [L. S.]

"ISAAC NORRIS,

"CONRAD WEISEK, Interpreter,

"SAM'L WEISER,

"ROBT OSBORNE.

"W'M ALEXANDER,

"W^M FRANKLIN.

"JA. STEVENSON,

-PETER GROENENDYCK,

^^THO'S WILLING,

"ONONHARIYOH PAULUS,

Papers of the Governors.

'^y XirnOLAS PE THRS. his Mark, '*:N. LO\MlE]sH 8o:NAGAE18, Uh Mark. *g MOSKS TCGENOXDAKK, hm Mark. -do fOHXELllH TKRAKAHf, hlf* Mark. -X WILLIAM TARA(UIYt>HAS, his Mark, •t ZA< tlAUIAS TANANOnSAtUMUlllTA. Vhirk,

his ^rKAIlH KDODON, + iil«. Oroote Young, [I Mark.

'TAKEOHHATr, r (Bt-m*ca), [h. ^.] Mark.

hi« *TnONET'HOKARA\V. X fi^nt^ca), [L. R.]

Mnrk. liis *'TANNA(llll»t>Hrs. [ fr\iyii-i:i), [L, S.] Miirlc,

hi»

.8.1

^

John Penn.

715

his "ORONTAKAYO^', Tho >'als. John Nixon, (Tu»ca ra), [L. S.] Mark.

his '^TISTSAOHTON, Tho N (Tuscarora), [L. 8.] Mark, his ''ANEEGIINAXEQUA, t (Oneido), [L. S.] Mark, his '^TARAGHKORUS, IJ (Oneido), [L. S.] Mark.

his "TOHAGHDAGIIQl YSERRY, + als. Cornelius,

Mark. Oneido), [L. S.J

his ''KOCHNEGllDACKON, + als. CornWiiis, (Ouoido),

Mark.

[L. S.] his ''SlNTRrGllWACMvON, X (TuHcarora), [L. S.]

Mark, his ^'SA(U)(^HSII>()I)A(U)N, t (Tiiscarorai), [L. S.]

Mark, his -UENKY nV TETEHS. (Mohawk), [L. S.] Mark, his "ABRAHAlil A TETEKS, (Mohawk), [L. S.]

Mark. -BLAXT'I), (Mohawk), [L. S.]

his **JOHAXXES X SATSYHOAVAXO, (Mohawk), Mark.

[L. S.]

i6

Papers of the Governors.

Li 18

Mark.

Mb *^ABRAILVM X HASTAGIIREDCHY

(Molinwk).

Endonw^ment on tlic fon*gDing deed:

''Ue it Remonibered, that altho' the Consideration lonej now paid and which is the real ^uin a^ Di\ yet befrjrt^ the- Exe< lUion of the LMhI it was fu] her agreed by Ve with the Tndiaog that wh€*nevt*r the /atids over tht? Apalacian Hills lUiould be settled^ tie udiaus wlio si«>Ti(4l Mio Ileed nrt^ to roi-eivo n rurth'T ill in IN It i^MT'Mihii^ Hir- pivst/nt <.'oti^td«>nUion Minir^y. -JOHN PKXX, [L. R.] -IfKMlARH l^ETKUS, [L. S.]

John Penn. 717

1736 the Chiefs of the Six Nations then in this Prov- ince had of their own accord, after conveying a large Quantity of Land to the Proprietaries, executed an Instrument wherein they engaged that they would not sell to any Persons but the Proprietaries any Lands within the Limits of their Charter from the King, and as one of the Indians who had executed that Deed was now present, viz't. Tahashwangoas, he was de- sired to tell the Indians the manner of its being exe- cuted, and he declared that it was done publickly and of their own voluntary Motion as a Testimony of their great Regard for the Proprietaries, who had at that verj' Treaty given thera a generous Proof of their upright Dealing with the Indians by paying a third time for the Sasqujihannah Lands, having bought them of Col. Dungan first and then of the Sasquehan- nah Indiana, and that ho saw all the Persons execute it with i;reat Willintcness. Then Ilendrick and the other Indians* present were desired to look at the Names of the Signers?, and having done so they ac- knowledged they were all princii>al Men among tlie several Tribes, and being asked to confirm and ratify that Deed and renew their Engagements to the Pro- j)rietarie8 not to sell to other Persons any of their Lands, they one and all declared it to be right and d(*sired that a short Deed might be drawn, which was iircordingly done, int^^prei^ed and executed, both which follow in these AVords:

" Deed from thr Sir \,! lions to the Proprittors.

'*\Ve the Chi(»fs of the Six Nations of Indians, the Onondagoes, T^wlnun(lowans or Sinickas, Cayoogoes, Oneydas, Tuscaroroes (in behalf also of the Canyin- goes or Mohacks), who have lately at Philadelphia by our Deed in Writing dated the eleventh Day of this Instant, October, nOeased to John Penn, Thomas Penn. and Richard Penn, Proprietors of Pennsylvania, and

8 Papers of the Governors,

tliuir Ik4i*a ;m»1 Su<Tt**4*toi-ft, all their Hij^ht, ri; d i>releu&ioii» whaiHoever to all the Lands an k'ti the lUver ^uiiqtH Imumih tvtnn Wu* Mtnitli ^ht^r^^ at^ far Xnrlliward tn- ij|i the wild River us* that Ridgt-

HilU nilled the Tjmninhtirtat'htii or eiidletin tiiotjn* in&ii Westward tu th^* Sitting nf I hi* SuHt *^tid KaHi ird to the farthest Sptiiigi* uf th^ Waters ruimiD^ to the miid River, di> heix^by further d*-i'lare UiM r true In tent and nieniiing b> the waid Wrking wai d is to release^ and We do hereby more t^xpretsnty lease to the mid Proprietors, their Hetr« and ^xic ssurs fun>ver, all our Rjghli (.Ifliin and Pretensions uit»oever to all ami every all (he Land Ijing within e Bounds and t^nntti of the Ciovernnient of P^mn- lviiui:i. Ill j^Miniioi; K;^i^r\^;n(l ot! I lie Hivrf !>i1cnvjnt',

far NrMflivMinl as ih»* said Hid*:*' <"r I'liain nf m^l -s iiminjiains as ilirv rnvss Um* ^'ninii ry of Pi-iinsv] riia fi'tiiti Mil' Ka^^Mv;iiil Id f lir V^l'sr. ■'And furlliiM', j>k \\ i- liavr iisrtdr the tirujrist Ltsi^ue

I

John Penn. 719

ig distinctly read and Interpreted to us by our

?nd Conrad ^^'eiser the twenty-fifth Day of October,

S.

Witness (an Interlineation of seven'teen Words,

ig first made between the 8th & 9th Lines.)

"ANY (JSSQUASUH, f his iMark. *AUYHARUKGQUAS, f his Mark. "CANDAGEH, f his Mark. "HAWYIENTA, f his Mark. *'JOHAN SNIDER POOL. "JOHAN LENHART FRY. "CONRAD WEISER, Interpreter.

his "HANUKHUNGO, f [L. S.] Mark.

his "HOTQUANTAGECHTY, f [L. S.]

Mark, his "GALl SKEROWANO, 2 [L. S.] Mark, his 'GECHTACHHERY f [L. S.] Mark.

his **TAil ASH WANG ARORIS, f [L. S.]

Mark, his "CANAWATO t [L. S.] Mark.

his -SAGUCnSONYUNT, f [U S.] Mark, his "TYUCHRYGERECGHO, t [L. S.]

Mark.

46— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

|20

Papers of the Governors,

Ids * HAHISTAQUOH, f i^^ ^1 Mark, his ^"HHVKELUNG, f [L. S.l Mark, Mb -LAC AN t NUNTY, [L. S.] Mark,

his ^■CAXHAAYU, t [L. S.] Mark, lufi ^^TOCANAUNGO f [L- B.] Mark, his ' nsroTAN t 1 L. S.J

liis

John Penn. 721

I^rovinee of rennsylvania, that neither We nor any by our Authority shall sell, grant, or convey to any other than the said Proprietaries, their Heirs and Assigns, any Lands within the Limits of the said Province. Witness our Hands and Jj^eals this Ninth Day of July, 1754.

'"Sealed and Delivered in the Presence of Us,

"'ISAAC NORRIS,

'"WM. FRANKLIN,

-CONRAD WEISER,

*"PAULUS ONONHARIYO,

'SAMUEL WEISER,

'^JA. STEVENSON,

his

"ANNEGHNAXQUA X [L. S.] Mark, his

"TOHAGHDAGH X QUYSERRY, [L. S.] Mark.

-KAROCHYAKTATTY, alias Nicholas Peters,

[L. S.]

'"ABRAHAM A PETERS, [L. S.] •

"SCARURATY, O [L. S.]

-BLANTD, [L. S.]

''HENRY IP PETERS, [L. S.] X BUNT, [L. S.]

-SAGECHSI, X [L. S.]''

Then Hendrick declared that as Times were likely to become troublesome, if the Governor wanted to know the true Disposition of the Indians or to consult on Affairs, and would at any time send for him, he would be sure to come with a few of the principal Mohocks and ccmfer with him as Brethren should with one another.

anas, Tiyeragaro, Zacbarias, Toqueerort, Jacob, Sonoharese, Seth, Ganagninko, Seth, Jun'r, Tayendako,

Indians of Oneido. Kanoughrageayate, Tanughnaaqua, Tahaghtaghqueesere, Wat«atuhha, Keandarundie, Niyoherasa.

Indians of (^ghjuai^. Tarroghioris, William, Kanosteahse, Abraham, Teyonogo, Hendrick, Teziniaghko, Seth, Taggukan, Reneer, Kanowagoenra, Abraham. Canadagaye, Johiannes, Teckvenondaekho, Moses,

Si Is

Oi

Ai R« A]

S( Tc Te

St Oi Tc

Nj Te

Zi

Ai

John Penn.

721

Indians of Sckoohary. On^aagaghte, Jacob, Kaneya, Joseph, Tayayake, Isaac,

Decanajiyasero, Johannes, Sakotsa, David, Th'rewaghty, Joseph, Joseph,

Karunghiazigoa, Joseph, Onohariwe, Paulus, Arighwanientha, Nicholas, Adc^kodara, Aaron, Orighuryughsto, David. Owadokweany, Nicholas. Karunghiadeckha, Brantd, Indians of Onondago. Canagaradoughqua, BrantdC )zinoghiato, Tiyonidade, David. Sorihowans,

Young Men ('anatsiagaye,

Ohihaweagthe, Joseph, Tehalkawadoris.

Saghsanowane, Peter, Okagh«ageghte, Jacob, Aghseanthearo, Lot, Taosaquatho, Arent, Sbahegtade, Joseph. Adarockquaghs, Adam, Gideon, Ayenkoouy, Peter.

Indians of Anoiraro^ Towaraghlons, William, Onughrageghte, David, Sagoderinghtha, Jacob, Tekarihogo, Johannes,

Seneca Indians. Gahikdote, Grote Younge, Tageaghsado, Sakayenquaraghto, Toyenockha, Sorkadowane, Wahanatseary, Ouwayoense.

Cayuga Indians. Tc^kacaye, fine Carse, Ihagliradote, Skanearade, ( >y(^aji:liseragearat,

Anatsbiaeaghse, NichoLas, ()iuaiaj::e<i:lite, Arent.

Jun'r,

After all was done with the Indians, Mr. Wood- bridge, a Schoolmaster as before mentioned of Stock- bridge, employed by tlie Connecticut People to make the Contract with the Indians for the Sasqiiehannah Lands, came to Mr. Peters and declared that if he eould be assui^ed of Mr. Penn's Title to those Lands he would desist treating ^\ith the Indians in favor of the Connecticut People; and to satisfy him Mr. Peters shewed him the several Decnis made to the late and

Papers of the Govern orst.

*stfiit Propnetoj^ fur tlnme Lnnd«, and tbe gea ^ of the Sijc Natiotts not to m*U but to the Ppo- iHaini*s iviiy l/inds wiHiin the LiniiU of the Itoyal nrit of (h^ PrnviiMV, find when hr* had fH rU8c-d tbem tt<Hlaivid hiiui?<lf jjerfei-tly ^atiwtied, aoid assuivd \ 1^4iTf4 that thotii' i'tMjple would give tho i'rotJ^i*^ ■j<^M 110 further trnuljle* Hnl. Williaius out* nf thi^ Cnnnertii'iit i 'onmiisHion^

I had Ukt-wjse iiie Perusal of the D^eds, aud told

\ Peters that the Proprielarieiii Title iipjn-^ind **> A

II to be ffood, thnu^h ho waj* then and Ifi now oan ™ tlie priaeipal PerHou enoeerned iirthifi dark AtTa*r,

\\> have, Hir, (i:iven yoii a full aceonnt of all iiof

an^HrtioQK in the llisH-harge of your Ordeis*, and

(" ho|N^ it will inert ^^ ith vou!' AjiprtilmTiun.

W'v i\v<* \'c»nr IhiiHHif's iitnst nliiMlirrH hUTiilih- Sir

nit*,

-iniix PKXN,

WILLIAM DENNY,

Lieutenant Governor. 1756-1759.

(725)

CIIAPTKR V.

WILLIAM DENNY. Lieutenant. Governor.

1756-1759. tIE ACCESSION OF GOVERNOR DENNY WAS

hailed with great pleasure in the Colony, all of which, however, was dispelled when it became o^n that he was bound by the same instructions ith regard to the issue of paper currency and the ^xation of estates as his predecessors. The discus- ion between the Governor and the Assembly became tTimonious in the extreme. The Assembly persisted i its position declining to appropriate any funds until lie Governor should disi*egard his instructions from le proprietaries. Finally, being personally in severe E?euniary straits, he gave his approval to the acts I the Assembly, upon which ample provision was ade for him b}' the Colony, but with e<iual prompt ess he was recalled by the Proprietors. Governor enny was a man of high character, broad education ad social polish and worthily upheld the Executive •om August, 1750, 10 October, 1759, when he returned ) England, where he lived in retirement until his eath a few years later.

(727)

28

Papers of the Governors.

Proclamation for the Continuance of Magistrates and officers in their respective offices.

r TJIEI/omn^BABLIC WILLIAM D£NN)\ Etufjuin/, LieKten-ant Grjvernm" and OommundiT- in- Chief of the Fi^win^ki of Penn^ylmnm ^W

lf/(^/^^/€-* of New Va^tls^ Kent^ and Svssex^ upon I/ik-

hn'e:

A PROCLAMATION.

Fortwmuch aM the Houourable Thomai I '('11 11. and Richard Peaa, Esquires, tnie and absolute Propiietaries and Got^t iiors ju Chief of the Province of Pennsjl- vjiiira iuid Con oHt^ of NeTTcaBtle, Kent,

:|ImI hllS^t'X. nil 1 Ji hi Willi ■, IIhHI' l^r^^3l

)>li';i^<".l h\ Www t numiis^ioii. uimIi r thi'Jr lijuiits iirnl S('!il>*. luaiiriL: d:Hi' llh- S-n

riiUi \\a\ nf .\l:i\ liis1\ to ifiilsliTlM!' iilnl

William Denny. 729

continue, and remain in full Force, Power, and Virtue,

according to their I'espective Tenors, until my further

pleasure shall be known therein; And that all persons

whatsoever, who on the said Twentieth day of this

instant August held or enjoyed any Office of Trust

or profit in this Government, by Virtue of any such

Commission as aforesaid, shall continue to hold and

enjoy the same until they be determined by me as

aforesaid, or by other sufficient Authority. And I do

further hereby Command and require all Magistrates,

Officers, and Commissioners, whatsoever, in whom any

publick Trust is reposed in this Government, that they

diligently proceed in the performance and discbarge

of their respective Duties therein, for the safety,

peace, and well-being of the same.

Given under my Hand and the Great Seal of thi:*

Province, at Philadelphia, this Twenty-first day of

August, in the Thirtieth Year of the Reign of Our

Sovreign Lord, (jeorge the Second, King of Great

Britain, France, and Ireland, Defender of the Faith,

&ca., Anno Domini, 1756.

WILLIAM DENNY. By His Honour's Command, Richard Peters, Secretary.

GOD SAVE THE KING.

Letter to Sir Charles Kanly Concerning Indian Affairs.

Philadelphia, 21 August, 1756.

SIR: The BeariM*, one of Uie Six Nations, formerly called Cashiowavah. now Captain Newcastle, is one of those few Indians who were left bv Scarrovadv

Papers of the Governors.

h\ tilt* Belt uf ^\l\l\\lnnn on thfir going tu Colonel llin^oii's lu ii*4iAisL ill Building a Foil nt Bbamokin Id to bL* employed in sticb Publick HuHiuese as there (on'd be ocoasioii for with the Neighbouring ludiaos.

A little before Srarruyady went away, tiaverntir lorn« received from you an account, in Kxtracls from [^tters of Sir ^\■illiaIll Johnson^ tbat tliere bad bet^a

Mt*?tinpf at Otsanan^o betwet.*u tbe 8ix Xation* |i(l the Cliiefs of tbe Enemy Indians, in which thes<*

"*t liad agreed to hearken to the interposiition of the Ix Nations, and t(» forbear any fnrther HoBtiliti^a Vainst the Inh^ibitaiits of this and tbe Neighbouring jilonies, and it wa« thought profier on receiving this Itelligente after coiitiulting the two Chiefs, Scarro Idy and llie Ibdt nf ^^'^^Il^plHTl. to wend Newrastli^ l^ |ininiiiL\ To iniiki' \s1i:(f ^VJJs dutSfjii Ois;ni;in^ii IvIjo^mi

IS sMid M* hjivi^ ( ii[ii-i ti^l (Inif: iirhi !n* ^v;l> in 'IK ticl lu TithI < n( llnii- dis|His[inihs, ;nid iC ilti-;

William Denny. 731

Whereupon Newcastle was sent back to Diahogo to tell the Indians there that this Government, to whom Newcastle had faithfully comumnicated all that had been said to him of their earnest desires to return to IV ace, had received it in good part, and by him kin died a Council Fire, removed all the Blood and Ob- struction out of the Road, and rendered it safe for their Old Men, Women, and Childi*en to travel in it again; and that if they were disposed to confer with us on the Subject of Peace, they shou'd not fail having the protection of the Government in coming to, and whilst staid in the Province, that we were sorry for their distresses which w^ere brought upon them by for- saking us, their Old Friends, and on their coming to Confer with us, they shou'd find u^ disposed to relieve them.

Captain Newcasetle delivered his first Message to the Indians formally convened in Council by Teedy- uscung w^ho was the (>hief Man amongst them, and in conversing with him he told him that since he, New- castle, was here, he bad been at th(* French Foit at Niagara, and after that had been at a great Meeting of Six Nation Indians and Delawares; that the former had sent a Message to the latter to take off" their aprons, and that they S'hou'd no long(*r be considered as Women, but as Men, & capable of doing business, and that the Delawares were taken into the Union of the Six Nations, adding further that he, Teedyus- cnng, was appointed by the Six Nations to transact Publick Business for the Delawares, which Newcastle was glad to lu^ar, and observed that he was treated and considered as such by all the Indians; amongst whom it was agreed that Tc^dyuscung with a number of Indians then prc^sent, should come and confer with this Government in order to bring matters to a final Isf^ue; and accordingly Tei^dyuscung with about thirtv Indians came to Fasten, where the Governor and Conn-

Papers of the Governors.

1 met them, conflrmpd every thing that waji dellVff^tl f Newcastle, unit dei-lared that on their deliv^^riiig p thi? Prisoners they had taken fnmi the English. ley were ready U.t conclude i;>eoce, bnt upon no other erms. That Tt^edyuscung, oa bi» ]mrt, dt^rlared be m appoioted by trn Nations, meaniag the Flrr Ka^ ons and those who woi*e then Collected at Olahog^n King or Sachem to transact pablick BinifneaH* and lat whatever he did in these Conferem^B it won'd h} itlfled by the Six Nations, who knew and were con ntihg to hi« coming, and waited with irap;itleow hear what reception he and his IVoplt* ^hou'd flu J oni Onas; that he wae vastly pleaM*d to hear from e Oovernop'n own MoutUj before such a largie aoili* in*, tin* ('(iiilirin^iliun of every tJiinjr ttuit wns (l^-liv rd !it lH;ilMJp:o hy Newcasth^ ami with tlw kiinl I iidtu'iil unrl l!n»thrrly r<^*e|t1ion In^ luul met witli. 1(1 tlijit ho \\ou^\\ witlunU *j(4:iy rrMtirn to IHiihit^^iK V iill lli;it hud p;is^cd bi^nire tlu^ Six Xiriions \\h*

I

William Denny. 733

Notwithstanding he loitered for a long while upon the Frontiera of tlie Province, then came back into the Settlements and behaved in a very suspicious man- ner, tampering with some Indians that were at Beth- lehem, persuading them to quit their place of resi- dence, and informing them that a Body of Indians wou'd come in three Weeks and destroy them with the white People, but desired them not to let the white People to know it; for his part he was going to a Nation of Indians far beyond the French, that were in the French Interest.

This conduct of Teedyuscung gives reason to sus- pect the sincerity of his Professions and the truth of his Declarations about his being appointed to be King by ten Nations; and Captain Newcastle, who has bore so considerable a share in this Transaction, and is assuredly a sincere and true friend to the English, shewed a very great uneasiness at being told of this behaviour of Teedyuscung, and earnestly soUicited for leave from this government to go thro' the Prov- ince of New York to Sir William Johnson, in hopes of finding there Scarroyady, Montour, and Daniel Clause, and by them of laying all this matter before Sir William Johnson and the Six Nations, and dis- covering the whole truth.

Had not Newcastle prorated by his own uneasiness on this dilatory and Suspicious behaviour of Teedy uscung, desired to undertake this Journey, I shou'd have requested it of hira, and I have with great readi ness sent him along with a careful Man, with whom he is acquainted, in the Stage Boat to New York, and have ordered him to wait on your Excellency with this Letter, in which I have Minutely set forth this matter and the important part which the bearer. Cap- tain Newcastle, has had in it, and intreat you will be pleased to send him under the care of some safe Per- sons to Sir William Johnson, to whom I make no doubt

^34

Papers of the Governors*

H* will hi* vi*ry Jigre+*ablt\ an lit* nirHi??* witli liim 3 ^tti*r of thi' i^tmw import wiih tliiH, iind my reiimtt o Sir William that as Ut* is now madt* aniuai filed with verytlkiii^ that haw bt*eii Transacted by thin f Jo^<*ni iient ill * onsequenpe of hi» Lt^tttit* lo yim, ht* i^ill ake tht* be^t iiitthoa of layiug it bi*fort* the ^\% Ni ions, and avail hioiiielf of thi* rTitt*lligt*nre whlth tlia louest aod sensible Iiidmn is abh- to ^ivt* him of th«^ lelawart? Tribe and their Coiifedf rates* I hare lli«^ Ton our to he Your Excel lemy*s motist Ol)e<lieat humble Hen ant,

WILIJAM DENKY.

A'tl^r to Sir \\ illiani Johiiscm rcqiK'stiiig^ liiin to An- iiuiinc*^ thu Succession uf William I )ennv tn tht.'

William Denny. 735

largely in your Debt, but I hope nV will be honourably discharged when it is known what it may amount To. I am, Sir, Vour very humbly Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY. August 21, 1756.

To the Assembly concerning measures for the de- fense of the Colony.

GKNTLEMEN: The Secretary will lay before you an Extract of a Tx*tter I received last Night by Express from Lord Loudoun.

You will be i)leased to observe how much all the Colonies, and this Province in particular, are exposed to the immediate attacks of a successfull and implaca- ble enemy.

If the Country is to be saved, it must be the dis- patch and vigour of your resolutions; and I make no doubt but that you will chearfully grant such sup- plies as the Exigency of this important service re- (juires.

May heaven prosper your Councils; and iKmiiit me to remind you it is your duty to enable me to j)rotect the iKM)ple and sii]>p()rt his Majesty's (iov(»rnment at this Critical conjunctuit^.

I also lay befoiv you some Letters from the Fron- tiers, where a speedy reinforcement is absolutely nec- essary to save all from ruin.

WILLIAM DENNY.

47— Vol. II— 4th Sor.

Papers of the Governors*

he Assembly transmitting Copies of the Proprie- tary Instnictions relating to Money bills.

SKTLEMEN: Agreeable to jour Ke^iuest in your Messtage of hie loorning, T now lay before you Copies of tbp >rietary IiiBtruction-s relating to Money Bills*

WILLIAM DEKKY, J gust 31, 175G,

the Assemlily Concerning the Proprietat)* In- structions relative to Money bilU,

I am *:lafl t" lu*ar th«* llniisr* huve tiikeu t\u' k!uin\v Itill!^ into {\h4v i^vvUniH (\m<nlvvni\i.m, nud l*roi»rit*1;irv Instnu'tions on 111 at Snhje<'t. wniiltl Ifcr \\U\i -^n^at Kelinjtanri', rsperially nt this

William Denny.

737

and for providing a Fund to sink the Bills so to be emitted by laying an Excise upon Wine, Rum, Bran dy, and other Spirits," and his Honour commands me to acquaint the House that he will not give hi« Assent to it; and there boing no Person to judge between the Governor and the House in these parts, he will immediately transmit to his Majesty his reasons for so doing.

Sept. 14, 175(5.

An instrument Empowering the Council, or any two of them, in the absence of the Governor, to insert in the blank spacej\ of the Commissions for new Sheriffs and Coroners the names of such of the two persons in the returns for the respective Coun- ties as appear to them to be best qualified.

Y THE HONOURABLE WILLIAM Denny ^ Est/uire^ lAeutenant (rovemor and Comniandfjr- in- Chief of the Prar- ince of Pennsylrania^ and Counth^H of Nerwcastle^ Kent and Snssej'^ on Delaware^ To William Till^ Roln-rf Strettle^ James Hamilton Renjantin Shoem((kei\ Laicrencr Groindtm^ Joseph Turner^ Williain Logan ^ Richard l^eters^ Lynford iMvdnei,, /ienjanri)t Chen^ John Mifflii}^ and ThomuH (^adwallader^ all of the Coun il if the mid J^rorincr and (hunt!f\^^ Estinirrs^ Greeting:

M7ie7ras, by the Charter of Privileges and Laws of the said Province and Counties, the Freemen thereof are empowered, on the first day of October, annually, to meet and ?]lect two P(4*sons in Each County, who are within the Times therein limittod, to be returned in an Indenture to tlie (lovernor for the time being.

Papers of the Governors.

^a1 he nia3\ at \\U itleasure, CoD3mjj!4HU"juateont*of uIT lid lVi"«onti fio returned to execute tlie oftiet* nt ^\m F in eai^li County for the Year next ennuing; Had H

Iso to eleet two other fiersons^i fo he returned and ouimissionated in manner afore**aid, to exeeute tk flice of Coroner for eaeh reBpeetive Couufr for Xht lid Year: And WAereG'S^ the Fn*f*tiieu of the itaid rovince and Counties*, in Cousetiuenee of rlie Charter lid Laws ;iforesiii(], have met m eaeh rt.*iipt»<*tive Cnmv r» and in tlie l*ity of PLilndeliihia, on the day t\m L^fore the day of the date of these l*r€*seuts, and madi* _ Iniiee of two Persons to be returned to me for tlie f iirpo^it^ aforesaid; luit my duty to His Miije«ty* timl rdeut desire to preserve this part of His DoiuiiikjiM. h firl ]»ndiv1 thi' iuuMl T*eopl<^ romniitti^d tn uiy t;if ^airjKl llu' Cnii^l liH-iirsitins and (hiily nniijL^e^ and tir<ii"rs i'MiHiniiti^'l h\ ih(^ Frt'ucli ant] their Hiivsij**^ i*\'m\\\ a tilths im thv l"ronti*-rs of Uy\s Pidviurr, n-it- 'Vlny. H iiltsiilnh^l I nect^ssarv fur mi' Ui visii (Ji*'!*3iiil

William I )ciiny. 739

8eiil Keeper to put the Great Seal to them, hereby ratifying, confirming, and holding effectual all you shall do in the premises, that Justice may be fully Administered.

Given under my Hand and Seal at Arms, at Philadel phia the — day of October, in the Year of Our Ix)rd One Thousand seven hundred and fifty-six.

WILLIAM DENNY.

A Writ for Electing other persons in the room and stead of the members from Chester County dis- abled from serving in the Assembly.

Y THE HONOURABLE WILLIAM Denny ^ Esquire^ Lieutenant Govermor* and Vommander-in- Chief of the Prov- ince of Peniuylvaihia^ and Counties of New- castle^ Kent^ and Sussex^ on De' aware ^

To the Sheriff of the County of Chester^ Greeting:

Whereas^ It ap[#ears by a Resolve of the House of Representatives of the said Province, that Peter Dicks and Nathaniel Pennock, Esquires, elected Representa ti>'es to serve in this Assembly, for the County of Ches- ter, ai^ disabled I'om sitting or serving in Assembly for the ensuing Year, and the Speaker of the said As- sembly hath directed his Order to the Provincial Sec retary to issue a Writt for the election of two Mem- bers, to serve as Representatives in their Room and Stead; You are, therefore, hereby strictly charged and Commanded, within five days ofter the Receipt of this Writt, to <anse to be elect (h1 Two Freeholders of your County of most note f(»r Virtue, Wisdom, and Ability to serve as Representativ(^s in Assembly, in the Room and Stead of the said I'eter Dicks and Nathaniel

^xv/*iiivA-, ai 1 iiiiaaei October, in the Year i

•^

B.V His Honour's (ornui RICHARD I'ETER^

Inaugural Messa

GENTLEMEN: As this is the first i of meeting Yoa in A the Government, and it is for you to sit on the Dispj my duty to his Majesty a of my continuing among ; Bills as you shou'd now terest of your Oonstituen onstrated to you how sii every thing on my part Happiness and security < (rovernment. It is with

William Denny. 741

nient, unless you have any necessary matter to lay before me that can be compleated this day or to-Mor- row Morning.

WILLIAM DENNY. October 21, 1756.

To the Assembly concerning late disturbances on the borders and recommending a Militia law.

GENTLEMEN: I lay before you Accounts of some very late Murders committed on the Borders, even on tho East side Susquahannah, and a Petition from the Neighbouring Inhabitants, praying further Assistance for their Protection. I have likewise additional In telligence from Hbamokin, which makes it very prob- able that several huge Parties of French and Indians are now on their March against different parts of the Frontiers.

These advices make me moi*e and more sensible of the necessity of a Militia Law, which I have so ear nestly recommended to you, and hoyye to have the pleasure of hearing you have made a considerable progress in it.

The Indians now in Town have again applied to me to be sent into the Country; Be please<l, therefore, to come to a determinalion how to dis]>o8<^ of them, either in the Manor of Pennsberry or rlsewhere.

WILLIAM DENNY.

October 24, IToG.

742

To the Assembly concerning Indian Affairs.

GENTLKMKN: I liiive thi« Moruiui^ ret^ivc^ ii Letter givitiju: oie 'an A iron lit IIkiI the ludian Klnir, TetHlyiisc^iinj^* with a uuTuUri- of ludiaiiH was invi ueur Ka^toti, and that one hundred of ihum* who net out with him are waiting in the VVt>odw a Utile lM*yond Fnrt Allen tn know what recejitioti will be *|iven to their Chief,

As Lord Loudoun after l>eing aei|uainted with thv former Treaty held a( Kh^Ioiu hn» lK*en [deasi^d, in a Letter already iai*! lit^fore ymi, to (signify to me in his Majesty'B Name that neither tlie Uovettior nor Governmi^nt of thi?* Prtnint-e «houM eon fer or 'Vnmt wiJb thi* Indiana, but that they shon'd be rc*ferrt*d to 8ir William Johnson who, his LordHbi]^ Hay^, has the t^ole management **f Indian A irair8 eoninutted to him by a sperial ComiuiH- sion from His Majesty, I find myself under very grt-'at' diflficulties, and as I am under a necessity of eoming immediately to a llesohition, I desire you will give me your advice in wliat manner to conduct myself on behalf of this Government, whose security and nearest Interest as well as those of the other Colonies will be deeply affected by the measures now taken.

Mr. Weiser is waiting for Orders to set out for Easton, but cannot be dispatched till I have the Opin- ion of the House.

WILLIAM DENNY.

21) October, 175G.

To the Assembly conveying an Invitation to attend an Indian Conference at Easton.

SIR: The Governor informs the House that he pro- poses to go to Easton to-Morrow% if the Weather will permit, and wou'd be pleased with the Company

William Dcnn} . 743

of any of the ^hnnbeis that the House shall think proper to appoint, to attend the Conferences with the Indian Chief.

To the representatives of the Quakers concerning their offer to assist in furthering peace with the Indians.

THE GOVERNOR HAS CONSIDERED THE AD dress presented him this Morning in behalf of a considerable Number of the People called Quakers, and is willing to receive such goods as the}' shall put into his Hands for the use of the Indians, and deliver them along with the Provincial Pi^sent, in the same manner Mr. Morris did. The Oovernor likewise thanks the Gentlemen for their kind offer of attending the Indian Conference, and shall be glad to see them at Easton. November 3rd, 1756.

Speech to Teeclyuscun^*, king of the Delaware In- dians.

BROTHER: I am going to give you an Answer to what was said by you at Our last Meeting, and would have done it sooner If I had not ex])erted to have seen more of our Indian Brethren here. I shall use the utmost sincerity on my part, and desire you will hearken at tentively. A String.

Papers of the Governors,

observe wiiat you hare said id regard to yom- llhfiil performance of all the matters given you U \ivgL- by this Government when you were last here.

ht^artily thank you for the diligent care you have jen to make known to all the lodiau Nations our |)d dispositions for Peace, and for inviting them Ithis Council Fii^e, and for further Assurances You |de in behalf of those present and of many mom who

absent, even &onie of whom you had little Ex- tationa of, that all will be done in their power to |ug the same to a hajipy issue.

Belt. l>ther; 'on iiavi' (Inns* w* II t^M^Kisids^r the AD<'ient Leaifue^

■ ►Slisflll^ Irnvi'rll \nll ;IM(1 \\\\< < MtVi^rilllh llT ll'tHn llr^ \\ tilsE luMJlJliilii;, 1 i\}U plcjls^'fl tU lll'Jir VnU K,\ Milii srU sii ji llrri iuiijitt^iv ill favnur of thr Hlf^i |Mi^ Inr; lir ^^■]v \\i]\ diS'TMS jl cil lin* li;iiids **[

William Denny. 745

Brother Teedyuscung:

What I am now ^oing to say to you shou'd have been mentioned sometime ago. I now desire your strict attention to it.

You was pleased to tell me the other day that the Lea^e of Friendship made by our Fathers wa» as yet fi*esh in your memory. You said it was made so strong that a small thing would not easily break it. \9 we are now met together at a Council Fire kindled by us both, and have promised on both sides to be free and open to one another, I must ask you how that League of Friendship came to be broken? Have we, the Governor or People of Pennsylvania, done you any kind of Injury? If you think we have, yoil shouM be honest and tell us your Hearts. You should have made complaint before you struck us; for so it wan agreed in our Ancient League. However, now the great Spirit has thus happily brought us once more together. Speak your mind plainly on this head, and tell us if you have nny just cause of Complaint, wiiat it is; That I may obtain a full answer to this Point I ^ive this Belt.

A belt.

November 12, 1750.

A second Speech to Tcedyuscung;. Kinj^ of the Dela- ware Indians.

BROTHER: You expressed your concern for what had hap- pened, wiped the Tears from our Eyes and the blood from our bodies, and having made clean the Council Seat; I heartily thank you for it. I do like- wise wipe your Ey( s, I wash away the Blood from

Papers of the Governors,

rour Bodies iind fvum thv ('uiinv!l Hi^at, liiat tim nay not i^umin the least deli lenient.

A Belt, brother;

I maJie you my acknowledgeoieuts? for ^yuur Umn^ searched our Wounds to the bottom, and the rwkI ■eiinnliei# you have applhHl for their Curi^; and I pmT lie greiit Ci*eator uuiy ble»?i^ uur inutiml eudenvuiira, hut they may be so effectually heoled aa not to leEve )ehind tbein the h^a&t sear or ever break out agHJit vlulBt the lUvers Knii or thi? Sun and Moon gh e hglit o the Earth.

A Belt, brother;

As to \yh;it you silt of the MesBap* deli\rrrd lo il VS i<MiiiTi{r by rhiiiles lli-oadhend. the tHivrruor (ltd Hend liini, nnd 1 <on\] havt^ wishi^l yon hm] seui snmv if yuur own Pt'opl** to nu* an so \vri*iliTy an ucrat^itm; kud lot' I til- I'lHin'i- [ iiiust i-jiutiun \uii imiI fo [lenrkrii

2

William Denny. 747

Brother:

As 1 conceive this Belt to be your authority for oeting at this Council Pire in behalf of the Minisink Indians, who only came part of the way, I will keep it and put it into the Council Bag, being glad to hear they have put their Hand to the Belt I sent, tho' I sbou'd have been better pleased to have seen them here. Brother:

You gave me hopes of another visit. Assure your self it always gave me pleasure to receive you, and any other of our Indian Friends with you. Your kind offer of giving me timely notice of the approach of an Enemy, is an incontestable proof of the Warmth of your Heart for me, and as you have so freely offered it, I shall ever have an entire dependance upon you; and whatsoever persons are sent with Intelligence of this^ sort shall be handsomely ivwarded. I exi)ect and desire you will give the same Intelligence to any other (rovernor whose Country you a]>])rehend to be in Dan- ger, as all the Ene:lish are of the same flesh and blood, and subjects of the same King.

Gave a large String. Brother:

I am very glad vou have been as good as your word in coming down to the Council Fire, which was kin- dled on this particular occasion. I believe you have used your best endeavours, with great faithfulness, to effect everything you undertook. I heartily agree to the peace u^i you have proposed it, provided all the English Colonies be included in it. But we cannot agree to make peace for this Government alone, and leave you at Liberty to continue the war with our Brethi-en of the Neighbouring Colonies, for we, the English, are all subjects of one great King, and w«»

748 Papers of the Governors.

iiin»t, for the future, be all at peace or all at war with other Nations at the same time.

A Belt. Brother:

You may remember it was stipulated in the Confer enees, last summer, that all the Prisoners you had taken shou'd be brought to this Council fire and there delivered up; and as you have only delivered up five Prisoners, and 1 am sure more have been taken I desire to know why they have not been brought; they are our own tle«h and blood, and we cannot be easy whilst they are kept in Captivity.

A String. Brother:

You have o|)en'>d your Heart, and shewn us th** reasons you thought you had for differing with us; You have done well in Speaking so plainly on that liead, but you shou'd have made your Complaint to us before you lifted your Hand to strike, and that nii^ht liave pn^veiited tin* mischief. When the Great Creator made Man \w jjjave him a Tonjj;ui» to complain of wrongs, two Ears to hear a Brother's rom[)laints>. and Iwo Hands t(» do him Justice by removing tln' Cause; All these were* iiuide before the Hatchet, and shou'd be tirst used. Had the* Man in your Compari son, whose Pip<» was taken from him, said, ''Brother, you took my IMpe from me at such a time, and I nius»t liav(» Satisfaction," his Brother might have answert^d. "T did not think you valued a lMi>e so much; do not let US dirter abonf ii small matter; liere, Brother, tak** two of mine. That this mt^thod, agi'eable to our an- cient Treaties, may ho remembered, and rom])laints always made by yon to us. or by us to you, in a Piib lick Manner, and dnstici^ dt^nanded before we strike. I <j:iv(» yon this Stiinp:.

A Strinjr.

\

William Denny. 749

Brother:

I am but lately come {tmong you; the Grievances you mention are of Old Date. If former Indian Kings have, as you say, sometimes sold more land than they had a right to sell, and in so doing they injured us, and we as well as you have cause to complain of them; But sometimes, tho' they sold more than their own, they sold it fairly, and it was honestly paid for by the English; yet when the Indian Children grow up they may forget that their Fathers sold the Lands and divided the Goods, and some evil Spirit, or bad Mah, that Loves to make mischief, may tell them the Land is still yours, your Fathers never sold it, the Writingi^ are false. Moreover, many People, both English and Indians, concerned in the former purchases of I^ands are now dead, and as you do not understand Writings and Records, it may be hard for me to satisfy you of the Truth, tho' my predecessors dealt ever so up- rightly; therefore, to shew our sincere desire to heal the present ditferonees and live in eternal peace with our Brethren, tell me what will satisfy you for the Injustice you suppose has been done you in the pur- chase of Lands in this Province, and if it be in my power you shall have immediate satisfaction, whether it be justly due to you or not. The Good People of this Province are ready and willing to open their Hands and help me by contributing freely to this good work; Or, if you are not impowered to receive such Satisfaction at this Time, or have not the Convenience to carry away the goods that may be given you on that Account, then I vvill lodge the goods in such Hands as you shall appoint till you bring to our next meetini: your old Men of the several Nations who may have a right to share in the division of those Goods, where they shall be ready to be delivered to them and you. This may be done at a Council Fire to be rekindled at Philadelphia for you and us, or here, as you shall

Papers of the Guvcmurs.

\Bitj when we ex|Krf and insist that you bring cjowti the riismiers that still ^'emain in yimr Ccmiitr>\ -\nd as yuii uifaitLon (Jrievauci*« front the ni'igh uriiig Goveramt^nts, 1 make no donht, but mi \tni{m iplimtiun, yon will have tlio utmuHt Jimtln* dont* 11 ; and if 1 can be of uny l^i.*rviv^ lu yon in uiakin;^ ' appliiatiou, H will give me great i*k*a»*nre, lu tiiaony wlieivof I y:\\i.' you this iielt. other;

Vou told iii^ last Summer that foriuH^ly there wi ny Indian Chiefs who made Tivaties, some in out' ice and »onie in ;uiother, from whence taijiundir mdingB had often amae. It was m> formerly with *: Eri^^Usli *J<jvt'iTiuitoits. earh Tiiinh- Whl or Vvnw \h I lie Indiana hii it self; fhi*y vvt^x- mil aiiiird in 'Hi.' j^j'eal Attnii'sah snbjerls ef the ^ajiie Kiu^^ i>a*;hr ]je, and so were mmU weakef; Oiii- wisr Kia;^ Ikis vv (iiih ird ihiu^s lieller and put all ladiaa AITairs

William Denny. 751

work of IVace will never be brought to it» just per- fection.

A Belt. Brother:

The good People of this Province affected with the distresses which their Brethren the Indians must needs suffer in this severe season for want of Cloaths and other necessaries, have furnished me with a quantity of Goods, to the \alue of Four Hundred Pounds to supply their wants; a large part of them is given by the People called Quakers, who are the Descendants of those who came over with William Penn, as a par- ticular Testimony of their regard and affection for the Indians, and their earnest desire to promote this good work of Peace.

November 15, 1756.

A third Speech to Tccdyuscung, King of the Dela- ware Indians.

BROTHER: Only one thing of what was said Yesterday, re- quires an answer, which I am now going to give you.

By this String you desired me to make application to the Governor of Jersey, that the Fence might be broke down which confined the Indians, and that they or some of tliem might have liberty to go into the Indian Country and corresipond with their Relations and Friends as formerly, and pai*ticularly to obtain this Liberty for one Philip.

The I'rovince of Now Jersey, you know, is a different Oovernment from this; I will use my best endeavours with the Governor to grant your recjuest, but I appre-

48— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

52 Papers of the Governors,

end I Blmll meet wUh tlm Piffii-nlty, thfii a^ voii Imve 3nie of their People I^risonern with you, before* tb^ rant your retiuest, they will L^Xfuut these stiAJI li** 3tiiriied, w hich I think wou-d be ailvmeahlo fur yi»ti to f>; partieiilarly yoii have with you a Boy, whose namt^ I liiint, taken neni" Faulin*!* Kihu in ihur I'roviDiT,

hone Mother is now hfve, and retiui«4t^ \v^ may b** *nt down among the ttrst

A Sttiagi

Brother: T consider yon aft a Counsel hir and Agt-*iit f this Ppovinee, and Jifl such, obliged to a^tftt us al! ou ean. By thit^ String I eotitirm your uppotDtmeuL

A String. irothor:

As our rHsoners Tiiny sulTer Tor Mm it of rinniha and ther necrssiiries tti Hi is sevt^rc SrMsou, we n»u'd wish > liilve tliem aw 7.0011 ns ]iossibli\ jhm! to Th;il 4*h«i rt»poso to K^nd witli y<j|j two Messrii^^ors who iit;iv oIUm'I ilum to^fclhor iithI lirlii*: lliooi do\\ii; ntn\ I i\i-

{

leuL

J

William Denny. 753

who ai'e scattered .md distressed in these Ti'oublesome times, will come and live near it; there they will be protected from the- French; there they will have u large uninhabited Country to Hunt in; and there they may be furnished with Cloaths and all other Neces- saries of Life at the easiest Rates.

A String. Brother:

You know that the last Treaty the Road was opened for us to go to each other; I now give you this Belt to preserve the Communication free and clear of all obstructions; let there be nothing in it that can hurt the Feet, or wound the Body of either.

A Belt. Brother:

Since I set out, I have heard of the Death of several of our Indian Friends by the Small Pox, at Philadel- phia, and particularly Capt. Newcastle is Dead, who was very instrumental and joined with you as agent ' in carrying on this good Work of Peace. I wipe away your Tears; I take the Cirief from your Hearts; I covtT the Ciraves; eternal rest be with their Spirits.

A String of Wampum, eleven Black Strouds, with some Handkerchiefs. Brother:

Peace is now settled between us by the Assistance of the most high; but the Indians in the French Interest still commit murders on the Frontiers, and our Sol- diers are in pursuit of them. I desire you will order your Young Men not to straggle about, but keep in the said path to your Towns, so that they may not be mistaken by our Soldiers for French Indians.

November 17, 175G.

754

Tu the Assembly transmitting several ilems of

business.

GENTLEMEN; I tHniimiiiiitafi* ta yon a 14*1 k*r froiu Ja*v^ l-oii* doiin, demanding Qiuuiers for a Hat tn Hon of Uayui Auieriean^ and two Indof^toiidtfiit Coin|Kiiiii>fi. I dc-sin* you will eoable me fdrthuith to proTidt* theni, a Quar ternui&ter bein^ every day expected to regulatt* tbar Service.

I now lay before you an Eistiiuate for tbe Exiyenees of tht* Current Yf^ar. my latt^* Jonrnt^y and Bu&me^ ai EaHtou haviiii^ pri'vpoted ine from doiti^ it no Booa 88 I rou*d have wish4.*d*

1 re tivl V ei I 1 ty vx \ * v\ ^i4« the Ia^H in* h e 1 1 * w i i h bti •« f f mu) Guvei'Uor Sharp* Ini'loKiiijr the Kxatoitiatinii of odv Williani Johnson, which IntelHgt^ntn^ is* of iHieli Cult* se*|uenee to thi« tjoimfry as well deserves your utten tion.

WILLIAM DENNY. 24 November, 1756.

To the Assembly concerning the Proprietary instruc- ... tions.

GENTLEMEN: In compliance with your la»t Message I send you the only one of the Proprietary Instructions of a public nature in any wise relating to matters of Legislation which have not been already laid before you.

I am as sincerely disposed as you are to avoid De- lays, and will mo«t readily give my A-ssent to such Bills when laid before me as shall be thought for the

William Denny. 755

good of bis Majesty's Service and the Defence of this Country.

The Conferences at Easton are Copying and shall be sent you as soon as they are finished.

WILLIAM DENNY.

26 Nov'r, 1756.

To the Assembly vetoing An Act for extending sev- eral sections of an Act for punishing Mutiny and Desertion and for the better payment of the Army and their Quarters.

GENTLEMEN: I am sorry to find myself at this critical Time under the necessity of sending back your Bill, en- tituled "An act for extending several sections of an Act of Parliament, in the twenty-ninth Year of his Majesty's Reign, entituled *An Act for punishing mu- tiny and Desertion, and for the better payment of the Army and their Quarters.' " This Bill being the same as that lately repealed by His majesty in Coun- cil, with this only difference that the Preamble is left out, and the Substance thereof, which is Chiefly ob- jected to in the Repeal, is inserted in the Body of it by extending the twenty-fourth Section of the said Act of Parliament.

WILLIAM DENNY. 7th December, 1756.

To the Assembly recommending immediate provision for quarterins^ His Majesty's troops.

GENTLEMEN: Since your Message of Yesterday Evening I am well informed from the strictest enquiry, that the quarters demanded by My Lord Loudon for the Offi

;6 Papers of the Governors,

era and Boldiers that arc every moment cxpiTtiHll annot be hud iu the pubUi U HouwtB of (hm City. Tlte^ lill now befoi*e nu^ bfing therefcuv in^itlllcieat to aofl wcr the end proiujsed l>y it, and tlir y^iu^ai Inconvem- aees that may aiise if pni|ir*r QnaittHJ^ are iiol pro ided for the reception of hm Majr^ty'w Troofm beiiii^ videntj I muBt in the warmt^st Terms recommend it 3 you to make immediate Provisicui Uw that Sen let?*

WILLIAM DEKKY. 8th Deceml>er, 1756.

i

.etter to Sir William Johnson Concemtnp: Tnditin AfTairs.

1*hikKh*lplliM, DrriMlllMT tS, llTn, 1 I mnv wit duwn Ni iirkatJwJ^'dLri' vnnr ^jliHtnti^

William Denny. 757

them is for the general Service, and entirely referred to you and the Blx Nations, before whom we promised to lay the proceedings for your Consideration and approbation, and I am in hopes you will be able on the foundation of Peace already laid, to fix these In- dians in his Majesty's Interest, and by proper encour- agements engage them to bring over others. I look upon Teedyuscung us the Chief of the Busquehannah Delawares, and one who is regarded by the Indians now settled at Diahogo, who are a Colle^^ion of Dela- wares, Shawonese, Mohicons, and some of the fugitive Six Nations who were formerly on the Ohio, and re- moved to the head branches of Susquehannah, on the French intimidating and corrupting the Ohio Indians after the unfortunate defeat of General Braddock.

One thing gives me concern, that as the Chief pro- I>o»ed another Meeting in the Spring, the acceptance of his proposal cou'd not well be avoided, especially as some Grievances in the Transactions of the Pro- prietaries with tlieiii about Purchases of Indian Lands had been mention(»d, and it was proper in order to remove all cau-se of uneasiness to give them an early opportunity of laying before us their Complaints, and if made good of receiving Satisfaction; but tho' it may l>e proper they shou'd come into this Province on this occasion, yet I desire you will take upon you to fix a time with these Indians, that it may not interfere with the Commands of Lord Loudoun, When they can best be spared, I shou'd be glad to see them, and not be- fore. 1 have ai)point(*d a Committee of the Council to search into the aiTair particular complained of, and their Report shall be transmitted to you, on which I shall request your observations and Advice in what manner to ])roceecl, so as to effect an entire recon- ciliation. ' »1 ""

You will, I imagine, be very much surprized to find these Indians complaining of Injustice against the

8

Papers of the Governors.

loiJiietaries. and niiilcing it tlie Cause why the blow Itne lieaviei* upon this l*iovini'e. as you hare at m^x* In I Times oxi>n*i^s!y ('iilk^ upon them to let you know ]they had received from this Proviue** any juftt eatiae otrenee. ;ind they have as often declared they were IduL-ed h\ the Artifites of the French, but whether Icame from theriL nv was put into their Heads, after ley had thoiij^dit proper to it; a^ the Commissioners l<i brought up a large quantity of Goods with them, lo many to^^ive to ye small number present thej lou^^ht it best to inake a quick end of the Complaint lid to oifer them an immediate present, and their Idvnce weighed with me to take that measure tho- [was then and am feitill of Opinion when the matter Imes to be emiiiirf^d into, the Proprietaries wil! }w Inuil 1(1 have (Inn.- 1hr-iii hn iiijniy. 1 am, Sir, IVourhMisi Ohi^li^'iH and im^sl jnnnbli* S^rvjiin.

William Denny. 759

to join their Parties in their Incursions on our Fron- tier». The Government, apprized of this cruel and unexpected Procedure of the Delawares, sent a Remon- strance to Sir William Johnson, to be laid before the great Council of the Six Nations, in which it was in- sisted that, agreeable to their Treaties, they should call these independent Indians to Account, and oblige them to desist further Hostilities; and accordingly the Six Nations did interpose their Authority, and insisted that their Nephews should lay down the Hatchet with which they had ungratefully struck their Brethren of Pennsylvania, and return to their antient and, till then, uninterrupted Friendship with them. In consequence of which, Overtures of peace were made first at Dia- hogo, and afterwards at Easton, in July last; but the Indians not bringing with them their Prisoners, as was insisted upon and expected by this Government, a further Meeting at Easton was propost^d and agreed to, and Teedyusc!ung coming there with his Indians, by the advice of (Jouncil and Assembly, I went to con fer with him.

You will pleases to observe, that, in the Course of those Confei^iices, the Chief has warmly sollicited me to use my good Otlices with you that the Indians now living in your Province may have Liberty, if they please, to go and visit their Relations and Friends in the Indian Country, using the Road opened thro' this Province to Oiahogo, whence they may return again to their former Residence, whenever they chuse it. The Chief thinks when the Indians come to set* one another, and know how friendly those in your Province have be(»n treated, it will dispose them to Peace, and (^nable him to gain over large Numbers. He particularly desired this Favour for one of you Indians called Philip, who it seems has been put into Prison, but released, and lives now along with the other Indians.

Papers of the Governors,

A€ Tet^dyiistning uunlv the stT(ingc*s!;t A»»urfnien# fcing all in lijs Power to eiicrcaste tlie Niinil><*r nt His ajesty's Friends, I think it would be for the puMk *rvife if tJieir tlequ€^t bo eomplied %^ith» flnd tli<«**' QOngiit Yon be i^ermitted to visit th^^ir Friendu on e RasKiuehannah ; and in eaee You shiill be ol tfae nw Opinion, and ^tiall givo such as are wilting to go mr Pass^korts and Recommendations to me. I f^hall >t fail to protect and asfiist tli<?iii in their Journey* You will be pleas^cMl to obsen^p furthiT* that th^fi! idlaas bave r^iues^ented the I*e*iple of your Pi^vinc^, » well as Others, in an unfavourable Mannc^r, as not iving done them Justice with reBiK^ct to thc^ir I^mdit. nd as You will think with me, that if the Indtani ivt> any jns^t Causes of romplalnt. it wiU be tbt^ het- V the f*oon<*r thi^sr are heard and diMrniiitiiHl. I nin M'Muafled tlu\v will not wan I yotir lM*iit advft'** wud ssisl;inrt% whenLner tlu^y ajiply 1o Yon on Hfirh ih- Lfiion.

I

William Denny. 761

ed Quarters within thia City for a Battalion of the Royal American Regiment, consisting of a thousand Men, and an Independant Company consisting of one hundred Men; And Whereaa^ Billets have been given by the Mayor of the said City on the Public Houses therein, agreeable to the Directions of an Act of As- sembly of this Province in that case lately made and provided, for Forty-Seven Officers and Five Hundred Soldiers, Part of the said Battalion and Company al-' ready arrived, but it appears by the Report of the Commanding Officer that the said Public Houses can- not accommodate and furnish with the Necessaries di- rected by the said act a greater Number than

; And Whereas^ His Majesty, by his Princiiml Secretaries of State, bath commanded me to use my utmost Diligence and Authority in procuring an exact Observance of such Orders as should be is- sued from time to time by the Commander-in-Chief for quartering such Troops tis should arrive or be raised within this Government. These are, therefore, in His Majesty's Name, to authorize and command You forthwith to provide proper Quarters for the R4»-' mainder of the said Troops, and an Hospital for their Sick, or Houses contiguous to one another in lieu thereof, within the said City, according to the Demand made by the Officer commanding the said Battalion, hereunto annexed. Hereof You are not to fail, as you will answer the same at your Peril; And all Justices of the Peace and otlier Officers, Civil and Military, are hei-eby re<iuired to be aiding and assisting to You in the Execution of the Premises.

Given under my Hand and S(»al at Arms at Philadol- l)hia, this Sixt(M.^nth Day of December, in the Year of our Lord One Thousand Sovoii Hundred and Fifty- Kix, and in the Thirtic^th Year of the Reign of hi^ present Majesty.

WILLIAM DENNY.

ID2

Papers of the Governors.

f o the Assembly recommending immediate provision for quarlering the King's troops.

KKThEMEN:

The King's Troops niuat be i|uartei^. Witli re spect to the Insufficiency of the late Act, i rdts

luu to HI J Me^yage of the Eighth lustiint^ deliveral Irnniediately befott* the paBsing of it; and I si* no llcitson from any Thing that has oecuned since to altef f\y Opiaion.

WILLIAM DENNY. December 18, 1756-

^knt[j:mi:n:

William Denny. 763

The Gentlemen of the Assembly who have been so long in Town must know, or might easily have been informed, of the State of the Publick Houses; however, I now acquaint You that Sixty-Two Beds are actually wanted for One Hundred and Twenty-Four Men who lie upon Straw, and Quarters for the Recruits who arrive every Day.

WILLIAM DENNY.

Monday, Twelve a'Clock, Dec. 20, 1756.

Further to the Assembl\ concerning the quartering of the King's troops.

GENTLEMEN: The Magistrates, at my repeated Instances, with Quarter Mastc-r of the Troops, have been and are still insiK^cting the Publick Houses and settling the Quarters; and as soon as I shall receive their Return, I will lay it before you. I am glad to find at length you have agreed to take proper Measures to supply the Deficiency in case the Publick Houses are not able to I>rovide Quarters for the Number of Officers and Men demanded.

That you may not mistake me, when I say no other Necessaries are required for the Soldiers than what are specified in the Act of Parliament, which is meant only in their Quarters, and in Time of Peace, I think it proper to uK^tiou* the several Provisions to be made respecting these Articles, which his Majesty moreover requin^s, your Mother Country expects, ami Lord Loudoun has demanded, in several Letters laid before you, namely, that you do provide for all such (Charges as arise from furnishing Quarters and Nec- essaries allowed in Quarters by A(!t of Parliament,

54 Papers of the Governors. 1 fiiniUlHiig Carriages, Sloops, and all other necei. iiry Ml^ius of Couvejance for His Majesty's Troops, , heuever sueh Troops be stationed wUliio, or shall e marching through this Province, and likewise Lodg ;ig and such other Necessaries as are furnished in hiarters in Great nritain in Time of War. I am pleaded to heai- that a Guard Room, Store ouse, and Hospital are already provided. If nuy thing further should be demanded bj Lord -oudoun^ T shall iuimediately at^quaint you with it, WILLIAM DENNY. !)*( ember 21, IT5fi.

i if]nny and ll^u:L^nl'i'- fnr tJK- wiw :ii!^iiin-\ \]w

William Denny. 765

Directions to put the Forts into the best Posture of Defence they would admit of, and I wish your Lord- shop would be so good as to permit him to return to this Place when he can be spared to give the neces- sary Orders with regard to some other Places he has not seen; a Fort is also intended to be built on an Island which commands the narrows of Delaware and the Mouth of Schuylkill.

In different Journeys, both in this Province and other Governments, I have warmly recommended to the Magistrates and other Gentlemen to further and encourage the liecruiting Service to the utmost of their Power, and whenever the OflScers have applied to me I have given them all possible Assistance.

I wish the Assembly had supplied the Levy Money for the Number of Men raised in this Province; they were earnestly pressed by me to do it; however, they have at length published an Advertisement to certify to the Masters of indented Servants now enlisted to bring in their Accounts, and tho' this has not been notified to nie in Form, yet I suppose they will defray this Expence, which would have had a much better Grace if it had b(^u done sooner.

I recommend to the Assembly to pass an Act for a general Embargo of Provisions, under such Penal- ties as would render the same effectual, but finding nothing done of vhis sort in the Eastern Colonies mon* than exacting Bonds in One Thousand Pounds Sterling for the Landing Provisions in English Ports, which is likewise carefully insisfted on here, they have not, that I know of, come to any Resolutions.

With Respect to his Majesty's Orders and your Lord- ship's Prohibition against treating with Indians, I found myself under very disagreeable Circumstances. A Treaty was begun by Governor Morris before my Arrival with some Delaware Indiana living on the Sasquehannah, an<l a Time and Place appointed for

i Papers of the Governors,

lither Meetinir, >vlieii, by stipulation, tlu* lt)diaM ve to deliviT ii[> t\U the PrigtmerM the_v bud taki-n, i likewise hrin^f down iiior** of th(*ir Nations, aud tiiy more are f^xpected to join them, whose good ception might eni-rease the Nmiti»eT of fli^ Majesty's lends and Allies. Matters being thus previongly posed, I was at a Loi^si what to do, e**peiiallj as thi^ ifion would not allow Time to consult your Lord- pj who had then left xVlbaoy to go to the Army. I, j 'i^fore, consulted the Council and Asfiemblj, befomi lom 1 Ifiid jour LordBhlp'^ Letter, and they wep^J aniuiously of Opinion that it would be for Hr» Ma- J ty-s Interest 1 should go and re^x-ive thes*^ lu* iU^l and on their Advice 1 went and held the CoaJ ences, a Detail of which it wnll not be necessary tnr ' Ni iiUt' vuuv L<»[t1sliiji. i\^ ;i|] Vsi\^ n^ferred in Sir" illiinu Julmwiin, t<» wIhuu I hav<^ s(^tjt a t\>p\ nf tW nretnUu^s. Tli<* .M<*s^s;t^t*s (MMilaiiiin;: I lie anivi^'r nf * AsKcmlilv ar'e iui losnl. willi mv h*Mh^r hi Sir W 11

William Denny. 767

me, the same in Effect with one repealed by His Majesty the preceding .Year, which obliged me to re- ject it; but tho' the House dropped the Part to which His Majesty's Attorney-General of England had made his principal Objection, yet they insisted on laying the whole Burthen of Quarters on the Publick Houses; and as it was so far good as to such Quarters as could be had in the Public Houses, I therefore passed it; but not without acquainting them, at the same Time, that these Houses were, upon the Strictest Enquiry, report- ed to be insufficient, and desiring a further Provision should be immediately made. This brought on a De- bate between the House and me, which, however disa- greeable, has had so good an Effect as to have gained from them a Promise to provide such Quarters as can- not be had in the Publick Houses.

The Assembly have found the Incon\'enienres I often mentioned to them, of not settling the Quarters earlier, and it was the more necessary as the People here were Strangei^s to the (juartering Troops in Time of War.

A Guard Room, Store House, and a good Hospital are provided.

I have the Honour to be, My Lord,

Your Lordship's most obedient humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

To the Assembly concerning- the request of the Con- esto^c^oe Indians for Clothing.

GENTLEMEN: The Conestoji:«M* Indians have acquainted m(» that they want Cloaths, and de«ire they may have further Supply, which you will be pleased to order,

49— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

ly be «t'nt tbt:*m forthwith, that they may not sutler Ithiij severe Seai>uD. .

WILLIAM I>EKNY. l24 December, 175G.

Jtter to Lord Loudoun concerning the quartering of the King's troops,

rhiladtlphiaj 2fith December, 175(i. V LOUD:

1 have the Honour of your Lordship's Letter of

the Tweiity-StH'omL by Express, Yesteiday in the

Iteruooii; and after liaviug consulted I^ieuteuant Col-

0 liouiiiu^t, 1 apiJlh'd fn iiu^ CoiiiniTt^stoiiH-a, ap-

uh il l>y I lie t iovrritiJH III \*t <lt^i»ut?r, willi wiy A ppl^

iiuh. of Ihr l*uh]itk MiHU'V, Tuf a lihal aii^wi'r \wili

\nn[ \ti I lie l^)iiai li IS. 'rinv Ii;ivr sal ilus h;l^ nii

AlliMC, and In aijjiln rrrri\r<i \\\f^ i]ii!i!S(^il Aii^vv«i,

William. Denny. 769

ship^s Arrival here would be to him, who is with thi» sincerest Esteem and Affection,

Your Lordship's most faithful and obedient humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

Letter to the Provincial Commissioners recommend- ing an Allowance for obtaining Intelligence and sending Occasional Messages.

Philadelphia, 29th December, 1756.

GENTLEMEN: Mr. Croghan, who has a Deputation from Sir William Johnson to manage Indian Affairs for this Part of the North^^rn District, has proposed for the immediate Service of this and the other Colonies to send one or two Messengc^rs to the Sasciuehannah In- dians at Otsanin^o, and to Teedyusouug at Diahogo, to come to meet him at Han'is^ Ferry, where he will endeavour to engage some of the most skilful and dis- creet of them to go to the several Shawoneae and Del- aware Tribes of the* Ohio Indians, in order to sound their Inclinations with respect to this Province, and if they shall be found well disi>osed, then to invite them to a Couferen( e in the Spring, at some Place to be left to their Choice. As Money will be wanted for this Service, I reiomniend it to you to allow a Part out of the Remainder of the Thirty Thousand Pounds to defray the Expences which will accrue by these Messagf^s and the intended Necessaries at Harris'. This, wnich requin^s immediate Dispatch, is, I think, of so much Consequence as to merit a Preference to

Papers of the Governors,

ollh*r Alatt**!-:^: it ii* necessarj that this Affair lild \h- kept mon^'t. |;nu, <f<mtlpm<^H. Your very humble Br^rvant,

WILLIAM DENNY, r the PrtniiK Jul rommistii oners.

|the Depnly Agent of Indian Affairs concern- ing an allowance far hiring messengers,

PhiUKWlphiaj 4th Januai^, 1T5T. Ill:

Vtju wjis phased t(i let me know in Council at the

I'hur v<Mir LrlT'i' (if I hr l:>lli nf las! Miiiifli was r rmisidri al iiiLi. iluil um t[inu;:lH ii uuiild he ]nr

LMajislv's Sriun- tl I lie MrctiuL: j-ntpuriiMl in liii' 'I'i'cals ar J^ashih ^lnnild Iw laHil ia HaOn'-iiaaiuL:

|lairl(. a^ iM!isi ruji V( nij-ni iur Lnrii Louilianrs \i

William Denny. 771

out of their Power to order the Sum necessary for this Service.

I am, Sir, your humble Servant.

WILLIAM DENNY. To George Croghan, Esquire.

To the Deputy Agent of Indian affairs, commis- sioning him to send messengers to Diahogo.

Philadelphia 8th January, 1757.

SIR: The Assembly have acquainted me that they have resoh'ed to provide for the Expence of sending Messengers to Diahogo; You may therefore proceed on this Business whon and in what manner you shall think most conducive to his Majesty's Siavice, letting me know what you do therein.

Please wait on the Speaker, who will be so good ai^ to advance what shall be wanted at present, for which you will be accountable. According to your Desire, I have signed blank Passports for the Messengers whom you shall (Muploy. They shou'd be furnished with little Flags, according to a Pattern left with Mr. Fleeson, the TTpliolsterer. I heartily wish you Success in your Negotiations.

I am, Sir, Your most humble Servant,

\VILLIAM DENNY. To George Croglian, Esq'r.

Papers of the Governors,

the Assembly recotiiniending an act for U)ilig

■ n Embargo on vcs!icls carrying provisitms. ac- ordtni;^ to the Kinj^'s directions.

ENTLEaiEN:

* In *>lK*dii'nr t* in TTIh Mnjesty's ConiinaDds, I rtn- oiiitiu-ndi^d to vuii, ini the Nineteentli of October r, to prepare a Bill for an Embargo on Ves^eli* f ar* ig Prnvimons undpr Bncb Penal tit»6 aa might reniier

muwv otfr>rtuaK T have lately romvi*tl a lA'ttrr (n the KJ^lit Honorable the Uwdfn ronuinHftiont^n* (or tde and Plantations, poraniunienting f Ii?i MajPBty'g tber Orders In me 'Hhat an Knibarj2:o bt^ biid. dur-

tbe King's Pleasure, Upon ;U1 Bhips and Ve«^^ I ring out with 1 Provisions from any Port or Plare ItiiL tluH <Torrrinnrnt, oxf<.^pt tlios^Mvlii^ii sliuulil b'* (jIiivimI in rarrvdi^ I'rrniHitmK to ^iiiv nthrr of His j(/sl\'s Tnlonip^N/' ^vn. Tills T^^'tli^r I uaw ]:\\ hv r vou. ;inil <nu\^ nioro demrv an Afl'inr iif this \m

William Denny. 773

employed in carrying them to some other of His Ma jesty's Colonies and Plantations, &ca., in which case certain BondB are to be entered into, as therein par- ticularly mentioned. This Letter I have laid before the Assembly that the Embargo may be enforced by Law, and in the mean time, you will take care that such Bonds be executed, and every thing enjoined in the said Letter punctually observed before any such Vessels are cleared.

I am. Sir, Your very humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

Warrant for the Execution of Charles Jegler alias Seigler, under sentence of death for the murder of his servant maid Rosina Holdersinger.

GEORGE THE SECOND, BY THE ( Trace of (rod^ of Great Britain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faiths and no forth. To the Sheriff of th£ City of Philadelphia^ in mir Pr(fV- hwe of Pennmjlvania, Greeting:

Whereas,, At Our Court of Oyer and Terminer, and General Gaol Delivery, held at Philadelphia, for the City and County of Thiladelphia aforesaid, the Twenty Fourth and Twenty-Fifth days of September, and the Eighth day of October, in the Thirtieth Year of Our Reign, l)efore William Allen, Lawrence Growdon and Caleb Cowpland, Esipiires, our Justices, &ca., Charles Jegler of the said County of Philadelj^hia, Apothecary, was indicted, arrnigned, tried, and convicted of the Murder of Uosiua IToldersinger, in of Philadelphia County afor(»said, S])inster, and for the said Murder, the said Chnrles Je^dcr, did at our Court, receive f*en- tence of our said Court, that he should be led to the

H

Papers of the Governors.

riBoii from wh€?iief* he came?, from tliencc to (lie p] r Exteutiou, and there he liatij^id by Ihr iuhU n e l^edcad^ as in imd by the Iterord^ of our said Couri elation being thereunto had)> mure full) at^in-nrsM f whieh Senteuee, Exeeiitioii yet remaineth to ]w 3ue, These are, there foi^% lo refjuire and ('ommattd m to see and cause the said Beiitenee to be exe€iitt*d ;>ou the said Chtu Uti Jegler, at the iijiiial i>biee within le city of Philadelphia, on \\'ednesdiiy, beitig tlif weutySixth day ot this iu^tnnt* January, ljetwi«cifl| le Lloni^ of TVn iu the Forenoon, and Two Ui Wu^ fternoon of the ^ume Ihiy^.with fuU EtTect, bb yoti ill answer the Jfeglect hereof ot your Peril; And wt' >mmand all onr Officers, and Others our Bnhji^cntii illiiii nin* FuUl l*i*i\\nii.\ to hv uiditi^; iiud assist ir*;,^ I yon ill tills Serviee,

/r* Te^thfu^iiij trltt f'i'4if\ \W' hiive raus^Ml tlie L(*si<*T *a] nT fMii'siij^l I'roviiK'f^ to h\' hereunto ntlixcdl \Vi( '!S!^, Wlllinni l>i'ri!iv, Eis(inire, T.ient(>Tiant <liivrruiK'

William Denny.

775

Proclamation for a further suspension of hostilities on the East Side of the Susquehanna.

BY THE HONO URABLE WILLIAM DENNY, Enquire^ Lieutenant Governor and Corrmnander- i 7} -Chief of the Pravinoe of Petinsylvaiiia^ and Comities of NeiocastUs Kent, and Sussex, on Dela/tvare,

A PROCLAMATION.

. Whereas, the Measures now taking, as well by Sir William Johnson, in Conjunc- tion with our Friends and Allies the Six Nations, as by this Government, to bring about an Accommodation with the Sa»- (luehannah Indians, are not yet brought to a Conclusion, and the Time limited in my Proclamation of the Tenth of Septem- ber last past for a Cessation of Arms l>eing expired, I have, by and with the Ad>ice of the Council, judged it proper to continue a Suspension of Hostilities on the East Side of the Kiver Sasquehannah for the Space of Fifty Days from the Date hereof: Pn/cided, nevertheless, that this, my I'rodamation for a further Suspension of Hostilities, shall not extend, or be construed to extend, to hinder, prevent or restrain any Officers or Soldiers, whether in Gariison or not, or any of the Inhabitants within this Province, from defending themselves, or attack- ing, annoying, killing, or scalping any Enemy Indians who shall be found committing any acts of Hostility against any of the Forts or upon any of His Majesty's Subjects within this Province.

Given under my Hand and the Great Seal of the said Province at Philadelphia, the Thirteenth Day of January, in the Year of our Lord One Thousand

To the Assembly vetoing < Majesty the sum of one hi

GENTLEMEN: Soon after my Arrival eeived a Message from i me to lay before them full ( Instructions as related to tl that the Delays which had h communicating such Instru Time had been spent in form such Instructions, might tl avoided." I immeditely fur of all the Instructions given I presume, are entered on th and in a 8ubse<iuent Messag not break through such Ins both my Honour and Fortune now before me, for granting of One Hundred Thousand '. the Estates renl nnri

Tw»rMnT

William Denny. 'JJ'J

Mother Country. I am not inclined to enter into any Dispute with you on the Subject, since it cannot b** decided on this side the Water; nor can I see what good End it can answer, as the Proprietaries have posi- tively enjoined me not to pass any Bill that is against their Instruction. As His Majesty's Service, and the Defence of the Province render it necessary to raise immediate Supplies, I must earnestly recommend it to you to frame such a Bill as it is in my Power to pass consistent with uiy Honour and my Engagements to the Proprietaries, which I am persuaded you will not desire me to violate. I have some amendments to pro- . pose to particular Parts of the Bill now before me, which I shall communicate to you as soon as I know whether you determine to prepare a new Bill free from the objection I have above mentioned.

WILLIAM DENNY. Jarnuarv 25th, 1757.

Warrant to respite llie Execution of Charles Jegler.

EORGE THE SECOND, BY THE Grace of God, of Grrat livitain, France and Ireland, King, Defender of the Faith, and mo forth.

To tha Sheriff (f the City and County of Philadelphia

Greeting:

Wh^reaa, By our Wjirrant under the LeHser Seal of our Province of Pennsylvania, bearinji^ Date of th'j Thirteenth Day of this Instant, January, to you direct- ed, We did command and nnjuire you, the said SheritT, that you should on the Twenty-sixth Day of this In- stant, January, t^xocute a Judgment lately giv(^n against Charles Jegler, by hanging the said Charles Jegler by the neck until he should be dead; We do

..^ ^ uix«4^v ipiiui, HUM 1 WOD

ill the Thirtieth Year of our our Lord, One Thousand S Seven.

By His Honour's Command, Richard Peters, Secre

Reply to the Assembly's re ernor's message refusing 1 bill.

MR. speakp:r and ge senibly :

The same Reasons whi my Assent to this Bill when still weii^h with me and det< reject it.

I shall, however, keep the Copy of it, in order to lay it

William Denny. 779

To the Assembly stating the Governor's reasons for amending the bill for rendering the burden of quar- tering the soldiers more equal on the public houses.

GENTLEMEN: I have again attentively ccmsidered the Bill in- tituled **An Act to render the Burden of Quarter- ing of Soldiers more equal on the Publick Houses of this Province/' but cannot agree to pass it unless you accede to the Third Amendment, by which it was proposed to lay the Duty of Two Pence per Gallon generally upon all Liquors retailed within this Prov ince, without confining it to the Publick Houses only, and think it proper to inform you that I am induced to adhere to that Amendrn't for the following Reasons:

First. Unless the Duty is general, th(^ Bill, which seems calculated for the Relief of Publick Housekeep- ers and others on whom his Majcnsty's Soldiers are (luartered, will be? so far from answering the good Ends proposed by it, that it will involve them in new Dis tresses, it l)eing evident that they must lose a great Share of their Business if Lifjuors can be purchas(^d of other Retailers, who are not obliged to pay the add! tional Duty, at cheaper Rates than they who must pay the Duty can afford to sell.

Second. If the Duty is confined to Liquors sold in Publick Houses, it will fhlT'greatlV short of the Sum proposed by the Bill to be allowed to Public House- keei>ers for their Cliarge and Trouble in making Pro- vision for such Soldiers as are quartered upon them. I flatter myself these Reasons will have Weight with you, and induce you to agree to the Amendment.

WILLIAM DENNY.

February 7, 1757.

780

To the Assembly setting forth reasons for the Gov- ernor s veto of a bill entitled **A Supplement to the Act» entitled 'An act for granting the sum of sixt)' thousand pounds to the Kings u&e, and for striking fifty five thousand pounds thereof in bills of credit and to ]>rovide a fund for sinking the same, and for granting to His Majesty the addi- tional sum of one hundred thausar

GENTLBBffSlN: \

No one can be more •enslbli' th^m I am of tho Ne i cewuty of raising immediate 8upidie» for Hi» Ma- ' jeaty'B Service, and the Defc'nti* nnd Preservation t>f \ this Ctolony, at a Time when wp may rr^sisonably sap- \ pose tlie Enemy are meditating new Scbemes rrriusi i it. I aMoie yon no Man can he moro tb^^iroiiK of inith fully discharging his Duty to Hia Majeaty, or mate sincerely disposed to promote the Good and Hanpiness of the People of this Province, and to afford them the Protection they stand so much in Need of. It is, there- fore. Matter of real Concern to me to have Oecaaion to differ in Opinion with you on the several Bills pre- sented to me for raising money to answer the present Exigencies of the Province. I have considered the Bill intituled "A supplement to the Act intituled 'An Act for granting the Sum of Sixty Thousand Pounds tothe King's Use, and for striking Pifty-Five Thousand Pounds thereof in Bills of Credit, and to Provide a Fund for sinking the same, and for granting to His Majesty the additional Sum of One Hundred Thon- sand Pounds,' " with the strictest Care and Attention, and from the best Judgment I can form of it I cannot give my Assent to it, consistent with the Obligations I am under to the Proprietaries or the Regard I have for the true Interest of the People committed to my Phargo. for the following Reasons:

Fii-st. It is provided by the Bill that Forty-Five Thousand Pounds, Part of the One Hundred Thousand

William Denny. 7^1

Pounds, shall be immediately struck in new Bills of Credit, to be sunk in four Years by a Tax on Estates, real and pei-sonal. Nothing is of more Importance to a Country than the preserving the Credit of their Money, which must evidently rise or fall in its Value, like every other commodity, in Proportion to its Quan tity. When this I'rovince was in its most flourishing State, and its Commerce the most extensive, the sum of Eighty Thousand Pounds in Bills of Credit was found sufficient to Answer all the Purposes of Trade. By Laws hitely passed Eighty-Five Thousand Pounds hath already been struck and added to the former Sum, and although, from the great plenty of Government Bills and other Contingencies, this Addition does not api)ear to have gi^atly affected the Ci*edit of th*» Money, yet it is as evident that Exchange must have been lower if new Emissions had not been made as that the Striking of more must inevitably raise the Price of Exchange, and conseciuently d(»preciate the Cur- rency of the Province. How injurious this must prove* to Trade in g(»neral, and how ruinous to the Estates of Widows and Orphans, and to the Interest of great Numbers of Individuals, especially if Peace should be restored, is obvious to the Understanding of every Man. But these are not the only Mischiefs. It is not improbable that such large Emissions of Paper Money may induce the Parliament in the End to deprive us of the Power of issuing Bills of Credit at all. To guard, therefore, against these Evils, other Ways and Means should be fallen upon to raise Money on this Occasion, or if there should be an absolute Necessity of striking and (Quantity for the imediate Service of the Publick, Provision should be made by Law to sink the same in a Less Term than Four Years.

Second. Every Law ought to be ex])li.cit and certain that those who an» appointed to carry it into Execu tion mav know how to conduct tli<MH4*(»lv(»s and ad-

4

on tho Yearly Value or the whole Capital. Fron great Injustice may be c tants, some of whom may on the Capital Value of pay no more than the Ta cording to the different C by the several Officers co The Act appears to me impowering the respective return Lists of the Nature Estate, to enquire, either I ual Means, into the true tates. It is impossible tl (luainted with the particu taxable Person within hit the Necessity of applying for information. The stro known to have on Mankir many to represent their Ei they really are, by which Tax will be laid very um under thnt T^nw

William Denny. 783

on Lands for a longer Term than one Year. It has been asserted that it is impossible to raise that sum within this Province in the space of one Year con- sistent with Proprietary Instructions; but as we have had no Experience of such a Law, I am at a Loss to know how this Discovery has been made. On the contrary, it appears probable to me that the Sum may be raised in that Time without laying any great Hard- ships on the Peoph?; and if a Tax on Estates, real and personal, after taking proper Measures to come at their true yearly Value, be found insufficient, the De- ficiency might be supplied by following the Example of our Neighbours, in taxing Luxury, and laying Du- ties on such Things as may do the least Injury to Trade.

Fourth. I cannot conceive it just or reasonable, at this Time, to tax unimproved Lands, which, instead of rising in their Value, and in that view being consid- ered as yielding an annual Profit, every one who is acquainted with the present circumstances of the Prov- ince, must know, have daily declined greatly in their value, ever since the first Incursions of the Enemy on our Frontier, and are not, in fact, worth so much now as they were some years ago.

Fifth. The Act lo which this Bill is a Supplement, as to the mode of levying the Tax, and the Dut}' and l^owers of the Officers therein concerned, refers to the act for, raising County Levies, which I conceive* to be unparliamentary; and such Powers and Duties, to avoid Confusion and Mistakes, ought to be con- tained in the Body of the Act itself, indei)endent of any other.

Sixth. The Trustee s of the Loan Office, into whose Hands the Sum of One Hundred Thousand Pounds is to be paid, are not directed by the Bill to give any additional Security for the true and faithful Discharg*^

50— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

784 Papers of the Governors,

of tlie new Tru»t to be reposed in them, whk*li, in jui- tlce to the Fubltckj they ought to do.

Beventli. The act for granting Bixty Thouitand Foiiudiij, provides that the Money shall lie disposed of by the Provineial rommmioners, with the approba tion of the Governor; yet the Commiaeioneri* alone have a power to draw Orders on the Trustf.*e«, without prescribing any Mrans whereby it may appear that the OoYernor^ Consent has been obtained, either h} h\n counter signing feuch orders or otherwise.

Eighth, The Bill, in many other Parts of it, is con- trary to the In^tnittione given me by the Pt*oprie taries, aa you may perceive on comparing them togeth er. TJjese lasitmctione, I have repeatt^ly told you, I cannot dispense with; I must^ therefore, exhort yoii not to »iK*ncl any more time in framing such Bills, m you must be isensible I cannot give my annent to: but to proceed and consider of such other W^iys and Means to su]>ply tlie publick >v**'»"f*sttrps, n^ tnay h' free from those and the other Objections I have so often mentioned to You.

WILLIAM DENNY.

February 11, 1757.

To the Assembly recommending the fnaming of a militia bill.

GENTLEMEN: Being convinced that nothing could more effect- ually secure the l*eople of this Province from the Attacks of the Enemy than a well trained and regular Militia, I thought it my Duty to recommend it to yon, in the most pressing Terms, at your first Meeting in

William Denny. 785

October last, to frame a just and equitable Militia Bill with all possible Dispatch.

Moved by the same Sense of Duty, I must again • request that you will not suffer a Matter of so great Importance to be any longer delayed.

WILLIAM DENNY. . March 21, 1757.

Warrant' to apprehend five Seditious Frenchmen.

PENNSYLVANIA, S8: Whereas^ Information hath been made to me, William Denny, Esquire, Lieuten- ant Governor and Commander-in-Chief of the Province of Pennsylvania and Counties of New- castle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware, that Charles le Blanc and Jean Baptiste Gallerme, now in Philadelphia City; Philip Melancon, now In Frankford, in the County of Philadelphia; Paul Bujauld, now in Chester, and Jean Landy, now in Derby, Inhabitants of Nova Scotia, lately imported into this Province, are suspicions and evil-minded Per- sons, and have, and each of them hath, at divere Times, uttered menacing Speeches against His Majesty and His liege-Subjects, and behave in a very disorderly Manner; You are, therefore, hereby strictly charged and commanded to apprehend, or cause to be appre- hended, the said Charles le Blanc, Jean Baptiste Gal- lerme, Philip Melan(!on, Paul Bujauld, and Jean Landy, and when taken to commit them, and each of them, to the Jayl of the City of Philadelphia, there to re main till they are legally discharged. Given under my Hand and Seal at Arms at Philadelphia, the Twen- ty-First Day of March, in the Year of Our Lord One Thousand Seven Hundred and Fifty-Seven.

WILLIAM DENNY. To James Coultas, Esquire.

Papers of the Governors,

jirrant to apprehend a French deserter, charged Lith Encunnij^^iiii^ ihe Back Inhabitants to settle pi long llie French.

PKNNSVIA ANIA. SBi W/itTea^ Information hath been made to me, William Decoy, Esqoire, Lieo- Ltnuut Governor and Cammander-in-Chief the Province of FenaBylrauia and the Three Jintit^H un Delaware, That a eertain Francis :li**s. laic of Conegochege, in the Coonty JCumln^rlaiid, trtivcdling Shoemaker, in a very suspi- liiH and evil minded Person, and hath committed Iny notorious Bi^acheB of His Majesty's Peace, an |n in Miiw ri'nvin<(* u^ in the Prftvinrr^ rif Mary-

i!, ;Ulfl hatll :lUn rninmilhil di^'^"rs uIIht nlTrltrr-

1 .M;iiri'n>ann's, Ju Hn- D;iinrf^i' <il thmhv <»t His Ma 11 ^ s Iji^^r Sul^j'ils: ^ <M| ;iiLil (Sr)-^ iif \ nii aj'. ■Mr(ir*\ h']>h\ snirli\ iTjjIliTrri ;irjil mTll m;uni<'(l in

William Denny. 787

A letter granting the Indians at Bethlehem permis- sion to settle elsewhere.

Philadelphia, March 3lBt, 1757.

BRETHREN: Your address of the 14th Instant, which was presented to me on your Behalfe by two of the Moravian Brethren, has been considered by the Coun- cil, and I now give you my answer.

It wou'd be very agreable to me if the Indians of every Nation who incline to live in this Province, cou'd be persuaded to agree upon the Places of Residence amongst themselves, and to have Lands assigned to them by this Government for that purpose; the Lands about Wyoming and other Places on the River Sas- quehannah are very (commodious for hunting, & on these you might have lived with much Comfort; but since it is not agreeable to you to live either here or on any Land to be assigned you by the Six Nations, who you say have several times invited you to do so. I shall with all my Heart consent to your living with the Brethren, at the Place proposed, provided that you do not thereby disoblige the Six Nations, nor the particular Ti'ibes you belong to.

You will take care to live peaceably, and to give no offence to the Neigbourhood, as the Lands are culti- vated, and the property of particular People. You are to consider that they are not to be disturbed in the full and quiet Enjoyment of their Possessions.

I thank you for the frequent Intelligence you have gix'en the Governm't; I expect you will continue to do so on all Occasions. I wou'd have you keep a good Correspondence with all the other Indians, and ad- vise you to Communicate your Intention and desire of residing at Bethlehem to the Six Nations, and any other Indians you may be connected with, that all may know and agree to it.

i

Papers of the Governors*

wtub you abuinlimt e of Hatbfartion in your i>ri*^Dt jd iHirpoHej4, YiiU may Ik* ;i8«urcd of my ProUv Q, & that I i^haii always bi^ glad tu da you any good

WtLlJAM DENKY.

tter to George Croj^han advising hini of the arri- val of an Indian delegation at Fort Allen,

ndladtdphia, (ith April, 1157. IR:

\ I bave receivi*d your Letter of tb^ M^cond Intitatit, and UDW acquaint Yon that 50 Indiaufei, Mm. >mpii and ("hildreu umiou^ whom were two Bonw

Tvt'dvuM uii«rK ail' aiiivrd ;U Vow Alliu; ihv \\]uAv H ordfii^d t(i wail iJll Ilia I Vhirt fi^rius, so that lli ■ 'sst'ti^(*r!s vtHi sr:i[ \sill prubaldv tia*t'l liiin, Tlit* ah Piix is jmji h at Lafaast*'r, a^ I am inf(HMiiM,

•1 T^llt lll^tMi. 'ItM? flip* 1t1f1lH|t»C^ nil'M' Vlf* 1'f =

I

^r>t*^ IM**

William Denny. 789

hogo, who say that Teedyuscung cannot come before the latter End of the Month, as he is waiting for the Mohock Indians, who will not be ready before.

I expect Teedyuscung will come to Philadelphia ao he promised he wou'd, and that the Treaty will be held here; tho' 1 understand you have invited him to Lan- caster or Harris' Ferry, w'ch may be proper enough, as he may want to confer with the other Indians, but as to the place of Treaty, the Inconveniences' to the Government will be so great if it be held any where but in this Oity, where the Principal Council Fire is always burning, that I must desire you to insist upon the Indians proceeding to Philadelphia. And as they will be more secure from the Small Pox at Springets- burg, than where they now are, they may come im- mediately if they please, and Teedyuscung be order'd to meet them here; or they may stay at their present Place till they hear of Teedyuscung's arrival, and send for his Company to join theirs, and so proceed to this City.

The Commissioners are getting together the neces- sary Cloathing & other Things wanted for the Indians, and will send thera to you as soon as possible.

I am, Sir, Your very humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

To George Croghan, Esq'r.

Letter of instructions to Major Parsons concerning the Indian Council to be held at Philadelphia.

Philadelphia, 12th April, 1757.

SIR: I have reeeiv'd yours of the 8tli Instant. Com- missary Young will come up and pay the Arrears due to the second Battalion with all possible Dispatch.

JO

Papers of the Governors,

either Captain Orndt, nor any of Ms Offlcera iiur Urn *e to he sulfer'd iu he ab&eut from their Garmun On ij Account whatt^ver*

As soon aB joii hear of Tecflyuscung'n Arrival at ai-t Allen, I deflire you will immt?d lately wait op bim ith 111 J Conipk-iiicnts aiui the eu closed Rlria^ uf 'am p urn. Tell him that agreable to tho promisi* be ade me at Ea»ton, I expect him at the Coundl Fin? hich has always hfcn buruitig In thi» City, and wh^^^,^ * will l>e sure to Ond an liortrty Reception from aii id the good People of this Province. You are to order such an Escort a» will be a ««f!l ent tfuard to the Chief and all his t'ompany, whkli woa'd have comiuaiided by Captain Orndt, as thij ill be the nioat n-sjvetMfuH to the Chief, and th ost ]UuA\ lo luHp liiith tin* Coimlrv Proplr ;itul th*' uliiiiis U'inn roiinnittint^ atjy Irruptions on aur :ui hen

I hu]ti' \]\v Iridi^niH an* ist»iit forward to Jk^thlfln^m till V ;iiiiv<^ n1 llu' Kor(. the linithrcii tluTe liiLvlnLT

1

William Denny. 791

You will Bee by these that there is such a Scarcity on Provisions at Wyoming that the Chief desires some may be sent to help those who are with him on their Journey; and agreeable to his Request, I have ordered a Supply to be immediately dispatched from Beth- lehem to Fort Allen, to be carried thence on Horse- back to Wyoming by the Indians, who are already come in, & stay near that Fort, w'ch will be a great additional Expence.

It is agreed by me and the Commissioners to p«iy the Sums due for the Goods used in the Condolence Presents, and Orders are given to Mr. Wright to buy the Cloaths and other things, w*ch the Indians are in immediate Want of.

As the King's Subjects in general will reap the Benefit of the Treaty, if it succeeds, and the Neigh l>ouring Colonies will be more particularly benefitted b}' it, The Commissioners, as well as myself, hope you have Instructions from Sir William Johnson to defray the greater part of the Expence, w'ch will fall too heavy on this Province alone, tho' they are willing to do all they can, and have been, and still are, at a very considerable Charge for the Support of the In- dians, and other Contingencies.

At the further Instance of the Commissioners, I desire you will let me know by the first Opportunity how yon are empowered to act, and what Portion of the Expence you propose to defray, on the Part of the Crown, in the ensuing Treaty.

I am. Sir, your humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

To George Croghan, Esqr.

m

4

sion.

As Agents for A

pany of London, (

jesty's Navy statio

for Permission to si

ting forth, that the

Island, by letter r

quainted him that 1

by Two Ships from

they had upwards o

was to be had, and

Flower instead thei

pended upon him fo

cation to the Memb<

ion that Permission

dean's making Oath

in the last Embargo;

for the Supply of hii

for no other use w

Ship on Board whiel

ing oath that no m

wou'd be taken on be

William Denny. 793

Ship and put on board that Quantity, and desired my Orders to the Collector to clear the Vessel on his and the Master's making the Oaths and giving the Bond directed.

Mr. Bell, another Merchant of this City, in the like Circumsances witU regard to his Majesty's Troops and Garrisons at Nova Scotia and Newfoundland, has likewise applied for and had my leave to Ship the Sup- plies on the same Conditions.

Mr. Francis, a Merchant in this City, Agent for the Contractors, for Supplying his Majesty's Navy sta- tioned at Barbadoes, has made the like Application, for leave to Ship the Supplies for Admiral Franklin's Squadron.

Mr. Israel Pemberton, Agent for Governor Tinker, having Orders to Ship the usual Supplies for his Use, and that of His Majesty's Tndei)endent Company there, has made the like Application for leave to Ship to Providence.

The Agent to the Contractor for victualling his Ma- jesty's Navy at South Carolina, having made Oath be- fore Governor Littleton, that he was in want of 20, 000 Pounds Weight of Ship Bread for the Use of his Majesty's Ships there; and that there was no Bake Houses in the Province, and sent a Ship here for that Quantity; and the Master has produced the Oath, cer- tified by Governor Littleton, and desired the like Leave with the rest.

Pressed with these si»veral Sollicitations, and the resi>ective Agents acquainting me that They must re- new their Applications for further Quantities, I Con- sulted Colon'l Stanwix, before I even gave any Orders to the Collector in favour of Mr. Roberdeau, or Mr. Bell, who had my leave to ship Provisions, and we roncured in Opinion, that the best Way was to make your Lordship ac(|uainted with the whole matter, and

His Majesty's Su

other Parts of Noi

visions are not rais(

will no doubt very

my leave to send tl

glad your Lordship

may be done on sucl

I am well infom

be made from Gove

Southern Colonies,

it is your Lordship's

plied accordingly, j

Lords of Trade be

returned by the Cui

the Instructions give

Inclosed is the Co

inwards.

I am, My Lord Your Ivordship's m(

Earl of Loudoun.

William Denny. 795

Letter to William Logan conveying certain messages to be Communicated to the Indians.

Philadelphia, 30th April, 1757.

SIR: Since you are so kind a« to undertake the Trou- ble of this Journey, I desire you will deliver such an Answer for me to the Indians as will be agreable to the enclosed Copy of the Minute of Council.

The manner of saying things to Indians depends so much on Forms & a narrow Observation of them and their Dispositions at the Time of speaking to them, that I must leave it to you with the Assistance of Mr. Weiser to frame the words of the Answer and to accompany each Part with a Belt or String of Wampum (a Sufficiency of which will be given you by the Secretary) as you shall judge proper. I wou'd have those Indians made acquainted that I never in- tended either Harris' Ferry or Lancaster as the Place of Treaty, but all along believed that Teedyuscung wou'd choose to come to this City agreable to what he told me at Easton, and therefore have sent him an Invitation to come here, which will be delivered to him on his Arrival at Fort Allen, and Mr. Croghan has my letters setting this Matter forth, that it gives me Pain to hear of their Jntention to come no further. That I am truly concerned at their Stay occasioned by Teeryuscung's not coming in; but that till he comes, Mr. Croghan writes me no Treaty can be begun with those Indians, the Matters for which they were sent by Sir William Johnson being principally to bring th(* Shawonese and Delawares to conclude a firm Peace, and then join with his Majesty's Forces in such manner as Sir William shall advise. And further, that the Matters complained of by the Delaware King at Easton, or any other He may have to complain of, be attentively considered and redressed. These,

^

Papers of the Governors,

by Sir Willtani JolmBOii's Lettt*r to nu\ aud the Tenor of his GommiBKinris and In^triH tion» to Mr, Cn>ghan. Copies of which ;ire pivpai ed for you, an* the Matters priocipaUy to be tnmftarted at the ensuing Treaty; which makes it Necessary that T*^-dTu»rnDg with the Delaware and 8lKiwone»e Tribes should be pre»eiit, and if backward to |K-rform their Several Ec^age- ments so solemnly uiade at OtB^uingo^ at 8'f William Johnson's, and at Easton, the Bix Nations sxvv then to interpose their Authority and oblige them to do it.

That as it is unc ortain when Tet^dyusfir ung may come, I won'd for their own Conveniente projmse it to thera. that most of their Women & PhihJren whonM immi^i ately retnn| home, with a^ Many ileu a« ran condad them to their ri*t»peetivo Places of abode, tliat a Nnm* berof their principal Men may stay to h<>lil the Treaty* This may in a great M<*i,9ure prevent the Ineonveni ences that will ari^e from a longer Rtny, and save to them the Benefit of their planting Season, as well as prevent many of them getting the Small Pox.

That I am always glad to see our Brethren the Six Nations, & consider so many of them coming amongst us at this Juncture, as a particular strong Testimony of their Friendship and Regard for the People of this Province; that it wou'd give pleasure to gratify them in their Desire of seeing me at Lancaster, yet I would have them made sensible that I cannot leave this City without infinite Prejudice to the King's Affairs, and other publick Business that cannot be done any where else, and therefore cou'd heartily wish 4bey cou'd be prevailed on, Out of Regard to my Circumstances at this particular time, to come here, where I assure them of a very kind Reception, and that every thing will be made as agreable to them as possible.

That I have dispatched a Messenger to Teedynscong acquainting him with the impatience of the Six Na- tions, and the many Inconveniences arising to Vm

William Denny. 797

from his Stay, and desiring him to make all the haste he can.

If you perceive that the Indians, notwithstanding this Message and Invitation, which in honour to them I send by a Member of Council, will not come to Phil- adelphia, or should be disgusted and offer to return home, I must desire you to acquaint them that if Teedyuscung comes and inclines to treat at Lancaster, I shall either go there or send Commissioners as the Affairs of the Government will permit. I am. Sir, Your most humble Serv't,

WILLIAM DENNY.

P. S. — Pleas to let it be asked whether delivered as set forth in the Minute of Council be the same w'th what was given them in charge, lest the Inter- preter, who does not well understand the T^anguage, shou'd have mistaken it.

Letter to the Collector of the Port of Philadelphia permitting certain vessels to sail from that Port.

Philadelphia, 6th May, 1757.

SIR: Lord Loudoun have signified his Pleasure to the Governors of the Provinces in North America, where the present Embargo has taken place, that all Vessels which were laden and cleared, before the time it was laid on, s^hould be permitted to sail on the 6th Instant. And it appearing to me by a Report of a Comittee of Council, that the above Vessels were cleared out of the Port of Philadelphia, before the Time of laying the said Embargo, I do permit each

and every of tliem to nail, and do authorize and desin* jou to tlear tlunii accordingly.

i am, Sir, Your most brimble 8<*rv't,

WILLIAM DE^^^ry,

To Abraham Taylor, Eaqr*

Speech to representatives of the United Indian Na- tions.

BliKTHKE^' OF THE tlNJTED NATIONS: Yuu an* at*nt*ihle of the unhai>|iy 1 Utf eri*nt'ct* that J have aubBiBted for time time pa»t t>etween us, th€ l'e<iple of Penm&ylvauta, the English in the eev**ral] ( ■oUiniL*6i, and our liretliren and ('imnTryinen, the D^!- awaree and Bhawoneee, your Nephews aud Brothers] By the Mediation of Hir William JohuBon, His Ma- ] je?^ty*s aolf^ Aj>rnit r.ml Knprriiih'iifif'nt of Tiiiiijin AT fairs for the Northern District of America, a Cessa tion of Arms was agreed upon, and they, at a Confer- ence held in Otsaningo, promised to lay down their Hatchet; which Agreement they since ratified and con- lirmed in another Conference with that Gentlemen in your Presence, at w^hich time Sir William desired to know what was the Cause of their committing Hostili- ties on their Brethren, the English, which Question they did not then give a full Answer to. But at a sub- sequent Treaty with me at Easton, in November last, the same Question being put to Teedyuscung, he frankly acknowledged that their foolish Young Men being deluded by our Enemy, the false-hearted French King, were persuaded to take up the Hatchet against us. This, he »aid, was the first and principal Cause; but that one Reason why the Blow fell heavier on us was, that their Brother Onas had fraudulently pos- sessed himself of some of their Land without having

William Denny. 799

first purchased, or given any Consideration for them.

Gave a Belt of Wampum of 9 Rows.

Being very desirous that all Causes of Discontent shou'd be removed I proposed that the Matter shou'd then be finally accommodated; but Teedyuscung de- claring that he was not sufficiently empowered to finish that Business, declined it, & desired another Meeting this Spring, when he engaged to bring with him those Indians to whom the said Lands belonged, at whi(;h Time this Complaint might be fully heard, and amica- bly adjusted.

Gave a Belt of Wampum of 9 Rows.

Having the greatest Confidence in the Friendship and Justice of our Brethren, the Six Nations, I imme- diately acquainted Sir William Johnson with these Proceedings, and requested that he wou'd be pleased to send some of the wise Men of those Nations to be present and assist at the proposed Meeting. I expect- ed Ti*odyuscung wou'd have been hei-e before this Time, and am greatly concerned at his Stay. It wou'd afford me great Satisfaction if it had suited your Conveni ency to wait his Arrival; but as you have informed me Your Business will not admit of being longer ab- sent from your Country, if you ran now think of any Measure that may be likely to promote the good Work in which we are (engaged, and establish a firm and lasting Friendship between us and your Nephews; You shall find me sincerely disposed to join with you in doing every thing in my Power conducive to so de- aireable an End. In Confirmation whereof I give you this Belt of Thirteen Rows.

Gave the Belt.

May 12, 1757.

51— Vol. II.— 4lh Ser.

8oo Papers of the Governors.

A letter of instructions to Captain George Annstrong with messages for ihc Indians at Fort Fredericlc

Lancaster, May the 17th, 175T,

^ Yoa are with all Expeditioti tKis^ible, to hapten to Ford Prederii'k, where I expt-ct the Cherokees are waitinfj ft»r my Answer tr> then* Mes^ige. Ac- quaint thi*m that I have received thi-ir kind Proposals from Fort Lytth^ion, for which » 1 retui^ them my hearty Thanks,

Give a Hiring of AVampum.

Make them uiy AcknowledgeiuetitH for the ftervicea they have dune; and for the Tcudin' of iheir AMStiBl- ance, Mhich in thaak fully acwpted.

Aci]naint thf*ni that Pre8t*nts art* providing for thf'in. which| On their return from Winchester, where I un- derstand they art.* going, will be delivered by Mr. Croghan, the Depaty of Bir William JohiiKon, the King's Agent for Indian Affairs, who will wait upon them at Fort Londoun, within this Province, at the Time they shall i)lease to appoint, and the sooner the better.

Assure them of the Friendship and Esteem of this Government and of all the Encouragement in Our Power.

Give a Belt of Wampum.

Make my Complements to Captain Paris, to whom I think myself particularly obliged On this Occasion; And I shall be glad to Testify the Sense I have of his Services. He will be pleas'd to assist you in the De- livery of this Message conformable to Indian Usage and Ceremonies.

WILLIAM DENNY,

William Denny. 8oi

Letter to the Indian Commissioners recommending* that the Delaware Indians be invited to live at Shamokin.

GENTLEMEN: I think it Mou'd be very much for the publick Service to invite some of these Indians to live at Shamokin, and I shou'd be glad to know if it's agreea- ble to you to provide for their Settlements and Sup- port. Pray favour me with an immediate Answer, as this Morning will be the last Time I shall speak to them in Public.

I am, Gentlemen, Your most humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY. May 20, 1757.

Speech to the representatives of the Six United Na- tions.

BRETHREN OP THE SIX UNITED NATIONS: I return you my hearty Thanks for the Kind and oiwn Manner in which you inform'd us of the Causes from whence the Dissatisfaction of our Breth- it?n, the Dela wares and Shawonese, first arose; but as you have observed they are not present, it must be deferred until we have the Pleasure of seeing them. I shall only assure you that I think your advice good, and shall with ^it'ut Satisfaction conform to it, by sending for the People you have so earnestly recom- mended to be sent for.

1 think with you that our Frontiers shou'd Ik* care- fully and strongly ^Miarded, and it shall be my particu- lar Care to endeavour to have this done, in which 1 shall take kind any assistance you will give me.

Gave a Belt of Wampum.

8o2 Papers of the Governors*

Bretlireii:

Boon after tbe present Troubles first broke out b^* tween us & the Frpiieli, tmme of the Hix Nation lo- dian^ requesteti of this Goveranient to build a strong Hou**e at 81iamokin, and a Storehouse, with Indian Goods, and to give an Invitation to Indians, a& well of the United Nations as Dela wares, to come & live there; I must now inform you that, in CompUanre with their Request, this Government has built a Htron^ House where goods wiU soon be sent, and sold as cheap as any where on this Contment; so this Plat;e 1 liave ;ipfH»inted Mr. Thomant McKee to ron- duct as many of you as shall chose to return that Way, and shall leave it to you to settle a« many Fa ra- il it*H aw shall incliaf? to Live there, promising yoa that Care shall be taken by this Government that as many as stay shall be furnished with sach Neces®arieft a^ they may want till they can support themselves.

Gave a Belt of Wampam. Brethren: -

I shall immediately report tbe whole that has passed at these Conferences to Sir William Johnson, who is j^lad of all Occasions to shew his attachment to our Friends, the Indians, and promote His J^ajesty's Ser- \ice. It is that Gentleman's peculiar Province to treat and finish all Treaties with the Indians.

Let me add, my Brethren of the United Nations, that you shall find no Deceit in Me, And I shall be happy if my Conduct deserves your Esteem and Approba- tion.

Gave a Belt of Wampum. Brethren :

I have ordered the Presents provided by the good Peojile of this Province to be carried to the Indian Camp, early in the Morning, and inform you that a Part of these Presents is given by those who are the Descendants of the Inhabitants that first came over

William Denny. 803

to thie Country with your old Friend William Penn, as a particular Testimony of their Regard & Affection for the Indians. May 20, 1757.

Message to Teedyusciing, King of the Delavvares, concerning the complaints from his tribe and the Shawonese.

BROTHER TEEDYUSCUNG: At the Treaty held at Easton last Fall, you com- plained unto me that the Indians had been de- frauded of their I^nds. This you told me was one of the Causes that had alienated the Minds of our Brethren, the Delawares and Shawanese, from Us, your Brethren; Upon which I told you, if you cou'd make it appear th«t you had received any Injustice or Injuries from this Province, I was ready to hear it, and promised to make you Satisfaction. Brother:

You then informed me that the People who daim'd those Lands, as They did not expect the Affair wou'd come under Consideration at that Trc^aty, were not present and had not empowered you to transact that Business for them; and therefore you cou'd not finish it at that Time, but that you wou'd come down again in the Spring, and wou'd bring with you as many of those Indians as cou'd be got together, in Order to a full Settlement of all Differences between Us, that a firm and lasting Peace might be establish'd for- ever. Brother:

As you had thus promised to be down in the Spring, we were pleased to find a considerable Number of

8q4

Papers of the Governors.

your Tiii'les, tia* Six Nsititm^, wi.*re I'onu* uTiioiigHt Ua, to be present and hear all your Complain t». Tbey staid a I'oimidorahle Time for tliat pwrpose, in Ex peitiUion of seeing jou here; but iis »ome At^tideot may have ij invented your Coming, Your Cneles grew very um^asy at being detained heiv »o long, and de silted me to meet tbeni at Umrash^r, wbitlier 1 whi*. and ojtened my Heart to tbvrn, ^ivinir tbL^iii a full \v* cmint of all that bad pamed betiv**^n Ue at KhmIod, promimug Yonr Ctirles* that I wou'd take Care to 8f*e yon red revised, eitber on AeeouiH of your Landt^, or any other Injuries you luiiy have n*ceiv«Hl from your Bretli ren of this Province. Brother:

Your Uneleg, the Six Nations, at tbj*i Treaty, slieweil a great deal of Kindness for Vou, a ad wouVl have been extremely jdva«d to have st^eu you here, being re- BolvcHi to see Jutatiee done to you; bat a» you were not come in, tbey itdvisi d us in Tn>:i( yuu very ffrlendlv, and to advise you to bring with you some of yoor Uncles, the Seuecas, that we might open Our Hearts to one another freely, by which means all Causes of Jealousies or Misunderstandings between us might be settled and taken away for ever. And that they might [wou'd] join their best Endeavours to brin^ about a firm and lasting Peace between you & your Brethren. Brother:

I gave your Uncles my hearty Thanks for their good Advice, and told them, that as I highly approved it as good and sound Advice, I wou'd act as they had so earnestly desire<l me to do, being sincerely disposed to hear all your Complaints, and to do you Justice, as I had formerly promised you at Easton. Brother:

As I have now informed you of the earnest Re quest of your Uncles, the Six Nations, and of my own Opinion, which is the same with theirs, I do, by this

William Denny. 805

Kelt of Wampum, invite you to come down as soon as it will suit your Convenience (and leave it to you to bring with you your Uncles, the Senecas, or such of them as will be most agreeable to you), to open your Hearts to us your Brethren; and if it shall appear that you have been defrauded of your Lands, or received any other Injuries from thi^ Province, I do promise you shall receive Satisfaction.

Gave a Belt of Wampum. Brother:

By some late Letters from your Brother Onas, in England, in Answer to my Representation of the late Conferences, and your Complaints at Easton, he ac- quaints me he is willing to have the Injuries com- plained of fully heard, and settled as soon as possible. If you rather chuso Sir William Johnson should deter- mine these unhapx>y Differences, I most w^armly ret** ommend it to you to apply to that Gentleman, as he has the Honour to be appointed Sole Agent and Super- intendent of Indian Affairs in the Northern District.

May 21, 1757.

Message of friendship to the representatives of the Cherokee Indians.

Lancaster, 21sth May, 1757.

BRETHREN, THE CHEROKEES: On your Coming into this Province, I order'd Lieutenant Colonel Armstrong to bid you welcome, and after that, having received a kind Message from you, I sent his Brother, Captain George Armstrong, to return you my thanks, and to assure you of my Friendship and lUgard for you; acquainting you at the same time That a Present was preparing, and wou'd be delivered to you by Mr. Croghan, the Dep-

of Ke^ard aud Esteem t Give a Belt of AVamp

A letter of instructions ing It

SIR: Having heard a Grey, of Donegal, i tV Delaware Ijanguag( any Trust rei>osed in h him to go to Diahogc Teedyuscung, instructir Ceremonies, furnishing Belts of Wampum, an to take down every thin, make the Indian Chief my not coming to see 1 going away immediatel

r^^^

\v

OT'T»ir»T»0 ITltriTirl

William Denny. 807

Plunder, Prisoners, and Cattle, and if they do it with impunity it will bi^ for want of Dispatch in the march of the Warriors.

The Sheriff has my Orders to conduct the Indians to Philadelphia with a sufficient Guard. I make no doubt but the Commissioners will honourably dis- charge any Contract you may make with Mr. Grey for his Trouble, in case you can prevail on him to go to Diahogo, or any other Expences you may be put in the Execution of this or any other of my Requests for the Public Service.

I am, Sir, Your most humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

To Mr. George Croghan.

Passport & Order to the Sheriff to j^iiard Indians from Lancaster to Philadelphia.

HE HONOURABLE WILLIAM DEN ny, Kstiuire, Lieutenant Governor And Command(»r-in-Chief of the Province of Pennsylvania, &c., &c., &ca. To the Sheriff of tht* County of Lancaster:

These are to authorize and re(|uire you to take into your Care any Number of Indians that shall incline to return home by the Way of the City of Philad'a, and them safely to c()ndu<t to that City, with a sufllicient Guard, and to empn^ss what Horses or ('arriaj^es may be wanted for their Use, paying for them according to I>aw.

All his Majesty's Subjects are hereby, strictly en- joined not to molest, or in any wise insult, or do Injury to the Indians committed to your Care, as they shall answer for their Behaviour, in Case of Disobedience.

Instructions for the Indians to their p kin.

INSTRUCT able VVi Governo the Province Counties, To Mr. Thon

Yon are to conduct the Way of the Sasq I understand there a Fort Augusta, alr(»ady wou'd have you purchi Corn, and see that it there. I leave it to y< the Indians to settle first wanted, and are leave them till they b€ Satisfaction. You are

William Deiiny. 809

Hurd, who is desired to deliver what is wanted for their immediate use, till the other Provisions arrive that are to be furnish'd by the Contractor. You are so well acquainted with the Wants of Indians, that I must leave the whole to your Management, in which I must recommend it to you to be as frugal as possible. The more the Indians hunt, the more it will conduce to their Health. When their Demands are reasonable, and for Things absolutely necessary, they are to be granted, but not otherwise. Much depends upon their first setting out; If their Conduct be orderly, and their Expences light and easy, the better the Province can continue it, and others be encouraged to come and settle there; but if they be too much indulged, and not laid under (he Necessity of hunting, thty will (]uarrel with one another, and no other Indians join them, or at least not such as will he of Service to the Cause. You are to draw ujion the Commissioners for such Sums as 3'ou lay out, giving them advice of your Draughts, and a jjjst and full Account of the particu- lars, for which the Money has been laid out.

All Officers, civil and military, ai^e enjoined to be aiding and assisting to You and the flfriendly Indians under your care, And to do you and them, all the good Offices they shall stand in Need of; particular!}', It is hereby reciuired of all the Officers and Soldiers in the Garrison at Augusta, to give you all the assist- ance possible in the Execution of these Orders, and to be of good Behaviour to the Indians, as they are on all Occasions to demean themselves towards His Ma jesty's Subjects with the utmost Care & Kindness, (liven under my Hand and Seal at Arms, at I^incaster,

this Twenty-first Day of May, 1757.

WILLIAM DENNY.

!o Papers of the Governors,

b the Assembly coticerning the raising of troopA ■ and prosecuti^Jii of the war against the French and ■ Indians.

J My Duty to his Majesty, aud tlit^ critical Situa- tion of public AiTairs at this Junrture, have laid tm tider the Kecessity of calHug you together biifoiv the ime of your AdjonraiueDt, 1 now lay before you two Letters of the Fourth iueteenth of Febrnary, which I lately rereiv'd fnim le Secretary of States by one of which you will pr^ ?ive it to be His Majesty^s Pleasure, that I fthoti*^ resa you in the strongest Manner, to raise wilt the I mast Expedition, as large a Xnmber of Provrnrta! rrMi]is as may bt^ for tlie S^n^viit/ of the prt-sent rani- uy^n, over and ribove wiiat You shall judp.' nect'ssary >v the inuiieiliutt.' llefi^nr*^ of Ihit^ I'rovhire, and that le Troopw ^i raisi^d sImhiM act In siirh l^irts aj* \h"

i

William Denny. 811

add that, it seems the more extraordinary when the other Government of the lower Counties has set so good an Example, I am the more concerned when I reflect what Observations the King's Ministers will make on your Conduct, after receiving the Copy of a Militia Bill offered me in your last Sessions, which in some particulars of great Consequence, is even more anti-constitutional than that which was repeated by the King in Council last Year.

The Part of the Southern Provinces are to take in the Operations of this Campaign, was settled between Lord Loudoun and the respective Governors of those Colonies, as you will see by the Minutes now laid be- fore you; It was stipulated by me on the part of this Province, that Two Hundred of our Provincial Forces shou'd be sent to South Carolina, with Five Compa- nies of the ffirst Battalion of the Royal American Regiment under the Command of Lieutenant Colonel Bon(juet, In Consideration of which His Lordship agreed to leave the other Five (Companies of that Battalion under the Command of Colonel Stanwix, for the Defence of this Province; It is Matter of great Concern to me that it has not hitherto been in my Power to comply with my Engagement with his Lord- ship. You are sensible that the Term being lately ex- pired for which the Provincials were enlisted, and they being discouraged at their not regularly receiving their pay, refused to continue in the Service, and went ofT in so great Numbers as to leave Part of the Fron- tiers in a very weak and defenceless Situation; but I have now the pleasure to inform you that the Com missioners have lately agnx^d to give a larger Bounty to such as shall oulist. And the Ofticers meet with Success in recruiting, so that I hope the Regiment will soon be compleat, and I may be enabled to fulfill my Engagement, which I am persuaded you will think a very advantageous one for this Province.

lL2

Papers of the Governors.

Thr^ Miijiih*s of I he Conference 1 lately had with tlw* kulijuis at Laiirasl^M' are prepariug, and t^ball ssoon hi* (lid hef(n'e yn», lli« Majesty having entrusted 8ir yniiain Jirhuscm \vUh the sole Management of ludiau Jlini's in the NiirHiern District of Ameriea, this In /r\jrw was only aetjiiieBced in by the Earl of Lou louiL and Kir Williaiu Johnson in Contieqiieoce of a healy held at East on before his Lordship-^ arrival |i Aoierit^a rn* my Aeeegsioo to this Government. Hi* Lirdiiliip's Letter siiflieiently expresses his Sentiment!^ If tlie Condviet of the l*etyple of thijr* Provinee witli p'^^ard to Indiini Affairs; and he is of Opinion tUev rill Bee it to lie their Inten^st as well aH their l)u\j Li pay (>bedi(*Tiee to the Kinp'n rommands, and not \i ihhifVn^ Willi His j*t i-ru^al i\ i' nf i]i;ikin^ Tiin i ainl

A> lotfcij: as ( u](i[ji'l Siiinwix \^ sUilioiM-(l un ilh ■sh^ni h^rfiuli^^r Ir -NvuiHii hr fur liis .M!tj<'si\'s Su-

William Denny. 813

To the Assembly concerning their remonstrance against the continuance of the Embargo on .vessels in the port of Philadelphia.

GENTLEMEN: I shall forward your Remonstrance, presented to nie last Night, by Express to Lord Loudoun, the Embargo having b^en laid at His Lordship's Instance, in Consequence of His Majesty's positive Orders, a» will appear by His Lordship's Letters, which I have from Time to Tinie laid before You.

I am sensible of the great Distress that the Mer- chants & Farmers must be under, by the long Con- tinuance of this Embargo, and hope the King's Affairs may permit hi» Lordship to hearken to my Application for their Relief.

You will please to s(»nd an Answer to my Message of the Sixth Ins't, in which I communicated his Lord ship's Demands, and those of the Secretary of State, that it may he forwarded by the Express, as I cannot, with Decency, write to my Lord Loudoun, without letting him know y«»ur Resolutions on those Demands.

WILLIAM DENNY.

June 16th, 1757.

Letter to the Earl of Loudoun concerning the remon- strance of the Assembly to the continuance of the Embargo on vessels m the port of Philadelphia.

Philadelphia, 18 June, 1757.

rTHE EARL OF LOUDOUN: My Lord:

I enclose your Lordship a Copy of an (^xtraordi nary Remonstrance presented to me by my Assembly in Relation to the Embargo. I cou'd have wished for

IH

Papers of the Governors,

lit^ir own sakes they had obBerred a greater Deeency;

|ut wiih RospCH't to the Distress the good People of iiJs Province aru ]nit in, by so long a Restraint on \i'ir Exportatiuij, I assure Yonr Lordship it is very I'ctit; And that on this Account, Abundance of Fkmr

|as liecn alnnnly Condemned, and more will be m \'vvy Day, From tlie Isliinds iind Neighbouring Proviticei^* I

Itn li4jurly n'riMvin^if very pressing Applications*, s^onae

If whicli I hrnnvHh transmit to you, desiring your

[ordship's Advice^ Iheivupon, One Case I do jinrtirvihH'ly mf'ommend to your Lord lip, lliat of ('ajitaiu Sampson MilHin, the GeutU-man

|lin ]s Oir flr^uTi^ nf tht>se Dispatches, His Phnrat^- .(nil \ (IhIi il\ liMVr me no liemn (n tlimhf nt }\\y

[i'IMIi <ir llii' ^■^'Vl-r;ll l'\^|rEs >i't fVi|"|]s \l\ ][\> [*i]]\U*\\.

|\ \vlii« [i yniir [.i^r Eih.|iip wW] si <, tli^u inM mils i\ vnluii Mr;inrli nl TiMilr hi ilnal lliihiin. hiti \h* \j\>^

William Denny. 815

To the Assembly concerning a bill for the transpor- tation of the Provincial forces to South Carolina.

pENTLEMEN:

[jr When the Forces shall be foniph^at, in order to engaj;e a Number of them to ^o to South Carolin>», t will be necessary to offer an handsome Bounty, in vhich, as well as their Transportation and the other Sxpences attendinj< my Stipulation with Lord Lou- loun, I shall depend on your Assistance, and desire :ou will prepare a Dill immediately for that Purpose, n which I shall very chearfully concur with You.

I have not time at present to take Notict* of the ither Parts of your Message.

WILLIAM DENNY.

June 17th, 1757.

To the Assembly Concerning the mihtia bill.

GENTLEMEN: My Time has lu^en >h) taken up in preparing Dis- patches to the Earl of Loudoun representing to His [A)rd8hip the Distresses of this Province, occasioned »y the long Continuanct* of the P^mbargo, and other blatters of a Publi<- Nature, that I have not had Time o consider the Militia Hill laid before me on Thurs- lay last with the Atteuti<m that is due to a Hill of so •:reat Importance. I am, therefore, under the Neces lity of desiring that you will not adjourn this Evening, IS 1 was informed by two of your Members you in- ended; And I hope to l)e able to return you my An ;wer to that Hill on Monday next.

WILLIAM DENNY. June 18th, 1757.

52__Vol. II— 4th Ser.

i6

Papers of the Governors-

better to the Earl of Londoiin coTicerning ihc statt of the provitice and certain acts of the Assembly.

Philadelpbia, 18th Jimf% ITSl I #Y U>RD:

yj^ I have the Honour, tbo' lute, to iicknoi^k'diie yunr Lardslnp-s Letter of the Tith of May, wlud ame to my Hands* at Lanoaaten amid»t the Ixn kmferences; An Account of wliich, I tnake no donlit. a» been already tntDsnittted to yon by Mr* Croghan, *hofie Secretary, ouly, was alloiv^ to tnke tin* Mil*, tes,

I immediately it^tjued Writs to call the Ai^neiDblv, nd they shoii'd have met on the ^ftth May, hnt n Qnf» inn lint ;^ltf'lnlill^^ An AdjiHiriiiiit'iit \s;is [liiuh/ m tin Ih Inskiiil, W'lreii i Ijiid brffiii^ Mhmii ytmr Lfir<jF^lu|l'^ .<dt(M'S, and lhowe of Ow SiaT<-tnrv nf Sinh\ firi'^^m;; fu'iM lo \wh\ niii'diriuc llnvn^H. Thry (iidiln-rajril till

i

William Denny. 817

a Supply Bill, as they knew I oou'd not pass; and so continued sitting till Your Lordship came here in

March. I have the Pleasure to inform Your Lord-

•

ship, that out of their small Funds they have begun to build a Battery and Barracks at Newcastle, and I shall call them together as soon as the Assembly rises.

As to the Assembly's endeavouring to lay on me the Blame of not sending the Detachment stipulated for the Defence of South Carolina, I must, in my own Vindication, set forth to your Lordship, that I was actually writing a Message to the House at the latter End of their last Sessions, when some of their Mem bers accidentally coming in told me, that such a Mes- sage was unnecessary, for the Commissioners wou'd readily supply what shou'd be wanted on my Applica- tion. In Truth, my Lord, the same Obstruction that made imposs^ible to spare such a Number of Men out of the Provincial Forces, subsists to this Day; most of the Provincials, as I told your Lordshij) in my last Letter, were enlisted only for a Year, which expiring about the Time these Forces were wanted for Soutli Carolina, I pressed the Commissioners to offer a Bonn ty, and to give proper Encouragement to the Officers who were employed in the recruiting Service, but not- withstanding the Exigency of the Occasion, they ob- stinately refused to allow any Bounty, or to pay the Officers their Recruiting Expences. At last they of- fered a Dollar Bounty, and since that a Pistole, but still refuse to allow the Officers their Charges, by Means whereof the Number of Provincials, as your Lordship \^ill see by the Copy of the enclosed Return of the Commissary of the Musters, doe» but now amount to about 000 Private Men.

Your Lordship will observe how highly the Assem bly resent the good Advice you was i)leased to give them, to desist from all further Treating with the Indians.

1 8 Papers of the Governors*

The A^si^nibly, in tbt* CkjBt' ihf tht'ir Mi»?*»ngi% lwiii lain that Parties have not hven «i*in nui, wliirli l^ris^i 1l<^ ilii've \Hnu^ slHiidiiiji: Orcltn*^ fur tinmtunt Pal rolls. mJ tile Meaf^ureH M^tlt'd hy Vuur Lordi^hiiJ with iim% i the PreseDce of (\>loin*l Clapliatii antl Li**uri*ii't PoW iAh Armstrong and \^Vise^, f<^r tlie l>eft^n<'i* of the riruti*TE4, and the Number of the rei^pei'tive (iiirri«ou«^^ iivini^ been eoinplied with as fur aif let pnietlejiblcv - ^|

*V>l(iiiel Ktiuiwix enrami>ed at (*arlit*le tlie :i<HU af usr Month, and wriley that lie neuda out freqiumt I'uutiiig Parties.

Th*' Ni^w8 i)f viuir Siuress in thr intendH Exi»t*di ,uu« will give inhnite lHeaji»are to bini, wtiu U, U|^ «, -ord, with Hm^ }ii*!!H»st EHf<t^Tii i\w\ Afft'rtif>ri, ^

Ytiui Liinishijrs nioh^l ohrdient Ari'i MKisi hiiinblr Sn v'r,

WILLIAM l^KNNV.

Tm Mm- i'^arl (if LtiiuliMnK

Williaiji Denny. S19

late Honour conferred on You, with the Warmth and Hincerity of a Friend. I am, Sir,

Your Excellency'^ most obedient And most humble Si»rvant,

WILLIAM DENNY; To Sir Charles Hardy.

To the Assembly concerning the raising of troops, the militia bill and certain complaints presented by them.

GENTLEMEN: The first Part of your Message containing nothing more than Excuses why you will not comply with ihe Demands made on this Province by His Majesty, in the Letters of the Secretary of State and my Lord Loudoun, to raise an additional Number of Forces, I shall, therefore, take no further Notice of it than to inform You that I have already transmitted your M(»s- 8age to his Lordship, and shall take the firat Oppor- tunity of sending it to the King's Ministi^rs, who will judge how well those Excuses are founded.

It is evid(»nt tluit Lord T^oudoun is not satisfied with what has already li(*en done by this Province, or he wouM not have d« luanded the raising of an additional Five Hundred Men — A Denmud found(»d in the highest Wisdom and Prudence; sin(t\ having no Militia, tht»se extcmded Frontiers should not be h^ft exposed to dif ferent Attacks, and the doubtfull Events and Chances of War.

I was in ho]H»s a Nobleman of His Tx>rdship's dis tinguisird Merit and Abilities, in whom His Majesty has repos^Hl so liij^li a Tonfid^'nce and Tru«vt, w^ou'd have escaped your Censures. Whoever knows His Lordship's indefiitigable Industry, and Application to

20

Papers of the Governors.

I

uuiness, nud the strict Atteatlou be gives to tlie Cm let of thin and the other Colonies, nmnt ttlearlj lie mvinwd of the injustice of jour IiisiuuatioB. thm In pressing you for an nddilional Niittiliei" of Forcet owing to the Waat of duly weighing the large BuiEi ' Honey alnady g:mnted, and Ui» Lordshlp'it Ign^^ ^ ince of the Circumstances of this Province, f

It will be endless to enter into a Dispute about tb^ ilitia BilL How far it was at tirst, or is, with tht ^ Iterations »iuee made, adapted to the Circunistaiiri** | ad Defence of the Province, must be submitted to oar uperiors to Determine, I shall only mention Two hingB: First, That the late Bill which pa^^^ed \\iv. lonse of Coninifin» subjected the Militin, in Time (^f ' jsiHict'tiuu fir liivasiioiu to i\w l*^*nnltifs <if lh':Mh^i>f ii'h <illii^i- fluil^iiiriii as a I'uiU't Mnitial shoifd Iritllrr eeoudly, Tliut lln^ \.;\\\ rt*prii1< <1 lyv Mis Maj<'sTy chii iliHi't] a ("inji-r Mai'iiiil U\v llir 'Xv\\\\ uf Otl't-adert«,

William Denny. 821

tainly thought a good one by the I^rds of Trade, who have Injected a warm Application made against it; Whereas the old Law of this Province was repealed on their Lordships' Report by the King in Council, and your present Bill is worse than that, and liable to more Objections.

In Answer to your Charge of Partiality in favour of the Lower Counties, I wou'd observe that, before my Arrival, it is well known they gave for the King's use as much as their Circumstances wou'd permit, and no doubt they wou'd have since that shewn the same Spirit of Loyalty and Duty to His Majesty if an Op- portunity had been given them. But your sitting pre- vented the Continuance of their first Meeting, and since that my Attention has been so much engaged by the Business of this Government, the Indian Con- ferences, your long Sessions of Assembly, and the (jreat Affairs to be transacted with th(» Commander- in-Chief, that I cou'd not attend their Adjournment; so that the Imputation attempted to be cast on Me, as well as the Ivower Assembly, you know to be unjust, and without the least Foundation.

Your being pleased to find Fault with that Assem- bly for keeping their Transactions from Pnblick view, gives me to hoi)e that You will for the future favour me with regular Copies of your Minutes, in Conformity to the constant Practice of the House of Commons, whose Votes are y)ublished daily. This I further de- mand of You, b(*caiise You profess your Determination of laying your TranF»actions befoi-e the King's Min- istei*s, which I very much approve of.

As to your apprehensions of being Loadeil with the Defects of the Assembly of the Lower Counties, I wou'd observe, that your Proceedings are too well known, both in America and Great Britain, to admit of anv Doubt. You need not, therefore, be under anv

Papers of the Govemors,

oiinTH ubom tUe* World'e uii«$liikini; ihv Coodiict of i\ ntlK*r Asseniblv for Yours;

You ^<tH*tu suriiriT?x'd that I ilid n*>l lav bofare you y StiiMilatioiis with my Lord Limdoini, wiijili relating V it *^fHTot Expediftou eon'd not at tii*>if wiflj ProprnM^ ^ rinuiiniiiu-atiHl tr> tin* A!**t*iJildy. And lH***i(li^s* rliis. i the Di^ttdniienr I stipulated for wa^ to be*iraui;jhteii it of the ProvitJiMJil Fortes, 1 siiw it vva.s impo^^itili* t H}iaro any till saib Time as tlie^r Foirrt* MhouM lir >iri|dt*ated, of whiub there was m* kind of I'nmfiiTt I tlial Time.

My liuty, nierefoir, wa*« to urge* the Ooiiinii»3*innera I eueouragt* th** Reiruiting Hervic^e hy priDf? a proiJi-r rMtniy roetodi Rerniit. Thsit AfTwir liunjr too lotitrOT)

ih*: anil wiHinul smy utjUT Allii\\:nire In tlir nrinirii lan a hoMMr pir .M;ni. \sriiilk li;is sin re Ipt^-ii uiki'U

William Denny. 823

Order, signified by my Lord Loudoun, with regard to Indian Treaties, you are to consider thein as such, and not as his Lordship's w Mine. It grievx^s me to tell You that what you call Reflections published with Pleasure by me, respecting the (.'onduct of the People of this Province?, are Observations of the Commander- in-Chief on their i)ast Measures, which I cou'd not answer keeping secret; therefore, it is too delicate a Matter for me, who am not personally concerned, even to attempt to answer your Objectoins. However, you will remark that Lord Loudoun expressly says, "That the People of this Province have obstinately insisted in carrying on Negotiations with the Indians, and have even sent to negotiate with them separately in the King's Agent's own House;'' which was very par- ticular, when the Ciovernors themselves were strictly forbid to mtnldle with Indian Tn*aties in any Shape whatsoever.

Nothing shall be wanting on my Part, in Coujunc tion witb the King's Agent, to settle any Differences subsisting with the Indians. Numbers have been Wit- nesses to my Candour and Impartiality in the late Transactions for that puri)ose, and pai*ticularly some of your own Body. IIow can you then presume to in- sinuate a Doubt to the contrary?

As a Judge I can never suppose^ an Accusal tiyn proved before it be heard, even against the lowest Person of the Country; nor ought I when the First and highest are misrepresented and blackened. Which of you, (rentlemen, wou'd like such Tn^^atment? And what wou'd you f:*ay, if a Chief Magistrate acted such a l*art in Matt(*rs ix^lating to your Character and Property?

The Proinnetaries who have the (lovernment under the King's Charter are ready to mak<» ample Satisfac- tion to the Indians, in Case any Fraud, with Respect to Purchases, app^nirs to have been committed by their

Papers of the Governors,

Igents; but the Charge is bo lieinoiis against Gentle-

IfMi in their high StatioDj that it will be a particular

lltNistire to nie to right their Honour, and at the &anje

line do the Iniliaiif^ Justice, in Case it appears that

|i* ir Cnrnphiints tnv well founded.

^Vhat y*m have, therefore, so confidently affirmed

• he the Chief Cause of the present Indian Ravage*,

far from being 80 evident as to admit of no Contni^

ieliou. Teedyu^L'ting at the last Confen^nces At Eau

tn, openly and lionestlj declared that the supiiosed

Jiiiidulent J^iHThiise was not the real Cause, tho' tlie

low fell heavier on that Account, How then can it

ase^erted that the Hostilities aro^ on Account of

Mier rnrrhasew, whereof he haa never made any Mfn

|nii? \;iy \Mii UuiiW fuKlur, \hi\i i\u- I ^ puiirs i»l ih.

ix N;Mi<ms ]\[\\i]'' \m rnmjibiiiii nf ilus Xsurjn^ tIh>

\[r t^ntsMidj \wi?^ \n\{ In Uii III if) iIh" nmsi [mhlir nh4

William Denny. 825

was worse carried on in any Country in the World. Of that I have spoke above, and long since ofifered a Remedy. As to the Rest, constant Patroles and rang- ing parties have been ordered Out, but even this Ser- vice ha« been materially checked when the Soldiers wanted both Pay and Necessaries, and more particu- larly when the very moderate Demands of lieutenant Colonel Armstrong were refused, who had Instructions to encamp with Three Hundred Men the latter End of March or the beglnnig of April in an advanced Post, to cover that Frontier. The Attacks of the Enemy might either have been prevented or they cut off in their Retreat; many Murders consequently wou'd not have been committed, and many Prisoners not led into the worst of Slavery, if my reasonable Application had been complied with, w^hich wou'd have put the Publiek to very little Expence; And the Remainder of the Proprietary Present was more than a sufficient Fund for that Expedition. As to the Assertion of the Numbei*s of each Battalion not being kept up, it has been shewn to have been o\^ing to the determined Resolution of the Commissioners to retard the Recruit- ing Service. Standing Orders were given on my first Coming to re-inlist Men whose Times wore Expired, and to compleat the several Companies. The Two Battalions of the Pennsylvania Regiment have been generally compleat, which, all things considered, is to be looked upon as next to a Miracle.

With Respect to the Augusta Regiment, about Three Months ago the Men were ready to mutiny for want of Pay. The Commanding Officer expected to be be- sieged every Hour; the Carrison was very weak, and the Works not tinisluHl. It was absolutely necessary that the Offic^Ms shou'do n^nain there for the Defence of the I*la<H», and rhcy were ord(M'(»d to use their utniosl Endeavours to (piiet the Men, who loudly demanded their I*ay and Discharges, and engage them to re-

Papers of the Governors.

Uai, nov etiiiVi tbr^j b<* spared to ^o ti Kt'cruUiiii^ tiil [*m\y wim seal tr> pav tin* Kt'j^innnjt, I wa>* *^vt*ii idor a Necessity tu reiiiFriri^ tin- (T;nriKim with Thr* e iiniianieHof auutln^r Battalioti mjd tlnnr (►tfkvis^. Ami HH mort' wfne rtrd^rfd for tlu^ D^ft^u** of tliai Jtu rtaiit riaie, wlj4t iffusifd lo iijjurli for want nf l*£i)' id Ne4'esftarii*s. I

You do wtdl Ui hifttvm me of IIji* 3iIii4rondiJi-T nf I'l-r^ ns* emiiloyed in tlje Hj^rvice of the Uavpriiment: l)tit 11 won d lunv done liettiT hi havf iiK'niirmi'd rheir nnr^; I have i-onnnlHKioiM'd iioiu' tttit^h. Hiitii; y«iurj ■t«if«, and they shiHl be ivnu^ved, (k^nrral Af»|»er-j mw huve a very l>iid .V |ipt^ranei\ and Umj freiiueollrJ e ill j^nrnndHl and manrimin. -^^^Bi

'riii^ ^^ Imlr j(f tjh'sr I'rinisjit'hMtis will \u- iiMumniilti'l mill- ns ^oi>n i\H pussilih^

'1 lins 1 hiivr <'n*h"nvciiirr(l in jihsvmt ymir inosi <i iiurflihiiry .Mes!sji^i<* with 'i\^in[»t'r ;nid >i<Mlfi';iTM>TL

William Denny. 827

Proclamation appointing a day for fasting and prayer.

BY THE H()X0!:KABLE WILLIAM DENNY, ES- quire. Lieutenant (TO\^rnor and Commander-in- Chief of the Provinee of Penni^ylvania, and Coun ties of Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware,

A PROCLAMATION.

Whereas, under a Continuance of di- vine Judgments, the Minds of a People shoud l>e repeatedly and more earnestly called upon to make the warmest Appli cations to the Throne of (irace, as it may reas(mably be concluded, from such a con- tinuance, that they have not made a due Improvement of former Judgments by niakLi^j; them the Means of learning Right- eousness; And Wliereas, tin* wisest Na- tions have ever thoiight it their Duty when the Hand of Heaven was mow i)articularly stretched out again^^t them, to set apart })articular Seasons for a more Pub lie and Solemn Humiliation of themselves before the* Lord their Maker; And Whereas such a Conduct seems at present more especially to be our Duty when our Mother Country is involved in an heavy and Calami lous Wav by an nnnarural Combination of European Powers against Ina*, and The^se her American Colo- nies, bleedinj^ under the murderous Outrages of the Heathen on our Borders, equally threatening the Do- struction of the British and Protestant Interest; Wherefore, upon weighty Consideration of these Things, I have thought fit, by the Advice of the Coun- cil, to apiK)int Friday, the Eight day of July next, to be observed throughout this Province and (\)untys under my Crovernment as a Day of Public tTasting, Prayer, and Humiliation Iv^fore the Lord our (lod; And I do exhort and strictly enjoin all His Majesty's lo\ing Sub

828 Papers of the Governors.

jects, within the Piovince and Counties aforesaid, to observe the Fast with becoming ReAnerenee and De- votion; to abstain from all servile Labour on that Day, and to join in most fervent Supplications to Almighty God that He wou'd be pleased, thro' the infinite Merits and Intercession of his Son Jesus Christ, to forgive Us our Sins, both National and Private; to avert the Punishm«mts justly due to them; to give ua Grace for the Amendment of our Lives; to relieve us from the Calamities We groan under; to bless His Majesty's Anns, both by Sea and Land, and especially the Expedition under His Excellency the Earl of Lou- doun, wherein We are so nearly concerned; that it may be the Means of securing to Us and our latest Pos- terity the solid Enjoyment of lasting Peace, pure Re- ligion, and all our other inestimable Privileges, as Britons and Protostants. And lastly, 1 do recom- mend it to the several Ministers of the Gospel to com- pose Prayers and Sermons suitable to the Occasion, to he used in tlieir respective Churches and Places of Worship on that Day, and to jiublish this Declaration to their (\)iijj;re^atious, immediately afl(^r divine Ser vi((% on some of tlie Lord's Dayj^ piveeding the sai<] Fast. (Jivcii uiuUt my Hand and the (rreat Seal of the said

I'roviiice At IMiihidelpliia, the Thiitc^^nth Day of

June, in the Thirtic^tli Year of His Majesty's Keiga.

And in the \vi\r of our Lord, One Thousand Stnea

Hundred and Fifty-Seven.

AVILLIAM DKWY. lly His Honour's Command.

Ki<har(l IN'Ums, Secretary. (lOD SAVK TDK KINO.

William Denny. 829

To the Assembly Concerning the memorial of Sir John St. Clair upon the necessity of opening one or more roads on the frontiers of Cumberland County for the Convenience of the army under General Braddock.

GENTLEMEN: The Matter set forth in the Memorial of Sir John St. Clair, Deputy Quarter Master General, is of so much Consequence to His Majesty's Service, and the Ease of the People of this Province, who may be dis- tressed by a Body of Troops halting and heavily quar- tered upon them, in Case the Baggage Wagons are stopped by the Badness of the Roads. I, therefore, recommend to you to take this immediately into your (Consideration, and prepare a Bill to supply the Defects of the Laws, now in Force, for the Repair of Roads and Highways, so that they may be widened and mended ^hile the Season permits.

WILLIAM DENNY. June 22nd, 1757.

To the Assembly urging the raising of troops.

GENTLEMEN: On the Intelligence herewith sent you, which 1 received this Afternoon, by Express from Colonel Stanwix, I am obliged to press you in the warmest terms, to encourage the Raising Recruits, by giving the same I-*evy Money to the Officers for each Recruit as is given in the King's Service, or by the Neighbour- ing Provinces, The safety of the Country, and the Lives of the Inhabitants depending on the Troops being compleated as (expeditiously a» is possible. I hourly expect further Accounts from Colonel Stanwix,

p Papers of the Govemurs.

[id tUmrv you will not sf'|mnit*' till tt i^ rotif lipTT the Attack will falL

VVILTJAM DEXNT, Jone 23d, 1757,

Letter to George Croi^han upon Inciiaii Affairs^

PUUadelpliia. Junt* 2:M. 1751. ^IR: J The Mt'Bfe^ii^erti, Kathafiiel ami Kaiharias*, an*

tiirnttl from TrfilviiseimK vvitU an Aii*4W<^r, that ^e was <>n(* Flimtln d Milt^« ulmvt* [>iah*>|:(>: had htm^

IhIciIiioU i\\ Krisiiin: w:is t'Nicnlhi^ ^lad Ui vwihi' \\ Mrssam'. aiHl vvuaM sci niii -Ukmh ICijzlii h^^vsaft'r ic M^j^stMi^crs. I!r may Ix- ^^\]K'^t^ d lii'ir ahiMii ih - Vi^^ W(n*lv in Jnl\, 111* lM'lli;MiH in' msiv runiv sntnnl.

•William Denny. 831

Letter to Governor De Lancey conveying intelli- gences from Colonel. Stanwix concerning the move- ments of the Enemy.

Philadelphia, 24th June, 1757.

SIR: I have to acknowledge your favour of the 3d and 2 1st Instant. Expecting every Post wou'd have brought me an Account from You of His lordship's Sailing, I deferred to Express my Satisfaction at the Administration of the (xovernment's devolving On You. It will give me a sensible Pleasure to have the Honour of your Torres i>ondence; And I shall think myself Happy if I can contribute to the I*ublic Ser- vice by transmitting Intelligence to you, or by any other Means.

I »hall forward the Letters I0 the Southern Prov- inces where the I*orts are open. In my (lovernment the Embargo has been strictly obwM'ved, and will be till the Day fixed in Consequence of my Lord's Direc- tions.

The Intelligence I herewith send you came by Ex- press from (^oloncl Stanwix Yesterday, and I desire you will forward Copies to General Webb, with my romi)lements and KespcH-ts; rtnd I shou'd have wrote to him on this Occasion but wo'd not detain the Ex- press, having k(»pt it Jilready longer than I shouM chuseby the Assembly's' detaining the Letters. I shou'd be likewise obliged to you to let my Lord know it by the very first Oi)p()rtunity.

I have requc^sted the Assembly not to depart till we receive furtluM* Accounts, and know for certain the Number of (he Enemy, and where the Attack will be made. A Militia Bill with some trifling Altera- tions, but the same in (»lt'ect with the one I rejected at their last Sessions, has been offered me for my Con- currence and a<raiu rejected, which embarasses me 53— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Govepnors.

eedingly jis Lu Hiu Defence of the extended Fron- i uf (Lis Couiiti^y, 1 \>ill, liowever, do the l»est I

uj 11 wa lien tbits :iiFiituated People to take up Arms iitiauk thc^ i'uuiiiKin Enemy.

I anij with y;reat Regard j Sir, V'oiir most obedient A: most humble Bepvantj

WILLIAM DENNY. lovernor De Lani-ey.

|eUer C(>nceniing ilie reports of the movements of tlie Enemy <

niihnirliniMi, *2AUi Jrinr. 1757.

|i:ai; sik:

AlMkMi :uk ih'in ailcr vvriniti: im_\ l-cih i i^i \>^

William Denny. 833

determined not to open the Conferences unless he be present.

I thank you for your kind Advices; For the future you will have weekly Opportunities of writing by the Post, of which I know you will avail your self when- ever any Thing occurs worthy of Communication.

In Case the Accounts be confirmed, and I am not supported by the Assembly to do better, I shall order one or more of the Lower County Regiments of Militia to march into the Forts on this side of Sasquehanna, which will give Liberty to the Provincials to move towards you wherever you shall be.

What can be done in this infatuated Province, whose Assembly have again presented to Me for my Concur- rence the Militia Bill which I rejected at their last Sessions, I cannot tell; The Council have under their Consideration the State of the Province, and Nothing shall be omitted in my Power to rouse the Inhabitants out of their Lethargy and put them under Arms.

If the Indians who are coming to the Treaty are i^ally our Friends, they will not refuse to give their Assistance, and they will furnish a considerable Force if their Numbers answer the Account given by the Messengers; You see how Nect^ssary Mr. Croghan*s Presence is, and if he be with you please to dispatch him to Me with your Orders forthwith, or if he shouM have left you and should want your Directions, I re- <]uest they may be forwarded to him by Express.

Mr. Atkins' Letter to Mr. Croghan is copying and shall be returned to You. Inclosed is a I>etter from Sir John St. Clair, who sets out for York to-morrow; It is very happy that his State of Health will permit him to assist you in sending up Provisions to the Troops, or doing any other Service in his Power if Sir John's Health wou'd permit.

May success att(^nd you wherever you march, and the News of your gaining any Advantage over the

\-

Papers cif the Governors.

en\v will ghe infitiiti* Joy to mvi I lipaHily !4t-ir with >oti, jind Am,

Jtsir Hii\ V(Hjr iinmt tvliCNiipnl liuiiililf^ Snfvant,

WILLIAM DEKKY.

tter to I he CnllecUir autlmrizing the Embargo on vessels in ilic pon of Philatlelphtn to he raii^eih

IMutadclpluJU ^uili JuiK*. Ii5t< IK:

Lord T/frin!oini bavins; stfjnified U) itii% tiy Li^ttef, u( tliL* r>ili Itiw'r. that the* Ihvt wa^* ivaily ic> «all, I thiit. ill ranJMTU'tioTi with Sir fliarlos Hnnlr, h *^ ay;rc< rl I lull I hi' I'^iiLjir;^^ slnni'il imi 1m^ nuv Sihj;:»i illiniit], nn A'i;U]iU (if tli)^ Sri'vim lliiy \\*'rr ;r<'in^ 1 [tail Si'U'ii h;i \ s jiffiM" I heir Sriiliui:: A ml t Sia+i iifn

LiMrny hjlviliL i llfnliiird Mr lliat [W^ LoKlsliip M.|;«

William Denny. 83^

Militia of the Lower Counties to march for the Defence of this Province; and further, to apply for a Body of the Militia of New Jersey. These Troops shou'd be supplied with Ammunition, l^rovisions. Carriages, Quarters, and such other Necessaries as may be want- ed for the (^onveniency of their marching and Encamp- ment; besides, there will be wanting Anns and Ac- coutrements for the Voluntiers. I most earnestly rec- ommend it to you to make the proper Revisions for these several Articles, otherwise the Consequence will be fatal to this Province.

WILLIAM DENNY. June 25th, 1757.

Letter to George Croghan concerning the proposed Indian treaty at Easton.

Philadelphia, 7th July, 1757.

SIR: This Morning, arrived an Express from Rethle hem, with a Letter, acquainting me that Tivdyus- cung is arrived at Fort Allen, where are now Two Hundred Indians, old and Young; and One Hundred Senecas are still expected. When these arrive; Teedy uscung will proceed to Easton; and there, it seems, I must m(*t*t him and hold the Treaty. This Express is sent on Purjiose to hasten your Coming. 1 leave it to you, either to go to Easton, or come hero, as you Incline.

I have some late Accounts from Sir William John- son, with a Letter fiom him, which I shall communi- cate to you when 1 have the pU^asure to S(*e you. I am. Sir, Your most humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

Papers of the Governors.

Itter Ui a deputation of the Society of Friends ex- pressiiii^ tlie displeasure of the Proprietaries at fheir interference in treaties with the Indians,

KNTLKMKN:

TIh^ rro[)riet!U ii-j* have aequaioted me *'that the

l^iji'l of IhiUfax liuB eDmmimicated to them, with

h' stronf,^ Exprcjjisions of DiBsatisf action, a Treaty*

Id witb Indians at Pbiladt^lpbia by the People ca I rd

|akers, ^vliitdi his Lordship was plt^aeed to think

most extniordiuary prcicrfiire be had ever s^eeti

iPi^rsons who w^ne on the same Footing only with

others of thi* King's private Bubjects to presunu^

Tvv^t with Ifori i^n Prineeis, And, further, tbut

rli(^ KiilTMriiiLi iin\ onr I'iirt at llir Kini:'s Siihjn ts,

i'Mn'1'ut ;i dills^l^'Ot l*rt^i1■^silJ^l o\' l^'liiiinli, in \]ii\\-

■r I'lsi' ilisiiii<j:uishid. Ii^ Wi'tw i!s M^'diiilurs liri v\ M'h

|l^*o\iiM'<^ in wlnrh ilii'V llvv :iin] ;iti\ lu(lt[n'iji]t"iH

pi<^ is |]m- lilLzhi^sl Invasjnit of Mis ^liijrsl^'^ I't.

William Denny. S37

Offence to the Ministers, it wou'd be prudent in You to decline going in a Body.

WILLIAM DENNY. July 11th, 1757.

Letter advising the Friendly Associations, or Society of Quakers, not to appear at the Indian treaty at Easton in a body.

Philadelphia, iSth July, 1757, 12 O'Clock.

GENTLEMEN: As 3'ou know, I am desired and most strictly en- joined not to suffer any particular Body or Society to concein themselves in Treaties with Indians or, on any Pretence, to give Presents to them. It is out of my Power to prevent y'r Presents to be given. I shall once more repeat my Advice: You wou'd do well to decline appearing at the ensuing Treaty in a Body; Your Attendance at Treaties, as a distinct Society, having given great offence to the Ministry.

WILLIAM DENNY.

Letter concerning the address of the Friendly Asso- ciation, taking exception to certain statements therein.

Philadelphia, 15th July, 1757, 2 o'Clock.

GENTLEMEN: Your Address in some Parts of it which relate to Transactions that have passed since my Admin- istration, misrepresents several important Facts, and contains some Reflections on the Conduct of the Pro-

t the Govertiovs- papers oi tne ^

.<• -^t Eastott-

3

h.-V'-^'""':'':,. M.i=.i"'M"

-v.i"'^'^--''-;.":;;i;;;n'>..u>i'^>''

William Denny. 839

that for some time subsisted between us, and cau- tioned me not to give Credit to any idle Stories that might be going about. I shall retain in my Mind this good Advice; and as we have likewise a great many foolish People among us, who may have raised and IH'opagated false Rei)ort« to obstruct the good Under- standing between us, wch. We are now mutually en- deavouring and taking Pains to establish on a solid and durable Foundation; I desire you will shut your Ears against them, and believe nothing but what comes from Me or the King's Agent in relation to Pub- lic Affairs.

A String. Brethi-en :

You may remember that in the first Conferences You attributed the Hegiuning of the juvsc^nt Troubles in a great Measure to the Confusions that had arisen from so umny People's having concerned themselves in IMiblic Treaties, and that, th(»r(»fore, the Indians had agreed to put the Manag<Miient of their Affairs into the Hands of a Few, And that Two Kings only were appointed to transact jniblic Hnsiness, of which you, Tc*edyuscung, was one. You weiv told that the great King of all the English had found the like Incon- veniences from so many of his Colonies holding sepa- rate and distinct Treati<»s with Indians, and therefore had given one gc^neral Commission to your good Friend and Brother Sir William Johnson to be his sole Agent in Indian Affairs for this district. To him I desire you will go and hiy ail that had passi^l b(»tw^een you and the Governnn^nt before him for his Approbation.

According as I then jjromised, I have transmitted to that (ientleman all our Proceedings, which he ha?* iKH^n pleast^d to ajjprove of; and by Commission pro- duced to me, and now rt^ady to be shewn you, he has constituted and appointed Mr. Croghan his Deputy Agent for Indian Affairs in this Province, with par

a Papers of the Governors,

ular directioiis to hear any Complaioti*, aud nccomuioduting ihe DUTerem-eii you may have witJi \ Majt.**ily'B Hubjcrts, and parlli-ularly lliune net forth j your Tr*»!ity witti me hr*n* in NovtniilK*r lawt; nt llmj lie time Hir William Johnnou finding in the Confer-i veE sent him that you dt»si|^nt.*d uii a Vimt in Lk«l ring, was kind enough to send a Uepntntiori of the I Is'attoDs to attend at that Meeting, who watted «| ig time in Expectation of atcing you, but on yaiif ' t being able to come, and tliey being under a nvem^ y of returning home, I went to I^ncanter at th^*ir qnest, took tlit^ni hy the Hand, and eonfurrpd with ?ni; at the»e Cunlei-enees Mr. Croghan^ the I>epai>^ Sir William Jolinsoo was present, and ^ttled wfth ' 11 U' l^'oniis hj lit' oltscrve-d in llir Tin 'Uiy, ;uid IiIn irt'lary only \\a> p<*riinn<d Ui talu^ down thi* \i\'i\^ nlin^s: Ku uHn^r pci^imi Itfin^ alliiwi^d \t\ tuki^ ^liii- i*j?t of nliiH [lash-il ril lliost* TunlVrf tu^<^s. md rVL*ii

William Denny. 841

desired. In our Conference Yesterday, you had an Instance of the exact manner and care of taking down what passed, and 1 hope it gave you entire Satisfac tion. Brother:

Agreable to your Request at our last Meeting, 1 now i)resent you with a true Copy of your Proceed- ings with tliis Government, under the Great Seal of the Province, which, as they will remain on Record, you may alw^ays have Recourse to.

July 15, 1757.

T.etter to George Crojsrlian concerning" tlie demand of Teedyuscung, King of the Delawares, for a clerk of his own at the Indian conference at Easton.

Easton, 23rd July, 1757.

SIR: This day fo'ir of the Provincial Commissioners waited on me, attending Teedyuscung and several other Indian Chiefs, and after demanding a Confer- ence on their behalf, i)resented to me a Remonstrance of a very extraordinary Nature, a Copy of which I now enclose you; it is a great Surprise to me that Teedyus- cung, after receiving my answer last night in your Pi'ej^ence, to his recjuest of having a Clerk of his own, and expressing himself perfectly satisfied with the Reasons I then gave for my not inclining to comply with a Demand so new and unprecedented, should suddenly change his mind, and with so much warmth and Displeasure renew his Application to the same Purpose. However, as you are appointed Deputy to Sir William Johnson, and His Majesty's Honour and the Interest of his Subjects are greatly concerned in

42

Papers of the Governors.

tiU mutt or, I dufiiiv you will H|?Hiii tnU<^ tlH*!f Demais jtw your niOKt serioiiB rori«idt*rution. iiud l(?t loe koeir i*hat inn! ytm inrliin- to a*'( iijHm tho Oc-iumltm, I atiij Sir, your humble St-rvnnt,

WILLIAM DKKNY, To rieorge Proglian. Ksq'n

answer to the remonstrance of four of the Pronncta Cunimissiuners. on hehalf of Uttf Delauart* Chid,

TecdyLiscung, agaiii^i treatv at Ra?ston.

half of Uttf Delauart* Chicly the mode of managing tln^^

ICii^lon. -Inly J4lli. I TriT. "^KXTLKMMX: T I liiiv** riKisidn + rl flip Ui njniish miiic \fiu jinsjiit-

William Denny. 843

me to acquaint you, that your presuming on this Occa- sion, either as Commissioners or private Subjects, to receive any Comjilaint of Application from the In- dians, and taking upon you to Remonstrate in their Behalf to me, is illegal, unconstitutional, introductive of the greatest Confusions and Mischiefs, and the high- est Invasion of the just Kights of the Crown; which I will always (as it is my indispensable Duty) endea- vour to support and maintain. By what means Teedy useung canie to apply, in the first: Instance, and de manded that he might appoint a Clerk to take down the Minutes of the Ti'eat}-, at a Time when both he and you knew I was in Town, and had been in Con- ference with him, I am at a Loss to determine; nor is it less surprizing io me, that you should undertake to give him your Opinion of the matter [as you ac- knowledg(*d you did], and pronounce his Demand so very reasonable and just, before he had advised with me upon it. As it is well known, Teedyuscung, ui>on till Occasions, had met with a fn^e and oi)en Access to me, and ever found me both ready and willing to hear anything he had to proiK)se, an Application from you, or any other of his Majesty's Subjects, on behalf of the Indians appeare the more extraordinary.

1 am most sincer(*ly disposed to use all the Measures in my Power to bring this Tn^aty to an happy issue, and to establish a firm and lasting Peace with the Indians; but am resolutely determined not to suffer the Rights of the Crown to be invaded. I, therefore, enjoin you, as I shall all others, in the strictest man ner, that you do not, c^ither mediately or immediately, under any pretence whatsoever, interi)ose in the Course of this Treaty between me, Mr. Croghan, the King's De])uty Agent, and the Indians; nor carry on the least Intercourse with them on Matters of a Pub-

Papers of the Governors.

|:k Concern, a a vau %vill Answer the Contrary to lih [aje^ty at your TltIK

WILLIAM DENNY. IVo Messrs, Jos. Fax% John Hughe?^, William Masters. I Jos. Uallowav, t\mr of the Proviocial Comim^toEer&

Speech to 'I'ecdyuscimg, Chief of the Delawares*

(KOTHER;

I lun e coosidertxi the Second Application you

mndv \i\ iiir V<^^1fnl?iy, tliaf ymi nifprht npyinint :i

|l< 1 ]^ [([ Siiril n\ui in hike l|n\Mj )]h- MiUTilis li! oui urciMlin^rSJll lllr rii-i;rjH Tl'raiV.

Inilliri'; I liEivc !ih^;fss )m1\I'!} ;i p:ii ! ii'iilfU^ rt(sisnr»' in sii iin

William Denny. 845

hear you, and not have applied to any other Persons

for their Mediation with me.

Brother:

I told you before, and I again inform you* that no one has any Right to Treat with you, or transact any Busi- ness with you in this Province, but myself and Mr. Croghan, the King's Deputy Agent. I hope you will remember this. Brother:

No Indian Chief, before you, ever demanded to have a Clerk, and none has ever been appointed for In- dians in former Treaties. Nay, I have not even nom- inated one on the Part of this Province, therefore, I cannot help declaring it against my Judgement. Brother:

I am afraid, by your showing so little Confidence in me and the King's Dejiuty Agent, that you have heark- ened to idle Stories or the Singing of Birds, tho' you advised me againj^t it; however, to give you fresh Proof of my Friendship and Kegard, if you insist upon having a Clerk, I shall no longer oppose it.

A Belt. Brother Teedyuscung:

What you said last proceeds from an honest Heart. I overlook your Weakness. You may dejiend on the Kindness of me and my Council. JTo uneasiness re- mains with now; I shall always be glad to see you and 3'our Inter])reler, and discourse with you like loving Brethren on any matter, be it what it will, that you have to say.

A large String.

Papers of the Goveniors,

|i nnsvver tu expected applications to be perniitietl Ito act as Clerk to Teedyiiscung, Chief of the Dela-

Iwares.

■ '

|\ MV (()XFEKEN(*ES WITH TEEDYURCrNG,

1 Uav{^ let liitu know that tho' his^ Doniarid to ^^►^

puhit a ru*ik of luB own wns enthviv uuprt*!-^

\U*i\ and against my Jud^emeut, yet us he so wannly

MstctI on it, I sin 111 kl m> Umy^cv oi»[n>?Je it* bnt leave

IH tn aut as lie jiluum^d; if, 1 hereto tt*, you, or any

|irr of bin Maji^sty's Knhje<*tB think themselves at

u-iry to iH-t in lUnl capueity, they may use their

[-asiire.

I lie \-'^eTMlil\ dr-'inllLL' »\ '\\^\ n[ L!MfnU I'l In' i\\\

William Denny. 847

November last; The number of Indians you have brought down with you on this Occasion, and the pains you have taken to carry the news of our good dispo sitions for Peace to so great a Distance, confirms the Good Opinion we have always had of you, and shews the Sincerity of the Professions you have made of your earnest Desire to restore the Friendship and Broth- erly Love that always subsisted between us and the In- dians, till your foolish Young Men were seduced by the evil Spirits and tuf ned against us.

Brother Teedyuscung, and Brethren of the Ten united Nations :

We are met together to finish, by the Assistance of the Almighty, the great Work of Peace, and to make a new Chain of Friendship so bright that it shall never rust, and so strong that it shall never be in the power of wicked Spirits to break it, that we may always here- after be as one Man, with but one Heart and one Head; I invite you to join heartily and sincerely with me herein by this Belt.

Give a Belt. Brother:

You may remember that when we were here last fall, I asked you what was the cause of the Breach between our Brethren the Delawares and us; whether we, the People of Pennsylvania, had done you any Injury, and desired you would open your Hearts, and tell me your mind freely; In answer to this you told me that your foolish and ignorant Young Men, when they saw^ the Proceedings of our Enemy, the French King, and believed the Things that were told them, were persuaded by this false hearted King to strike your Brethren the English, and that the cause why the Blow came the harder on us was, that the Proprie taries had defrauded you of some of yowr Land, and that you had been treated in the same manner in the Jerseys, but that this was not the principal Cause 54--V0I. II— 4th Ser.

48

Papers of the Governors*

r jour ^jrikinp n^; I wan willing to !t]<iulre info rhr Vuth of this Cliorge at Unit ihm\ but you di^cUtml : because few of the Indiann tbf u pre»t*Jit origiuaJlf wned the Lands, but Baid that you would endi^avotir n bring as many of them down as you could tlnd le next Meetingp IrotJier:

Aorordrn^ to the Prooaise 1 made rou at our Uii "featj, I laid all uur rroceediuga before fe?jr William' ohneon, who, you have been often told. Is appointf4 y our Great Kiuf? his ^oh^ A|^ent for IndiaB Affairt 1 this District, to take Care of them as a Father, thai o one may wmng them, ^ir William Johnson ban ince deputed your mid our Friend, Mr. neDrge Crt>p an, ^^hu Ij^ well ;ir4|naitiji il uitli xtniv A Hairs nniJ ■mi*(nn^f\ tu mt iii his Bi'half, In ailrTul this Trctuy. lul (^nijiili'f into r>(*ry < it i)^\ niirv you tiiiiy hnvi^ hi)f ^n*d. rillirr Irinri \n\jr Hrntlin'Ji oT Pnnnsyh :inii( <»t

'5

William Denny. 849

Letter to the Provincial Commissioners requesting a list of goods t6 be presented to the Indians.

Easton, 27th July, 1757.

GENTLEMEN: As you have not yet furnished me with a List of the Goods you have purchased and brought hither, to be disposed of in Presents to the Indians, notwith standing the treasonable Request I made of you to that purpose Yesterday, I find myself obliged once more to require it of you, that I may be able by con- sidering it at leisure to form a Judgment, as well of the Quality of the Goods, as whether there may be a sufficiency of them for the present Occasion.

On receiving your I^etter I observed it was not sub- scribed, either by Mr. Lardner or Mr. Mifflin, who by the Act, are appointed joint Commissioners with you; and upon enquiry into the reason of that Omission, 1 found they had not received any notice of your Meeting, or been consulted with on the Contents of my Letter to the Provincial Commismoners, of which I think I have just reason to Complaint. I am. Gentlemen,

Your humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY. To William Mastern, Jos. Fox, Jos. Galloway and Jno. Hughes, Esqrs.

Another Speech to Teedyuscung, Chief of the Dela- wares, at the Conference at Easton.

BROTHER: Your Memory serves you faithfully with Respect to what was j)romisiMl by (»ach of us in the last Conferences.

Our warmest a(knowl(*dgm(*nts aw» due to you for your just l*erformanc<» of your Engagements. You

0 Palmers of the Governors-

ve made known our j^autl dispositions Tiir iiiitJ wT

m have broiighl down your Uncles*, and nmiw *if

eh of tlie other Nations with whom you are jomed*

e are pleased to observe they liare hearkeneiJ in

n, and are so well disposed to conclude und esttah

(b a Urm and durable Peace. We return you very

arty Tliankfst in IJelialf of His Majei^ty Kinj; (Iforge,

e People of the Province, and nil hin other Sijh

cts,

CJave a Belt

.•other:

We are sensihle with you, tlmt tinleii^ we both exei

« utmost of our Strength, we shall not be able tn

Goniplish the great Work we are mutuaHy engaged

1

\\'hi!yt we wi'i* the Dead Hrjdit*s nt nur l%*<iple lyiui; I covered and cxpoj^^d to (Ik* i-avi imiis Hird^. it is iaiiisl Nature and all tlje P]'inci]»l</s nf Ki-lif^iim :ni(l i(m;uiit\, to prnriM'd Hi th(^ ruali! mat inn of Prsu-r.

William Denny. 851

Brother:

Having now collected the Dead Bodies, we agree with you to stand together, English and Indians, as one Man with one Heart; we lay hold with you, your Uncles and the Ten Nations, of the Belt of Friend- ship; we hold it fast with all our Strength. We bring with us all the Sincerity and Warmth of honest and upright Hearts. We rejoice to behold again the light of the Sun shining m a Clear Sky. We promise our- selves that, with the blessing of the good Spirit, your endeavours, united with ours, will be able to secure to us and to our children, and Children's Children, durable Peace and Happiness, so that we may quietly enjoy the various comforts of Life with which this fruitful Country abounds, and may sleep in Peace.

Gave a Belt. Brother:

Though our Forefathers and yours might make some mistakes, and might not see far enough into the Conse- quences of some of their Measures, yet in general we can truly say, they were very kindly disposed to one another; they were open and upright in their Inten- tions; they lived together in Perfect Peace, and the mutual Exchange of good Offices.

It is very commendable in you to remind us that they have not be^m altogether regular, but confined their Views to the then presi^nt Times, and to the Interest of their own generation, not so much con- sulting as they should have done the good of Future Generations. We shall be glad to join with you in promoting one general Interest that may extend to the latest Posterity. We will lay aside all narrow par- tial Regards, and put Matters on a lasting Founda- tion, and endeavor to exceed our Ancestors, not only in the goodness of our Measures, but in a more careful and exact manner of doing Business.

Gave a Belt.

i^ Papers of the Governors.

*other:

We hare observe d what jou Rtiy witli R*»pi*ct to your Messengers; The Aetn*l**iit gnev»»K U8* In » me« IndianB should not go niogle into IiilialMTed ii'ts* without pro(>er Pas^iKirtB and Escorts* \%fl tve careless and nnthiiikjng Men lUTiong ii4§; wi» hiil^ Ld Mph too, who have miiiihievoos Hoarta. ni** ntaii ho m supposed to have eomujitted this Act is i« oal, and (hi t-ase the Mes^^cager dfei*^) *<han bo trinl ' our I^ws, whioh require Rlood for Bioodj in tlit" %0enee of i^ueh Indiaun as jou i^hall ap|>oiiit to at< nd the Trial, of whieJi you shall have due Notice, l! a matter firmly settled by repeated Trtmtie« betiveei* I and the India nn, that whenevpr an En^lisbnien kil!*s I lodiiiii Ml' \n\ \m\\vMv WW i^nplisliiiiiiiv. Mit* Murdcnr ri'csoTi <>ir<u«nn]^, sliall Ijetrird hy our Lawis irj }\\v

(tnve a Htring.

William Denny. 853

Letter to George Croghan the King*s agent for In- dian affairs, concerning the complaints preferred by Teedyuscung, Chief of the Delawares.

Easton, 29tb July, 1757.

MR. GEORGE CROGHAN, Sir:

The speech made to me Yesterday by Teedy- uscung being in several Parts of it obscure and uncer- tain, I find myself very much at a Loss how to return an Answer to it without a further Explanation of it; At the Treaty held with Teedyuscung at this place in November last, 1 enquired of him how the League of Friendship that had so long subsisted between us and the Indians came to be broken, whether the Governor or People of Pennsylvania had done them any Injury, & earnestly requested that if they thought we had, they would be honest, open their Hearts to us and inform us of the Cause of their Complaint; In answer to which he said, that the false hearted French King had persuaded them to strike their Brethren, the Eng- lish, and their foolish Young Men believed the Things that were told them by our Enemies, and listened to them; that this was the Principal Cause, but that one Reason why the Blow came harder than it otherwise would have done was, that some Things had passed in former Times, both in this and other Governments, which were not pleasing to the Indians, and particu- larly said, that all the Land lying between Tohickon Creek and Wyoming, in this Province, was his Inheri- tance, and was taken from him by Fraud; and like- wise, charged the Proprietary Family with Forgery after they had purchased Lands of the Indians and took a Deed for it, in forging a new Deed like the true one with the same Indian Names to it, and there by taking from them Lands which they never Sold. The truth of those heavy charges was then referred

i

Papers nf the Governors.

be enquired iulOj anO hviwi] ill r>itr ii€*^jft Mi'etiiig^ liertifore t*xp<*« h d that Tin^vimrinig, Jit lliin Treiity, uld have hinm very t^xpllcU, imd if^ on. Koqairv^

had St ill bet*u of Ophitoii tlmt hU furmer Cotii lilts were juftt nnd well fotmdt'd, he i^inilil liavi lewed tbeni, and produced mivh PrrHifii n& hi* Uai support them, or if, on a furth^T ruusid^Tution. lie 1 found thnt he was tiiiHtakeii in f harming tht* Pm etaries with Crimes of so iafanuMitt and bla^^k a Dii^ would have done them tbe Justiee to hare Becjuitted ^ni in the Face of the World* aud proelainHil tWli uueuee at* l*iiblieklv at* he at flrat eharj^ed tlieu] t in his Bpee<^^h of Yesterday it appears nni^ertnii etlier be meaoH to renew tbe Complaints sift tt^rfj llsr f(H'inrr Tr*'jMv, ni' 111 i]tn[} Mmisc. ;iimI imw only 1 hariir \\\Hiu iIh- I'i^ih irinrs. a-* an Arr nf Injni^Tiee, 0' liaviiit^ inarlp ^inh hii^t* j'ltri Ims^^s n! llie Indjnn** [it Icjivr I Infill on llal^ihiliint av plin^^ {if Si'tt h^nieut

s)nHiusrlv(^> nr ilii'ii' l^l!shM'lt^. 1 ilu-rvftur dcsiri*

]

id

I

^.^ii^^

1>»A^M

A>44^/^v

WARRANT ISSUED BY GOVERNOR DENNY.

Reduced Fae Simile of State

Department Copy.

William Denny. 855

Another Speech to Teedyuscung and representatives of the Ten Nations at Easton.

BROTHER TEEDYUSCUNG, AND BRETHREN Sachems and Warriors of the Ten Nations: It gives me pleasure to hear your Satisfaction at the Appointment our Oreat King has been pleaded to make of Sir William Johnson to be the Superintend- ent of the Affairs of the Indians, and that Sir William had appointed Mr. Croghan to be his Deputy; and further, to hear you so fully and openly acknowledge it to be the Duty of both of us to respect the Person whom the King has thought fit to entrust with so Important a Commission. I thank you for those duti- full expressions, and do not in the least doubt but they come from the bottom of your Hearts. I assure you. Brethren, 1 shall heartily join my endeavours to yours, that the good work of Peace, so well begun, may be happily finished to our mutual Satisfaction.

(Jave a String. Brother:

You say that tlu* Proceedings of our Ancestoi's were shorter than they ought to have been, in Respect and Behalf of their Children, and also of their own ever- lasting Peace. Brother, our Ancestors of this Prov- ince have been always esteemed a good, honest, and wise People, and have always been dinstinguished for their Brotherly Love and kind Treatment of the In- dians, and their u])right dealing with them in their Publick Transactions. You say that the cause of our Diffen^nces proceeded from the Land, and advise us to look strictly into our Heai'ts for the Truth of this, l^f'other, we liave, according to your desire, looked into our Hearts, and are not s<*nsible that any of our Transactions with the Indians, (nther with resj)ect to Land or otherwise, could have given Reason for the* unhappy Breach lu'tween us. You have been so hon-

Papers of the Governors.

t a« to det'lare, on aU Occaitioni, that the T-^iod >i the principal rnuBc why ynu Btrnelc nn" but ily a Reason why (he Stroke rame the hnrder on uat 8 theji, it was not the Caii«e of our rtr»t DifTL^reuc^H ouglit not to be ao Ohf*tarIe to nn immodlatt* Con* wAon of tht? Peace, which \ve are now met toijethfr, ith such good Intentions, to establish. However e may differ in Opinion about matters of Property; me are trifling Considenitiotis, eompared to (he iiu- trtant Affair of uniting together in tlie firm Bands

Frii^odsbip. Let as, tht^refore* for the present smi* md them, and all Hatters of less Momeut, and apply irselves, in the flr»t place, hear^^ily to the great work

Peace* so much wished for by both of ns; and put iu^s <iu surli 3t font in;;. tIsiU ( lir ! i]"i:U Kiiii; ovrv flii 'atrn^s, iinil his l^uhjt'Cts. inid all Itie liidiiui^, shtill ' jileased with it, Tinvi* II Belt.

William Denny. 857

and examined before some Person no way concerned in Interest; on whose honesty and Judgement they could depend, and therefore, appointed Sir William Johnson to hear the Particulars of your charge, and the Proprietary's Defence, and lay the whole matter b€»fore his Majesty, for his Royal Determination, in order that he may do you Justice himself if you are injured. Our Great King looks on you as his Chil- dren; And therefore, his Ministers hare directed the same Method to be taken in hearing the merits of your Complaint, as is used among his own Subjects, with this Difference only, that their Disputes are final- ly settled by Judges appointed for that purpose; whereas in your Case, his Majesty will Determine it himself.

Before I receiv'd the Orders of his Majesty's Minis- t(*rs, that your Comi)laints should be heard before Sir William Johnsou, 1 fully intended at this Meeting, to call on the l*roprietarie8' Agents to answer the Charge you made against them, and to have the matter strictly enquired into; but as I am the King's Servant, and bound by Duty, as well as Inclination to Obey His Orders, and His Majesty's Deputy Agent, Mr. Croghan, who is now Present, informs me he has no power to suffer any Altercations on this Complaint, and that he does not think it would be for the good of his Majesty's Service, I must refer you on this Occa- sion to Sir William Johnson, to whom I shall send proper Persons to represtmt the Proprietaries, with Records, Deeds, and Evidences, to shew the Justice of their Title at any time he shall appoint, of which he will give Notice to yon, and all Persons concerned. As that dentlenian is known lo be a good Friend to the Indians, and a ^lan of Honour and Integrity; it giv(*s me great Pleasure to tind he is w(*ll ajiproved of by you, and 1 do not doubt but you will most ch(»ar- fully agree to leave the Examination of your claims

58

Papers uf the Governors.

oil frfB

} hinu and oontor io the method hi» Majr*i5ty \im irticted for &*^ttliug our DifTereiirit*^, in wliii-h you frfl^ a certain of having Btrkt Justice dooe yoa.

Gave a Belt, rother;

I could give jou many Instancei* of the gi'eat A flee >in and Regard the Propriet's havi^ for ymi and nl\ le Indians; and that they Met a far greatt.*r value m Bur Friendsliip than on any private Interest or Ad Biitage to thems*elvc^; they have^ hiti'ly i^iven to you nd the World a vuot§t convincing Proof of this, Yo^ D doubt have heard that the Proprietaries about tliv4^ ears ago, at a general Meeting of the 8lx Nations. ^Id at Albany^ fairly and opeaiy purchased of them

great Cnimtry, l>ing on thp Wt^wt Ride of thr Rivi-r UHKiui^liainjiili; 3nn iJ|>nii it?* being H*jm^t4L-nhHl Tliiii unt* (if tlii^ fTiiliini "J'rilH^s wrn/' clisK;UiJsti*^d vvitli Uu' Xtunt of tliMl i\Vi\]\{ bi^niid llir A M^gliPUy llillg. tin* ropiicttuii s i!H":n fij llv ji^q-i^nl h* Sui rriu^^r and givt*

William Denny. 859

disposed Persons should have suggested any thing to the Contrary; and in the name of the Proprietaries I now disclaim all such right, of which I would have you take Notice. I am pleased you have made choice of that place; it is perfectly agreable to me, and I as- sure you I will heartily concur with you in using all the means in my Power to have these Lands settled upon you and your Posterity, agreable to Your Re- quest. As to the other Purposes for which you desire this Settlement of Lands, they are so reasonable that I make no doubt but on my Recommendation of them to the Assembly, they will chearfully enable me to comply with them.

Gave a Belt: Brother:

I have now answered the Speeches you made me the other Day, and I hope to your Satisfaction, as I agree with you to submit the Differences about Lands to the Great King, which is your own de8ii*e. I now assure you that I am heartily disposed and ready, with the King's Deputy Agent, to confirm the Peace which you and I have been, for some time, taking Pains to establish.

July 31, 1757.

Another Speech to Teeclyiisciing and representatives of the Ten Nations at Zaston.

BROTHER: 1 have well weigh(*d and eonsidercMi what you said to me at our last Meeting, and am sorry you do not incline to go to Sir William Johnson to have your Complaints strictly enquired into and examined by him. It is true, Sir William has for some time

6o

Papers of the Governors-

last had a general CouitiLiiiMioii fi-om tlie Kiinj Ui uperintend liidiiin Affiuri*, and (hut hi* hnn given Ir- Croghaii a X'ower to art ai^ his l>e|)utj, imder fhith he mig:ht have been Jus^itifit^d in going iiiUi an ^xanimati(>n» as wt*l] of our Ci>mp!aiut^ as the Proprle- aries* Defence, had not the Klng& Minister's lately een pleased to direct the hearing to be before Bir WiJ* iani Johnson himself. Tliouf^h tou may think jonr elvus at Libertj, and may refuse to comply with the»* lirections, yet^ as i told you lK*foiv, I am the Kingn k^rvant, and oblidged to obey, and rannot talie upirfi le to go into a Di ftnce of the Proprietaries' Title at lilts Time, But as you bo earnestly desire to see thr *eed3 for the Lands, mentioned in your last Treatj. \i;k\ \<Mi iiNiy hr ^aiisJird wlirilii t lUi-y uiv j^^iiiiiiji' I wlu'ilh-r riie Iiidi;nis who sl^nied lUeiii had n lii^^liT ^1 ?i('ll tlHisi^ Ltnid?^; I biive liriHj-rhi ilinu ui()i m*\ ml iuji williii^^ Ml sIkms llieni In ymi jinw. or at ;ujy

William Denny. 86i

Brother:

The Orders of his Majesty's Ministers, on this Oc- casion, has been signified to me by the Proprietaries, which is the proper Channel through which they should come. That you may the better understand this, it will be necessary to inform you that the Proprietaries are Governors-in-Chief over this Province, and I am appointed their Deputy, with the Approbation of the Crown. When, therefore, the last Treaty was laid before the King's Ministers, they gave the Proprie- taries notice of their Resolution, that the matter should be heard before Sir William Johnson only; to whom they wou'd send special Directions for that pur- pose. The Proprietaries, for whom I act in this case, have made me acquainted with the Minister's Orders, and desired me to regulate my Conduct by them. It would have been irregular & improper to have sent the Order itself to me; but 1 do not doubt the King's Minister's have transmitted it to Sir William John- son, as an Author! t}' for him to hear and examine our Differences, and that he has received it before this Time. As I could not suspect that you would have required a Copy of such of the Proprietaries' Letters ais relate to this matter, I did not bring them with me here; wherefore, it is not in my power to comply with your request to furnish you with Copies of them; and to confirm the Truth of this, I give you this Belt of Wampum.

August 3, 1757.

Another Speech to Teedyuscung and representatives of the Ten Nations at Easton.

BROTHER TEKDYUSCUNG, AND ALL OUR Brethren of tlie Ten Nations: As you and all His Majesty's Subjects are now united again in the firm Bands of Peace, it is our

a Bar to our napi)inesi^ evcrv tiling in your Vox possible, all our People any of your Nations, a among any other Tribes to us. Brother:

It is a Rule among Peace, to deliver up all the only method we cai of our Sincerity, and w You will be so good, to convej' them down by shall be well rewarded i

Gave a Belt.

When the Governor '. gave the Belt, Teedyusc Belt but the very same this now? Why did yo had finished why do yoi things? This was your it before. If you reall; and honest you might 1

William Denny. 863

tions sent back at his Treaty, so the Nations that lay claim to these Lands look to me for them. Returned the Belt. August 3, 1757.

Another Speech to Teedyuscung and regj'esentatives of the Ten Nations at Easton.

BRETHREN: The Peace so happily concluded gives an univer- sal joy. I shall proclaim it far and Wide, that all may hear and know it. The People of this Province are disposed to observe it faithfully, and will do the Indians every good office in their Power.

Although we have now so solemnly entered into this Peace with each other, yet you are sensible there ai*e still many enemy Indians, who are daily doing Mis chief on our Frontiers. Yesterday I received an Ac- count of one Womans being killed, and four Persons taken l*risoners, between Tolhas and Monaidy. As it will, therefore, be very difficult to distinguish our Friends and our Enemies, I should be glad you would favor me with your Advice, how to act in such a man- ner as not to huii; our Friends or suffer our Enemies to escape.

Gave a String. Brethren:

The (xovernor and the Peo])le of this Province ob- serve with a brotherly Compassion the many difficul ties to which the Indians are exposed in these Trouble- some Times, and have, therefore, providinl a Quantity of Goods to supply them in their Distress. You will, on your return home, Proclaim the Peace, Union and Friendship which is now^ established between u«, and let every one know, as you have Opportunity, how

55— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

864

Papers of the Governors,

well diepDsetl yoa have foiittd iia* Accept these Pre^

ctitM as a Te^^tiniori}^ of the sincere AlTection of Ui, your

BrethreOj towards you,

August 5, 175T.

Speech to

PacksiiiOksa at the Easton,

Indian Conference

BROTH EH PACKSINOSA: You have \i/^n frequently lavked hy thie ermm?nt to come and give ii8 th<^ pU'af*ure of a viirit; 1 aiH i^hid to me yuu; I hike you by the Hand, and bid you heartily welcome, & thank you for bring ing along with you Abraham, the Mohiccon Cbi«f ; b<» is likewise exti^nieJy Wdcogg.

Clave a Btring, Brother:

We have often enquired after you, and always heard you continued to be our hearty Friend, and a Lover of I'eace. Sir William Johnson was kind enough to send me An Account of the Conferences he lately held with you at Fort Johnson, and they gave me great Satisfac- tion. Brother:

With Pleasure 1 acquaint you that Peace is now concluded, and it will add much to 'the Joy all feel on this Successful Issue of our Conferences, & I am glad to see you & Abraham here to take hold of the Peace Belt.

Gave a Belt. Brother:

We were in hopes to have seen you with Teedyus^ cung when he came hei^e. We heard you was not come, but would follow. I have staid some time in

William Denny. 865

Expectation of your Arrival. I should have been glad to have spent more time with you, but the Business of the Government obliges me to return to Philadelphia this Aftemoon, so that you will i)lease to use Despatch in letting me iinow anything you may have to say to us. August 7, 1757.

Concluding Speech to Teedyiiscung, Chief of the Delawares at the Indian Conference at Easton.

BROTHER TEEDYUSCUNG: It gives me great Pleasure that we have brought the important Business we met about to so happy an issue; You have very agreeably prevented my mentioning to you the Necessity of your returning Home in order to publish to the Indians what has been transacted here; I thank you for your Change of Pur- pose; it is a further Sign of your Zeal for Peace, and I make no doubt but you will use your utmost dis patch.

In answer to what you requested this morning I assure you that your Warriors will always find this Government ready to reward them for any Servic(^s they shall do against the Enemy. I cannot at present give you a more particular Answer, but shall lay your Proi)Osals before the Assembly, who meet To-morrow, and consult with them thereupon. August 7, 1757.

Rfi6 Papers of the Governors. ^^J

To the Assembly Concerning the alarming move* menls of the Enemy and reconmi ending measures for defense and safety.

MIL HPEAKEK, AND GENTLEMEN OP THE AS sembly :

The Letters now laid before you coctain the most alarming Arcouotis of the great and !min€?diate Dan^^er to wbicli his Majesty *s? Colonies jire exposed by the l*rogregsB of a French Army^ compos»ed of Reg- ulars, Cauadiau^f uiid Indiana, to the amount of Elevea Thou«rind. and supiiHed with a large Train of Artil- l«*ry^ cons 1^4 tiuf;: of Tbirtysix Pieces of Cauuon, and at least Five Mortara, You will jjerceive that Fort Wil Ham Hewey was invested liy tlieni tm the Third Instant, and snrrendeted on the eighth; and tliat (he next day th(\v attacked Fort Edward, where it is doubled they will ntit meet with a long li4*sistance, as there w*iB htM :i Miirjill l^^orte in it. JUtil un PriiT^tKnity i}u^t The

Draughts of the Militia would arrive Time enough from the several Northern Goveniments for its Relief.

Where the Progress of our ever vigilant and rest- less Enemy will be stopped, God only knows; but from their Numbers, and the vast R<apidity with which they prosecute their advantages, we may be certain that some grand Design is on Foot, as a Counter Project to that of his Excellency, the Earl of Loudoun, for over-running and conquering these Colonies in his Absence. And it is more than probable, from other Intelligence now likewise laid before you, that we shall soon hear of another French Army falling upon these Southern Provinces from the Ohio and Missis- sippi, in order to support that which is now marching down upon Albany and New York; while most of the Cities and Places of Trade lie exposed to the Mercy of the smallest Force from Sea. This, Geptlemen, is a true but melancholy State of our Affairs. The

William Denny. 867

most prejudiced Eye cannot now set the Danger at a Distance, nor presume to treat these Accounts as the Tales of a Day, in\-enteil or exaggerated through Party Views.

It is not my Intention to aggravate our present Dis- tress by a painful Review of what is past, but can I, Gentlemen, consistent with my Duty, forbear to men- tion that this Province has been the unhappy Seat of a cruel War for upwards of Two Years, groaning under the bloody Outrages of a most barbarous Enemy, the Troops sent to our Protection defeated and destroyed, our Borders pillaged and laid waste, great Numbers murdered and carried into Captivity, and Ele>^n Thou sand of the Enemy at this Instant, in the Heart of a neighbouring Province, at present carrying all before them; while we, amidst this Series of Misfortunes, are neither put into a sufficient Posture to defend our- selves, nor have Power or Authority, out of the vast Number of fighting Men this Government contains, to send a single Man of them to the Relief of our Neighbours, without calling in the ranging Parties that are constantly out, and evacuating the few Gar- risons we have on our Frontiers, now more than ever necessary for their Defenee. These Things, Gentle- men, are so surprizing in their Nature, that they would exceed all Credibility, if the Facts were not too Fla- grant and too fatally felt. Let me, therefore, intreat you, if you make a Distinction between Liberty and Slavery, between a our inestimable Privileges as Eng- lishmen, and a miserable Subjection to arbitrary Power, to embrace this Opportunity, perhaps the last, to retrieve, as much as possible, former Errors, and act vigorously, as your All is now at Stake.

There are Three Things which I must immediately recommend to you :

First. To enable me to send an effectual Succour to the City and Province of New York, where a Stand.

868 Papers of the Governors.

it is hoped, iiiaj be made, as a Moment's Time is not to be lost. This, I conceive, can only be done by en- couraging a Number of able-bodied and publick spir- ited Volunteers to go from this City, and the Parts adjacent, as the Provincials cannot be spared from our Frontiers, without exposing the Province to immediate Danger; and were they even a Force sufficient for the Purpose, are at too great a Distance, and too much dispersed, to bring any Timely Relief. It will be necessary, therefore, to provide a sufficient Quantity of Arms, Ammunition, Tents, and other Camp Neces saries, for those who shall go on- this Service.

Secondly. As you cannot but be convinced that the Want of a Militia Law in this Province is of the most dangerous Consetpience. and has been a great Source of our present Misfortunes, encouraging the Enemy in their Bloody Designs, as well knowing us to be an undisciplined Multitude, incapable of defending oiirsi^lves or assisting others, I must once more press and i^'arncsily reipiest yon to unites and enable nu* to call forth the natural Strength of the Province by an (Mjuitahle and constitutional Militia Law, which will in the stron<;(»st Manner provide for onr own Defen<e. supply tlu^ Means of ;issistin<r onr Xei<;hbonrs, and render ns really formidable to the Enemy, and at a less Kx]»enc<' tlian the present Method of Defence.

In forniinj:: this Law, I hope you will avoid those Points on which \Ne have formerly ditfeit^d; and par ticulaily that yon \\ill not endeavour to take the A]> point mtMit of the O^Vicers out of the Tland of the Gov- (*i*nment, as this N\onld be destructive of the just Pre- ropfative of the Cnnvn, to which I can never consent; Mis Maj<'sly having- ali-eady si<::nifi(Hl his Pleasure in thai flatter ]»y tln^ lvep<'al of the fornuM' T>aw. Let me, therefore, (MSillemen, j>revail on you to frame a pro]>er Bill, snitabh^ to onr ])n^sent imniin(*nt DanpT. on such a IMan a?* has bec^n found etTectnal bv the Wis-

William Denny. 869

dom and Experience of our Neighbours and Fellow Subjects.

Thirdly. I recommend it to you to make the best Improvement of our Alliance, entered into with the Indians at the late Treaty at Easton, by enabling me to give them Encouragement, together wkh Ammu- nition and other Necessaries, to act offensively against the Enemy, and likewise to comply with the sevei-al Requests they made of me at the said Treaty, the Par- ticulars whereof you will see from the Minutes which shall be laid before you.

These Things will require the utmost Dispatch; and they are of such great and immediate Consequence to the Preservation of our Lives and Properties at this Juncture of extreme Danger, that I think it my Duty to enter upon no other Business till they are effectu- ally provided for.

WILLIAM DENNY.

August 16th, 1757.

Speech to Teedyuscung, Chief of the Delawares.

BROTHER TEEDYUSCUNG: I am always glad to see you, and particularly so at this lime; I return you thanks for the Trouble you have taken in bringing to us the good News you have received in your Return Home. Brother:

The Messages sent by Menatochyand and Netaw- atquelemond, give me much Satisfaction; I am pleased with your Answers to them arid Conduct upon thi^ Occasion.

As they so frankly acknowlcMlge that they were de- luded by the French, iuid desire to be forgiven for what is i)ast, and you have sollicited me on their be-

Papers of the Governors.

If, I desire you to tt^ll thoiii that I am w**ll iliKfn rt^ceive your SoUii'itations id their Favour, forgive them and th(?ir Fritnidflj EEecjiirage 1

d all othem on the Ohio In desist from warring aiiiHt the Eii^diwh; iunte thoni to rome to yaw ta_ nliofi^o, iind join with you in (he good work ymi tia^efl Biiet^eBsfuUy aeroriiplifihf^I; AKi*iire tht*in fhaf nailer ur Guidanee the Road i>4 oiM?n for tiic^m to I hi** *hn' aniefitj and if thfy emne with i^ood [>it4|KmilIon« Ihev all have Frote<'tiori and a ^ood I{i*(H*[»tioiL This String and Bt It, which ] join to thotk* yoit hnvoj ought, confirm my words* ■ot]ier:

I have conimunifated all yon have naid to aie loi ^HrTMhly, whii wrrr ftn'l itanlr] y sifl^l^^ :ind am iht^y ve [jnMJiisfd Ui tmahh^ iin^ In s^hkI jumI l■ln[^l(^^ pnijtt^r innn^ titvWwvWh hi Iniilil ;i K*m I U\v your l*ii*t»H'iinn li si^Mw IJiHisi's ({I live JIK I IH»>\ t<"U \illJ lUiU llii> nil hi' (Iniii* wiHi jiH Mn- dispalili |Mis?i|]t]c.

William Denny. 871

there in Six Days from Diahogo, with Advice of their having met with five French Men and Five French Indians, who told them they expected to be joined by Twenty more French Indians, and would go to Mini- sink, and from thence to all the Forts on the Fron- tiers, to Spy them, and try to get Prisoners, that they might see and en(]iiire which would be the most con- venient Way to fall, with the French, on this Province.

Mr. Uorsfield acquaints me, that on this Letter being communicated to Teedyuscung, he gave it as his Advice, that this Government should immediately fix what Rewards they would allow for Scalps and Prisoners, and send him a Belt of black Wampum, with an Account of it. He added, that tho' he did not at the Treaty urge for a i>ositive Answer to this Point, which he remembers to have been then mentioned by him, yet now he saw a Necessity for it, and hoped I would dispatch the Messenger with it.

The Provincial Commissioners, at my Instance, met early on Saturday morning, and on laying the Letters before them, referred me to one of theirs, wrote upon the Subject at Easton, and though I then concurred with them in Opinion, that it was not expedient at that Time to jHomise any Rewards for Scalps, yet as the French Indians are now renewing their Ravages on the Frontiers, and our Friendly Indians do not incline to act, even defensively, for us, without fixing the Re wards for Sc^jilps, I think the Cruelty of our Enemies, and the passing Necessity of the present Occasiou, loudly Demand a romi>liance with their Request. 1 need not observe to you of what Importance it is to this Province to secure the Friendship of the Indians, and engage them heartily to join us in opposing the Designs of the Enemy; and as it is not reasonable to expect that this can be done without making them ample Satisfaction for their Services, I most earnestly recommend it to you to take this Matter into your

Papers of the Governors*

Serioui Consideratiou, and enable Die Immediately to return a satrnfactoi-ir Anawc^r to the Indian Chief, at nt*llik*Iieni, by the Kxprese who Ib detained bj me for that Purpose-

WILLIAM DKNNY. tVi^teoiher 12, J 757*

To the Assembly recommending a bill for regnlati the Indian trade at Fort Augusta.

GENTLEMEN: You well know, that at the earnest Ret|ue«t of the IndiauB, Promises have been made them on the Part of the Government that a Tmding House should be establislied at Fort Augusta, within this Province^ well furnished with a suitable Assort ineiit of Good% where they might vend their Skins* and Peltry, an J be reasonably supplied with such Necessaries as they might want. You will see by the Letters herewith sent you, that thirty Delaware Indians lately came down to the Fort, in conse<iuence of these Promises, with Skins, in order to trade with us, but finding no Goods there, some of them are gone away very much dissatisfied. As, therefore, it is not in my Power to take any Steps in this Matter, which is a very import- ant and interesting one to the People of this Province, without your Aid and Assistance, I must earnestly recommend it to you, without Loss of Time, to prepare a Bill for regulating the Indian Trade, and enable me to keep the Public Faith with them.

WILLIAM DENNY. September 19th^ 1757.

I

William Denny. 873

To the Assembly conveying a resolution of the House pf Commons.

GENTLEMEN: In Consequence of Directions I have received from the Lords Commissioners for Trade and Plan- tations, I lay before you a Copy of Re-solutions of the House of Commons, of the T\^'enty-third of May, 1757, upon certain Resolutions of the Assembly of the Island of Jamaica, of the twenty-ninth of October, 1753, with the ratter on that Occasion.

WILLIAM DENNY. September 23, 1757.

To the Assembly remonstrating against their objec- tions to the Governor's proposed amendments to the bill for regulating the Indian trade.

GENTLEMEN: If detraction and personal abuse of your (lover- nor, and a bold assertion of Facts without Proofs to Support them, were to Pass for Reason and Argu- ment; it must be acknowledgc^d your Message of Yes- terday, contains a full Justification of your Public Conduct, and that T am Justly Chargeable with neg- lecting to do what was in my Power, to prevent many of the Evils which have befallen this Distressed Prov ince. But I have already during my Short Adminis tration, bei^n so accustom'd to this Kind of Treatment from you, for daring to exercise my own Judgement, and Presuming to differ in Opinion with you, in Mat- ters which highly concern his Majesty's Honour and Interest, and the welfare of the People, that I am the I^ss Surprized at the Many unjust R<^flections

874 Papers of the Governors.

cast upon me in jour Long Message of Yesterday, pre- sented to me Last Night. Indeed, I have the Less Reason to regret such usage, when I consider that S(»veral Worthy Gentlemen, who preceded me, have not been better treated, which must convince every un- biassed Judgement, that you are not so much Dis pleased with the IV^rson Governing, as impatient of being governed at all.

Your delaying to answer my Message of the Six- teenth of August Last, till two Days before the time appoiiiti*d by the Charter, for a new General Election may i>eihaps answer your ends; especially as the Short- ness of Time will not admit me by a reply, to take of the (1 losses you have on your Proceedings, »hew your Assertions rather than Arguments to be false, and s(*t in a true Light NumlKTs of Facts you have Grossly Misr(»presented. Kut, Gentlemen, whatever m.iy be your Popular Views here, you cannot flatter your- selves that your arts will blind the Eyej? of your Supe rioi's, to whom both Von and I are accountable, and ])<'l*or<' wiioni tlu'se procccdinjjjs shall be Laid for their l)('U'rinination. To tlicni must be Submitted the Sin- cerity of your Prolessions, as wi^ll as mine, and to wliich of us th(» Cnljimities and Mi<hicfs may attend tills lM'ovin<-e, from ili(» Wajit of Proper Laws for Ks- tjihlishiiijj: ji Mililia, and for Kejj^nlating the Indian 'I'rjidc, may Ix' .In^*tl\ Char}::(\ible.

Vonr thirst of I'owiM*, and Fondni^ss to MonoiK)lise :ill Otiiccs of Trust ;ind Profit, induced you in thi' List mentioned I*>ill. to Nominate all the (Commissioners for Indian A Hairs. anion|j: your own Membei-s, Five of whom, are also Provincial Coinmissionei*s. The Ab surdity of ini])owerin^ the Provincial Commissioners to <lraw Orders P;iy<ibl(» lo the Commissiont^'s for In (li;ni Afinirs. who ju-e the Same Persons; and the Dan <;crous (\)ns(M|uenses to tin* Publick of appointing none but Members of Assemblv to hold Offices of Great

William Denny. 875

Trust, for which they are to Account with the very Assembly whereof they ai'e Pai-t, and Several other Weighty Reasons induced me to Object to the Com- missioners named in the Bill and insert others of Good Fortune, and most unexceptionable Charactei in their stead, out of the House for your Considera- tion. Had you really thought the Bill a Matter of that importance you profess, you would instead of Wasteing Time in a Laboured Message, wherein you declare and protest against this amendment, as an in- fringement of the Right of the House, have rejected the Persons recommended to you by me, if you did not approve of them, and inserted others more agreable to you in their Stead. By this Method, if you are not so sanguine and self sufficient, as to conceive that in this Populous Province none can be found but among yourselves, fit to hold and enjoy Office of such great trust and importance, Proper Persona might have been agreed on between us. Though I am not ashamed to own that I have on many Occasions advised with my Council in Matters of Government, and have re ceived Information and Assistance from them, yet they never assumed a Power in Ijegislature, or a Right to direct or dictate to me in any manner what soever, as you unjustly insinuate. Their Fortunes, Families, and mo»t intimate Connections lie in this Province, as well as your's. The Fi-eedom of them selves and their Posterity, and their Interest and Happiness are blended with and inseparable from the rest of their Fellow Subjects. They are moreover in- dependent, and devote their Time and Trouble to the Publick, without Fee or reward, while you are amply paid for all the Services you do. Why, then, is it not reasonable to Suppose they act for th(^ Publick Good on Principles of Honour and Virtue? And why are they on all Occasions treated by you with the Greatest Ingratitude and represented as Enemies

876 Papers of the Governors, ^M

to the Conimimity? Privy CoudciIb arc* and alwajs have been in u»e in uiir Mother Country, in tlm, and all other civil ixM Oovi^rtitoentB; and therefore your C(>ns$ider)iig the Cuuncil here aB a Clog on tSovefTi't nnil ^^iipi-eiiidve to the Ft*o[>le, Is moBt inmdioiii and iinjtmt.

Tl> Cuiichide, Ueutlemen, the Reason thai at flmt weighed with me to make the Amend'ta ta the Bill for ref^ulating tin* 1 ml inn Trade still prevaiij^, 11 ud I cuniitK reeedi' fnnn tht^m, and }oii may a»t*inv your- selves that in thiis and every other part of my Con dnrt, while I (Vintiniie in thlfl Uovt^nmeiit, no abuise from you »hall induce u*e to deviate froni the Prind ple» of Duty and Honontf or act a pan thjit I cannot JiiHtIfy to the King, to the People co^nimittt*d to mam Care, and lo my Conscience. V

WILLIAM DENNY.

September 20, ITD7*

To the Assembly requesting the petitions and proofs on\vhich the Assembly's request for the removal of William Moore from the Office of Justice of the Peace in Chester County is Based.

GENTLEMEN: As Common Justice requires that no man should be condemned unheard in any matter that affats his Life, Fortune, or Character, I cannot think myself justified in removing Mr. Moore from his Publick Em ployment till 1 have nmde him Acquainted with the Complaints and Evidence exhibited against him, and given him an Opportunity of Making his Defence; I therefore desii-e you will furnish me with Copies of the Petitions and Proofs on which your Application to me 8Lga\ik«.\. \vvkv \s^ ^YovLinded, and you may assure

William Denny. 877

yourselveg that on a full Hearing of the Matters, strict Justice shall be done both to him and the Publick.

WILLIAM DENNY. September 30th, 1757.

To the Assembly requesting copies of their minutes and of the public accounts of the Loan office and Excise.

GENTLEMEN: As you have not Published your Minutes since last February, I desire you will, with all convenient Dispatch, furnish me with the Copies of them sinre that time; and Likewise of the Publick Accounts of the Loan Office and Excise, as settled this Year. If the Duplicates of the Assc^ssments of this and the T^ast Year are returned to the House, I also desire to have Copies of them as soon as conveniently may be.

WILLIAM DENNY. September 30th, 1757.

878

Papers of the Governors.

A Commission to Messrs. Hughs, Shippen and Gal- breath to build a small Indian fort at Wyomink for the protection of the Delaware Indians.

THE nONOrUABLE WILLIAM DENNY, ES (luire. Lieutenant (lovernor and Commander-in- Chief of the I^roviuee of Penn»>ivania, and Coun- ties of Neweastl:*, Kent, and Sussex, on Delaware. To John Hujifhs, Edward Shippen, and James Gal- breath, ER(]uires, and Charles Beaty, Clerk:

A PROCLlAMATION.

Whereas, at a I^te Treaty of Easton, Teedyuscunj^, on behalf of the Delaware Indians and the Ten Indian Nations, con- sidered with them, signified a desire to come and settle Wyomink, and among other thinjrs they requested that this Gov ei'unient would be pleaf^d to build a small Indian Fort, and some convenient Houses for their Prot(H*tion and comfort able Tlahitalion, wliich was readily prom ised Iheni; And Whereas, tin* s]>e(Kly perforniaiKv I hereof may eontirm them in (heir pn^sent Oood dis ]K)si(i()ns, and indiM-e oHkm-s to join them, and beeeiiK' (Hir lusuty Friends. And yon havinji; offered yonr Ser vices in this Work, so biMieficial to the Publick Safety and Interest; Know ye. tluM'efore, that, re]K)sinj; spe- cial Trust and Conliden<'(^ in yonr I.oyalty, Inte<::rity. and CariN 1 have* commii^sionated and anthoriz^Hl, ainl by the Advi<*(^ of Conneil do eommissionate, auth<u*izc. and impower yon, tlu^ said John lln;j:hs, Edward Ship pen. James Cialbreath, and Charh^s I>(*aty, A<j:ents aii<l ('(nnmissioiiers, on the part of this rrovine(\ to ('on St met snch a Fort, and build as many Hons4*s as sliail be necessary for Ihc ])r(^sent resid(»nce. security, and J Protection of tlu^ said Indians from their enemies, and

William I )cnii\ . 87.

in such form, place, and Manner as shall be most agree able to Teedyuseung and the other Indians, who shall be present on this occasion. In doing this, it will he most advisable for you to consult with them, and to contrive and accommodate matters to their Satisfac- tion, as near sls may be to the Promises and Assur- ances made them on that head at the several late Treaties between them and this Government. And as a Number of the Provincial Forces will be ordered, as well to escort you to Wyomink as when there to aid and Assist in carrying on the said Works, The Commanding Oflftcer of that Detachment shall receive my orders to be Obedient to You in the Execution of the Premises. You will receive herewith an order on

the Trustees of the Loan Office for the Sum of ,

for which you are to be accountable. You will there- fore enter into a Book or Books, to be provided and kept for that Purpose, all and every Sum or Sums that you shall Expend on this Occasion, specifying the particular uses for which each article is disbursed. It may be in Your Power, in such a Concourse of In- dians as this may occasion, make Good Impressions on their Minds, and to gain from them considerable Intelligence of the Designs and Motions of the Enemy. Therefore, I particularly recommend it to you to use your utmost Care and skill in this affair, and if any thing of moment shall be communicated to you, you will not fail to dispatch one or more of the Men or Indians with you, as you shall judge best; Express to me with such Intelligence, and Likewise if any attack should be intended against any of the Forts. You are at the same time to send Intelligence thereof to the Commanding Officer of such Fort or Place as shall be threatened or in Danger of an attack.

In the Conducting and carrying on this important Affair, great Reliance is had on your Prudence and Discretion, and I trust that in every Part of your con 56— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

rcHHiinjrs, and desire t Pub lick Money on this and Execute the liusi a's Little Charge and E In Testimony wherec and Caused the Great hereunto Affixed, At October, Anno Dom., 1

To the Assembly rec bills for regulating supplies for defense

GENTLEMEN: Though in Tim(»« ity, it has not bee of the People to Proc*< the Y(^r, Yet I hope that at this critical

William Denny. 88 1

tend to the Security of this valuable Province, and the Protection of its Inhabitants. Give me Leave, therefore, at this your first Meeting, to recommend to your immediate Consideration such matters as ap pear to me the most Likely to answer the abo\'e Pur- poses, so much d(^ird by every Loyal Subject and well wisher to his Country.

A well framed constitutional Militia Law deserves your first Attention. Experience, and the Wisdom of all States shew, that a well regulated Militia is the best Security to every Country. By a constitutional Militia Law, I mean such a one as is founded on the Principles of an English constitution, and preserves equally the legal prerogatives of the Crown, and the just Rights of the People. The Several Militia Bilh presented to me by the last Assembly, were formeil on the same Plan with the late Militia Law of this Province, repealed by our Royal Sovereign in Coun- cil, particularly in that part respecting the Election of Officers, w^hich, among other matters, is objet»ted to, was assigned as one of the principle Causes for repealing it. How Consistent such a Conduct was with the Duty and Obedience due from Tx)yal Sub jects to the best of Kings, I shall not take upon me to determine. As to my part, I shall on all occasions think myself indispi^isably obliged to conform to the Royal Determination, which principles then did, and ever will, induce mo to I'efuse my Assent to a Bill of the same Import with one his Majesty has been pleased to reject. These Considerations, I hope. Gentlemen, will prevail witli you to prepare a New Militia Bill, free from the Objections that proved fatal to the for- mer Law.

A Bill for regulating the Indian Trade, and prevent- ing the Abns<*s formerly pmctisinl on the Natives, is also of the utmost Importance to this Province, as well to attach firmly the Indians to his Majesty's Interest,

SSz PapLfs of the Governors. ^|

as tu enable thi» GoreiomeDt to fulfil tht* Hi^veral Ee- irageuients that have bceu made With them in thi* Late Treaties*

As I am informeci that the Bupplles given to hia Majesty's use* for the Defence and l*roliK*tiaii uf the Province, are uear exj^>eDded, I inust reaaiiiu*iid it to you to think, in time, of proper Wa;^'^ and Means to rals*e further f^uppHes, by an equal and just Taxation of the Estates of the Inhabitants^ or such other Metli- ads as you may Judge vdU he the least burtheosom;^ to them*

I lay before you an Extract of a Le^tt*r I latelv iv* cpived from the Earl of l^oudonn, wherein bi^ Lordship requti-etj that the INiblick Roails Tliroui^huiit Uim Province should inuueilialely be put into (lood K4*pair, and several New Dni'^* eitt ; without which it. will bi* iin|Hws#ible to def»HMl and relieve the Provinee In cast of an Attack from the Enemy, or to act OfTi^nslvely a^tilitsf fTi<*rn. STi** T,finlRhip> T>*^ui:rnils nre ^i* just. reasonable, and absolutely Necessary, that I am per suaded you will, without Hesitation, enable me to carry them into Execution.

I i)roi>o8e going 1o my other Government on Thurs- day next. I shall press that Assembly to make all Possible Dispatch, with regard to the Publick Busi ness; and hope, on my return, to find the Several Bills recommended to you ready to be Laid before me.

The Affair of the Roads not admitting of the least Delay, I desire this may be finished before I set out.

WILLIAM DENNY.

October 17th, 1757.

4

William Denny. 883

To the Assembly Concerning Amendments to the Indian trade bill.

GENTLEMEN: My Message of the Seventeenth fully shews my opinion of the necessity of a Good Law to regulate the Indian Trade within this Province, but as I am a Branch of the Legislature, neither that Necessity, nor the publick Faith pledged to the Indians on presump- tion of a proper Dill being offered, can justify me in passing one that appears inadequate to the Good Ends proposed, or that deprives the Government of having a due share in the Management of an affair wherein his Majesty's Interest is so intimately concerned; I took in Consideration the Bill, entituled "an Act for PrevenUng Abuses in the Indian Trade" as soon as I received it, and now return it to you with such Amend- ments thereto as ajipear to me both just and reasona ble, in which 1 hope I shall have your Concurence, Though I intended to set out for New Castle this Morn- ing early, to meet the Assembly of my other (Govern- ment; I have this Bill so much at Heart, that I have delayed my Journey till the Afternoon, before which, I hope, I shall Know the Result of your Determina- tions upon the Amendments proposed.

I now lay before you a Letter 1 received Last Night from the Governor of New York, with intelligence that a number of Seneca Warriors are gone to join the Dela wares, or River Indians, and fall on the Southern I'rovinces, Minisink and Esopus. This, among other R<»a8ons, induces me again to press you to proceed on the Several important Matters recommended to you in my Last Message, without Loss of Time.

I hoi)e my journey to New Castle will not Occasion you to adjourn over to a further Day, as I am per suaded I shall not be detained tht^re above i* Fortnight

Further to the Assenil)ly c< and the Necessity for A and Recruits.

GENTLEMEN: In my Message to y October last, I laid I which as they appeared i quence to his Majesty's Ii of this Province, I presse mediate Consideration, an patch. In consequence c sent up to me one Bill c dian Trade. To which I as I thought reasonable accede thereto, that necesi you were pleased to adjoii ceeding at that Time, to tl ed to^ou. I now refer yo press you in the most ea Consideration of the se tiom^. The Supplies Ne tection and Defen^-e of t

William Denny. 885

tised in our Mother Country, or the other Colonys, ought not be pursued, to come in Aid of the Taxes which you may think projjer to Lay on Estates, Real and Personal. In Pursuance of the Treaty of Peace, concluded with Teedyuscung and the Confederate In- dians at Easton in August la»t, I have sent Commis- sioners to Wyoming to erect Houses there for their Habitation, and now Lay before You the Commission- ers' Report ta me, of the Progress made by them in Discharge of their Trust, in which they shew, that their Return before their Orders were fully carried into Execution, was owing to a request made by Teedy- uscung, that the Finishing the Work should be de- ferred till the. Spring.

After your adjournment, a temporary Expedient was agreed upon by me and the late Provincial Commis- sioners, to prevent the fatal Consequences that might have attended the not Supplying the Indians with a Store of Winter Goods at Shamokin, agreeable to the Promises made them at Lancaster, and Goods to the Value of One Thousand Pounds have been sent up to that place, under the Care and Direction of Mr. John Carson, who was commissioned by me for that Pur- pose. Though this may satisfy the Indians for the present, yet nothing can so elTectually secure to us their Alliance and Affection, or guard against their being abused and imposed on in their Dealings with us, as a proper Law to regulat(t the Trade with them; and I think mysolf oblig(Ml, once more, warmly to reconunend to you the i)reparing a Bill for that I*ur- pose.

I Lay before yon a Ix^tter from Lord Colville, Com- mander-in-Chief of his Majesty's Ships and Vessels in North America, requesting a Supply of S<»amen from this Province, to recruit th(» Ships under his Lordship's Command, and hope that you will enable

886 Pa|>€rs of the Governors,

me Hpe<:^rtilv to romplj with a Demand eo necessarj^ for the protection of hin Maj>»t!*>'B C-oIonieH. ^M

If any thing niiittTial should (K-rnr ilnrinj? tlw Tim^ of yonv Sitting, I »lmll take rare lo cominnnicatf* it tn yun. All I have at thin Timi* further to recainnRmd to yoii in, tliat in your IkOibcTatinn*! yon will Act with Vigor, Tl in i>t*r, iinil MoiUrntion, which at alt Times are neceswiry in Publirk ('•onnrils, Imt are more par ticularly ho in thtt Colonies at this Juncture,

VVILMAM DEN^NT,

January 3d, 175S.

To the Assembly concerning the case of William Moore a justice of the j>eace of Chester Coiuity,

charged with extortion and other illegal practices.

GENTLEMEN: 1 received an Addn^fetn from the la^e Assc^mbly nf this Province, dated the Twenty Eighth of S^pp tf^nilier last, wheiein thej id general Terms char^*'^! Will linn Moere, Ksi|Y, one of the *liisti<^*f^ of the F♦^n^'^' for the County of Chester, with Extortion and divers others oppressive and illegal Practices committed bj liim in the Execution of his said Office, and therefore entreated me to remove him from the Offices of Judge of the Court of Common Pleas, and Justice of the Peace, and from all other Publick Offices, Posts, & em ployment, whatsoever, under his Majesty within this Government. In answer to this Address, I am in- formed that Assembly, as common Justice required no man should be Condemned unheard in any AJatter that effected his Life, Fortune, or Character, I could not tliink myself justified in removing Mr. Moore from his Publick Employments, till I had made him a^

William Denny. 88;

quaiutc'd with the Complaints and Evidence Exhibited against him, and given him an Opportunity of making liis Defence, and, therefore, desired they would furnish me with Copies of the Petitions and Proofs, on which their Application to me against him was founded, and that on a full Hearing Strict Justice should lie done, both to him and the Publick. From the moment I received the above Address, I determined on a full and close enquiry into the charges against Mr. Moore, and to make a Publick Example of him, as far as my power extended, if 't should appear he had misbehaved hiuiself, or oppressed his Majesty's Subjects under Colour of his Office; and to that End I appointed this Day for hearing all the Proofs in the Case, after due Notice being given to the Parties and their Witness- es; Accordingly, I attended on that Occasion this Morning, with my Council in the Council Cha'mber, at the State House*, but received a Letter from Mr. Moore informing me that he was arrested on Friday Tjast, by a Deputy of your Sergeant-at-arms, and brought to this Town by Warrant from your House, and is now coufineil in Close Custody and therefore could not apiH^ar in obedience .to my order to make his Defence. I thought it proper to give you this information, to shew you I was sincerely disposed to do every thing in my l^ower, Consistent with the Rules* of Justice, in this Matter, and that any Delay therein cannot be imputed to me.

WILLIAM DENNY. January 9th, llkiS.

ITOVIIlCi* a^<llllnL *ni. ath

Steps to (MKiuire into th- i»xhibit(Hl against him; from any Charge of Del

I did not take upon m of his being arrested ai it now becomes me to you mentioned containi I^ate Assembly, or if i you rfre pleased to say) Assembly, presented th ean, in your present cap Notice of and punish tb will Judge how far your care to confine Yoursel^ it is circumscribed. Y will, Support yonr owi which you will always join and Act in Conce Power to do it.

I rannot help observ your Last Message you Steps taken by me to

William Denny. 889

ince, and an innovation in the Constitution. I am much obliged to yon, Gentlemen, for the Concern You expreBB for my Honour, but I (»annot conceive what could give rise to your Apprehensions. A Concern for my own Honour and that of the Council lays me under the Necessity of telling you that your fears had no just Foundation, that in no one instance since my Accession to this Government I have ever, by myself, or in conjunction with my Council, sat as a Court of Judicature, or given any Judicial Determination.

On Considering the Matters complained of in the l^te Assembly's Address against Mr. Moore, I could not be so absurd .is to Suppose that I had a. Judicial- Power to arraign, try, condemn, and punish him, for the offences therein charged upon him. Indeed, the only particular charge all(»dged against him was that of Extortion, an Offence very Oiminal in its Nature, and for which (if Guilty) he ought to be severely pun- ished, but I well knew that a Positive Act of Assem- bly of this Province annexed a penalty to that Offence, and directed the Mode of Trial therein, and that with- out assuming a Power of Dispensing with Law, I could not sit in a judicial Capacity on his Trial. However, as the Office in which it is said he had misbehaved him- self was under this Government, I thought it a Duty I owed to Justice and to the Publick to Satisfy mys(4f of his Guilt or innocence, that if he could not clearly ac- quit himself from the Charges I might, by depriving him of his Commission, at Least put it out of his Power to commit the like Offences for the Future. To this end only I appointed Monday last for the Hearing, and desired the Assistance of my C/Ouncil. If, in this, I have violated tlu* ('harter, and been guilty of an In- novation in Ihe Constitution, and erected a N(^w Court of Justice, I leav(» you and th(^ World to Judge.

I have very carefully considered, as well as the Shortn(^ss of Time would admit, that Part of your

1 Avouiu iioL jieMuiif uiif ('X(M'(is(' of it. (live me I tlcineu, that in the Esta a Power in the Single 1 Drovinee, so widely dilTei •Constitution from that ( eially in the Branches < Lives, Liberties, and Pro] are deeply interested ic Impeachments are Wara ment and Customs of o will Please further to C of England Consists of 1 tates, namely, the King, which have, inherent in Privileges, Powers, and ceive they do not derive i for that Purpose, but su founded in the Nature Principles of an English have an undoubte<l Rig such high Crimes and '. be called to an Accour

William Denny. 891

between them; and neither of the Branches of the T-egislature of this Province have any other Powers or Jurisdictions but those which are expressly delegated and granted them. Admitting, then^fore, for Argu- ment's Sake, the Words of the Charter and Law of the Province you refer to in their full Latitude and Ex- tent, which are, that the Assembly shall have power to chuse a Speaker, and other their Officers, and 9hall be Judges of the Qualifications and Elections of their own Members, Sit upon their own Adjournments, ap- point Committees, prepare Bills in order to pass into Laws, impeach Criminals, and redress Grievances, and shall have all other Powers and Privileges of an As- sembly, according to the Rights of the Freeborn Sub- jects of England, and as is usual in any of the King's Plantations in America; yet it does not follow that the Governor of the Province has the l^ower of hearing, trying, and passing Sentenc^e on such impeachments. No such Jurisdiction is given him by the Words of the Charter, or elsewhere, that I can find, on the Strict- est Scrutiny; Nor does it seem to me, for the Security of the Lives and Liberties of the Good People of this Province, that their Governor alone, or any one Man Living, should be invested with so high a Trust. Power has in it great Allurements, and when offered is seldom i*efused, but I have the Pleasure to find, that a preceding Governor of this I'rovince had Virtue enough to decline acting as a Judge in a case of Im- peachment under the present Charter.

Be pleased to remember. Gentlemen, that the Fre<. dom and Hai)piness of an Englishman consists in a great Measure, in the most inestimable Privilege of being tried by his Equals in every case that atiects his Life, Liberty, Character, or Fortune; and that to de- prive him of that Right against Law, or without Clear Law, if* the Highest injury that can ]K)ssibly be done him, and that whoever, in such a Case, under an Eng-

nie if I decline any such t ly subject myself to the ( Judicature, usurping an Liberties of the People, the Constitution.

Permit me now to rem Defence and Protection pends on your attending. Several Weighty Matter Messages of the Seven t of this Instant; and thei entreat you that every ( and Publick Concern, m place to them, and tiat y to more I^eisure and C<

January 13th, 1758.

Speech to Teedyuscu

William Denny. 893

Brother:

You may be assured I shall use my utmost Endea- vours to establish the Peace so happily concluded at Easton, between the People of this Province, and their Brethren^ the Indiaps.

A String. Brother:

I am sensible wo are richer than you, and therefore, I give you this Kelt, promising that I will use my best Endeavours with the wise Men that are now sitting to enable you to make the greatest Advantage of the present happy Peace, and to bring as many more Indian Tribes as you can influence into the Peace.

A Belt. January 18, 1758.

Further to the Assembly concerning matters con- nected with the trial of William Moore and the difticulties between the Executive and Legislative Departments.

GENTLEMEN: I have taken into Consideration your last Mes- sage, not less nniarkable for the great Freedom with which you are pleased to treat my character, than the Strangeness of the Doctrines contained in it, and the weak arguments brought to Support them. In my Messiige of the Thirteenth Instant, I flattered my- self I had di-'monstrated to you and all the World, that your ai)pivhensions of my having a design to establish a new Court of Judicature (in the Stei)s taken by me on Iho late Afwcmbly-s address to I'e- move William Moore from his Publick Offices) wert> groundless and unjiist, and I solemnly disclaimed any

8q4 Papers of the Governors, ^^H

Buch Ijitentitm. But to my great astonishment, 1 find u considerable Fart uf your Message \i^ takr*ti iijj with trite Queetioii^ and Reasonings^ tending to shi^w tUat I actually had siieh a Design; and y«u do iiot scrnpie to a^B^rt, that had not your s;^ergeant'atannK. for a very high Mindeiur^anor, an^ested the Person intended to he tried, that attempt had bt*t!n fully executed. In this you take upon you to Charge me with a direct Falsehood*

I tJliould be unworthy, indeed^ of the Commisgiou I liave the Honour to bear under hm Maje»tj% tamelj lo suiter such an indignity, without thus iniblickly expjvsfting my Detestation of the Charge, and the ju»t lie^entment witL \^ liieh an Honest Heart must ueees warily be inspired jij^ainRt the Authoui's of it. Had any one otTered a like affront to you, (Gentlemen, we, [JO doubt, should have heard enough of Breach Privi* leges; but, for ought 1 know, you may claim a Hg'it of villifying and abusing your Governo!**, a« uae among the many boasted l*owei^ and Privileges of th^ Constitution you Jiave already discovered.

The last Assembly, in their Address against William Moore, only desired that I would remove him from his Offices, on a supposition, I presume, that he was Guilty of the Crimes laid to his Charge. It is not easv to conceive you could think, Gentlemen, that I would take this Guilt upon hearsay, nor yet upon a number of ex Parte Depositions, taken in the absence of Mr. Moore, who, I know, was not heard in his Defence be- fore the House, nor any of his Witnesses examined on his behalf. It was my duty to give him and his accusers a full hearing, face to face. I appointed a Day for that purpose, and, from the whole Tenor of my (,'onduct in that affair, I am pei*suaded that no impar tial Pei-son can be induced to think I had any thinjr in View but a full Examination of Witnesses, to sat isfy my own Cousci(^nce whether he was a fit Mfinister

William Denny. 895

of Justice, and Worthy any Longer to enjoy the Com- mission he bore under this Government; without tak- ing such Steps, 1 might have been deemed arbitrary indeed. This is a method that, since my arrival in this Government, I have taken, where complaints have been made to me against Justices of the Peace, one of whom I have actually removed in consequence of such Enquiry, and it is further supported by the Practice of Preceding Governors, to the great ease and Satis- faction of the People, who have repeatedly expressed their Acknowledgements for the Trouble their Gov- ernors have taken, and the Justice done the Publick in such Cases. Resting, therefore, under this perswa- sion, and a Consciousness of the rectitude and Sin eerity of my own Intentions, I shall take no further notice of the unprovoked abuse and ill-Treatment of me in the first part of your Long Message.

It is very disagreeable to me. Gentlemen, that I am Laid under the necessity of saying so much. I can truly declare that I met you in Assembly determined to avoid, if possible, any Differences with you, and, notwithstanding the Ignominy with which you have attempted to load uie, I still think myself indispensa- bly obliged so far to suppress my just indignation as that it shall have no influence on my Publick Con- duct with you, or iuterft^re with what Duty I owe to his Majesty and the Good People he has been plea>ied to commit to my Charge.

I have very closely attended to that part of your Message wherein you (^ndeavour to manifest my Right, under the Charter and Laws of the Province, to sit as a Court of Judicature on Impeachments, and am so far from changing my first Opinion that I am still more confirmed in my Judgment that such a Power would be usurped by me. and the Act Arbitrary in 1h(* highest degixM\ You agree with me that in the mothi^r Country the lTous(» of Lords, which is the 57— Vol. Il^th Ser.

I \j y iiiv ».■,

tlO (I ^TAlViVtlt" r»ic»t

Founded in the Nature of . 1 must coufesci, (ieiitlei Ueasoning on this Oecasio nous; a middle state in { Two Estates only, or an i two that admit of no Third Arguments founded on no 1 may deem might be the in constructions and straine m<*ant to be granttni will ^ a case so important and i Lives and Kights of His ^ the Proprietary Charter v Head, yet it might, perhf questioned whether, under prietary could Subject Ei Trial before a single Pet several Characters of a Ji ferent from any Known 1 At pi^sent, however, ther the Discussion of thi» Poii neither bv Cliart(»r or I^^

William Denny. 897

cature, or publick Body as such, is indivisible in its Nature; it cannot he parcelled out into Parts, or if it could, I can hardlj look upon you as the Despensers of it. If a Governour could once persuade himself that it is necessary for the Safety and Peace of this Province that he should exercise the Power of a House of Lords in one ca»e, he may in another, and if you consent to his exercising one Degree of that Power, he may think himself intitled to claim and exercise the Whole, and by this means may bring all Causes, both Civil and Criminal, before him in the Last in stance, as is the case in the House of Lords, which is the Last and highest Court of Judicature in the Kingdom. Power, Gentlemen, once granted, is hardly ever to be regained; and should I depart so far from my Duty as to accept of the extraordinary Power you now press upon me, or could I think any Governor or single Man would be i>ermitted by the British I^egis- lature to enjoy to both the Powers of the Crown and of the House of Lords in these Colonies, you and your Posterity might perhaps long have reason to repent the Rashness of the Offer. Will it not, Gen tlemen, appear very extraordinary in the eyes of all Men, that you, who have been denying your Governors the Constitutional and essential Power of a Voice in the Ax}propriation of the l^ublick Money, and the Bight of appointing Militia Officers, should now all at once desire to invest me with a Power over the Lives, Lib- erties, and Fortunt^s of your Constituents, without the Aid of Juries, or the common proceedings of Justice. Such a Power may he safely vested in so numerous and August a Body as the House of P(h^p», whose inde- jendent Stations and high Characters sc*t them far above conniption or pai'ty Views; But in the Hands of a Single Man, Gentlemen, it might prove of ruiuous and dreadful consequences.

i

Paper?i ai the Governors.

r rt>^S

niat >*inr rVinj*tihition ip defeetirr In many set«, 1 shall dihiMjie with yon; hot undoobtedlj thin uld n«»t l^e tin- wn^v lo mriid it, For my Purl I hflve [hing ill riew Iml (o exereine thf* Utile ahari* of thority it ffiveft me, aad ici leare its Dt^fecta, whi liai% any, ta W flmeiidtd hv tht* \Vi»dam of our Bi iors,

["he Instance you give af a former Assembly's btioj Opinion that th(\v hfld rt Right to Inipcat'h* niid the rernor to Judi^i* <if siioh luipeaehmtuts*, iit no br*tttT >of than your own Oi>inioii. It is a nile that Ijou\ atom and Usage aix> the be&t ExpOvSitors of €^vt* ft\ and of the* Sense of tho»f* who fnuned Jt; aiid in g rase, it id revy remarkjible tliat you do nut iilTi*r produce a sin^^le Tnstanc*', dnce th(? l>ate of th#4

t tlun-d 111 f'V^Tcisi* Uir JujiNdii (ion vnd oflVr ul(^ U|rU p^eatly (<tnliii;x til n^^jiinudiz*' hihisKlf, hi Ilie rimtiju'v. I mrnfiiinrd In yon n hirnii'r Ih>\- (ir ttt' litis i'r<ivnin> ^vlni 1i;mI I iir \ iiMU' in ii>hiM'

4

William Denny. 899

trary, the Refusal mentioned above will ever be an Instance of his Moral Virtue. Almost every civilized Nation Buffers their Dead to re«t in Peace, And surely, Gentlemen, it may be enough for you that you can use an unbounded Fre^^om in Caluminating your Living Governors, without raking into the Ashes of those who are no more.

But you are pleased to remark further, that a Gov- ernor's assuming a Power to Determine on the Im- peachments of the Assembly, cannot be attended with the least Insecurity to the Lives and Liberties of the People, but will, on the Contrary, be the best means of bringing to Justice those who oppress the Subject. A Sheriff, say you, may be corrupted, a Jury packed, a Court who hold their Commissions during Pleasure, may be influenced, but it is unnatural to presume that the Representative Body of the People should be par- tial, corrupted, or do Injustice. Is it Possible, Gentle- men, that you who consider yourselves as the Repre- sentatives of Fret^men and Englishmen can be serious in these Opinions; (.'an you be really desirous to destroy at once the great Bulwark of English Liberty, and throw an Odium upon Trials by Juries, and the Judg- ment of our Peers, that inestimable- Privilege pur chased and preserved by our Fathers at so great a Price, and which neither ought, or can be taken away by implied Constructions? If it be unnatural to pre sume that the Representatives Body of the People, who do not act under the Tie of a Particular Oath, should be partial, corrupted, or do injustice; ib it not yet more unnatural and uncharitable to Suppose that in any Cause depending in a Court of Justice, a Sheriff who, as well as yours<^lv(»s, in this Province is Elected by the People, may be corrupted, a Jury, agcainst whom the indulgent Law gives the Party charged every just cause of Challenge, packed, and a Court influenced; all of whom, it is further to Ive observed, discharge

llQ

Papers of the Governors,

ir sf^vornl IHHit^s inidcr a [latiicular and solemn |;ilitiratifin ;ind (>atli, Wluil iiiun would nut ratber

is( lui4 <'jni>^e w n XuiuImt of hiR N*4^1il>our« and |u;j1s, f 'fioHt^ri and Svvtirii for that paiilfiilar Pm-pimi^, lo :in> standi ii;: lltidy wlialj«i(K*vfr, whowt* Powrr* Iv bv sln^trhrd ui any Exti*nt, heitij; rncuntroulaljlr ll audrliTird by any I'Spress Law? rpoM llu* whoh^ (j<.^ntleiaon, f^Ye mo Li*ave to tell |] urni^ for alt tliat I ni^ithpr will eonsent to take

111 jMi" the l*owprs you offer, oor yet to remove Mr. |(jri- from lim offlros, without a full llparin^, in lltT \i\ sati^tfy niy sf4f of the Truth of the CUarj;e§ luiist liini, a^ro*Mble to the Practice of all precedini^ |vt*rnors t^f thii* I'rovinee on Complaints exhibiteil

lilisi JlJsl iris i>[ ; III' !^^■0■^^ ll \\ ill. 1 lirr rftif <\ !■► i li

In t'ni' silt] In >|if'i]i| ihi' piihlirU Tiiiii' in :in> I'niiln'E

;<fi > ur Ovi'tlnrc^ ua Ihis Ihad. Tln^ liin^ \»("jit

sM'Fi sii \'\iv finrn lliinlsirfci: sMrh aw Koiniiiv ihimii

i|r ilhil, Ji 111^ hi^hiiMi-. rlii'^ 1 ij ini^ln'i j x\u- \\ ii

William Denny. 90 •

lected from a Conference with a Committee of Afi»em- bly. The Council Books, which have been inspected on that Occasion, phiinly sheW that the Person against whom the Bill was preferred was called before the (lovernor in Council, the matter fully heard, and the Governor fully Satisfied of the Truth of the Facts set forth in the Bill, previous to his pass^ing it.

A Governor must be made a very insignificant Per- son, indeed, if he was Obliged to yield implicit Obedi- ence to the Address of an Assembly, which, as you say, may sometime be founded on rumour only, to remove or continue what Ofti(;ers they think Proper, without satisfying his own Mind as to the Guilt or Innocence of the Persons. It is remarkable that you have formily put it among the List of your Grievances, that the Judges and Magistrates hold their Offices dur- ing the Pleasure of a Governor; and now you desirt» that they should hold them during your Pleasure, and be continued or discarded agreeable to your directions, which must be the case if they are to be removed on your bare remonstrance against them. (My motive for refusing the Power of Judging on Impeachments, does not arise as you insinuate, from any desii*e in me to screen Mr. Moore from Justice; he is a Gentleman with whom I have not the least Acquaintance, nor is he so much as personally Known to me.

You conclude. Gentlemen, by calling on me to re dress Grievances, to relieve your fellow Subjects from Oi)pres8ion and Slavery, to restore the Constitution, and then you promise that every thing I can reasona- bly ask will chearfully be granted me. Gentlemen, if your Constituents f(?el the Weight of any Griev- ances, I will chearfully Join in doing every I^egal Act in my Station to redress them; but b(*yond the Limits of my just P()vv(»r, I never A^ill V(»nture to go. I have neither Op])ressed or (»nslaved your fellow Subjects, or invaded 1h(» Constitution; when I am convinced of

Papers of the Governors*

fSmtrary, I ^hijJl think it mv l>ut>% iiu1**iH'inlt5r any otbtT uonMideTalioiij to t^xert mym-lf by all 1X18 in my l*awer, to apply ii licftnt»dy adequate to Evih

ou wUl sutVur me. Gentlemen, tu call on yim in Turn, if you mv tLat Utyal and failliful Peoplt* proft*fc*s to be, HoUi^itous of ass*is;tiiig in tbf* tlt-a- fl [ Utfirite of America, as well as in that of your " I partiiular Province, to give some iDimt'diale Vrtrnt rt^of, PmetH^d lu gniot the aeces^ary 8upplir*H for Current Vear, Frame and pai*s efft^ctual and Ton- atioimi Bill** to es^tuldieh a Militia Law, aod rega tbt* Indian Tradt^, Attend to the K**venil Wtngbly die Mat ten* 1 have i^cpeatedly recommetideci to you ly Htniirr Mfssn^n^s, and fOTisi drr hnw ur\]u*r^^nlu^ll I, 1o in^'^iiH't tiiM^it' ^n-f-al Sei v in^is, and ('aij>)*^y voni' t^s, ill new hrals nini IHspnti^s, ai ii Titm^ whm llrk Hnn^nT sHnoiind^ us on every sidf\ and uii, h\u\ K\if'U\\\'<. \\]\ii infb'<nl, ilni-airn ns v^eeIi n^i

I

I

William Denny. 903

portance to his Majesty's Service, the common concern of his Dominions on this Continent, and more particu- larly the Security and Protection of this and the Southern Provinces. The vigorous Efforts determined on by his Majesty the ensuing Campaign to repair our late Loses and to secure us from the future Designs of his Enemies, give the most convincing Proofs of his Royal Care and paternal Regard, and must neces- sarily inspire evei*y Loyal Heart to make the most grateful Returns. I cannot, tlierefore, doubt a ready and chearful Compliance on your Part, with the most reasonable Demands made of this Province by his Majesty in the Secretary of State's Letter. On an occasion so interesting, I must in the Warmest Terms pre«9 you, Gentlemen, to use Vigor, Unanimity, and Dispatch in your Councils, that nothing may be want- ing towards the immediate Execution of such Offensive Measures as the Commander-in-Chief may judge neces- sary for his Majesty's Honour and Interest, in which you may assure yourselves of my most Hearty Concur venc.e.

WILLIAM' DENNY. March 8th, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning the Bill for Laying a Duty on the Tonnage of Vessels.

GENTLEMEN: When I consider that this Province, in a great Measure, owes its quick rise and flourishing State to Commerce and the great Encouragement given to Trade, I cannot avoid expressing my Apprehensions to you lest the Bill lately presented to me for laying a Duty on the Tonnage of Vessels may prove very in

Papers of the Governors.

Q110 to >onr CoiistittientB in its (\jnHf*(itience«. J, ■t^fore, ciMild have wishvU you UatJ at li^ast fallen MeH*iure9 af layiag Taxes thiiit uiigiit hare c«mt* Vid iiiid k*t*i!?t*Di.*d the W*Mglit uf Uu* Bin(h*iJ thit this BiU will be impos^t^d on Trad«\ Ilnwftver, an

have coiisider(?d this MattiT, itud tbiiik Such a BiJI >st4ary, I luive Hf*Mt it down with s^inb AinrnilttK'iitji^ il>lK«ai^ to me proper and reastuutl^le. Vuu wiii jrve that I liuve struck out of the Bill auch of the liDi@Bioner& as aie Mt*rnberw of yimv Iltni>4t% whi>, ust further inform yoii^ ha\x% on et*veral (h/(nj4ii>n*< ftofore, in thc^ Cour&e of th*»lr Conduct &b Provia-

Commit^sionerp*. treated me with ho iiiiuh l>i«re- 1 that it m impossible 1 can for the future tran^et

Husines>8 with them,

WILLIAM ]M^:NNV, anil lilMh, lTr>S.

I

William Denny. 905

you have said, that you have published the Treaty of Peace far and Wide into every imrt of the Indian Country, and that to your own and our great Satisfac tion, those Indian Nations have accepted the Peace Belt, and have sent to you the Calumet Pipe, that from Old times have been made use of on such Good Occa- sions, and desired you to fill it with good Tobacco, and Smoak it with your Brother at Philadelphia, and al- ways to smoak it with me whenever any dark Clouds should at any Time arise.

After a little pause, the Governor says, "Is not this, Brother, the Purport of what you said Yesterday?" and then waits a little for the Answer, and when given he proceeds: Brother:

This news gives me and all of us the greatest Pleasure, and we receive it from your Hands as a token that you are a faithful Agent and Friend of Pennsylvania, and have done the ntmoet in the dis charge of your Trust. Brother:

I smoaked with a great deal of Pleasure out of the Pil)e that the far Indians, formerly our good Friends, sent you on this Joyful Occasion, and found the To bacco exceeding good; and I must now desire you, for them, as you Represent them, to smoak out of my Pipe, in which I have also ])ut some very good To- bacco, such as our Ancestors used to f*moak together, and was at first IManted here when this Country was si^ttled by Onas. We have found by expi^rience that whatever Nations smoaked out of it two or thre(» hearty Whiffs, the Clouds that were between us always dispei^sed, and so they will again, as often a» they arise , if these Indians will smoak heartily of it. Brother Teedyuscung:

You refreshed my Memory as to what was said at the Last Treaty, that Things should be done no more

Paperis of the Governors,

private, at* luid li'-en done lifuvtofon*; and that jmhi Mild pot eonceul nuy {mrt of it. hni piihligh ll h^fore I llK' World.

V(Hi uIko [Hit iTJO III mind at vour pruuiiii*^ of givlajf Halloo tlu\t niifrlit Im? Inward by the iiiiie*t illHtiiDt Na i!iH, iuid Uuil you have done it mHMirdmi;!y ; aud Dial 1 tilt- Natioiia n prtw*iited b> lliij* Ht^ll [ now hidd la y hand Jiavt* lu^ard you, and know iind upi^rciVL' irf ery thlii^^ that bas been donu by an, and I bat yrm V4* riiudt* ull tluwe Nations a^ oiw Mau, *other:

You also put me in mind by it, that tht^* far In ins* have t^eut Mt'^^iair**?* tu you, heartily OontrratiT [Inji yon on the good Work you have begun with tbf ifjlii^h, and Enrourap«fr yon to pcTfprt It, »ayins ;il Hh-lr Jtiiil Mil] IJms di (»i imI^ d npuji jL

Ills Maje>*iy, Kiiiji liri^r;j:t". mihrju't's thcs** Ki;,'lH If inns and r< irises Ihmi vsitli ojn-a Anns into tli'^

liiMi h;<Mi niisLhMil nolu'i^i^n vim ^itnl ns I itiivv IfMib

I

William Denny. 907

They tell you further that they have entiuired who has been the Cause of the Daiknt^s, and said there were three concerned in it, English, French, and In dians, and have found that one of these three had been the cause of it, and added that it was the French, and agreed that he should die; and have thereupon stopped all correspondence with him; have blinded his Eyes and stopped his Ears, that tho' Messenger go thro* his Country to and from you, Teedyuscung, and the English, yet he shall know^ nothing of the Matter. Brother:

I am glad you found Out among yourselves that the French were the Cause of the Darkness that over- spread this Country. The King of England found it out long ago, and therefore made War against them. This step that our Brethren, the Indians, made is a wise and Prudent Step. I am convinced by it that the same good Sense that has been among your An- cestors is not Extinguished, but remaineth with you still. 1 embrace this good Article of News. It shall be recorded in our records; and I thank them and you very kindly in behalf of all his Majesty's Subjects. I assure you by this Belt that we on our side will also blind his Eyes and stop his Ears that he shall never know what passes between us, even tho' Our Messen- gers should be Obliged to go across his own Country. In Confirmation whereof 1 give you this Belt.

Here gives the Belt. Brother Teedyuscung:

You desired that all that were then present might hear, and you put me in mind that I told you I was stronger than yon, and that you agree to it, and that my Words gave you Encouragement; and you desired me to Press on the Good Work we were engaged in and exert myself to the utmost, saying nothing should discourage you, and tbat if we joined heartily togeth

I

Papers nf the Governors.

•j and the Ctmnl iUu] (lint nin*V \tu woitlil j^vt' IF lesiiing^ we migljt pi-oujim- ournrlve** Biicce«ii« roUier:

1 nuknowliM)^^** \\hi\\ yun miil wnx inns I linvi* ir^ot what I saiil i»f Miiir Abilitv. [ shall renew wlia Bald then, and ^ny now tigain thai we are wl4I able, am [deased that you iiffer lu join with u« in l'myt*r* J the Moat High for Suct^^tw on our Rnd*^ivotir»f» Ihi uii coatinne to do jour part, and nothing shall t)r anting on mine. I have the pleat^mv to ari^muat [jti that the Representatives who are now Pr«ieiii five assuivd me that towards bringing to i>eifeeiiaft le great and good \A ork of Peatre which we are uci^ jgaged in, and to confirm his Majestj's Indian Alli^| I Mm!I i!un(l hisposltions towards tis, llif^y will < h' ;jr illv slri'ii^llu-n ]\\\ Uniids, and dn rs^'iylliing whiili tn Ik^ rcMsoiirihly T^xju-Mrd tnun llviui. And liaviu^ 'teivi^d nirM*;:iMMl Kiir(Pur;i;^c'nitMils you nuiy di^in'ini |n>ii ii iluti rtu- Triiv rniiariit \sill uiii fsiil to iN'rf<*ru»

William Denny. 909

Wives and Children with Pitty and Compassion, and

for tlieir sakes finish as soon as Possible.

Brother:

I am very glad that onr good nndertaking reached to such distant Indians; It was always my thoughts that they would one day repent that they lent their Eai« to the French King who poisoned them; I am very glad that by the Divine favour, this happy Day is come so soon, and that these remote Indians are so earnest for us to proceed, that it seems they would Look upon it Jis a Misfortune, if the Work should not be soon finished; I assure you, bi-ethren, by this Belt, that I look upon this to be a most important Work, the most so, that men can be engaged in; that Nothing shall be w^anting on my part, tho' contrary winds should throw Hail, Snow, and Rain in my face it shall not stop me; My eyes are even looking upon our Poor Wives and Children, and for their sakes nothing shall be left undone that is in my Power, I pray the great God that made us, to bless our mutual Endeavours and crown the good Work with success. In confirma tion of what I say,

I give you this Belt of Wampum. Brother:

I agree with you that there are bad Birds in almost every Bush, and tliat their Chirping ought not to be minded. Tho' there should be a Thousand Birds on both sides the Road, yt^t the Traveller, who is intent on getting to the end of his Journey, will not hearken to them. I shall, therefore, disregard every thing but what will promote the main Point — Peace and the good correspondence that is between us. This chiri)ing of Birds must not discourage Messengers s6nt to and fro; only l(»t us take care that we send Men who are faithful, and hno to s]M»nk truth; for as you say you hear with our Ears, so we h(»ar with yours; And a great deal depends on the Characters of the Messen-

^10 Papers of llie Governors.

grr*j and their rogul^vr ppoi^oeding^t^ I (lt*iMrf jou h% thiH Htritif? uf )\ Hijiimm to mmeuiber this-

A Htriug, Brother:

,Yoii have nmdi? Ufie of a great many MewnecRLTa, 1 and I hey have giun? to difTerent C*ountrie*i and dilTereDt Iribe^ of lodians. J desire to know the names nf four Messengers, and of the Jndian Nations thej have Iw^en i«ent to, that they be pnt n[K>n our Records, and tlie Meneijgers rewarded for their Trouble.

A String.

The Governor mnrlndt'd with tiiiving. ■*! have now twilj Answered ^^ hat jon naid to nie» and I de^irt* tfi know if yim have any thing further to pro|>o»e<**

March 22, t75S.

To the Assembly reconiniending a favorable Consid- eration of the Delaware Chief Teedyuscung's re- quest for an allowance for Ministers and School- masters and for two jiersons to manage the affairs of his tribe.

GENTLEMEN:

[jj I I^y before you the Minntes of yesterday's Con- fei-ence with Tcedyuseung. You will find at the I'lose, he reminded me of the Promises made to him it Easton, of an Allowance for Ministers and School- nasters for the n»e of the Indians, when they should )e settled at Wyoming; and has now made a further equest, that two Persons might be allowed them, for iianagement of their affairs in general. As they onlv ^tay in Town to rect iv(» my Answ(»r, I desii-e you will uable me, as soon as nmy be, to give them a S«atis

William Denny. 911

factory Om^, that our Friendly Indians may see the Government does not refuse them any reasonable re- quest.

WILLIAM DENNY. March 23d, 1758.

Speech to Teedyuscung, Chief of the Delawares.

r^MTtHER:

£) I fully expe(!ted I should now have been able to have given you an answer to the request you made respecting the assistance to be wanted from this Gov- ernment, in being supplied with proper Mijiister», Schoolmasters, and Council at your Indian Towns; 1 laid your request immediately before the Assembly, and they sent me Word that is it wa« an affair of such importance they would take time to consider of it Well, and give me an Answer; this they have not yet done, and as you have acquainted me that your Messengers are V(»ry uneasy to return to inform the Indians of what ha.-* passed here, I must for the pres- ent defer giving you an Answer to what you then desired; but you may depend upon it, that every thing this Government engaged to do at Easton they will faithfully perform. What they are now Considering is only the method of doing it. This is my Answer to what you mentioned the other day. Brother Teedyuscung:

You may rememlier I told you on Wednesday last, that altho' I had thankfully Answered the Messages you had brought me from the Indian Country, Yet I had something more to say to you. Brother:

I think proper that our Peace Belt that I gave you the other Day should be sent with the greatest Dis- ss—Vol. il— 4th Ser.

t2

Papers of the Governors,

itrli, and in the ^U'ui Mnnncr you can, to the li owns oil tht* (Jh»f>^ a till the othc^r Town* who liav* 3t entered into otir allianre, that they may hi* fully tfomied of what has pnased between us here, ani le Good Work we have doni*. Tiike thi» my CalumK ipe mth you for our Friendly ladiaim to i^nioak oni

I It is the Pipe onr Old Proprietors William IVnn, iioaked in on hii* lirst Arrival into this Conn try , with

II the Indians that then Entered into a Covenant hnin with him, and has been preserved by his Ord€pr > this Day for that good Fvirpose, I reeoniiq^d It articularly to the Delawares^ our Brethren, and thdr rand Children, the Bhawone«e, to ^nioak out of it eartily, a» it has now been filled with the aame gtrnd obacco, ajid they, the Dela wares and Rhawonew^ will u*n r^^TUdntH r then- ^to^H4' (\:imtrv, fnr lljp (Jnniuil I I'l^nr^srlvania is \hr (Troinid ihey came out of. rother:

Viui know wlif^n Ihpv flrs^f Wt as thm* \vt*fit onU -i

I *:.. 1

William Denny. 913

them already are. We shall then see one another with a gi-eat deal of Pleasure, and the Sooner it is done the better, and I assure you nothing shall be wanting on my Paii: towards perfecting this good Work.

In confirmation of which I give you This Belt. Brother:

I must put you in Mind at this Opportunity of our Children that yet remain among the Indians. I should be extremely glad to see as many of them as you can possibly bring, and as you are a wise man you know . that will give great Sati«faetion to me, my Council, Assembly, and all the good People of this Province.

A Belt. Brother:

• You may remember that at first, when the Clouds were beginning to be dispelled, a little foot-path was opened by Fort Allen to Wioming for our Messengers to pass thro' with Messages, but as now the Clouds are intirely dispelled between us and the Indians on Su-squehannah, I think it necessary to Open a gi'eat Boad, that is, from Diahogo and the Heads of the Sus- quehannah down io Fort Augusta, called by the In- dians Shamokin, whei*e you will always find a kind reception, Entertainment, and Protection in your Road to Philadelphia.

A Belt.

N. B. — Teedyuscung expressing some dissatisfaction at this Proposal, the Governor added that it was only a proposal for him to Consult the Indians at Wyoming upon, and then he might give an Answer after know- ing their Minds. Brother:

I have now done, and shall, without delay, lay before His Majesty's Commander-in-Chief and Sir William Johnson, the Gentleman appointed to transact Indian Affairs in this District, all that has passed between us, and I make no doubt but the Resolutions of the

914 Papers of I he Governors,

IndlBtm with regard to ihc Frentli will bi* \x*ry H^en^ able to thi*nu nod they will iTinuedialfly triinsniit if to h\» Majt*Kty, wb'i will Im? ex«H^'C*dingly pleai^ed. Slarch 25, 1758,

I

I Letter tu Cobnel (leorge Waqshingtoii relative to I Sundry Ttidian Affairs,

" rhilndelphia, 25tli March, 175a_

QlR: I

u^ K<*v4*ial :nMH>iint« hftve be**n branjrht flurinp ft [ W'iiUvr im if rhtiv was a di^ptmtirm in the We&. [l^rii Indianti to rotrirn to tbrir fMd'Fneiul«» the Etig- ■

Test' Ktig- lish; and a& there ha** ftei^n little or no mischief done oil the Frontier** of IIiIh and I lie Neigh bun ring Vvov inreB of late it in not iinlikt'ly but the Indiana a a* changing every Day in our Favour.

We have no small Confirmation of the truth of these Accounts by some Messages which have been delivereil to me, a relation thereto you will find in the inclosed Pai)er, besides what Teedyuscung has SK^d in Publiek. From the Mouth of the Messengers who came directly from the Ohio by the Way of Diahoga they expressly declare that since the Peace Belts sent by these In- dians who were formerly our Friends, have been so Kindly received by this Government, they are sure that on their receiving this News they shall be sent back immediately with an account of their seperating from the French and coming to join our friendly In- dians.

A few Days ago letters arrive<i here from Winches- ter informing that several Parties of Cherokees were come there and v/ere preparing to go against the French and the Indians on the Ohio; these Messen- gers were some how or other made acquainted with

William Denny. 915

this, and they no sooner heard it than Teedyuscung with them came in a formal Manner with the following Address: "Brother:

*'You must have heard that the Cherokees are come down to go to War. Now as several of our Friends who have joined with me live near, and some among the French, it is Necessary the Messenger should be sent before to tell them to separate from the French that they may not be cut off with them. '*Brothef:

"I would have you also dispatch a Messenger imme- . diately to the Cherokees to inform them of what is done, and to stop them; for if any Michief is done it it will not be said the Cherokees did it, but that you have done it who hired and sent them; and this will undo all that we have done. But when the Indian Nations are informed of the Peace we have made, then all those Indians will come and join the Chero- kees and be all Friends with the English, and alto- gether will go against the French."

I have reason to believe that the Cherokees hate the Delawares and Shawanese, and do not desire that they should become our Friends, but would have them all destroyed, having Long born them great Enmity; so that it is a nice point how to Communicate this Ne>v9 to them without giving them disgust; and if any of the Early Parties of the Cherokees take miff and should return disgusted they may turn back many other Parties that may be on their Way to join his Majesty's forces.

As this ill Conseiiuence can, I think, be well avoided, if prudence be observed in the Communication of this News, In Compliance with Teedyuscung's Request, I send this Express, desiring that the whole matter may be inflated to the Cherokees, and they be requested to have regard thereto in their Scoting Parties.

Papers of the Governors.

am perBTiadi;^ i\wv(* is a goml Dlnpoftltlon la liidan THbe&, latt^ly our UiUvr Knemies, towarth EtigliKli; and as it would be a j^n-at niiitftirttiBif, I I Ley Bhonld b*^ ia any wiNt* dibtrmiragtHl nr ddi- fuL'd, 1 hope yon wiU find a way of eiif^fi^ini^ tbt* Tokt^es to attend aeveraUy, to tbe ri»c|iii?iii tafiik' Tivdyo^Hjung and the^e Indiinii*. beg the favour to know what niinibA^ of Chefxi- 9 are already come, and how many more are til- ted, and in what manner they will dinjioiM- of ttisehTes, till the EendeKvoiis of the King't* Foi I am^ Hir, Yonr xt^ry humble 8orvant,

WILLIAM DENX

^'3

the A^?^enib1y cnncernini^ certain dciiinnils on the *nivfnce, especially \vith rt'^^anl tn the t|nartcriiii: >f trooi»s.

William Denny. , 917

necessaries as are required in Quarters, and particu- larly that a proper quantity of Straw and Wood be ready against the Arrival of the other Troops.

Some time ago 1 desired one of your Members to acquaint the House that the Act for Quartering the Soldiers would expire at the end of this Sessions, that it Might be renewed, and I now remind you that this is the Case with respect to the Act for regulating Car- riages to be employed in his Majesty's Service. A Number of Waggons will be wanted for the expedi- tion, which will make it necessary for you to fix the Prices of Carriages and Horses, without confining the Hire, as in the late Act, to the inhabited Parts of the Province, or limiting it to a Day or any certain Time.

Many of the Arms given to the provincials being very bad and unfit for use, I propose to Supply them out of the Publick Magazine in this City, and desire you would make provision for the Expence that will attend the Carriage of them.

WILLIAM DENNY.

March 28, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning the recent conference with Teedyuscung.

GENTLEMEN: Before I received your Message of the Twenty fourth Instant, in Answer to mine of the Day be- fore, I intended to have spoke to Teedyuscung, and to have taken my leave of him in Publick, but on his acquainting me that the Messengers had heard of the Arrival of some Parties of Cherokee Warriors in Vir- ginia, and were uneasy to be dispatched, that they might put the Indians who sent them on their Guard with respect to these parties, I did not think it proper

t8

Pnpers of llie Governors.

4

> detiilii them for a formal i'oiifereriee, but gave nijr nswei as »ooii as it could be ;rt>t ready, ^

You T^ill see by llie Minutes now laid before J^| lat I rt^mhided Teedyui*(:uag of the rrisoner*! rt*mai]i IK among tLe [iHiiims, agauriuij liitu it mcMild givi* reat Hatisfactiou to me, the C-ouDcil, -\fi«i*mldy, ami II th9 People of tln' Pro vj nee, to see a« many of them rouy^ht hei-e as wmb |>o^sildt** This I waid in tlv#> i>r€^ aee of the Messen^ei-j^ and othtr Indiaun. ^

To himself miieh more was »aid, intending it i$bould kewise be said in their i^re^tne; but he aclvi^N.'d me * the Contrary, telling nu% that the Mewiengi-rs wooM ^tuni im*tantly with Agreeable Answers from the In lans, and till then, no more need bt* said, and it wouUI n 1111117* h;nii) than iUtm].

N*i u}^|Hlr^^lTllly li:is ollVrrd sime lUe Treaty of K*if*- n\, n*r my Inkiu^ ti\\\ Me^jsnres n^specl in^* ilic ir oiiri^ 4 if llie ri'isoiiers. more tUau remludin;^ Teiiiv SI ini<: of liis *'n^:i;^i"nirMls on tins AriinnH, uliirlk !

. William Denny. 919

ginia Forces, at Winchester, with an account of these Conferences, and the good Disposition of the Indians, and desired it might be forthwith Communicated to the Cherokees, and they be requested to have regard thereto, in their future Excursions.

WILLIAM DENNY. M irch 28th, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning the proposed supply bill, the act .for laying a duty on the tonnage of vessels, the request of the General for troops.

GENTLEMEN: I have considered the Bill for granting to his Ma- jesty the Sum of One Hundred Thousand Pounds, and for striking the same in Billa of Credit, and for I*roviding a Fund for sinking the said Bills of Credit by a Tax on all Estates real and Personal, and Tax- ables within this Province, and have given it all the Dispatch, which the I^ength and Importance of it would admit of, and now return the Bill to you, with a few Amendments.

You will lind that I have struck out such parts as relate to the assenting and Taxing the Proprietary Estate in Common, and in the same mode with the rest of the Inhabitants of this Province. You are not, however, to understand by this that I mean, or wish to exempt their Estate from being taxed. This is what they themselves do not desire. On the Con- trary, they are willing that every Ti*act of Land with in the Province, surveyed and appropriated for their use, should bear an Hpial and proi>ortionable share of any Burthens that may be imposed on the People in the necessary Dc^fence of this and His Majesty's

I^a])crs of the Governors,

huT r(jloni(^s. IW thp Hill tbe Estates of the People |e to be rated and assessed l>>" Assessors t*leeted bj leni for tbat I'arjiosie. I This mode you think a vc*ry e<|iiitable one, and thai

would he uniearifinable that the People should h^ Ixed by any others* than sueb as they eh use and ap- (ine of. i rorueive. Gentlemen, the same Jnstic*?

due to vQiir rroijrietaries, and that it would be IliKilly unreasonable their Estate should be aBsesaed lid valued by P(*rsona, in whose Nomination, or Ap- |>intuient, they, or their Deputy, have not the least

lare, Thiw would 1>e to exclude them from the Rigbtii hd Advantaj^eft you think ouf^ht io be granted to pe iTieanest of Flis Majesty*^ Subjects* I should bare hsu'ndrd tlit- Kill an ihr iilmve |ilnT] wiHi n-pufl to IIP' raxHinnii lit \\['- V\ii}tv\r\i\yy Kst;it''. suit] ptmjmi^' |u]HMiJssinni IS Its ]h* iiisi^ihd fw I h:n i'nrpnsr, jiM't

■ Mil Imm'Ii ;ip[3rr'li'^r!sivr tlinl if tni;:l|l ti:i^!' riMiinl'*!

William Denny. 921

ouce more obliged to inform you that I never can consent to their being again appointed Provincial Com- missioners. Besid?}* their Extraordinary^ Behaviour towards me, and the strong Objections I have often urged against appointing any of your own Members to be Commissioners, I must acquaint you that they, on several Occasions, have laid out and expended divers Bums of the Money heretofore given, by Act of the Legislature, to His Majesty's use, without pi*e- viously obtaining my Consent, or even consulting me, which was a manifest Violation of their Trust, and expressly contrary to the Directions of the Law. They have, moreover, had meetings among themselves with- out Summoning or giving Notice to Mr. Lardner and Mr. Mifflin, their Brother Commissioners, who are first named in the Law, and had equal Power and Trust with them. They have likewise neglected to inform me of the state of their Accounts, or how they have applied the Ring's Money, though I long since de- manded it of them; so that I know not to this Day in what manner it has been expended, or what New Contracts may have been made by them. At the late Treaty held at Easton, wherein Peace was concluded with the Indians, being informed that they had bought, with the money given for His Majesty's Use, a parcol of Goods and brought them to that Place to be dis- posed of in presents to the Indians, I demanded of them a List of such Goods, and the amount of them, that I might be enabled therefrom to form a better Judgment how to conduct myself towards the Indians, or what expectations to give them on an Occasion so interesting to his Majesty and this Province; in An- swer to which they were pleased to tell me that they would in due time ])repare and lay before me a List of such Goods. This, however, was delayed a long Time, and was all the Satisfaction I could obtain from them,

Papers of the Governors,

aiter tli** Canclusion of the Treaty. UDdt*r llu**^ cunmtnnces, I sLould \>e iof*xeii*wiliU* lo lik Xfaje^jf (i the Publiek iii veistlug with new Powers PersfliiH to in so many Instanees have acted in direet 0|>|io ion lo their Duty preficribecl by the Um by whirli 'y were uppointt^d. I ara therefore under the difla .^eable NecessUy, Gentlemeiij of insiMtitig that yon iert ill the Bill Hoirie other PerBotis m Iheir nivnA^ 11 qualified for s<) high a Trust* which, In ?o I"^pu- IB a Country as this is, I presume you can be at iw m to do*

t Rhail have i^t^gard to the GeneraFB Bec[ue«t af fur (hing him with Fifty Light Horse out of the Men ^^ted to be niip^ed by the Bill, a« soon a« thnt Bill

IJ] \h^ pnssril i(i!)^ ;| \/.i\\. .Wu] ][n\n^ vnu Will ;::ivi

ul! |(c*ssihU- l>is|i;U(lL iis (he Si';isini for ,\<Tioii i** v;niri[i^ \vv\ U\>\. U'lu* srvt^rjH MaM(*rs re<ji(rst«*<i VI Mj iij VMiir Ml s^ii;;*' i\\' Un^ TJjirly iirsi <if hisi ijilJL slijill liiisr nn iMrliinhfr AHi'ntiiiiK

William Denny. 923

ereign for the protection of his Subjects in these Col- onies must be defeated, and thereby this and the neigh- bouring Provinces again be exposed to the cruel In- cursions of our merciless Enemies, unless the supplies demanded of each Government for carrying into Exe- cution the Plan of Operations concerted by his Ma- jesty are granted, I cannot but be greatly concerned that a Bill so important in its Consequences should be obstructed or meet with the least Delay. Give me Leave to observe to you, Gentlemen, that the Taxation of the Proprietary Estate hath already been the Sub-, ject of much Altercation, in which a great deal of precious Time has been lost. To sollicit and bring this unhappy Contest to a finai decision before our Superiors, An Agent hath been apixrinted and sent Home, on the part of the Assembly, and in the mean Time the Dispute hath been j>ermitted to sleep, and a supply Bill passed by the Legislature, wherein the Proprietary Estate hath been altogether exempted. This being the Case, I was not a little »ui*prized to find a Foundation laid for new Debates by a clause inserted in the above Bill for taxing the Proprietaries, and that too at a Time when Unanimity and Vigor in our Councils are so absolutely necessary. Permit me to i-emind you, Gentlemen, that our indispensable Duty to the best of Kings, a regard for our own In- terest, and eyery Motive that can actuate British Sub- jects and Lovers of their Country, demand it of us on the present Occasion, to bury or at least Suspend all former Heats, and to guard against every thing that can possibly impede the vigorous Efforts His Majesty is determined to make against His Enemies the En- suing Campaign, on the Success of which the very being of this I^rovince may depend. That nothing might be wanting on my part, I have offered every thing in my power consistent with my Duty. So far from being d(*siroiis to exempt the Proprietary- Estate

Papers of the Govt;mors,

im bearing a Hhare in \hi^ Ptihiick iliirthen, I pro ied to you iti uiy last MLmsage to tonrur with yiia taxing all the located aud appi'opnated Truct», pro* led Commissioneis were appointed m rho Bill tor it purpose, BUch ;is should be apjiroved of by both of ; aod 1 iuteuded if any DiflicuUies i»houId arifii' at>oat e Comniissionent further to propose that aa ec}U«t imber should be uomiuated by you and m^. TMb m a proposal no t^qui table that I did not iloulil yoiir ^ceptaoce of it; and I am at a loss to know what isoDM eon Id move you to reject it, I once more nmke u tlie like offer, and hope on Considering the Matter n will ef tiler roneur with me hi it or suffer the Bill pa^gag others of the like Kind heretofore have, ex* i]»tinjff thi? Pro^irietaiy Estate till the point is settled <1 Jidjuurnt't] nu !li<^ atlm-r ^ide uf tlu- Wati^r. It Ml hi lir Vt^rv di?ia;^n"(^PMi)i(* to me to i*iiii migrate the ♦ijsfins* 1 ix'iwr v(Mi in my t'oiuirr Mri^Sri^^i^ for flbji-cr ii le Five uf tlie i^ei'soiis Uiiuied iti llit^ Bill for jiio

I

William Denny. , 925

Delay should be imputed to this Province it is a great Satisfaction to me that no part of the Censure can justly lie at my Door.

WILLIAM DENNY. April 7th, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning the arrival of forty Cher- okees at Fort Loudoun.

GENTLEMEN: . Lieutenant (^olonel Armstrong has informed me by express, of the arrival of Forty Cherokees at Fort Loudoun, and that more are dally expected, and desires he may receive my immediate Directions in what manner they are to be treated and supplied, as they are come without Arms or Cloths. The Com- mander-in-Chief is made acquainted with their Arrival, and I have requested, that as these Indians come for the General Service of the Colonies, his Excellency would be pleased to order Provision to be made for them; but there not being Time to wait the General's Answer, without running too great a risque of dis- gusting these Friendly Warriors, T earnestly desire you would enable me forthwith to send them the Nec- essaries mentioned in the T^etter now laid before you.

WILLIAM DENNY. April 18th, 1758.

Order upon the Provincial Armourer for eighteen hundred light fuzees.

TO THOMAS JANVIER, PROVINCIAL AR- mourer:

You are hereby directed to deliver to Brigadier General Forbes or his Order, for his Majesty's Use,

a6 l*fy>ers uf the Govern urs.

wo Hundred and Kij^litei'U light FuzL^es, wlii<?li ar©l s the rravincial Majfii/Jne* [HiUhI lit [*hilHiii'l[}UiA,,f lis Twentieth Day of April, in the Year 175S.

WILLIAM DENNY.

o the Assembly concerning: its action with regar tn the Governor's amendments to thc! propo^ti money supply bill.

"GENTLEMEN:

J Duriii^^ the rmirKc* of yoar Ijitt* S<>8sionB. I 1ml imd too tretiucnt Ot'easions io luoii'iit Ihu MuUiO'l

loly Htfite of this dif^tressf*^ rtnintry — tho niiw*ai<0!i-r li^ AiiiiiM^sjtJrs wlieiein yrdi liavr Iwrii fn^ati^^l-^ iiir i»ai'!ii Ilia?' ill ( i^-alTm^iii nf aiysi-lf, and ynui Tin ^rcMiiH.thlr Htvlnys — hi tiini yaur Allciiliini fn ill" ripiillaii^ rtHLti'llls iif lllis ]kii'S(']Ll r:|iji|i;ii^tu ! ill if

William Denny. 927

Three Months of your sitting were expired before I i*eceived any Money Bill from yoii, and the first you sent uie was so framed that you knew I could not pass it, being only calculated to keep up Disputes, altho' the Season was too far advanced to admit of that De- lay, and the Operations of the Campaign in these parts in a great Measure suspended on our Account.

My principal Objections to that Bill, as appears from my Messages of the Third and Seventh Instant, were two. The first related to the unjust Method proposed for taxing the Proprietary Estate; and the Second to the Appointment of the Provincial Commis- sioners from among the Members of your own House, accountable only to yourselves a Practice liable to so many glaring Exceptions, that it must require an extraordinary Degree of Hardiness even to propose it.

The former of these points you have given up in the present Bill, which I received the Twentieth Instant, having totally exempted the Proprietary Estate, and chusing rather to deprive your Constituents entirely of the Benefit that would arise from an etjual Taxation of that Estate, than not Subject it intirely to your own Mercy in the Mode you propose.

As to the Latter ]>oint, although I refused your Bill yesterday on that Score, yet you adhere to it, and seem determined to see the Province brought to the utmost Destruction, and all the Measures (•oncei'ted by our gracious Sovereign, for our Relief, defeated, rather than the Fingering the Publick Money should not be in a few leading Men of your House, who, in various Instances have abused their former Trust, disregarded me and acted in open contempt of Law.

These an* hard Charges, Gentlemen, but I have made them publick ly, and if these Men regarded their own Charactera, or if you had that regard which might have been exj>ected for the Honour of your House, you would either have Obliged them to exhibit their 59— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers uf tlie Govern ors.

uiitB, wben rt«]THredj or jou would bnvc li*ft lhi*m f tlie pri*t«eDt Bill, and insorled eionie other iiner< onable Mt'n iu llielr Stead; ]tiit all this joii have leelined to do, and what iimders the matter ^till

Suspicious, th vour iasertlng a Claase i& the Qotwitlmtaaditig my rei>eated Protestations and

tions to the Contrary, mtiEiating, that they have,

my Consent, already expended the Sum of One ired Thoosaud Pounds.

i«j Gt^ntlenien, is indeed a short Way of settling untSj and is One of the boldest Impositions that qjs was ever oflei^ed to a Governor. From yoar itiaey, and the bard Ne^eaiity of the Time^, 1 am :ed to this Dilemma; I must subscribe my Name

fali^hoocl. SbHter these Men under an Airt of iiiliiy, :nui jPtrrlude nivsrlt and I la- Pliblirk ft'<nu ^]X IIh'JU \o i\ 111 tun* Arr(Mnit, (*r SiilTt^r all ihi- iHTS i'<>nM"i'iiHl lor vniji^ Siifelv tn stand i*tJlL lln- *n»ns \Um\\ lit IndiauH coint' lu our ^Vs^lstam-t* (y

VVilliani Denny. 929

Conscience, and in Violation of Truth, that I am obliged to say that the former Hundred Thousand Pounds is Expended with my Consent ; not to mention the Obscurity of the Bill, and other material Objec- tions, which I waved for the sake of Dispatch.

WILLMM DENNY. April 22d, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning a letter from General Forbes, and a request from the Delaware Chief Teedyuscung to have the houses finished at Wyo- ming.

GENTLEMEN: I lay before you a I^etter I have just now received from General Forbes, on which I desire to know your Resolutions before you rise, that I may be enabled to give him a proper answer.

Teedyuscung has renewed his Request to have the Houses finished at Wyoming, for which this Govern- ment stands engaged. I propose sending the same Gentlemen that wei^e appointed last Year, and shall recommend it to the Commissioners to defray the Ex- pences that will attend the Execution of this Com- mission.

WILLIAM DENNY. May 3d, 1758.

Speech to Teedyuscung, Chief of the Delawares.

BROTHER TEEDYUSCUNG: All that you requested will he chearfully com- plied with, and with the utmost Dispatch. Mr. Hughes, one of the former Commissioners, who lives

930

Papers of the Governors*

m Town, haa actjualntod me that he is wiUiiig, and will Sdon bi^ ready lo go, Notire shall Ik* Btmt to the gtber lie>ntlemen, who all live in the Countrv, You may be aeBuned I hot thie* Himiness fihall be performed to your Satisfaction. Brother:

I desire, on your return to Bethlehem, you will not fjiil to jstqid your Indiana to spoilt and range in the

plares where the Enem}^ Indians are know to

the Province, and that they may be directed to use th**ir iitiiKh^t Kodeavour§ to bring in a PriBOner, Brother:

You may remember that I promised you And Mo*it*« l^^trxtjy, nt KaKloo, tlujl wlio wan enmnnltetl on ^un* pituon of having niurderrd Indianf^, they should ht? tH(^d neeordinff to our r^iwi^i, I now aniuatnt yt\u that the Forms |>rt*ivcTilie<l by our Laws have l>een oliwervi^i

with resiNH't to ; And no being ofVred,

he could not be found guilty. I am iufornietl he ii* a — — — -, and, therefore, I propone sending him tmt of the Country. Brother:

I have now^ finished all I ha^-e to say to you at present.

May 5, 1758.

Speech to Shahaise and other Indians from the Con- estogo Indian Settlement.

BRETHKEN, AND BROTHER SHAHAISE: I have been informed that some of our Breth- ren of the Conestogoe Town were moving away with their Wives and Families, and selling tbeir Com and Improvements. As you had not given me any notice of this, I was much (Concerned to hear it, and

Willian: Denny. 931

therefore sent my Brother Sohaise a String of 'Wam- pum to invite him here to see me, that I might hear from him the truth of this storj'; and if it was so, whether that they were moving from any invitation of your Brethren, the Indians, or from any Dissatis- faction with us; and now I desire You, by this String of Wampum, to open your Minds fi*eely to me.

A String of Wampum. Brother:

I was also informtMi that one of your Brothei-s of the Conestogoe Town had been in the Six Nations Country, and was lately returned from thence, and he brought with him one of our Acquaintance of the Six Nations. I therefore desire you ^ill inform me what News he has brought from thence, and what passes among our Brethren there.

A String. May 8, 1758.

Further Speech to Shahaise and the other Conestogo Indians.

SHAHAISE AND THP] OTHER CONESTOGO IN dians :

I am very well pleased with the Account you have given of your Intention to remove; and much more so, that you altered j'our Resolution.

The Conestogo Indians may Depend on my protec- tion, and that I will supply their Wants, so as not to put them under the necessity of removing. Shahaise's determination to stay, even if the others should have gone, shews his Love towards his Brethren, and dis- covers a particular Regard.

I have dire(*ted Mr. James Wright to supply you with Provisions, from time to time, as usual, and shall

pEipers uf the Governors.

> €aKte6tlj n*tomniefid it to tin* Cammi»»ioutT» ^nd 3*011 80 nn* Tierc*sftii ry ("lothiQg; at p repent, you i are come down shall receive u AnuiH Present, •ay 12, 1758,

Speech to representatives of the Chcrokees.

RETHREN AM> WARKKUCB U^ THE CHERil

kitK' Nation:

1 bid you welcome in The Kiiiiie of his Majestic*'** teral and niyBelf. If them can l^ any thing In

i^h we cnn do von wr^vfc^e ft will pcivr^ ns plrnstire- an will hr jflrjisi^l Ut cninnnniirnle it.

Htrinjj;,

May 12, 1758.

William Denny. 933

Majesty and the Southern Provinces, to help the Eng- lish Cleneral in the present Exi>edition against the French, and we can assure you that Notwithstanding the reports that have reached your Country, these Indians are not come on any evil Design to hurt you, but to help their Brethren, the English; had it been otherwise, you would have heard from us, for we would never suffer them to hurt you."

A String. "Brother:

"I have the pleasure to assnre you that there is now in thi« City a Deputation of Cherokee Indiana, on their Way with Messages to the Six Nations and they have likewise a particular Message to you and the Dela wares. They tell us all is good News for you and us. But the Cherokee entrusted with the Messages is taken sick in this Town, and cannot yet proceed on his Journey.

'^As to the other part, respecting the Building of Houses at Wioming, you ai^ so well acquainted with our motives and good Intentions that you are quite able to answer for this Measure to the Six Nations or any other Indians who think amiss of it, and we desired you will take all possible care to set this matter in a true light everywhere, as it is entirely done at your request and for the good of your Indians; And that a» soon as we have the opportunity, we have been some time past expecting, of seeing and Conversing with them, we will fully adjust this iMatter both to your and their Satisfaction. "Brother:

"As a mark of the Confidence we place in you, and as a full proof of the good Intentions of the General and Commander-in-rhii^f of the Army of our gn^at King, whom you saw when you were last in this City with me, in the Messages that will Ik* delivered you along with this, and hojx^s you will approve of them, and

934 Papers of 'th€ Governors* ^H

either dt*liver tboni >mirBulf or i^end them h^ Imstj l^enmni* to Diabo^a, uiid order it so that tlte part whirh ipJatvK to vour Brethix*ii on tht* Ohio \h* s<*nt forwiird to tin in by the fit t ft*! Pt^rHonn that cau l*»* 4?tfrtj «iud with the uttnost speed, U >oii find we hUTe (knitted any tbiiig that is Deces5Hsir\, whirh vuu an* a^i^ured will promote the good Work of reaeu, wl' deiilt^e you Mill add it* |

'^Brother:

**As the Koad of Correspondence hy way of Wio njiii|^ is open, and we are coii\iiif:t*d of yoar Bitu^erity ill doing? 11*1 all the Rervice in your Power, we now »end you some while Men with those Mei9«ta|^eB^ that they may be truly and fully explniiied to yon, and we df'|>eiKl on your pioteeting and tn^^ing them lytfely tonducted thru' the Indian Country/'

A Btriiig, I

**Brother: I

*'\Ve know that the Rothhh** nre y^tnr partteiilur^ Friends. We would therefore have you send this Belt as an invitation to them in our Name, that some of their Chief Men may come along with you to confer on A'arious matters relating to the public Good. You may assure them that we are determined to fulfill all our Engagements and will i)ut into our Pipe some good Tobacco and smoak together, and we earnestly preos them to come by this Belt,* and desire you to join another of your own to it to Strengthen our Request."'

A Large Belt. **Brother:

"As I hear there are many Parties of Indians scat- tered up and down in the Woods near Wioming, I desire you will endeavour to call them together, and to find out w^hat Errand they are come upon, and send one or more of your Indians immediately off to me with the Accounts, and he shall be satisfied for his Trouble,

William Denny. 935

"Brother:

"I desire you will inquire of the Indians at Diahogo what is become of Essaway-wolling (Daniel) and the Belts that were sent by him into the Indian Country, as you may remember we particularly, by one Belt, invited the Senecas down here; having heard nothing from him, we are a/raid those Messages are lost. "Brother:

"It may not be in our Power to restrain the Chero- kee parties when out of our Sight, from going beyond the Limits assigned them, as some of the Young War- riors are rash and headstrong.

"I desire, therefore, you will caution our Friendly Indians of this, and press them to keep on this side of the Susquehannah, if they come Lower than Fort Augusta, and not to go over the West Branch of Sus- (juehannah."

Message offerinii^ the protection of the Province to the Sus(juehannah Indians and those at Ohio.

Ur)RETHREN:

Jj "You who live on and near Susquehannah, and all those who incline to live in Peace with the English, and are willing to promote and strength- en the peace amony; the other Indians, hearken to this Message, which we are going to deliver to you in be- half of the Governor of l*ennsylvania and the General and Commander-in Chief of His Majesty's Army in these Parts.''

A String. "Brethren:

"You know how crutOly the French on the Ohio, and the Indians under their Influence, have murdered th^

936 Papers of the Governors. ^H

Kiug of Great BHtaia^B 8abji.HMi^nnd Childrt'n, in th* Provin€e» of Vir^^iuia, Marylaud, luui IViumylvimiaJ whifL ha^ induced ilk Alajcsty I0 m^ud a great Xiim- ber of Troops tu tLastke the CiiUdix.^D uf the French King and their IndhiQ^. The Southern ![idiau«« uutJ of regard to the King of tirt*at Hrltain, and at the ] Kequet^r uf the Suuthfru I'rovineeta, are Come to h^i}3 I uti and revenge the Blood of the English «tpnt by tlii*| French and their lodianB. I

''Brethren: ' I

'*Out of Brotherly Love to you and onr Friends, w«< have sent this Belt on [>iir[>ose to aci|!iaint you witli our Proceedings* and desire you would «end j.>rivutvly to your Friends and Helations at Ohio, to come awa r | to your Towns and there sit stilL If they will flo im we will take care that neither they nor you shall he J hurt; we should be eorry that any of those who have^ an inclination to come home to their Native Country, and live in Peace with us, Bhunid suiter; and therefore as these Southern IndiaUB who are now with the King's Army are very numerous and exasperated against the French and their Assistants, we send you this Belt and earnestly press you to come away."

Here give a White Belt, one that has Little Black in it. "Brethren :

"You know a great deal of Pains has been taken by this Government and some of your Nations, in order to di8i>el the Clouds that arose from the North and darkened our Country. We sometimes thought that they were entirely Dispelled, bu't we find here and there a Cloud, and we do not as yet see clearly one another's Faces. We therefore invite you to come down to us as quickly as you possibly can, and you will find us willing to talk over every thing, and clear

William Denny. 937

up the Sky intirely that all darkness and Clouds may be dispelled."

A Spring of Wampum of Seven or Eight Rows.

Letter of instructions to Frederick Post conveying Messages for Teedyuscung the Delaware Chief.

Philadelphia, June 20th, 1758.

SIB: The Cherokee 'Messenger recovering of his Jndis- position, I caused him to be examined as to the Belt he has to deliver to the Delawares, and I inclose you a Copy of the Interpretation, which as you know was taken in the presence of Mr. Peters and Israel I*emberton.

The Cherokee gave the Belt, desiring it might be sent to Teedyuscung, and as it is of so important a Concern, I earnestly desire you would take the Charge of it and deliver it yourself to him at Wioming, or if upon your arrival at Fort Allen you shall find it not Safe to go farther, you may employ one or more tiHisty Indians to carry it, taking care that they thor- oughly understand the full Sense of it.

Please to let Teedyuscung know that the Cherokee is oblig'd to go to the Six Nations by Way of New York as soon as he is well.

I thank Mr. Thompson and you for your Diligence* and Care in the Execution of the Trust rejwsed in you, and for your full and Satisfactors' Account of your Proceedings.

You will be pleased to return my Thanks to Teedyus- cung for the Assurances he gave of sending forward the Messages. His Continuance at Wioming is of great Service. His uneasiness at the Mischief done

938 Papers of the Governors^ ^^1

fihoWK a siflcer** iifl'ection, and his giving ui* from time to time Infmiimliou of the Motions of the Enemy In- diaiis is a fartlier Coufirumtion of it. I shall make known tlie Stepft laiiing by liim to bring about a reti4?e, and hope lliat none will hurt him in reirerse fur what ofheT*» *lu, ov nt h«n^t I will try my Ende-a vourt* to pi-event it-

Or^rs are sent to Hhamokio, and yoo have Dupli- cateB of them to sc^nd by Way of Wioming, that a Bup^ ply of 1*10 vision 8 be delivered to Teedyuseuu^'s Mea- fcisengers, and a further Order shall he sent to givt^ tht'in a profjef Qo entity of Ponder and Ijead,

No'Flag was givin by me to Will Rook, the one got by Teedyuscung i& not an English one* The lietjeral lau^ madts as he tells m€% an altemtion in the Fly* and if one of the Xew Flags ean be got Lett?, it shall be delivered to you now*, if not, one shall l>e seal aF soon as possible.

By a mere accident, the Indian Btore at Atignsta

w Shut; the Agent, on the passing of , obligM

to come to this City. But he shall be sent to Augusta again in a ver^^ short time, & Goods will be sold as before; of this you make mention, if you think it neees- S4iry, or if any Notice be taken of it to you.

I wish you a good Journey, and desire you will apply to the C'ommissiouers for your Expence.

I am, S'r, your most Humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

To Mr. Frederick Po«t.

Speech to certain Minisink Indians.

BROTHERS: As you aie Messengers, and have come a great way .through the W^oods, I Brush the briers from your legs; I anoint the Bottom of

William Denny. 939

your feet; I wipe the Dust out of your Eyes and Throat; I clear your Bodies from the Sweiit and Dust, and I heartily bid you welcome.

4 Strings of Wampum. Brothers, the Minisink Indians:

Yesterday you asked my advice what you should do; whether stay here or go to Burlington. You know you were not sent to me, but to the Governor of Jersey, and you have an answer to the Belts he sent.

The reason why you came through this Province, is because the road to thi& Indian Country, since the War, lies through this Province; and at the Instance of the Governor of Jersey, I gave those passports that you have with you, to engage safety and protection to whoever should be sent. You nec»ded not to havi* come to this City, there is a shorter Road to Bur- lington.

I was glad that your nation acc(»pted Governor Ber- nard's Belts. They told Moses Tetamy, that the Mes- sengers would, by a certain time, l)e at Fort Allen with another; and he was now going to Fort Allen to meet you; but fortunately he has Light of you here; will take you by the Hand, as it is his Duty, and Conduct you to Burlington, where the Governor, Council, and Assembly, are no\\^ sitting. I therefore advise you, by all means, to go forthwith to Burlington. I am myself going there to Visit the Governor at his Re- quest by Tetter which I received the other Day, and shall be glad if I can be of any ReiTice to you.

August 4, 1758.

Speech to Sogongwypy or Samuel, a Delaware and other Indians.

BROTHER: I receive the Belt from the Three Chiefs very kindly. Their Message is very good and agreeable I will wait for their Messenger to come, and let me

g40 i\ii)crs of I he Governors,

know wliiMi tin 7 Will be at EuKtun, unci I will iDt*et] niL'rii there,

A String,

1 dumic you will It I T^mmIvhi*! im^ kin»w lUai 1 am much <ibUgi*d to hiiti foi- hin Uiff^ngf, smd 8hitl) net «^ he df^iiirf^.

Another String. AuguBt 5, 175^*-

To the Assembly concerning Admiral Boscawen's . request for a number of seanien and the proposed j Indian treaty at Easton.

GENTLEMEN: The Honour and Inteit^t of thi^ Provint^* are m , deejdy toneenit'd iu the hite li+*iiuest made by Ad- miral Boscawen to furnish him with a Number of Sea- men, that I cannot avoid reconmiending it strongly to you to reconsider the matter. You will please to re- member that hia Majesty in a Letter from Mr. Pitt, his Principal Secretary of Staite, bearing date the thir- tieth Day of December last, laid before you in March, Signified to me His Royal Pleasure that all Legal Methods should be used to supply the Commander-in- Chief of his Ships in North America with such a Num ber of Sailors from this Province as he should at any time require for His Majesty's Service. WTien, thert*- fore, I received the Admiral's Letter generously offer- ing that the Eccho, a Ship of Thirty-Two Guns, should in return for a Supply of the Seamen demanded be immediately stationed here for the Protection of our Tmde, I made no doubt of your readily acceding to so advantageous a Proposal.

You are pleased to say that it is not in your Power to convp\^ V\\\i \V\^'^fc«^\%\^\w!L^>afe^^^ the Province

William Denny. 941

hath bi*en at a very givat Expence in fitting out a Ship of War, now on a Cruizfe for the Protection of your Trade, and the Public Funds are near exhausted.

Gentlemen, when you (.'onsider that a Man of War Stationed on your Coast will render for the future the Province ship useless, that the great Sums necessarily exjiended in supporting her will be saved, and at the Same time your Trade will be more efiFectually Se- cured. I am pers;^aded you will agree with me that it is your Duty as well as your real Interest to fall on proper Means to furnish the Admiral with the Number of Seamen he demands without Delay.

New Funds will be wanting to Supply the Deficiency of those already raised; but it is certain that the Taxes hereafter to be imposed will be easier on the People if by the Measure proposed the heavy Ex- pences of Supporting the Province Ship can be saved to them.

I have the pleasure to acquaint you, that from the present face of things Indian Affairs seem to have a very favourable apixjarance. Since your adjournment in May last, I have been particularly attentive to im- prove every Opportunity that has offered to reclaim such of them a« have joined our Enemies, and of Con- ciliating the affections of the Indians in general. Sev- eral Messages and Conferences have passed between us, in consequence of which a general meeting has been agreed upon to be held at Easton, and I have late- ly received Intelligence that many are already arrived on our Frontiers, and great Numbers are Assembling together and may be daily expected there. At this Treaty the (rovernor of the Jersey has by the particu- lar desire of the Indians agreed to attend; and in order to make an (extensive as well as durable Peace with the Indiauj^ in general, I have invited the Gov- ernors of New York, Maryland, and Virginia, and Sir

942

Fapurs of ihc Clovcniors,

William Jiihii^tni \n favuifi- lut* witli fhelt prt'eenee ,

A \'vvy r'onsidf ruble KxfiencR inuiJt neix^s^is^finly i\t^ ti*iH\ lliis iiiipoi'faut Tnin««rtiow, \vhit;h the tNimiiib Hioners have agrt**Hl with mi' to defray out of the last Hiiiii granti*{l to hin Mnjotify hy thi^ Prcnniice* I hopi^ i.vt*iv Hand hiii! Hisirt iviU In* iiniti'd in endt^ivoarUg to bring to a hapiiy Iit^ue this Tn^atj^ so interesting to hia Majesty's Service, and the Colonies in j^eiieniL

WILLIAM DENNY,

HeptonilM^r the i:2tli, 175H.

To I he Asi^euibly concerning (jerieral Forbes' re<|nisi lion for carriages for the Ktng*s arniy.

GHXTT-EMEK: I lay b^ore yon a Letter from Gtoi^raT Foitiea,

which I ^ave jiifet reeeived by Express. You will thence collect the Si^ituation of Affairs under his Di- rection, and I most earnestly entreat you will consider it, and this pressing Occasion, do every thing in your Power to i)romote the King's Service, by falling on the most sjieedy and effei'tual method for Supplying the King's Army with Carriages, for want of which the General is in the utmost Distress.

WILLIAM DENNY. Sei>tember the LSth, 1758.

Speech to the Indians at a conference at Easton in October, 1758.

BKETIIREN: It gives me great pleasure to see so many of you, and of so many different Nations, at this Coun- cil fire. I bid you heartily Welcome,

William Denny. . 943

Brethren :

With thi» String I wipe the Sweat and Dust out* of your Eyes that you may see your Brethren's Faces and look Chearful. With this String I take all Bit- terness out of 3'our Breast, as well as every thing dis- agreeable that may have gathered there, in order that you may speak perfectly free and open to us. With this String I gath(?r the Blood, and take it away from the Council Seats, that your' Cloths may not be stained nor your minds anyways disturbed.

Three Strings. October 8, 1758.

Further Speech to the Indians at the Conference at Easton.

BBKETHKEN, CHIEFS AND WARRIORS OF the United Nations, and others your Brethren and Nephews now met here:

Agreeable to your Request at our fii'st meeting, I now return you the Belt which the Young Seneca In- dian brought me, with your Answer to the Invitation I gave you to come down to this Council Fire.

Here his Honour returned the Belt. Brethren :

I invited you to come down to the Council Fire kindled at this Place by me and your Nephew, Teedy- uscung, with a design to Lay before you Matters of the greatest Consequence to you and us. I am now about to communicate them to you, and to Answer all that has been said by you to me since our meeting together. I, therefore, by this String, Open your Eai*s that you may hear clearly and carefully attend to what I shall say to you.

A String.

60— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

our Proprietary W'illij

Had this wise Agrc as it always ought t< Differences had nev(*r not be recalled, and s resolve never to be ^ future.

A String. Brethren:

You gave us yester of your Nephews, the joined with them in Hatchets with which ^ us, that these Hatche by the French, and thj more against us, but vate Friendship with i Brethren :

We accept your Bel you have taken in enq true Cause why they

Now that the Hatcl

Tf-a o Tv^ T»rv/>rwr

William Denny. 945

between us may never be interrupted, but continue firm to the remotest Ages.

Two Belts. Brethren: '

By the«e eight Strings of black Wampum, you, the Mohocks, Senecas, and Onondagoes, told us that You had not only brought about an Union with the Dela- wares and Minisinks, on the Waters of the River Sus- quehannah, but had also sent Messages to the Indians now on the Ohio, as well those of these two Nations, a« those of the Six Nations, under the French influ- ence, desiring them to lay down the Hatchet, and enter again into Friendship with their Brethren the English, and on their behalf you have taken the Hatchet out of our Heads, so far as to lay a Foundation for a future Peace.

Brethren, the Mohocks, Senecas, and Onondagoes:

This was a friendly Part, and we flatter ourselves they will hearken to you, as there are now Deputies here from those Indians on the Ohio, with Messages to us, which will be delivered in Publick.

We accept your Strings and approve your taking th*? Hatchet on the behalf of the Ohio Indians, out of our Heads, so far as to make it the Foundation of a future Peace.

Nine Strings.

Brethren, the Cayugas, Oneidos, Tuscaroras, Tute- loes, Nanticokes, or Conoys, the younger Nation who are parts of and united with the Six Nations.

By these strings you say, that as you came down the Road which has been opened from your Country to this Council Fire, you saw Blood lately spilt upon it, and have washed it away, not only out of the Road, but out of the Council Chamber, least that should have been stained.

946 Papcrsi ut ihc Govcnims.

Wl* joiu by tlie^e 8lrmg« with yyu lu i^'iutivlug tht^ Blood, we bury it deep in the eartli*

Three Strings. Btutlim*6, the Cayugae:

With this Belt you justly Lament the folly of yoar youn^^ Meu, who tuive sulVered themselvi^ to be stoien siway fi'oni yon hy the Freoeh, autl then, at their In etigation, to r*ti'ike u«; you take the Hatchet out of our Headi*, you iiak F'ardon for them, and desire wt* will fr^rgive the Mi^rliief they hiive dfiue u», and both yoti and they protiiise never to Hurt us more- Bret hi^n:

\W aecvpt the Belt in their lii*!ialf, and give yon tliirt lielt in tolieu of our Frieiulf^hij* and Rr*condliu tion*

A Bt^lt, Bi'etlu^en;

You may remember that the Day before Yesterday, your Nephew, Teedyuscung, told me by thiB String, that he had already said to me at our former MeetingH, every thing he had to say, and had made me acquainted with the Cause why he had struck ue, and that I knew w^hat had passed between us; That we had made up all Ditferences, and had done it as far as we could, for our future Peace.

That at my Request, he had given the Halloo, and brought down to this Place you who heard him, and ai-^ now^ present, and that he would sit by and hear what he said together. Brethren :

As there are a great many of you here who were not present at our former Meetings, I think it proper, for your infomiation, to give you a short account of what has passed between your Nephews, the Dela- wares, and us.

About three years ago your Brethren, the English, living on t\ie 'Boy^^v^ <;3>\ \}QNsi»^Y<5.VY0LRfc ^^^^ ^^^:c^^^qil a

I

Ml

J

William Denny. 947

sudden, at a time when they were in profound Peace with you, and following the Business, Suspecting no Danger. Many were killed, and others carried away Captives.

We wene surprized, and did not know who struck u«, but sent Messengers up the Susquehannah as far as the Six Nation Country, to enquire whence the Blow came, and for what reason.

On the return of these Messengers, we were inform- ed that the Hatchet had been struck into our Heads by our Countrymen, the Delawares and Shawanese.

Sometime after this Discovery was made, a Cessa- tion of Hostilities was brought about by the Six Nations, at our Request, made to them for that pur- pose by Sir William Johnson; and upon our Invita- tion, our Brother Teedyuscung came down, with a Number of Delawares and other Indians, to a Coun- cil Fire kindled at this Place, where we have since had several Meetings.

At one of the Meetings, Teedyuscung told us that the Cause of the War was, their foolish Young Men had been perswaded by the Falshearted French King to strike their Brethren, the English; and one reason why the Blow came harder was, that the Proprietar- ies of this Province had taken from them, by Fraud, the Ground we now stand on, and all the Lands lying between Tohicon Ci'eek and Wioming, on the River Susquehannah.

At last all Blood was Wiped away and buried under Oround, the Peace Belts were then exchanged l)etween us and our Brother Teedyuscung, who then told us he acted in behalf of Ten Nations, and prom- ised to bring in and restore to us all our Fellow Sub- jects that had been carried off Prisoners by them.

For the Tinith of this short Relation I refer you to our Brother Teedyuscung, who will confirm it to yon more particularly.

A Belt.

948 Papers nf ilie Govcniors. ^M

Brf^throu: ^|

To continue our Frii*ii<lHhi|i, it m almoluiely nm:;^ flary to pri*8erA'e Faith, and keep the Proniiaeft fii* makp with i^ach other.

1 will ^peak plaiTily to yoUj and from the Bottam of my Heart, as one Friend ought to auotber, that nothing may lie heavy on my Mind to disturb me hereafter; and 1 expect the same 0|>enuess and Fnje- dom CPE your Parts.

r I desire, therefore, to know the Reason why oar rPleBh and Blood, who are in Captivity, and in yoor Power, hav« not been delivered to us, according to the Promise made us by our Brother, Teeilyus»eung, In behalf of all the ludiauft be reprt^sented ; and what iiB become of those Belts we gave him to confirm the Peace and that Promise; for, till that Promise is com- I>lic^ withf we tan never sleep in Quiet, or I'est satis- fied in the Fnendsbip of thosie who dr-tain otir Chil- dren and Relations from us. A Belt.

October 13, 1758.

I

Further Speech to the Indians at the Conference at Easton.

BRETHREN, THE MOHOCKS, ONONDAGOES, Senecas, Oneidoes, Cayugas, Tusearoraa, Nanti cokes, and Tuteloes: In a Conference held with you ye»terday, you told me, that we know your Nephew, Teedyuscung, gives out that he is a great Man, and Chief of Ten Nations, and that this was his constant Discourse. By this Belt, therefore, you denied him to be so great a Man, and desired to know of me who made him so, or gave him Authority over you.

William Denny. 949

Brethren :

I will answer you truly, and tell you in a few Words all that I know of the Matter. I have already in- formed you that after the Delawares had struck us, you, our good Fwends, the United Nations, advised them to sit still and do us no more mischief; and that soon iftter this we invited the Delawares to meet us at a Council Fire kindled at this Place.

We received an Answer to our Message from Teedy- uscung as a Chief among the Delawares. At the Time appointed he came and told us that he repre sented Ten Nations, amongst which the United Na- tions were included; that he acted as a Chief Man for the Delawares, but only as a' Messenger for the United Nations, who were his Uncles and Superiors, to whom he would faithfully carry every thing that should be transacted between us that they might do as they saw Cause.

We believe what your Nephew told us, and, there- fore, made him a Counsellor and Agent for us, and desired him to publish to all Nations of Indians what we did at our Council Fires, and to let them know we were sincerely disposed to be at peace with them. Brethren :

I can only speak for myself, and do assure you that I never made Teedyuscung this great Man, nor ever pretended to give him any Authority over you; and I must do him Justice to declare to you that at our former publick Trc^aties Teedyuscung never assumed any such Power; but on many Occasions when he spoke of you called you his Uncles and Superiors.

I never shall attempt to nominate or impose a Chief on any Indian Tribe or Nation, but on all Occa- sions will pay due regard to those who ane chosen by their Countrymen.

If any others have made Teedyuscung so great a Man as to set himself above you I am sorry for it. It

950 Papers of the Goveniors. ^^^|

ti moFe than I know, and tbey wha liavi* done it must aiiswt^r for tbeiuBelves*

I should he greatly tonrerned that any tineimiiif*^ nhoiild arise aniuiig you, and bn|H* you will guiu*d iipimwt it, and preserve that Harmony whiih ought to iii!iib»iBt betwt*ei3 Friemlii ami Ht-dations, Brethren; %

By this Belt and Blnng you promised mi^ to mak^ Diligent Heareh in yoar Townw for our Flesh and Blood who are Priisoneni aniong you and rrtuni them to us. Brethi^^n:

Wt* have always found you honeet and punctual in the pei^oi^ujunce of your Promises. Yonr Wordft, therefoiT% jE^ive n>e great Comfort and tlU our Ueiirls^ wUU Pkamire.

We rely upon yon that no Time fnay be lo»t in ful- filling an Eti^agement on whit*h our Pi^nce aud Qutet so greatly depend.

A Belt and String. October 16, 1768.

Further Speech to the Indians at the Conference at Easton.

BRETHREN, CHIEFS AND WARRIORS OF THE Six United Nations, and your Nephews, here as- sembled : I am much obliged to you for the Account you gave me the Day before Yesterday of the True Cause of the Bitterness of your Hearts towards us, and the Reasons which induced some of your Young Men first to strike us, and others to side with the French oo the Ohio.

William Denny. 951

The Advice you gave us to take better care, and guard agaiuBt any Breach of Friendship between us for the future, is very kind and wholesome; we will join with you, and Endeavour to prevent the like Evils for the time to come.

I promise you that I will immediately send to the Ciovernor of Virginia to enquire after the Seneca Boy, Squissatego, who you «ay was left a Prisoner in his Country, and if he is alive, you may depend on his being returned to you.

A Belt. Brethren :

By these Strings you put me in mind that the Pro prietaries. Four Years ago, bought of you, at Albany, a large Tract of Land over Susquehannah, from the Mouth of a Creek called Kayarondinhagh or John Penn's Creek to the Ohio, and were paid by the Pro prietaries' Agents One Thousand Pieces of Eight, as the Consideration Money, for such Parts as were settled by our People; but that as your Warriors dis- approved of your Conduct in Council for making that Sale, you now reclaimed such of the Lands contained in that Crrant as you have not received a Considera- tion for. Brethren :

The Proprietaries of this Province have on all Occa- sions manifested their particular Regard for you. They prefer your Friendship and the Publick good to their own Private Interest. Their former Conduct gives you no Room to doubt the Truth of this. What I am about to tell you is a further Confirmation of it. Ther^foi^e give me your attention, and listen to what I shall say. You may remember that at a Treaty you held with your good Friend, Sir William John- son, three Years ago, some of your wist^ men told him that there were some among them who wei^e dissat- isfied with the sale of the above Lands made by

Papers of the Governors^

ft- at Albany, and were dfsdrooa that part iif If (Id be reserved for them^ thouj^h the Propriotariei

purchased it fairlj of them and paid One Tlnm* i Pieces of Eighty which was all thej wen* to rt«* e till our People settled to the We8tward of ibe 'jifheny or AppalacciJi Hills. 8ir WiUhiift John

repi^esented this matter to the ih^oyirletarleft ia r Bel^alf, whereupon they ch^^arfuUy agrof^d to lUiL* to all that |>art of the Purchase you Imrt* n?* mod; and, by a Letter of Attorney, empowered lard Peters and Conrad Wcii?er to Execute a D**ed 'ou for those Lands, on yonr Confimiing totbinn lit^idue of that Purchase, On tbU Bnbject, th^fi.*^ , you will please to Confer ^ith them and Settle

Bninularn^ li^-Uvmi ynu, Hiai tluM luay rrlp:is*j

Limdw iii yon iircortliii^ly heforc^ you Icovi* Uil> :i\ jnul Hi'l yuiir MiiuIm at K;iS(\

Siring:

lll^'U ,

i

William Denny. 953

Vou know, also, that the United Nations have sold Lands to the Proprietaries which y.our Nephews the Delawares, now claim as their Right. This is the Case with Regard to some Part of the Lands lying between Tohiccon Creek and the Head of the River Delaware, which Teedyuscung, in your hearing, the Day before Yesterday, said the Proprietaries had de- frauded him of. The Proprietaries are desirous to do Strict Justice to all Indians; but it cannot be supposed they can know in which of you the Right was vested. It is a matter that must be settled among yourselves; till this is done there will probably remain some Jealousy and Discontent among you that may interrupt both your and our future Quiet, which we should guard against by all means in our Power.

A String. Brethren :

I now acquaint you that a Store of all Sorts of Goods for your use is opened at Shamokin, where the Indians may be Supplied at the most reasonable Rates with any goods they may want; and the best Prices will be given to you for such Skins, Furs, and Peltry as you shall bring them. Another Store is intended to be opened at Fort Allen, and you may depend upon it that such Persons will be placed there who shall use you with the Strictest Justice in all their Deal- ings.

A String. Brother Teedyuscung:

As I understood at our last Meeting that you were prevented at that Time by the absence of some of the Six Nation Chiefs, from finishing what you then had to say, I defer answering, for the present, such parts of your speech as relate to me. But I shall soon take an Opportunity of doing it.

October 20, 1758.

954 Papers of the Governors. ^^^

Speech before Ihe Chiefs of the United Nations at the Conference, at Easton in Keply to a Message ot the Ohio Indians.

GriVKHN(^H DKNNV^S ANSWKH 1H> THE MES^ Kiii^e of llie Ohio Ijiiliaos, brcHi||ht by Frt^derick Pimt, Pisi|uitomen, aad Thomas llickitmti.

Hy thirt KtHng, my iDdiao Bretlux^u of the Uniteii ^'atioim aud Dela wares join with me in i^equirinji of the Indhin Coutieils, to which these foHo^viiig Me*t- 8iigt*« shiUl be pj^sented, to U^mi^i 4nery thing privati? from the Eyes and Ears of the Frt^uch, ,

A String, I

brethren:

We received your Alt'^imige by FiKiqijitunji'U, aud Fred eri ek Pos t , a nd 1 1m n k y o ii for t h t* Ca n* y o 1 1 have takcm of our MeHH*mger of Pua<*e, and fliat you have put him in yonr Bosom* and protect rd liiin against our Enemy Onontio. and his t'ljfhiren, and Mmt him pafe back to our Council Fin*, by the gitme Man that received him from us.

A String. Brethren:

I only sent Post to peep into your Cabbins, and to know the Sentiments of your Old Men, and to look at your Faces, to see how you look. lAnd I am glad to hear from him that you look Friendly, and that there still remains some sparks of Love tow^ards us. It is what we believed beforehand, and therefore w»* never let Slip the Chain of Friendship, but held it fast on our Side, and it has never dropped out of our Hands; by this Belt we desire you will dig up your end of the Chain of Friendship that you suffered, by the Subtilty of the French, to be buried.

A Belt. Brethren •

It happened that the Governor of Jersey was with me, 5Vi\4 w. ^Yfe^X. \Mv?K^ \\i^\Vw ^^^Vmc^xsl^ sitting in

William Denny. 955

Council at Ea&ton when your Messengers arrived, and it gave Pleasure to every one that heard it, and it will afford the same Satisfaction to our Neighbour- ing Governors and their People, when they come to hear it; I shall send Mesisengers to them & acquaint them with what you have said.

Your requesting to let the King of England know your good Disposition, we took to Heart, and shall let him know it, and we will speak in your Favour to His Majesty, who has for some time past looked upon you as his lost Children; And we can assure you that as a Tender Father over all his Children, he will forgive what i-s past, and receive you again into his Arms.

A Belt. Brethren :

If you are in earnest to be reconciled to us, you will keep your Young Men from attacking our Coun- try, and killing and carrying Captive our Back In- habitants; And will likewise give orders that your People may be kept at a Distance from Fort Du- quesne, that they may not be hurt by our Warriors, who are sent by our King to Chastise the French, and not to hurt you; Consired the Commanding Officer of that Army treads heavy, and would be very son\v to hurt any of his Indian Bi-ethren.

A Large Belt.

And Brethren:

The Chiefs of the United Nations, with their Cous- ins, our Brethren, the Delawares, and others now here, jointly with me send this Belt, which has upon it two figures that represent all the English and all the Indians now present taking Hands and delivering it to Pisqnitomen, and we desire it may be likewise sent to the Indians who are named at the End of these Messages,* as they have all been formerly our very good Friends and Allies, and we desire they will go

•Sastaghretsy, AniRh Kallchon. Atowayteany, Towlgh Towlghraano, Geghdageghroanno, Gyaghtanont, Sisaghroana.

95^ Papers of the Governors^ ^^H

from among the Frt-nrh to their own Towns^ and hqB Longer help the French. H

Brethren on the Ohio: H

If you take the Belts we just now gave you, laS which all hene join, English and Indians^ as we don't doubt you will, then by this Belt I make a Road for for you, and invite you to rome to Philadelphia to your first Old Council Fire, which was kludled when we first iwiw one anotlier, which fire we will kindl.^ up ujraiii and reniovi* all disputes, and renew^ the Old^ and fir«t Treaties of Friendship; This is a Clear andfl oppu Road for you; fear, therefore, nothing, and coine to un with aft many as can be of the Dela wares, Shawa nese, or uf llic Bix Nation Indians; We will be glad to see You; we desire all Tribes and Nations of Ih-i dian>4 who am in Alliance with you may come; A» soon as we hear of your emning, of which you wiil give us timely notice, we will lay up Provisions fori you along the Koad.

A Large White Belt, with the Figure of a Man at Each End, and Streaks of Black, representing the Road from the Ohio to Philadelphia, lirethren:

The Six Nation and Delaware Chiefs join with me in those Belts which are tied together, to Signify our Union and Friendship for each other; with them we jointly take the Tomahawks out of your Heads and bury them under Ground.

We speak loud, so as you may hear us; you see we all stand together, joined Hand in Hand.

Two Belts tied together. October 20, 1758.

I

William Denny. 957

Further Speech to the Indians at the Conference at Easton.

BRETHREN: By this Belt we heal your Wounds, we remove your Grief; we take the Hatchet out of your Heads; we make a deep Hole in the Earth, and bury the Hatchet so low, that no Body shall be able to dig it up again.

A Belt. Brethren:

Now we have healed your Wounds, we, by this Belt, renew all our Treaties; we brighten the Chain of Friendship; we return to our first Affection; we con- firm our Antient Union; w^e put fresh Earth to the Roots of the Ti'ee of Peace, that it may bear up against every Storm that can blow, and live and flour- ish to the End of Time, whilst the Sun Shines and the Rivers Run. And we desire you would publish it among your own, and all other Indian Nations who are your Friends and Allies, and engage them to join with you in a firm Peace with his Majesty, and all his Subjects, in whose behalf I give you this Belt.

A Large Peace Belt. Brethren :

We now open a Road to the old Council Fire, which was kindled by you and our Fathers in the City of Philadelphia.

Be assured that you will always find this Road open, easy, and pleasant to travel in, and for the future, whenever Occasion Calls, we shall he glad to s(»e you there.

A Belt.

Bi^ethron of the United Nations, and all our oth(^r Brethren, your Cousins and Nephews:

We thank you for the Care and Diligence with whi(ih vou have attended to the several Matters wnr-

9S8 ^^Ktper^Ohe Governors,

ommended in you in tht^se (\>i3fereii(H^fi, which has ji(^ld4^d 11H vVhiiiHlaii«*e of ^atiwfartioii.

ThiK Trriity will oonvineo all oiu EDemk^ that wc are now imitfKi in the* Craieet Band of Amit^v, and whilst we join our Str€*ngth tojjetber, it will not be in ihftr Power to liiirt either you or us.

A Belt- * Brethren:

As a Token of the Love we, your Brethren of thiK Province bear to von, 1 Khali make a Fn^«ent of a Qnaulily of fSaods, which we have [in^partMi for voii, and di*Hire your Aci^cptanee of them; sensible of th<: approacbing Kc*a»t>n, and of the many Difficulties* you live uniler from the l*re«>ent War, We give it with an hearty good will,

October i^^ 1T58<

Speech to Teedyuscung, Chief of the Delawares, at the Conference at Easton.

BKOTHER TEEDYUSCUNG : By this Belt you put me in mind that we for- merly referred our Dispute about Lands to our Father, King George, and you desire to know if he has decided it. Brother:

You should consider the Circumstances of the af- fairs of your Father, King George. His Majesty lives at a very great Distance from us; is now engaged in War with the French; and the Business of War takes up a great deal of Time and Attention; besides in Time of War we have but few^ Opportunities of hear- ing from him.

As yet I have had no answer relative to your Af- fairs. You may depend upon it as soon as I receive

William Denny. 959

one it shall be communicated to you; And 1 can as- sure you the Proprietaries have pressed Dispatch, and will do every thing in their Power to bring it to a speedy Determination. A Belt. October 23, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning General Forbes' re- quest for men and supplies, an appropriation for the King's use, and the late Indian treaty at Easton.

MR. SPEAKER AND GENTLEMEN OF THE AS «embly:

I have ordered the Secretary to lay before you .a Letter I lately received from General Forbes, tht» Importance of which will, I am perswaded, convince you of the Necessity I was under to convene the House on the Occasion.

The advanced Season and late heavy Rains render it doubtful whether the General will be able to ac- complish the Reduction of Fort Du(iuesne this Cam- ]>aign. His Zeal and jR^rsonal Bravery will, 1 doubt not, induce him to attempt every wise and i)rudent Measure practicable to make an Acquisition that will be attended with so many Advantages to His Majesty and his Colonies. It \\ill, however, at all Events, be absolutely necessary for him to maintain this Win- ter the advanced Post he has possessed himself of, fortified, whereby he will be in a condition not only to nuike an Attempt very early in the Spring, but will be the better enabled in the mean time to cover and protect this and the neighbouring I'rovinces from the cruel Incursions and Ravages of the Enemy. To these Ends his Letter will inform you the General expects to be supplied with Tweh'e Hundred Men and Neces- 61— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Severity of the 8i^as< quire.

J5ut if (leneral Foi to take Fort Duque Interest of this Pro^ with our Proviiiciah opportunity of Esta^ Friendship with the I to be feared, the Fi still maintain such a the Several Nations Barbarities against t tiers.

I must also infon missioners have rep granted by his Maj Province is near ex arrears are due to tl Paymaster's Estimat doubt, therefore, yo Effectual manner, r this Service.

T Imve file Pleasv

William Denny. 961

Captives they have taken from us, and, from their Candour and Openness during the Course of the Treaty, the Concern and Sorrow they repeatedly ex- pressed for the Michief done by their foolish young Men, who were seduced and misled by the French, the many professions of Friendship and Love for their Antient Brethren, the English, we have the greatest Reason to believe them once more sincerely attached to the British Nation. I have also prevailed with them to exert their influence with the Indians in th«? French Interest settled on the Ohio to withdraw themselves from our Enemies and return to their Former Friendship with us, and have joined with them in sending proper Messages on the Occasion, which I hope will be attended with Success. I have ordered the Minutes of the Several Transactions to lie laid before you, and hope my Conduct therein will meet with your Approbation. November the 16th, 1758.

To the Assembly concerning a protest from the Mer- chants of Philadelphia against certain acts of the Legislature unfavorable to trade.

GENTLEMEN: 1 have ordered the Secretary to lay before you a Petition, presented to me by a great Number of the Merchants of this City, remonstrating agjiinst the Bill intituled "A supplement to the Act intituled ^Vn Act for granting to his Majesty a Duty of Ton- nage upon Ships and Vessels, and a\so certain Duties upon Wine, Rum, Brandy, and other Spirits, and a Duty upon Sugar, for supporting and Maintaining the Provincial Ship of War for Proteeting the Trade of this Province and other Puri)Oses for his Majesty's

into your serious Co Pi'tition now laid beJ a^isure you it will give every thing I ean towji of this Province, and to concur with you in who ai»e better acquj of your Constituents s ter, judge most equa!

December the (Jth, 1

To the Assembly ann pedition to the \V< and recommending-

GENTLEMEN: I have the Pleasi lately received frc with the interesting

William Denny. 963

Foundation of our Future Slavery, by possessing themselves, and fortifying the back Parts of his Ma- jesty's Colonies on this Continent, and to keep open a Communication betr^'^een their Settlements from Can- ada to the Mississippi, I am perswaded every real Friend of Liberty will think this Conquest could not have been too dearly bought.

Under Divine Providence, and the Courage, Pru- dence, and steady Conduct of the General, who is known, during the Campaign, to have struggled with and surmounted Difficulties almost insuperable, under the severest Indisposition of Body, the Success of this Expedition is owing to the good Effects of our Sev- eral Treaties a'nd Negotiations with the Indians on the Ohio, who w^ere determined, by the Messages sent them from the last Treaty at Easton, to withdraw themselves, and observe a Neutrality.

The great Advantages that will attend this success of his Majesty's A;*ms, will be sensibly felt by all the British Colonies, but none so much as this Province, whose Inhabitants have been the most exposed to the Incursions and Cruelties of the French and their Allies from that Quarter. It is not, however, to be expected that our Vigilant and crafty Enemies will permit us long to remain in the quiet and undisturbed Possession of the Country, w^hich they have been com- pelled to abandon to us. Common prudence, there- fore, as well as a Sense of Duty to our Sovereign and ourselves, demand of us to lose no Time in preparing to repel any attempts they may make next Spring to retrieve their Losses. In the mean Time, also, it highly behooves us, by every probable Expedient, to confirm the Indians on the Ohio in their Present good Dispositions, and conciliate their Affections to His Majesty, His Subjects, and Government. To ef- fect this, much remains to be done; Yet wavering in their Minds, & probably not unanimous in their Coun

t/i2 Papers ni the Covernors.

Sorvirp/ " u« VLT} injiinou« lu tlie Trade of this I*roT- ince ill g<*m*niK lunl jiartitil jitul um^qnul in the iiicide of nii&ing thf T;ix iui[)uf^*Hl for the* SniHK*rl of the rroviut'o 8htp of ^\'ar. I nnmi arktiowU^rJge thtkt many of tin* Ii«'tiKOiis at^sii^iie*! by thcrn apiM^iir to me of great Weight; antl a^ a matter of this Imi>ortatioe, in which thi? well biniig of this Colony m so nearly coiiri^inf*d, cannot In* too well dr*libeiatt*<l tj[H>ii, I te turn you the Bill, and dt^nire you wiU lake it again into your fieriouR ('on»ideration, to(3f<*ther with th** Petition n<iw laid before you. For my own jMirt, I ai«8ure you il will give me great Pleasiun* to rontrilmto every thmg I can iowiirtl^ the IVoteetion of the Trade of this Proviucej and you Khali a I way h ftiid luf* ready to concur with }0U in wicli mcfinw uf *ioing it n^ you wlio are lietter actiuiiiutcd with I he Cln*unit4tanc€« of your iVnigthuents s<}iall, nn reconsitl(*ring tlo* Mat tei", judge nios^l (^(|nal and impart iah

WIl-LIAM DKNNY. December the 6th, 1758.

I

To the Assembly announcing the success of an ex- pedition to the Westward under General Forbes and recommending certain military measures.

GENTLEMEN: I have the Pleasure to Lay before you a letter I hitely received from Brigadier General Forbes, with the interesting and important Account of his Success in the Exiiedition against his Majesfty's Ene- mies to the Westward, An Event which, it is true, has bec*n i)urcha»ed at a Considerable present Ex- pence, but when tlie Consequences are cooly weighed and ConsideitHl, of sutTering the Fivnch to lay the

William Denny. 963

Foundation of our Future Slavery, by possessing themselves, and fortifying the back l*arts of his Ma- jesty's Colonies on this Continent, and to keep open a Communication between their Settlements from Can- ada to the Mississippi, I am perswaded every real Fiiend of Liberty will think this Conquest could not have been too dearly bought.

Under Divine Providence, and the Courage, Pru- dence, and steady Conduct of the General, who is known, during the Campaign, to have struggled with and surmounted Difficulties almost insuperable, under the severest Indisposition of Body, the Success of this Expedition is owing to the good Efifeets of our Sev- eral Treaties and Negotiations with the Indians on the Ohio, who were determined, by the Messages sent them from the last Treaty at Easton, to withdraw themselves, and observe a Neutrality.

The great Advantages that will attend this success of his Majesty's A;*ms, will be sensibly felt by all the British Colonies, but none so much as this Province, whose Inhabitants have been the most exposed to the Incursions and Cruelties of the French and their iVllies from that Quarter. It is not, however, to be exjiected that our Vigilant and crafty Enemies will permit us long to remain in the quiet and undisturbed Possession of the Country, which they have been com- pelled to abandon to us. Common prudence, there- fore, as well as a Sense of Duty to our Sovereign and ourselves, demand of us to lose no Time in preparing to repel any attempts they may make next Spring to retrieve their Losses. In the mean Time, also, it highly behooves us, by every probable Exx>edient, to confirm the Indians on the Ohio in their Present good Dia])osition8, and conciliate their Affections to His Majesty, His Subjects, and Government. To ef- fect this, much remains to be done; Yet wavering in their Minds, «S: probably not unanimous in their Coun

964 Papers of the Governors. V

cilB on this uew Turn of Affairs, tliey will be liable to be ai^aio iwieoned find milled bj the Frencb, unless we 9pi.»<?dily evince to tbeiii that a firm ReliaDce umy bt* but! oil our FriendBhip, and that we are able and willing to protpct them ai^aiu^t thf French,

You will find by the Get)^rar» Letter, dated at Fort Dijuuesne, that he had determined to leave Two Hun- dred of our Provincial Troops to join a proi^M)rtionabU* Kuruber uf Virginians and Marvbniders to protetl the C^dimiry, and he desires my advice how to di^spow of this re«t of tlie ri*ovineial» for the easie and €oo- vonieney of the T'r(»\int'^^ nud InhabitaJiti*. It was tint in my power to (m mi ply fuUj with the (ienenira Re- qiioBt without previously knowing what Number of Troo|>8 you will jii^re^e to i^upport the enKuiniir ycsir; r was therefore nnder the Necessity of eonveiiing you lie fore the Time Of your adjournment^ to deliberate on thift and Ihe other im[Kirtant Mntti?rii I have above mentioned to you.

General Forbes i^ of opinion that the Building of a Block House and Saw Mill upon the Kiskemontias, near Loyal Hannon, will be of the utmost Ck)nse- quenee to this Province; and, at this pressing In- stance, I recommend it to you to make speedy Pro- vision for so necessary a Work.

I have appointed Indian Agents to reside at Fort Allen, and in any Place tha/t shall be thought most proper over Susquehannah. And the Comnodseioners under Act of Assembly for preventing Abuses in the Indian Trade, &ca., have, with my approbation, al- ready sent up Quantities of Indian Goods, which will, I hope, have a very good Effect on our New Friends, and be a Means of disposing them to continue hearty in His Majesty's Interest.

I must also inform you that I have very lately re- ceived a Letter from General Amherst, dated the Thir- teenth Instant, which will be laid before you by the

William Denny. 965

Secretary, wherein his Excellency informs me that though he has not as yet any particular Orders rela- tive to the Operations of the ensuing Campaign, he imagines the same Number of Provincial Troops will bo required that were voted by the respective Colonies this year; and that it will likewise be necessary in order to carry those Operations the more effectually into Execution, that those Troops should be at the Place of Rendezvous as early in the Spring as possi- ble. He therefore recommends it to me, if the Troops raised by this Province for the Services of the last Campaign are not already Disbanded, that I would move you to continue them in their Pay during the Winter, which will not only be a great saving in point of Time, but, by what he can understand, a great Saving of Ekpence to the Province. But if it should so happen that the Troops should have been already disbanded, in that Case he desires I would lose no Time in using my Influence with you to order New Ijevies, and to cause them to be provided with the usual Necessaries, and to be ready by the Time the Season will admit their taking the Field.

Before 1 received the General's letter, I had given Orders for the Discharge of the Companies which were inlisted for the Campaign Only, and sent the Paymaster to adjust their Accounts, that every Man might receive, with the Discharge, a Certificate of the Sum due to him, on which he might, perhaps obtain Credit for the purchase of Necessaries. The Pay- master is likewise directed to appoint some Proper Person to receive and take Care of the Arms, Ac- coutrements, and Blankets of every Soldier before he is discharged.

The Reasons assigned by General Amherst, for keep- ing up the Provincials raised for the Service of the last Year, are so Cogent and judicious, that it would be vain for me to add anything in Support of them.

Papers of the Governors.

I

|ie, tht^rt?fore, yon will take his ExceUency'H Iteiitii m into roar Serious (.^usidfmtitju, iinti eniitik* me :ive him a BjM^vdy Au«wi?i% efore 1 cDutlude, Gentlemtm, I miiKt ivmitid you*

Liii'ije Arn*iir?*iU(* due to tlu* IVuoir^ in Pay uT tliu viuee, more tLiaii tiie last 8uiii raitMMl for liis^ Mti- 5r*s use, will, aa I am tufurmed, he Kufflrieut to Dm* rge, and he*; yon will f*(m><ider that it i*; rlie lonn as svell a>5 tbu Interest of llu?* lYuvi!iut% that n» should be foand fur tlu* RjitHrdy Payment of

Debt

WILLIAM DEN]S^\ ecettiber tUe 21 «t, 1758.

u<Mic>^ to cc'iliiiii iiicmljirs mF ilu' Mc^^'Ihil: ^if

William Denny. 967

will easily perceive that I cannot, consis-tent with my Trust, order you the Copy you desire.

I can only say that there is not the least Reflection

in it upon any Religious Society, and I conceive the

nuH^ting of Sufferings have- nothing to do with it. If

they think otherwise, I refer them to the Proprietaries.

And Am, Gentlemen,

Your Most Humble Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY. Philadelphia, the KMh of January, 1759. To Moses Forster, Owen Jones, Joshua Morris, Thomas Lightfoot, and the other Members of the Monthly meeting of Sufferings.

To the Assembly recommending measures for raising troops and collecting supplies for the King's ser- vice.

GENTLEM5:N: I now lay iR'fore you a Lc^tter I lately received from one of his Majesty's princii)al Secretaries of State, dated the Ninth Day of December last, wherein he is graciously plefised to signify his Rc^)lution to improve the great and important Advantages gained the last Campaign, as well as to repair the Disappoint- ment at Ticonderoga, and by the most vigorous and extensive efforts to avert, by the Blessing of God on his Arms, all Dangei^s which may thiviiten North America from any future Irruptions of the French, and that his Majesty not doubting but all his brav;* Subjects there will chearfully co-oi>erate with, and Second to the utmost, the large Expence and Extra- ordimiry Succors Supj)lied by the Kingdom of Eng- land, for their Protection and Defence; and his Ma- jesty considering that the Several Provinces, from

Papers of the Governors*

insvlvaniri InchiHive to flu* Boiitliwani, ar^ wM. e, with propi^r ICncouraKi^tiic'tit. io futnif^h it ttoilj levoral Thoustind Miti U* join hiJ* Maji'^iLy'fi FortM^ Hinso ]Kirl8, for Komo rpiTt*iit*i vt* ot*eratimi** agtiiimt

Euem>j lia« therefonv' siij^nifyL^d to me his FIbimi^ , tluii I should forUnviili ugo my ntitio^t Kudifsi^ i*fi and Iiiliueiice with you, to Indure yon to ^UM^^ b all p(3^sibh* DUpatcb, witliin tbU Province, ar *( HB large a Body of Men as you did for tlie lii»l iipaign, and even jia many more hb the numWr of

Inliabitauts tnay Allow, to hold themHtdvi?» In dtiie^ig to ujarcb a» eiirly as may bt' lo thi- tC^/trde* is^ at such place* or places as may be Hiin--^ for t Purpoee by the Commaiidi*r in ChM of biu M*- y-Kr FoHT's in XoiMli Annriia. nr fbi-^ Oftin^r ^vl^o II Ijr ilppniiiM (1 io rtHMluand flir Kill^i's Fitiri'** iij

St* jsaris, to jM'iMrf'd, ill ruTijiiin'l i<ia wiili a Ili^dy If|j4 Maj<^8lyV i^i'ilisli 'rr^Kjjis, sn Ms lo Im'^^ui m-^ Ti as |iia('! iiahl(\ r^urli Oltnisisi* ( >|M'r:i! inns as sliall

I I

William Denny. 969

Sessions Next Year, to grant a proper Compensation for such ExpenceB, according as the active Vigour and strenuous Effoi'ts of the respective Province sliall justly appear to merit.

(jrentlemen : — In obedience to the King's Commands I do most earnestly recommend it to you to take these matters into your immediate Consideration, and loose no Time in complying with the Reasonable Requisi- tions His 'Majesty makes of you. A Sense of Duty to the best of Kings; the Preservation of your own Liberties and Possessions, w^hich his Majesty is wisely and vigorously endeavouring to support and transmit to your Posterity, are motives that must inspire you with the highest Zeal; and the example of the Parlia- ment of Great Britain, unanimously concurring with his Majesty's Measures, must animate you to exeii: yourselves to the utmost of your Power on this inter esting Occasion, and, I doubt not, will induce you chearfully to raise the Supplies required Of you. I also lay before you a Letter from General Amherst, Commander-in-Chief of all His Majesty's Forces in North America, requesting that the Forces raised by this Province may be in readiness by the Tenth of April, at which Time he proposes to take the Field. I must, therefore, press you to use Dispatch in your Councils, that such Advantages as the General may reasonably expect to reap from opening the Cam- paign so early may not be frustrated.

WILLL\M DENNY

February 27th. 1759.

Papers nf the Governors.

:er tr* General Aiiilicrst concerning \rarious mill*

tary measures of wan

rinladelphia, March :^*1, 17511. U: Iiiclose<l JM a <*npy of an aildro^ft, prf*t*fiin*ii to

tie by tlu^ Aw4<'niMy, %vitli n^g:aril lo varioiifi pier

m, which you will pleti**e tu ulM!H:Tve the}' inmiii

I Id be redro^i^i^d bL*fore th^y take theSTipplii-*^ Into

sideraiioiu

kiive already sent you lieiieral Forber' Ijeltt^r to

of the Thirtieth of Novemlieiv In whhth, aft**r ng the agreeable Jvews of Ihe ndurUon of Fort ,nesiie; he makes a Demanii of ijuai'ler^^ imij nuw

you an extract nf mj Letter fn Answer then-!o.

viMi ujiiy ln' :iri|uiniih-ti wild llh^ iMat/rs rapiilih <'(-*'i viii}j liic Iviiiji's 'I'nuijis iu a i nauiioilitm> nviiir

\\aL:;:iMi ArtounL afhr ^Siiii^ral ISiaddoikV

William Denny. 971

Ateordiiig to the Advices of the Indians now here, it is to 1h^ feared that the French and their Indians will attack Fort Ducjuesne as soon as the Kiver is clear of Ice, haAing their Magazine*^ ready at Kusk usky, and Places adjacent, from whence your Excel- lency will see the Necessity of an immediate Rein- forcement of the (larrison at Pittsburgh, that not being able to stand a regular attack.

As carriages will be immeiliately wanted for the Support of the Troops there, I can assuiie you, that Such are in general the narrow Circumstances of the Country' PcK)ple, who are to Supply Waggons, that none can be got till former Accounts are discharged.

General Forbt^ continues in a languisuhing Condi- toin, and neither is, or will be able to do any Business. Affaira are in such a Situation tluit I could wish it was Convenient for your Excellency to Visit this Place. If you cannot, please to send me your Orders and enable me to give an Answer to the Address by the return of the Exi)ress. 1 have the Honour to be your Excellency's

Most Obedient & most Hum\» Servant,

WILLIAM DENNY.

March 3, 1759.

To the Assembly recommending measures for raising supplies for the army.

GENTLEMEN: I lay before you a Copy of my I^etter to General Amherst, in cons<M]uence of your Address, and his Excellency's Au^wer, which I dare say will be agreeable to you, and I hope you will loose no more time in taking the Supplies into your Consideration.

WILLIAM DENNY. March 10th, 1759.

Papers of the Governors.

iher to the Assetnhly recn mm ending nieasures for raising supplies for the army,

^XTLEMEN:

1 lay befoii* yon a Ijetter from Bi^retarj Pitt, >f the Twenty Ninth of December \uBt, eommiitii* ng His Majp»iT'8 Cnmiiiandiit fa rt^new and rnforrt* he Htrongest Manner the lSece***ity of Ji pmivtnul ipHance with his last Orders, whirh have for eom*^ • been under your Considpnition* and again ii>^mu- yon that as soon as the Agc*iits of the re«f»*Ktive oneee, dnly authorized, shall produce th*> neees ' doeunienta, the same shall, without Deltiy. In^ ^nimended to Paiiiaruent for a reni*o liable Ohu- nation.

nmUi' 1LII (Innlkt liiil yini will now use your nttmist ^;iUh in raiviutr tln^ Snpjtlij'S, (^s[hm'ui11y ;is 0\^' ^011 is sri far iidviiih ( d. mtmI llir tinu* vtTV n<*ar tli;*r

apfHiintrd by ^Jcm^ini AihIhinI bir ihr b'lHrrs hi

I

William Denny. 973

which yoii will please to consider, and favour me with your Opinion upon it.

WILLIAM DENNY. March 20th, 1759.

To the Assembly concerning the money supply bill.

GENTLEMEN: I have carefully considered the Bill intituled *'An Act for granting to His Majesty the sum of One Hundred Thousand Pounds, and for striking the same in Bills of Credit in the manner herein separate after directed, and for providing a Fund for Sinking the sad Bills if Credit by a Tax on all Estates, real and Per- sonal, and Taxables within this Province,'' and now return it to you with a few amendments, which I hope will receive your approbation.

I would willingly avoid any Dispute that might arise between us, and i^etard a Bill so necessarj- at this Juncture of his Majesty's Service, as well as the safe- ty and Benefit of this Province; wherefore I think it proi>er to inform you that the Proprietors are ready and willing to Contribute their full proportion of the Sums already granted, or hereafter to be granted to tlis Majesty's Use, if, on a fair and equal Taxation of their Quit-Rents and ai)propriated Tracts, their former order for the sum of Five Thousand Pounds shall be found to fall Short of such proportion. If you approve of this Offer, and will prepare a Separate Bill for that purpose, I will heartily concur with you in it, and shall be glad to put a final period to this Contest.

WILLIAM DENNY. March 29th, 1759.

t

Pai>ers uf the Govcrnurs,

the Assembly recomtiieniSing measures Un ishing supplies to the anuy and navy of the King,

J

' By tbi' Halifax I'aiket I ^veatt*rday nn.H4ri*J lA^ter from the Right Hunuiirable Mr* Pitt, tl; his Maje^tyV pilmkiral Ki*« retaiifss^ of Bltlte, of the euty Third of Januaiy, (oiurininit-ating to irii* hitj jestj'ift Comma lids, wliieh ht* was pk»4int*ti tii ml yu receiving the Aciount of tlie Bucct*«8i of tim An the River Ohio, Vs this ProviuL-e the last year shewini great Z<^l 1 Ardour in promoting the nieasufes i^onducivi* I tt happy Event, which hia Majesty is oow defiiruii iiiiproviii^^ tn 1ho livst AdvaTihi^^*\ ;mm1 its Ins ^f:t- lyV t'ailliliil Sulk]* (Is in cmtv jiari uf his Ihiiahi* iJ will, Uit iMmlit. vir \\\l\\ r;irli Hllu'r in rnnh'ih n^ Hn^ir tiira<isl lo ih*- \i^<>r(m?4 KHVirts of bis Mm l\ j'nr^ Ti'ilnrinp his iMM^iiiifS U> rrnsiiiialili* T<inw

William Denny. 975

of Admiral Saundei-s) for a supply of Seamen from this Province, which I have already communicated to you with this Letter. I must again press you to taJie the Demand into your immediate Consideration, and let me have your result upon it, so that I may be enabled to return him an Answer.

WILLIAM DENNY. April 2d, 1759.

To the Assembly concerning the money supply bill.

Gp:ntlemen: My Instructions do not permit me to accede to a Bill for the Taxation of any Part of the Proprietary Esttite unless Oommissioners are therein appointed for that Purpose; nor can I conceive it reasonable that they should be obliged to submit their Estates to an assessment by Persons in whose Election or Nomina- tion they have no Share, and be thereby excluded from a Privilege ^ou have, with Justice, granted to all the Freeholders and Voters in his PiH>vince.

Every moment's Delay of the supply Bill at this Oiitical Juncture does great Violence to the Vigorous Plan of Operations concerted by our gracious Sov- ertrign for the Ensuing Campaign. I hope, therefore, you will no Longer retard it by insisting on a Matter wliich I have no i>ower to Comply with, but leave it to be adjusted in a separate Bill, according to the Pro- posal I made you in my last Message on that Subject.

WILLIAM DENNY. April 7th, 1759.

62— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors,

urther message to tlie Asf^etTihly concern in g: tiioiK-y supply bilL

Difore I lake Notice of your two la^t Mt^»fta|!4'«, of thi* Seventh and Tenth Instant, give me t^eft rpniint] you thiit irituiv Timntlm hrfine 1 t-fH'eirc' ir first Bill for gmnting the Bum of One LTimiln nigaitd Founds to His Majesty, I peiMHit*-fll^v t^M\v m YOU to rait^- ^uvU new ^rjppllefi as niifiht ht* iietv Bry to diBcliiirge tiie large i4n\*4irK du** to the P; cial Farces for their Ht^r^ice thi- last Camimlfrn- iintl ieciire our late Ae<|uisitioni* to tire WeKtwanl, and riurj into ExcHuiti*iii the Vigoroim MKisuien* eoii'^ fed by our graciouR Boreivi^n for fhe fVofVH'tlon Anjerirnii ( 'obniif^s, I cmilil ih<Ih iMiv^fVci, uhnoti till Iroiii .\iM] (ill \\n^ \ \\i^n\ y Uiiu-lh i»l liisl Mjir^iL us sirirrirlv dis|Ht?^r(l ti> fuiwai'd sii ||t'i'<'ss;in 31 llllL I ll\('i^<'i"ore wjivrd ni;i^v tH»j<^ Mniis, rljiU nM^liL wifl»

William Denny. 977

their full proportion of the Sums ah-^eady granted, or thereafter to be granted to his Majesty, if, on fair and equal Taxation of their Quit-Rents and appropriated Tracts, their former order of five Thousand Pounds should be found to fall short of such proporti'on, and offered to concur with you in a Separate Bill for that purpose. I had no other Motive in proposing a sepa- rate Bill and to expedite the supply Bill, which other- wise from such an Amendment as would include the I'roprietaries Estate, and pi'escribe the Mode of Taxa- tion, must be retarded, greatly to the prejudice of the King's Service, and the Common Cause. On receiving the same Bill from you a Second Time, I informed yon, by a verbal Message, that to put an End to all disputes at so critical a Sea^n, I was willing to Pass a Bill of the same Nature and Import with the late laws for gmnting Supplies, passed in this Province in the pre- ceding Years; to this I conceived you would have no just Cause of Exception, as you knew those Laws had rec'eived Royal Assent, and that the Agents for this Province in England, were instructed to procure the Decision of our Superiors tliere, what Parts of the Proprietary Estate was legally Subject to Taxation, and Settle the Mode of doing it. You were pleased, however, to send me up a New Bill, subjecting the Pro- prietary Estate to Ik? rated by Assessors, chosen by the People only, in Answer to which, in a Message of the Seventh Instant, I exi)Tes8ly. told you, tliat I was re- stricted by my Instructions, from giving my Assent to a Bill for the Taxation of any Part of the Proprietary Estate unh^s Commissioners were therein appointed for that Purpose, notwithstanding which, to my great Astonishment, ^-ou have returned me tlie same Bill, in- timating in your Messages that you will Suffer this Province to be exposed to all the Dreadful Train of Miseries and Calamities that must inevitably attend

]M \ W H II I 111' I MMllil il<

His (l('t(*riniii:ni(>n, i inc iiiidcr till' (lisji^iM tcr before liiiii.

In the present Cri snniin*;- a Dispute n\ your lornier ♦» ranis ( I hav(^ not Power to insist upon, an^ hut your Professions.

If th(^ Proprii^tary sive, can you ht' (h)i (l]'(\*<s before his Maj (hM'ided? If you h; uni-easonably laki^ 1 iii«j: so ini|)<)i'(an( a I the Conseijuenres of lulion ; I am sensible pli(-s e\pe<-le(l of yo to .ibaiKhm Pitlsbui gained in I hat (^u, <'ro\vn. the hist (' Ci'cdit with th<' In<

William Denny. 979

Before I conclude, let me remind you, Gentlemen, that the Lives of your Constituents are now in your Hands, and depend upon your final Resolution with Re- gard to this Bill; that your Duty to his Majesty, your- selves, and your Country, demand of you, that the Sup- plies required of you be granted without further Delay, and that you ought no longer to insist on a Point which 1 have so f retjuently told you I have it not in my Power to comply with.

WILLIAM DENNY. April 12th, 1759.

Speech to Teedynscnng, Chief of the Delawares.

BROTHER: I thank you for your assurances to Continue your best Endeavours to bring as many Indian Nations into the Peace lately concluded at Easton, as you are capable to Influence. I give you this Belt to assure you that I am your hearty Friend, and s?hall take a pleasure in doing every good Office to the Delawares, Unamies, Opings, and all other Indian Nations that shall return natural Alliance."

A Belt.

I shall recommend the request of the Indians who are in Want of Powder, to the Provincial Commissioners, who set to-morrow, and Mr. Peters will acquaint you with their Resolution. I shall at all times be glad to serve vou or any Indians ,>^u recommend to me.

A String.

June 11, 1759.

Papers of the GovemDrs.

lie Assembly vetoinp^ An Act for recording war* rants ami .surveys, &c.

:ntlemen;

Tilt- Bill Eiititiith^ *'i%n Art for rcH^ordinf? War-" 4 and Hurve}s, ik(\;' appearing ta hv ft Uiw Hl\h ^n*ed it ta tii^ * kinsideratlon of several (HMitlemea Ml in that Prcifes^gion. who have tnade many JttJUl r rations u[ioii the Defects of thp Bill, and re?porte<i

tbey are of Oiidnion stieli a Hill iji of tht* ntiiMHii H'tance to tlie Fret*holdpfs of thifi Province, ami *ves fhe grtniti^t (Jare, JudgiiLcnt and *SkHl in itn at ion, 1 cannot therefom give my Afl»ent to it hb w stands*, but have ordered theS**tTHar,v to rettirti VEMi for \n\iv fiirrliri- Cnnsidrt ;il Jt»lL ;ml<1 ]:iy Ifct^fiiri' Uu* < ii-rn h'liH iiV l^Minirks upun it, Eh;il in ;i i':isi< I *ii*'iH M(mitMi1 wlu^ii'iii th<^ Kstafr <>f i^vrry Lnuil t'V is cniirt-nit'ti* not hi n^ iii;iv Im- Tu**xl'*^'t<'d nr (rd ihat !ijiiv tt-rnl lo S^^nirv and Establi^b tlit^rr

a

William Denny. 981

passed over without taking any Notice of them. The Bill, as it now stands, is so very exceptionable, that it is hardly possible to amend it, without framing it anew; Therefore, I am under the Necess-ity of refus- ing my Assent to it, and recommend it to you, when it suit* your leisure, to make a new Draught on the Plan of the Observations I lately laid before you.

WILLIAM DENNY. June 19th, 1759.

To the Assembly recommending their favorable con- sideration of certain requests from General Stan- wix.

GENTLEMEN: I was obliged to call you together before the Day of your adjournment, to lay before the House Let- ters 1 have received from General Stanwix.

I desire* you will be pleased to take into your Serious Consideration the peculiar advantages that will arise to tliis Ck>lony by your Complying with the General's request. Extending our Indian Trade, Securing the lives of the Inhabitants, and improving the many ad- vantages lately gained over the Enemy, are motives that I flatter myself will excite your Zeal and Loyalty in promoting His Majesty's Service on this Important Occasion.

'Having had the Pleasure of receiving from General Amherst a particular Account of his late successes, I send you His Excellency's Letter, with some other Papers of Intelligence from the Westward.

WILLIAM DENNY. August 30th, 1759.

Papers of the Goveniors. ►eech to Teedyuscirng, Chief of the Delawares.

lOTHER:

I Inive coiis*iil»*nHi your ^p(H*eli of yesterdiij; f tiank you for ir; what >0ti have*miti j» very good, ter: » thing shall be wanting on my Part, to bring the

Work of Peace to an happy C^uelusion, It ses me to hear that the tDdmn^ are, all of them^ tentive to wliat we hnve been doing, and so de«ir- we should finish it. l^rovideiice hath hitherto fa ed our Couniils, rtud will always, we hope, eon ? to ismile upon us whilst we art with uprighi and Sincerity, and are eareful to iK-rforoi our Ea- Tiii^iits. Tills will Si^rure to Imth of ii^ Hh* Estf^^'m ir t 'hildn It aud i ir:ni(I i 'liihlrciL ii\u[ tlwy wil[ li,in- n\ hy sjK^ak wrll of us. and flimour oni- Ah^rnMj h-^ I \\i' jiin* in (iiir (iravt'►^^. Siriiiir.

William Denny. 983

of each other; I am glad to find you have your Ear al- ways ready open to what is doing in the parts where you Live, and that you have nothing to acquaint me with from those Countries but what is very good. Brother:

I shall now tell you our News. Many Indian Nations have assisted the King's Armies, who have been, thro' the blessing of Heaven, very successful; the strongest places of the French are conquered and in his Majesty's Possession: Niagara, Crown Point, Ticonderoga, are all in the hands of the English; English Ships are sail- ing under King George's Colors on Lake Ontario, Lake (reorge, and Lake Champlain; Quebec is almost de- stroyed by a large fiwt and Army in the River S't. Lawrence. Brother:

Hearken to what I say. iMy Ear is hurt, and my Ileart is grieved very much at something I have lately heard, and am going to relate it out of a I^etter I have recoivpd fi'oni the Commanding Officer at Fort Au- gusta, Major Orndt, who you know is a very good Friend of the Indians, and one who will write nothing but the trnth.

Extract of a T^etter from Major Orndt to Governor Denny, Dated at Fort Augusta, September the 20th, 1759.

Last Week Three Delaware Indians that had been a hunting near Tulpehoccen, stole Six Horses fi'om thence; the Persons who lost the Horses fell on the tracks and followed them to the Fort, and acquainted me of their I^)S8. I immediately inquired what In- dians had been a hunting thereabouts, and charged them with the th(*ft; they conft*8sed they had the Horses, but said that when tlu^ People were murdered and their Creatures takc^n away two years since, there was not so much said about it, but now there was a

984

Papers of the Governors,

gT**at Noise alK)ui ii few Horse's; and aftt>r I had rep- rL**<<*iitt*d to them the abu«p, and thaf T apprehended It wcmld 111 I reduce fre«h Troubles, they aft€*r tsoiiie Im- pudent ExpieBinonH, proniii^ed to n*turii tht* Honit*8, hut thi*j are gone olT with-out liritigitjg tbt-ni in. Broilier:

These are very bad thiti;jit: 1 expect yoc will call a Oouncil of all th<* Drhiwan* liidinng. and represent tJib niattrr to yotir tVuinKt*ih*rg, fiud make tbese foolish j'oun^ TJN*n bnn^j hnvk the FTorneH U} Major Onult, ami l8k pnrdpn for their rude treatment of him; the Horsi.^ riimtt mc nHurm*d, auil vonr yoari|? men re|>rovod and cbar^fed not to do the like again.

October i\ 1759,

Jummons for a Meeting of the Assembly in Novcm-

hen 1759-

BY THE HONOURABLE WILLIAM DEN ny, Esquire, Lieutenant Governor, and Oommander-in-Cliief of the Province of Pennsylvania, and Counties of Newcastle, Kent, and Sussex, upon Delaware:

WILLI AiM DENNY,

To the Sheriff of the County of Philadelphia, Greeting: Whereas, Tlie Publick Service of this Province is much retarded, and the Government disabled to fill the Courts of Justice in several Counties, with Judges of the Common Pleas, pursuant to a Law now in force, oc- casioned by the Keeper of the Great Seal of the said Province, absentini^: himself for Two Weeks past, and upwards, and takinji: witli him, or leaving the Great Seal in some Place unknown, where it cannot be come at, to the manifest Delay of Justice, and Subversion of the Pow^ir^ ol ^oN<^Tww\fe\!LV. "Woar^cv. xjecytiires that the

William Denny.

985

Assembly of the said Province should meet before the time to which they stand adjourned; These are to Com- mand and require you to summon the Representatives of the said County to meet me in general Assembly at Philadelphia, on Monday, the Nineteenth day of this Instant, November; Thereof fail not, at your Peril, and have you then there this Writ.

Given under my hand and Seal, at Arms, at Philadel- phia, the Ninth Day of November, One Thousand Seven Hundred and Fifty-Nine, In the thirty-third year of His Majesty's Reign.

INDEX.

(987)

INDEX.

ACADIANS, Arrival of deported French, 649, 564. Acadians in search of their families, 679. Aix~ld-Chapelle, Peace of, 96, 680. Albany, Treaty with Six Nations at, 282, 284, 290.

Alexander, William, Services In connection with Connecticut claims, 697. Allegheny, Claims of French to, 689. Amherst, General Sir Jeffery, 969, 970, 971. Ammunition, Order for, 925.

Arms, Request for loan of. from General Shirley, 607. Armstromc. Captain George, . Orders for, 626. letter to, 800. John, Surveyor, 360.

Orders to Colonel. 626. Army. British, Soldiers of resrular, 569. AsKembly, Adjournment of. Unseasonable, 27.

and military expenses, 33. 34, 44, 49. 63. 64. 229. 241, 266. 270, 273, 275, 276. 284. 287, 300. 301, 310. 316, 325. 828, 335. 363. 369, 873, 889, 400, 409, 422, 438. 450, 473. 478, 490. 518, 521. 531. 540, 548. 552, 580, 606. 735. 810. 974. and support of government, 543.

Delay of, in providing for cost of an Indian treaty, 88. Direction that clerk of, shall attend the governor every night with

minutes of the day, 366. Failure of, to meet pursuant to adjournment (1750), 137, 138. Further on premature adjournment of, 83. Governor's declination to lay original documents before. 494. Objection to adjournment of, without providing for defense, 335. Objection to publication of Governor's correspondence by, 366, 366, 367,

368, 414. Proposed movement to make personal demands of, 693. Rertexions on the Governor, 228. 229, 241. 498, 826, 873, 893. Refusal of, to raise additional troops, 816. Remonstrance of, on veto of land-tax bill, 778. Reply of John Penn to Addresses of, 696, 696. Request of Governor Denny for a copy of the minutes of, 877, Summons for an extra session of (1759), 984. Writt for election to vacancies in, 739. Aticquick, Indians at. 292, 294, 306, 307, 383.

BALLET. James, Captain of sloop-of-war Otter. 675, 676. Beaty, Charles. Commissioner, 878. Bedford, Duke of. Letter to, on paper money, 121. Belcher, Jonathan, Governor of New Jersey, Letter to, 758. Bethlehem Indians, Message to, 560.

Permission to move, 787. Bills of credit. Provincial. 94, 110, 120. 121, 227. 229, 275, 276, 308, 316, 325, 328, 373, 389, 416, 417, 512, 517, 538. 736, 778, 780, 919, 922, 926, 973, 975, 976. Bird, James, Surveyor, 360, 419.

Boundary line. Letter to Governor of Maryland on extension of, 122. Bounties. Land-grant, to officers and soldiers, 439. 450, 490. 6S8.

(989)

Brodhead. Daniel. Letter to, Buchanan. Wllltam. Surveyo

CANADA. Expe^litlon to. Cannon, Ixian of, I^ette Cannon, Loan of, ReqU'

Loan of requested from J

Offer of a grift of, for Carlisle, 368, 374, 572. 573, 582

Fort at, C85.

Indian council at, 201, 207

Letter from Governor Mo

Rendezvous of remnant o Carriages for the King's an Cherokees at Fort Loudoun,

Message to, 800. 806.

Messenger of. to the D<

Speech of welcome to, 931 Chester county. Disability of

Justice-of-the-peace, On a 876. 886, 888, 893. Clapham. Colonel William, 6 Claus, Daniel, 336, 340. Clinton, George, Governor of

77, 132. Colonies, Congress of, at Ne Commissary of Musters for Conestogoe Indians, 666, 671,

Speech to, 930, 931. Congress of colonies at New Connecticut, Governor of, L

Settlers from, Unauthorlz» Conscience. Liberty of. Will Coroners, Authority for Coui Correspondence, Governor dei

Governor* H objection to th 367, 369. 414. >eouncil, Authority for select

Index. 991

Crown Point, Building a Fort at. 368, 875. Cumberland county. Danger of, frora Indians, 290.

olUcials requested to care for remnant of Braddock's command. 443.

I*rovIncial stores in, 627.

Roads in. 829.

DEBT, Imprisonment of an Indian interpreter for, 588. Defense, Naval, 14, 44, 47, 48, 55, 58, 60, 61, 63, 64, 67, 79, 378, 424, 426. 792. Delancy. James, Lieutenant Governor of New York, 282, 284, 70O, 831. Delaware, Assembly of, urged to an embargo. 637. Bay. Defense of. 14, 44, 47, 48. 55, 60, 61, 63. Privateers In, 14.

Sloop of war for defense of. 675, 676. Indians. 125. 197. 204. 207. 208, 269. 294, 306, 525, 528, 578, 586, 590, 592. 594, 598. 605. 614, 617, 641, 731, 743, 746, 751. 755, 769, 788, 795. 801, 803, 838, 841, 842, 846, 878. 892, 904. 939, 979, 982. Instruction for conveyance of, to Shamokin, 808. militia law, 512.

Provision of counties on, for Braddock campaign, 402. Denny. William. Biographical note. 727. Inaugural address, 740. Proclamation continuing officials, 728. Diahoga Indians, 629, 630. 634. 638, 639, 640. 730. Dicks, Peter, Disabled from serving in assembly, 739. Dinwiddle, Robert (see Virginia. Governor of). 684. Drouth, Proclamation of a fast on account of a prolonged, 407. Dunbar, Colonel Thomas, Command of. On quarters for, 4r>7. Contemplated arrival of Command of in Philadelphia, 447. Letter to with regard to defense of frontier, 445. Successor of General Bradduck, 433. Dupul, Aaron, Commissioner to Wyomlnlc Indians, 564. Du Quesn^, Fort. 292.

Action at, 434. 440. 448, 489. Braddock's defeat at, 430. Expendition against (1758), 959. Further movement on, 481. Roads to, 358. 360. Duty on tonnage of vessels. 903. 920, %1. upon wine, rum, brandy and sugar, 961.

E ASTON. 795. Indian conference at. 941. 942, 943. 948, 950. 954, 957. 958, 960. Indian council at, 742. 743, 745. 751, 756, 758, 765, 838, 841, 842. S44, 855, 859, 861, 863, 864, 865, 878. treaty. Request for a copy of. by meeting of Sufferings, 966. Embargo on provisions. 615, 616.

on provisions and war storest 637. on supplies for French ports, 362.

on vessels carrying provisions, Recommendation of an, 772. Remonstrance of assembly against, 813. Raising of, 834. Relaxation of. 797. England. Samuel, Trespass of, 97. 98. English (See also British), sloop of war. 66. Estates. Taxation of. 454, 459, 473. 483. 490. 495. 518, 530, 562, 681, 776, 779,

780. 919, 922, 926, 973, 975, 976. Excise bin, 633, 737.

FAST DAY, Proclamation of a, 407, S27. Fees, Bill of. 344. Forage for the army, 393. Forbes, John, General, Expedition of, 959, 962.

63— Vol. II— 4th Ser.

Papers of the Governors.

m ttim Pom^ret Cwitl&) Allen, im.

wwu Tolnt, ^t S75.

yomtnk, £?!«. ild, SI2.

le ObLo. I&9, Z6i, St3>

and HDII4 rmhJbttlijn tp ^ubU»li ct»rr«atifirjul*nc« Gt Cki¥«fDoir i^lii' I af agfitjnbLy, U>T. rniln* «84> 7(^. T08, ?1€. ^BIRllHXlciTl tu tnftiL wllti OtUo lli*lUli#p IW,

imn3li4l<in to trNniit wim viit tiAtlonii mt AJtninjr, Si^t, £|4,

(nrt tmilui wiLr. Attnltttmut- In, U67, 9t<>, VIU $7S. ndlftn war endml blf |n»Jir(* nr Ai«*lft*Oha|wlW. 9*.

tiiiunM, K ta, t&, ^1, iz, o. m, m. m, m, m, m, m, mL tuk, Uh *^* ^^4. w. 412, m, 474, stH, f4)«, ck)!i, My, aix« sia,

03}, STT. 741. %it^, l«a, 870, ti«, ^m.

ff ft* Alltrirtlciiy rounty, (W»,

■ANind ir»4o with, 4lti.

lar, witrrtfcnt fur ttm utreit af a tHoHHUm*^ inc.

aehrnc-rttii, T^O, 600, Bll>, tUv

iiH.c i*.\. I'nL :ijr, .iTii, :^Ti, '-''y^. m. tui. (;ii .iirit t^iaiji^, si,.i,i,niHh iii't^'^Mr^r^ Kova tn, i''

,^r<iHii[Hf, An Kill i\f (|4'[-hH*.<L .'-4*1, '-M.

. l*:iii)j.iijii. hill -i^jhiiU«-$ fifr., SK nt't-^, VI, K7, iMJ.

t^Mf^ «(l, 111,

Index. 993

HAIG, Murder of Mr., by Indians, 77, 85. Hanly, Sir Charles, Lietter of Governor Denny to, 729. Hamilton, James, Biogrraphlcal note, 89.

InauRural Address, 91.

Notification of appointment as governor, 676.

Note on Governor, 680. Hardy, Sir Charles, Governor, 606, S18. Harris' Ferry, 795.

Indian council at, 562, G64, 666.

Letters from Governor Morris at, 608, 610, 612, 614. Harris, John, Escape from Indians, 510. Havana, Letter to Governor of, 42. Hay, William, Trespass. 97. 98.

Hendrick. Mohock chief, 387. 340, 356, 700. 708. 713. 716, 721. Hetaquantagechty, Indian chief, 660. 692. HlKKinbotham, Captain Charles, 38. 54. Hispaniola. Letter to Governor of, on exchange of prisoners, 68.

Pass for Ranger to go to, with French prisoners, 69. Holdernesse, Lord, Reply to a letter from, on Indian affairs, 221. Huldersinger, Rosina, Warrant for execution of murderer of. 773.

Respite of execution of murderer of, 777. Hoops, Adam, surveyor. 360. Horserteld, Timothy, Letter to, 629, 635, 637. Hughs. John, Commissioner, 878.

1

MPEACHMENT of William Moore, Justice of the peace, prop<.Bed, 876. 886,

Indian affairs. Letters to George Gn)ghan, Deputy agent for. 760, 770. 771, 788, 790, 806. 830, 832, 835, 853. In<lian allies. Governors' message to, 504.

Recommendation of a reward for scalps to, 870. chief, Captain Newcastle, 629. 638. 639. 642, 729. 753.

Hendrick Peters, 337. 340, 356, 700, 70S, 713. 716. 721.

Hetaquantagechty, 660, 692.

Iroquois, Message to an, 622.

Jagrea, 520.

Packsinosa, S64.

Scarroyady, 486, 620, 524, 590, 598.

Shickcalamy or Shekallamy, 328, 405, 406, 660, 682, 700.

Teedyuscung, 638, 731, 743, 745, 751, 756, 758, 769, 770, 788, 790, 796, 798, 803, 824, 830, 832. 835, 844. 846, 849. 855, 859, 861, 863, 865. 869. 878, 892, 904, 911, 915, 917, 929, 937. 948, 9G8, 966, 979. 982. disturbances on the border (1756), 741. hostilities. Suspension of, 775. interpreter, Imprisonment for debt, 588. trade at Fort Augusta. 872.

Bin for regulating, 633, 873. 881, 883. war, French and, ended by peace of Alx-la-Chnpelle, 96. Indians and Braddock, 383.

and proprietaries, 743. 856. 912, 966.

and Quakers, 836, 837.

and William Penn, 856, 912.

Anowaro. 723.

at Aucquick or Aughv^ick. 292, 294, 30.';.

Bethlehem. 634. 636

Message to, 560.

Permission to move, 787. Carlisle, 668. Cayooges, 652, 653. Cayuga, 7?3. Cherokee, 915, 917.

Arrival at Fort Loudoun, 923.

V 994 Papers of the Governors,	1	1	■
H iAdl«»>H Cfe€roK«^-C<ai»tiiiu*d.			^^^1
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			^^^^^H
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^^H Confer^nfd ut l^kfittn, HI. Nt, MS. »^. HO. K4, Kf. IB. 9m		^^^^^^H
^^^^1 CiMl o( oi.nvf»ylriff h jir*t>«nl lu Ibft Olita. Ui.			^^H
^^^1 CPU null 11^ CaJ'lllll1^. 301. %n, 210. 314, m, tM, ^Si			^H
^^^ iit Kutiton. 7a. Ta. m, Ttl. IIA, :M. 7Ul, 7». ^« SU,	««i.	844.	i^ ^M
H ' Si:). »e^. m, 961. »ti.L K&{. i«&. NTi.			^^H
H at Hpn-ti' Ferry, m. u«3. &M. ^80.			^^1
^^^1 HI Lii»cai»tfr. 7»e. ?JJ1, m, tH>9, Hlf,			^^M
^^^H M rbHadtlrtim U7&7>. ^».			^^M
^^^H &e FhUfid<iphi«, im, $m, ni, m.			^^M
^^^^m T^leEKtlon &K Fort AU«ti, ISM.			'
^^^^ ucijiwnrv, m, if7. ^. attT, aci», i«». m^ sos. 5S&, m, tn.	Hi,	6»,	m.
^^^B £114. m, ««. $U. ISII, ^K m, T44« 74£. T«l, T&&. Tm, 7».	^*	■01,	m.
^^^V S34. M!. £4S, «J(r. m, ««S, 9(K. 999. »B, «^
^^^^B Oannrnmhon or p«uc* wHh, ii9,			^^^^1
^^^^H ConveyAHcc to Shamnkln, SW.			^^^^^M
^^^H It^iaraclun of war (LK&Uiet. 1^9^, hH.			^^^^^H
^^^^P Fi^HajUTtAttofi of pe«M% wUhf			^^^^^1
^^^F FmpcpPltloEia or pfiiLce from. iSG,			^^^^^M
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^^B uufaoifiL. utiK ^. m, m. m, m, m.			^^^^^M
^^^H KK<:ape of .hihn Harrin frmn. UO.			^^^^^H
^^^H KVUlloii of i^uftttfni frtjin lAnila of ffU Mfttlnu. lOf. iS&.			^^^^^
^^^^H Kr>ri for prat^ciloa of U>tiiiiUnh> (fTli.			1
^^^B Frvneh atid. ;;, 30. 2^. ^?. Ifi, IX», IICT. iSfi, QW. 2&H. SSf, 4«1«	m.	Wl,	«. _i
^^^ft IIS, 424. lai). IA4. at. m. tu, &(»4, &o«, {;o«, £o», cit. m, tm.	Aid,	««.	•n. m
^^^M Vn. 741. MCP. iiGft, IJTI. )Lt4. ^H.			m

Hostile, 626.

houses at Wyomlnk, 929.

Lands, Treaty of John Penn and Richard Peters, 696.

Liquor and. 89. 57. 81, HI. 118, 269, 845.

Means of sccurinfir information concerning movements of, 624.

Miami (see TwlKhtwee).

Mlnisink. Speech to, 928.

Mohock, 377, 340, 349. 850, 856, 520, 697, 700, 708, n8, 716, 721.

Murder of Mr. Halg by, 85.

Ooquaghho, 722,

Oghquary, 722.

Ohio, 24. 52. 70. 72. S2. 125. 129. 132, 135. 139. 197. 204. 207. 208. 305. 310,

313, 877, 769. 770, 771, 870. 954. Good conduct of, in French and Indian war, 33. Message to, 935. Oneida, 520. 624. 652. 663, 686. 722. Onondago, 723. Onumwara, 722.

Order for sherifT to conduct, from Lancaster to Philadelphia. 807. Owendat. 452. 458, 475, 476. 482. Persons abducted by, 77, 85. presents. Request for assembly to furnish, 846. Request for coramlssioners to furnish, 849. Quakers and, 743. Relation of province to. 8. 24. 52. 70, 108, 107, 112. 135. 197, 221. 228. 241.

252. 260, 268. 282. 292, 300. 301. 313. 521. 631, 532, 548. 651, 556, 559. 560. 562.

5C4. 56^, 567. 572. 5S0. 616. 630. 634. 635, 636, 637, 639, 944. 652, 655. fitO. Tit.

734. 743, 745. 755. 822. SS8. 841. 842. 843. 844. 846, 849, 865, 869, 8«1. S6S. 864,

865, 869. 892, 904. 9^1. Sacking of Great Cove by. 517.

Index. 995

Indians— Continued. Sasquehannah, 3S4.

Treaty with, 6«7. Sckoohary, 722, 723. Seneca, 723.

Murder of, 576. Shawaneae, 125. 197, 204. 207. 208. 215. 220. 269. 294, 406, 528. 548. 606, 617.

641. 666. 769. 795. SOI, 803. Six Nations, 9. 20. 24, 77. 81. 103. 107. 106, 112. 125. 133. 197. 200. 204. 207. L08. 214. 217. 225. 248. 269. 264, 268. 282, 304. 313. 322. 336. 340. 343. 349, 350, 380, 381. 452, 484. 486, 520, 524, 574. 582. 584. 586. 588. 590. 598. 600. 606. 617. 622. 630. 639. 640, f44, 652, 660, 686, 687, 692. 696, 702. 717. 729. 734. 775. 787, 795, 801. 808. 846, 945. Deed to the proprietaries, 710, 717. Susquehannah, 617. Message to. 935. Treaty, Delay of assembly In providing^ for cost of, 83. Tsanandowas, 652, 653.

TwlKhtwee, 82. 126. 129, 132, 135, 197. 201. 207, 208. 251. Western. Threatened attack by, 634. Wyorolngr, Message to, 932.

Nescopeca and Sharaokin, 564. YounsT Mem 723. Ingllss, John, Commission to sell part of cargro of French schooner, 19& Inns, Letter to magistrates to control the number of, 124. Intelligence boat, 63. Iron, Proclamation to prevent working of, in the province, 130.

JAGREA. Indian chief. 620. Jamaica. Letter to Admiral Knowles at. 46. Janvier, Thomas. Provincial armourer, 925. Jegler or Selgler, Charles, Warrant for execution of. for murder, 773.

Respite of execution of, 777. Johnson, Sir William. Letter to. 258, 336, 351, 526. 577, 600. 606. 617, 622. 631. 638, 639. 705. 709, 730, 734, 742, 760, 755, 759, 775, 795, 800, 802, 832, 835, 848, 856, 913. 918. Justice of the peace. On a request of the assembly for the removal of a. 876. 886. 888. 893.

K

NOWLES. Charles, Admiral, Letter to. 48.

LANCASTER, 796. county. Danger of, from Indians, 290. Indian conference at, 796, 798, 801, 808. 812.

Indian treaty at, 83.

Letter from Governor Morris at, 571.

to Philadelphia. Order for sheriff to conduct Indians from, 807. Land-grants to ofllcers and soldiers. Proposed, 439, 450, 490, 683. Land warrants and surveys, 980.

Leeward Islands, Letter to .commodore of fleet at, 48. License of taverns, 544. Liquor and Indians. 39. 57, 81, 111, 118, 259, 345.

Duty on. 545, 961.

Excise on, 633, 737.

License, 544. Logan. James, continued in council by William Penn 2d, 651.

William, Letter to, 795. Loudoun, Earl of, 632. 742, 754. 755. 660, 764, 768. 819.

Letter to, 792. 813. 816. Lydlus, John. Connecticut squatter, 836, 946, 697.

996 Papers of the Governors.

M AnX hAttX^ bfirtlOT dimeuum. H. «. fT, 9R, 133, 5^

LrfUtr u,. »i^ 40*. list, SOT, fiOf. sn, ftti Pittfinvlivii of boundary Itnt. KJ*

rtn Ohio induiift. M.

an tr«iTpii4<N nt KntilAnA mtvA HftJ^p ft. Bl.

Mi4iiPMtrhu»«(U, fS. M. 29. n, 4T, T7. 31«, »W, m, tiii,

rrn Pxpim4IUiirt to Cmnm.dm. IT,

d^n-on*, ea. »n itt. m. jta, m>, fM. 8«c« itn, m, 04, m. »0, m. xi^

St£g, X«S. Ml. Mt, OKp t4&. <£«. ill. tl4. iBi ll]»i Ul. &». MO. M«. Itt, iiO. 7^. Til, tM. 81fl, **!. >«, *!«, m.

mM*ti«4ti, 3s« se. t9. n. ^. «4. »&^ tm, m, mt, fJ9, t^, sm, wn, t^. aoo. vau n», ii«, m. mt. «&. nm, sa, hm, m, m, tn. im, &i«j. ^1.

MA. «^. TSfi. ftlOp 9|«, »ii. >TI, IidA- train tip t^j altu-i.^m utid »ii]i]i*rv. l-rotriip.*^, 4M^ i^, 4)W, OL

Piy fff, 17. n, n, a, as. 1*2, ss, <t, m, n»* an, s», »•&.

•i*rvle«, ISnM^tTn^nt nr jtM-v««|n f**r, C*I. *

»V(t)ptl#X. ^^ ^*'*^ ^p ^<^* S-^"^- 3<I0« ««3. ^«l», 3Tn, hIM, Jn», »e, 32L. »C., 401^

iOS, 4<A% 411, 41»H 42«. ISO, Oi. T>t. MO. M!«, twfp SiSr, 9'T4.

»ur/»tlf« for WIU« crrnffli. l£t, 1^4, t&t. Vtflyiit«t.-rfr. Nfrcnaltjf frif^ 834- Mllltljt hlU, on li. &4«. b£G.

B'^or-Tfimc^ndntintl r>( A. T«H. Wl^, tll^. *%*, m, KU, $(^.

KMiibDiihnivTti <Jf h, 4u(!. iia. law in ]l«Ittw*re, Sia»

on a, 741. Provincial, 677. William Penn 2d on a, 6r.O. Mohock Indians. 337. 340, 349. 350, 520. 697, 700. Money, pa|>er, queRtion, 94, 110. 120, 121. 227, 229. 275, 276. 308, 316. 325. 32S.

378. 389. 416, 417, 502, f.l7. 538, 736, 778. 780, 919. 922, 926, 973, 975, 976. Montour. Andrew, Service with indianis. 129. 186. 203. 211, 484. 524. SS2. 590. 698. Lewis, 212. Moore. William, On a request of the assembly for the removal from office

of, 876, 886. 888, 893. Morris, Robert Hunter, Biographical note, 299.

Inaumiral address. 300. Murder of Seneca Indians by whites. 576.

Warrant for execution of Charles Jegler for, 773. Respite of execution of Charles Jegler for, 777. Muster of troops, 627.

NAVAL defense. Man-of-war for, 47, 48, 65, 66, 67. 79, 378, 426, 674, 675, 676, C78. NeKroes and Indians, 657. Duty on, 545. Newcastle, Captain. Indian Chief, also Cashiowayah. 629, 638. 689, 642. 729.

Death of, 753. Newfoundland, Pretence of trade with. Contraband trade with French

under, 41fi. New .Jersey, Letter to Governor of, 426, 506, 511, 758.

Volunteers frc.m, 63. New York, Governor of, 606.

Letter to. 19. 28. 34. 35. 46, 51, 62. 70, H, 182, 284, 507. Treaty with Six Nations at Albany, 282. 284. 290.

Index. 997

NorriP, Isaac, 702, 708. 718, 716.

Commissioner to treat with Ohio Indians, 197.

Commission to treat with Six Nations at Albany, 2S2, 2S4. Nova Scotlans. Arrival of deported French, 549, 554.

OHIO, Building a fort on the. 259. 264, 273. indians. 24, 52, 70, 72, 82. 125. 129, 132, 135, 139, 197, 204, 207, 20S, 260,

305. 310, 313. 377, 769, 770, 771, 870, 954. indians, good conduct of, in war, 35. Message to. 935. Operations on the. 260, 264. 271, 288. 305, 310. 600. 608. road. Defense of. 410.

Roads to the. Need of funds for completing, 409. Route to the. 358. 360. Oneida indians. Speech to. 686,

Orme, Captain Robert. A. D. C. to General Braddoclc. Letter to. 402. Otter, Sloop-of-war. for defense of shipping, 675. 676, 678.

PACKSINOSA, indian chief, Speech to, 864. Palmer, Anthony, Biographical note. 3.

Paper money question, 04, 110, 120. 121, 272. 229, 275, 276, 308. 316. 825, 328, 378. 389, 416, 417, 502, 517, 538, 736, 778, 780, 919. 922, 926, 973. 975. 976. Paris, Mr. Ferdinando John, London agent, 677. Parsons, Major William, Letter to, 636, 789. Patten. John. Messenger to the Six Nations, 217. Ponn, Hannah, Executrix of William, 648, 662, 663, 664. John, 1st, 64S, 662, 663. 665, 666.

Replies to addresses of the assembly, 696, 696. John 2d, 649. 696. 702. 708, 713. 716.

Commission to treat with Six Nations at Albany. 282, 284. Richard. 1st, 649, 662, 663. 665. 7U. 713. Springctt. 648. 662, 663. 664. Thomas. 649. 662. 663. 665. 711. 713. Letter to, 551, 557.

on state of province (1755), 448. On building a fort on the Ohio, 265. William, 662, 663. 664, 666.

and indians. 643. 645. 652. 856. 912. Treaty between the Sasquehannah Indians and. 667. Note on will of. 649. Will of. 647. William, 2d. Authority disputed, 648. Instructions to Oovemor Keith. 650, Pennock. Nathaniel. Disabled from serving in the assembly. 739. Pennsylvania levies. Discharged, 32. 33. 34. Perie. Nicholas. 38.

Peters, Hendrlck. Mohock chief. 337. 340. 356. 700, 708, 713. 716. 721. Peters. Richard. 679, 682. 702. 708. 713, 716. Commissioner to the Ohio indians. 197. Commissioner to the Six Nations. 696. Commissioner to the Six Nations at Albany. 282, 284. Illness of. 572. Philadelphia and indian outrages. 533.

Contemplated quartering of Dunbar's command in. 447.

dock. Unsanitary condition of, C79.

Indian council at. 289. 904. 910. 911. 917.

Order for sheriffs tu conduct indians from Lancaster to. 807.

Quartering troops in. 457. 760. 762, 76.^, 768.

On a bill for watching and lighting the streets of, 144.

J

Privateers, Danger from, 44, 49, 56, 60, 61, 64, 67.

Intelligence boat to warn of, 63.

Outrages of, 14. lYobate of wills. On a bill for, 140, 144.

Prorlamatlon directing the eviction of squatters on the Ian Nations. 107.

excluding foreign vessels, 6.

of a day of fasting and prayer, S27.

of a fast on account of a prolonged drouth, 407.

of a general fast (1747), 30.

of an order to prevent the working of iron In the provin

of Governor Denny, continuing officials, 728.

of Governor Hamilton, continuing officials, 90.

of President Palmer, continuing officials, 4.

of the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, 96.

of war against the Delawares, 594.

on the illicit sale of liquor to Indians, 89.

prohibiting boarding foreign vessels except British, 55.

prohibiting sale of rum to Indians, 111. Proprietaries accused of causing Indian hostilities, 555.

and Indians, S56. 912. 966.

attitude toward Qualcer interference with Indian treaties,

Gift of money from, 650, 567.

Lietter of Governor Morris to the, 561, 657.

EstateH of. Taxation of, 464. 459, 473, 483, 490. 495. 530. 533 776. 779. 780, 919. 922, 926, 973, 975, 976.

Instructions of on paper money, 240, 331, 736, 776, 780, 973. Proprietary family, see Penn.

John Penn. 2d. Commissioner to Six Nations, 282. 284.

Thomas Penn. 265. Letter to. 448. Public houses. Letter to magistrates to control the number o

QUAKER assembly's attitude toward defense, 44, 49, 63, 264, 266. 270, 275. 276. 284. 287, 300, 301, 316, 325, 828, 336, "^ 400. 409. 422. 438. 478, 490, 618, 521, 531, 540, 652, 608. 810. S Qualcers and Indians, 743, 836, 837. William Ponn. 2d, protects, 660.

Index. 999

Rents. Quit, Proprietary, 6S3, 973, 975, 976. Road commlpsloners. Letter to, 417.

Defense of new Ohio, 410.

from Shlppensburg to Intercept the route of the army from Wills Creek to Fort Du Quesne, 361). Roads, Need of funds for completing, 409.

on frontier of Cumberland county, 829.

to the Ohio. 858. 360. Rum. Duty upon. 961.

Excise upon, 633. 737.

ST. CLAIR, Sir John, Deputy Quartermaster General, Letter to, 356, 357. 360, 863. Memorial of, 829. Sasquehannah, see Susquehanna. Scalps. Recommendation of a reward for. 870.

Reward for Indian, 597. Soarroyady. Six Nations Indian chief. 486. 520, 524, 590. 598. S^'dooner, French, Repairs to a, 196. 199. SelKler or Jepler. Warrant for the execution of. 773.

Respite of execution of. 777. S-^neca Indians. Murder of, 576. Servants, Duty en, 546. Knlistment of. 582. * Shnmokln. 513, G21, 709. 752.

Delaware Indians to live at. 801. 808. Indians at. EC2. 564, 587. Shawanese Indians. 12r.. 197, 204. 2<»7. 208. 215. 220. 269. 29», 406. 528, 348, 606,

617. 641. 666. 769. 795. 801. 808. Shekellamy (see also Shlckcalamy). Indian chief, 660, 692. Sheriffs. Authority for council to select, 737. Shlckcalamy, Indian chief, 406. 406, 700.

Message of, 323. Shippen, Edward, Commissioner, 878. Shippensburg, 681. Fort at, 685.

Rendezvous for part of remnant of Braddock'a command, 445. Road from, 360. Ship Kuryale infected with yellow fever. 12. French, Alleged seizure of a, 85. of war. Hector, Welcome to, 79. Otter, British, 65. Provincial, 66. 67. Ships at Philadelphia, Relaxation of embargo on, 797. Duty on tonnage of. 903, 920, 961. Kmbarjjfo on, 6, 10, 772.

Remonstrance of assembly against, 813. Raising of the, 834. of war, French. 426. Approach of, 378. Request for guard of. 47. 48. Only British to be boarded, 55, 58. Shipping interests. Man of war for defense, of, 674. 675. 676, 678. Shirley. William. General. 434. 441, «2. 451. 478, 487. 511. 559, 569. 582, 607. Governor of Massachusetts. 6, 8, 17. 25, 26, 29, 32. 47, 77, 81. 311. 354, 355, 359. 370, 374. 376. 380. 388, 404, 428. Shoemaker. Benjamin, Comml.<9sloner to Wyomlnk Indians. 564. Sinking fund. 737.

Six nations Indians. 9. 20. 24, 77. 81. 103. 107. 108. 112. 125. 133. 197. 200, 204. 207. 208. 214. 217. 225, 248. 259. 264. 268. 282. 304. 313. 322. 836, 340. 343, 349, 350, 380, 381, 452, 484. 486. 520. 524. 574. 582. r>84. 586. 588. 590. 598, ddO, 605. 617. 622. 630. 689. 640, 644, 652, 660, 686. 687, 692, 696, 702. Til. 729, 734. 775. 787, 796. 801. 803. 846, 946. deed to the proprietaries, 710, 717.

n

Squatters, Connecticut, 253, 258, 822, 336. 340, 341, 842, 697.

Eviction of from landn of Six Nations, 107, 128. Stanwix. Colonel John, 831.

Letter to. 882. Stanwix, General John, 981. Starving colonlBts, relief of, 686.

SufTeringB, Meeting of. Requetft for a copy of Easton treaty. Sugar, Duty upon, 961. Supplies for French ports. Embargo on, 862.

Military. 352. 354, 355. 366. 357, 360, 863, 369, 873. 384. 889. 3 402. 409, 412, 419. 429. 430. 433. 792. 823. 866, 882, .922, 974. Support of government. 543, 754, 776. 779. 780. 973.

of Governor, 617. 754. 776, 779. 7S0, 973. Surveys*. Warrants and. 980. Susquehannah Indians. 562. 564. 573, 617.

Message to. 935.

TAXATION for the ("anada expedition. 645. of proprietary and other estates. 4,'V4, 459. 473. 483. 49( 533. 552. 681. 776. 779. 780, 919, 922, 926, 973. 975, 976. Taylor, Abraham, Dismissal from council, 890. Tenerlffe. British consul at, regarding permit for disabled F

to sail to. 199. Teedyuacung, King of the Delawares, 638, 781, 756, 758, 76J 796, 798. S24. 830. 832, 835, 878, 915. 917, 929. 987. 948. 966. Demand of, for a clerk, 841, 844, 846. Message to, 932.

Speeches of Governor Denny to. 743, 745, 751, 808, 844, 84 861. 863, 865. 869. 892. 904, 911. 929. 958. 979. 982. Tonnage of vessels. Duty on, 90S, 920, 961. Treaty with Six Nations at Albany (1754), 282, 284, 290. Troops. Mustering. 627. Provlnoiai. 9C7.

Quarters for Uritlsh. 457. 755. 760, 762, 763, 768. Regular. Need of, 512, TwlRhtwc-o Indini.M, 82. 126. 129, 122, 135. 197. 204, 207, 208, 261

Index.

lOOI

Virginia, Governor of. Letter to, 85, 260, 264, 352, 355. Letter to, on extension of boundary line. 123. Letter to. on good conduct of certain Indians, 35. Letter to, on Indian affairs, 207, 208, 250, 280, 264. 277. Letter to, on military affairs, 422. 492. 506. Letter to, on Ohio Indians. 52. Letter to, on privateers, 61. to administer oath of office to Governor Gordon, 664.

WAR. French and Indian, 5. 6. 8, 9, 14, 17, 19, 20, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30. 32, 33. Termination of French and Indian by peace of Alx-la-Chapelle, 96, Warrants and surveys, 980. Washington, George, 278, 918.

Letter to, 914. Weiser, Conrad, Provincial Indian Interpreter, 9, 22, 37, 52, 71, 72, 77, 85, 109, 113. 129, 136, 208, 269, 275, 286, 292, 294. 305, 323, 377, 484, 508. 509, 513. 526. 598, 655, 698. 700, 702. 707, 708. 716, 742, 795. Appointment of, as Colonel, 509. Wine. Duty upon, 961.

Excise upon, 633. 737. Wills. Bill on probate of. 140, 144.

Wiltbank, Abraham, Commission to fit out on intelligence boat. 63. Wives, Soldier's. Need of funds for care of certain of Braddock's, 409, 413. Woodbrldge. Mr., Schoolmaster of the Mohecon Indians, 698, 723. Wyoming, 709.

Connecticut settlers In, 253, 257. Indian houses at, 929. Indians, Message to, 932. Wyomink. Commission for building a fort at, 878. Indians at. 562, 564.

YELLOW FEVER, Ship Euryale Infected with, 12. Young, James, Order for mustering troops, 627.

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